Yini Umgomo we-Zoster (Shingrix): Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni Nokunye

Umgomo we-zoster, ovame ukwaziwa nge-Shingrix, ngumgomo osebenza kahle kakhulu okuvikela emshweni nasezinkingeni zawo. Lo mgomo we-recombinant usebenzisa ucezu oluncane lwe-varicella-zoster virus oluhlanganiswe ne-adjuvant ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusabela kwakho komzimba, okusiza umzimba wakho ukuthi uqaphele futhi ulwe negciwane elibangela umshiso.

Uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-50 noma unezimo ezithile zempilo ezenza buthaka amasosha akho omzimba, lo mgomo ungalinciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho yokuthola umshiso ngaphezu kwama-90%. Kubhekwa njengomunye wemigomo esebenza kahle kakhulu etholakalayo namuhla yokuvimbela lesi simo esibuhlungu.

Yini Umgomo we-Zoster (Shingrix)?

I-Shingrix ngumgomo we-recombinant, adjuvanted oklanyelwe ngqo ukuvimbela umshiso (herpes zoster) nezinkinga zawo. Ngokungafani nemigomo ephilayo, lo mgomo uqukethe iphrotheni encane evela ku-varicella-zoster virus, hhayi igciwane eliphilayo ngokwalo.

Umgomo uhlanganisa i-adjuvant ebizwa nge-AS01B, esebenza njengomsizi owenza ukuthi amasosha akho omzimba asabele ngokuqinile emgomweni. Le nhlanganisela idala ukusabela okunamandla komzimba okungakuvikela iminyaka eminingi, ngisho nalapho amasosha akho omzimba ebuthaka ngokwemvelo ngobudala.

Umgomo unikezwa njengomjovo emsipheni wakho ongaphezulu wengalo futhi udinga imithamo emibili ehlukaniswe ngamabili kuya kweziyisi-6 izinyanga ukuze uthole ukuvikelwa okuphelele.

Umgomo we-Zoster Usetshenziselwa Ukuthini?

Inhloso eyinhloko ye-Shingrix ukuvimbela umshiso, isimo sesikhumba esibuhlungu esenzeka lapho igciwane le-chickenpox livuseka emzimbeni wakho. Umgomo unconywa kubantu abadala abaneminyaka engama-50 nangaphezulu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi bayakhumbula yini ukuthi babenayo i-chickenpox.

Ngaphandle kokuvimbela ama-shingles ngokwawo, umgomo futhi uvikela ngokuphambana ne-postherpetic neuralgia (PHN), inkinga enkulu lapho ubuhlungu bemizwa buqhubeka isikhathi eside ngemuva kokuthi ukuqubuka kwama-shingles kunyamalala. Lesi simo sobuhlungu obungapheli bungahlala izinyanga noma iminyaka, sithinte kakhulu izinga lempilo yakho.

Umjovo futhi unconywa kubantu abadala abaneminyaka engu-19 nangaphezulu abanezinhlelo zokuzivikela ezibuthakathaka ngenxa yezimo ezinjenge-HIV, ukwelashwa komdlavuza, noma ukufakelwa izitho. Noma ngabe uke waba nama-shingles ngaphambili, umgomo ungasiza ekuvikeleni izigameko zesikhathi esizayo.

Isebenza Kanjani Umgomo we-Zoster?

I-Shingrix isebenza ngokuqeqesha uhlelo lwakho lokuzivikela ukuthi luqaphele futhi lulwele igciwane le-varicella-zoster ngempumelelo. Umgomo uqukethe iphrotheni ethile (i-glycoprotein E) evela egciwaneni ukuthi uhlelo lwakho lokuzivikela lufunda ukuyihlonza njengengaphandle.

Uma ihlanganiswe ne-adjuvant AS01B, le phrotheni ibangela impendulo eqinile yokuzivikela ehlanganisa kokubili ama-antibodies nama-T-cells. Lokhu kuvikela okubili kubaluleke kakhulu ngoba ukuzivikela kwe-T-cell kuvame ukwehla ngobudala, yingakho abadala bebuthaka kakhulu kuma-shingles.

Lo mjovo uthathwa njengomqina kakhulu futhi usebenza kahle, unikeza ukuvikelwa okungaphezu kuka-90% kuma-shingles ezivivinyweni zemitholampilo. Ukuvikelwa kuhlala kuphezulu ngisho nakubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-70 ubudala, okwenza kube ngcono kakhulu kunomgomo omdala we-zoster ophilayo ongasanconywa.

Kufanele Ngiwuthathaphi Umgomo we-Zoster?

I-Shingrix inikezwa njengomjovo emsipheni wengalo yakho engenhla ngumhlinzeki wezempilo. Akudingeki ukuthi uyithathe nokudla noma amanzi ngoba kungumjovo, hhayi umuthi omlomo.

Uzodinga imithamo emibili yomgomo, ngomthamo wesibili onikezwa ezinyangeni ezi-2-6 ngemuva komthamo wokuqala. Kubalulekile ukuqeda womabili imithamo ukuqinisekisa ukuvikelwa okuphezulu. Uma ulinda isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga ezi-6 phakathi kwemithamo, akudingeki ukuthi uqale kabusha uchungechunge - vele uthole umthamo wakho wesibili ngokushesha okukhulu.

Ngaphambi kokuba uqokwe, gqoka ihembe elinemikhono engagoqwa kalula. Ungadla ngokujwayelekile ngaphambi nangemva kokugonywa kwakho, futhi akukho mingcele ekhethekile yokudla ehlobene nalolu gonyo.

Kufanele Ngithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani Umgomo We-Zoster?

Umjovo we-zoster uchungechunge lwemithamo emibili oluqedela ezinyangeni eziningana, hhayi umuthi oqhubekayo owuthatha nsuku zonke. Uma usutholile womabili umthamo, ubhekwa njengogonywe ngokugcwele ngokumelene ne-shingles.

Ucwaningo lwamanje lubonisa ukuthi ukuvikelwa ku-Shingrix kuhlala kuqinile okungenani iminyaka engu-7 ngemuva kokugonywa. Izifundo ziyaqhubeka ukuthola kahle ukuthi ukuzivikela kuhlala isikhathi esingakanani, kodwa cishe ngeke udinge imijovo yokuthuthukisa iminyaka eminingi, uma kukhona.

Ngokungafani neminye imigomo edinga ama-booster anyaka ngamunye, impendulo eqinile yokuzivikela emzimbeni eyenziwe yi-Shingrix ibonakala inikeza ukuvikelwa okuhlala isikhathi eside. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzokugcina unolwazi mayelana nanoma yiziphi izincomo zesikhathi esizayo zokuthuthukisa imithamo njengoba ucwaningo olwengeziwe lutholakala.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni Yomgomo We-Zoster?

Abantu abaningi bahlangabezana nemiphumela emincane kuya kwemaphakathi ngemuva kokuthola i-Shingrix, okubonisa ngempela ukuthi amasosha akho omzimba aphendula kahle kumgomo. Le miphumela emibi ivame ukuhlala izinsuku ezi-2-3 futhi ngokuvamile ilawuleka ngemithi yokwelapha ubuhlungu engaphezu kwe-counter.

Nawa amanye imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ongase uyithole, cishe ngokulandelana kusuka kokuningi kuya kokuncane:

• Ubuhlungu, ububomvu, noma ukuvuvukala endaweni yokujova (kuthinta cishe abantu abangu-8 kwabangu-10)
• Ukulimala kwemisipha nokukhathala (kuthinta cishe abantu abangu-4-5 kwabangu-10)
• Ikhanda (kuthinta cishe abantu abangu-4 kwabangu-10)
• Umkhuhlane namakhaza (kuthinta cishe abantu abangu-2-3 kwabangu-10)
• Isicanucanu nokucasuka kwesisu (kuthinta cishe abantu abangu-1-2 kwabangu-10)

Lezi zimo zivame ukuba namandla ngemva komthamo wesibili futhi zivame ukubonakala kubantu abadala abasebancane. Nakuba kungakhululekile, ziyizimpawu zokuthi amasosha akho omzimba akha ukuvikeleka emshinini.

Imiphumela emibi engathi sína ayivamile kodwa ingabandakanya ukusabela okukhulu komzimba. Uma uhlangabezana nobunzima bokuphefumula, ukuvuvukala kobuso bakho noma umphimbo, noma izinduna ezinzima, funa ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha. Abanye abantu bangase futhi bahlangabezane nokulimala kwehlombe okuhlobene nokuphathwa komgomo (i-SIRVA), nakuba lokhu kungavamile uma umjovo unikezwa ngendlela efanele.

Ubani Ongafanele Athole Umgomo We-Zoster?

Abantu abadala abaningi bangathola i-Shingrix ngokuphepha, kodwa kunezinye izinto ezibalulekile okufanele ziqashelwe. Akufanele uthole lo mgomo uma uke waba nokusabela okukhulu komzimba kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomgomo noma kumthamo wangaphambilini we-Shingrix.

Kufanele futhi ugweme umgomo uma njengamanje uhlangabezana nokugula okuphakathi nendawo kuya kokukhulu ngomkhuhlane. Nakuba umkhuhlane omncane ngeke uvimbele ukugonywa, kungcono ukulinda uze uzizwe ungcono ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ungaqonda kahle noma yimiphi imiphumela emibi ehlobene nomgomo.

Uma ukhulelwe noma uncelisa, kufanele ulinde ukuthola i-Shingrix kuze kube ngemva kokukhulelwa nokuncelisa sekuqediwe. Nakuba kungekho bufakazi bokulimala, akukho datha yokuphepha eyanele kubantu besifazane abakhulelwe ukuze kunconywe ukusetshenziswa okuvamile.

Abantu abathatha imithi ethile ecindezela kakhulu amasosha omzimba kufanele baxoxe ngesikhathi nodokotela wabo. Nakuba umgomo unconywa kubantu abangenamandla omzimba, udokotela wakho angase afune ukulungisa isikhathi esisekelwe ohlelweni lwakho oluthile lokwelashwa.

Amagama Omkhiqizo Womgomo We-Zoster

I-Shingrix yigama lomkhiqizo womgomo we-zoster ohlanganisiwe owenziwe yi-GlaxoSmithKline (GSK). Njengamanje lo ngumgomo we-zoster kuphela onconywe yi-CDC kubantu abadala abaneminyaka engu-50 nangaphezulu.

Ungase futhi uzwe nge-Zostavax, okuyigciwane elidala le-zoster eliphilayo, kodwa alisatholakali e-United States kusukela ngo-2020. Uma wathola i-Zostavax esikhathini esidlule, kufanele usathole i-Shingrix ukuze uthole ukuvikeleka okungcono.

Uma uhlela i-aphoyintimenti yakho, vele ucele "umgomo we-shingles" noma "Shingrix" - abahlinzeki bezempilo bazokwazi kahle ukuthi ukhuluma ngani. Amakhemisi amaningi, amahhovisi odokotela, kanye nemitholampilo yezempilo banalo mgomo.

Ezinye Izindlela Zokugoma I-Zoster

Njengamanje, azikho ezinye izindlela zokugoma ze-Shingrix zokuvimbela ama-shingles. I-Shingrix yiwona kuphela umgomo wama-shingles otholakalayo futhi onconywayo e-United States kusukela lapho i-Zostavax iyekiswa.

Uma ungeke ukwazi ukuthola i-Shingrix ngenxa yokungezwani komzimba noma ezinye izizathu zezokwelapha, azikho ezinye izindlela zokugoma ezivikelayo ezitholakalayo. Kodwa-ke, uma uthola ama-shingles, imithi elwa namagciwane efana ne-acyclovir, valacyclovir, noma i-famciclovir ingasiza ukunciphisa ubukhulu nobude bezimpawu uma iqala ngokushesha.

Abanye abantu babuza ngezindlela zemvelo noma izithasiselo, kodwa akukho mikhiqizo yemvelo ebonakale ivimbela ama-shingles ngempumelelo efana ne-Shingrix. Ukugcina impilo enhle iyonke, ukuphatha ingcindezi, nokuthola ukulala okwanele kungase kusekele amasosha akho omzimba, kodwa lezi zinyathelo zodwa azikwazi ukuhlinzeka ngokuqondile ukuvikeleka okuhlinzekwa ukugoma.

Ingabe i-Shingrix Ingcono Kune-Zostavax?

Yebo, i-Shingrix isebenza kahle kakhulu kunomgomo omdala we-Zostavax. Ngenkathi i-Zostavax inikeza ukuvikeleka okungaba ngu-50% kuma-shingles kubantu abaneminyaka engu-60-69 ubudala, i-Shingrix inikeza ukuvikeleka okungaphezu kuka-90% kuwo wonke amaqembu obudala, okuhlanganisa nalabo abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-70.

I-Shingrix iphinde inikeze ukuvikeleka okungcono ekuqhubekeni kwe-neuralgia ye-postherpetic, isimo sobuhlungu obungapheli obungalandela ama-shingles. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi i-Shingrix inciphisa ingozi ye-PHN ngaphezu kuka-90%, uma iqhathaniswa nokuncishiswa okungaba ngu-67% nge-Zostavax.

Ukuvikelwa yi-Shingrix nakho kuhlala isikhathi eside. Ngenkathi ukusebenza kwe-Zostavax kwehla kakhulu ngemva kweminyaka emi-5, i-Shingrix igcina ukusebenza kahle isikhathi esingangeminyaka eyi-7 okungenani futhi cishe isikhathi eside. Lokhu kuvikela okungcono nokuhlala isikhathi eside yikho okwenza iziphathimandla zezempilo zashintsha i-Zostavax nge-Shingrix.

Noma ngabe wake wathola i-Zostavax esikhathini esidlule, usafanele uthole i-Shingrix ukuze uthole ukuvikelwa okungcono. Ungathola i-Shingrix nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ngemva kokuthola i-Zostavax – akukho isikhathi sokulinda esidingekayo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana Nomgomo we-Zoster

Ingabe i-Shingrix iphephile kubantu abanesifo sikashukela?

Yebo, i-Shingrix iphephile futhi ibaluleke kakhulu kubantu abanesifo sikashukela. Isifo sikashukela singenza buthaka amasosha akho omzimba, sikwenze uthambekele kakhulu kuma-shingles kanye nezinkinga zawo.

Abantu abanesifo sikashukela abathola ama-shingles bangase babe nezimpawu ezinzima kakhulu kanye nezikhathi zokuphola ezinde. Umgomo unikeza ukuvikelwa okuhle okufanayo kubantu abanesifo sikashukela njengakwababengekho, okwenza ukugonywa kube yisinyathelo esihlakaniphile sokuvimbela. Amazinga akho kashukela egazi akufanele athintwe kakhulu ngumgomo, nakuba ungase ufune ukuwaqapha eduze izinsuku ezimbalwa ngemva kokugonywa uma uvame ukulawula i-glucose ngokuqinile.

Ngingenzani uma ngithola ngengozi imithamo eminingi ye-Shingrix?

Uma ngengozi uthola umthamo owengeziwe we-Shingrix, ungesabi – lokhu ngeke kubangele ingozi enkulu. Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuze ubike umthamo owengeziwe futhi uxoxe nganoma yiziphi izinkathazo.

Ungase ube nemiphumela emibi enamandla kancane kunokujwayelekile, njengokwanda kobuhlungu endaweni yokujova noma izimpawu ezinamandla ezinjenge-flu. Lokhu kufanele kulungiswe ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Gcina umbhalo walokho ukuthi uthole nini umthamo ngamunye ukuze uqinisekise ukuhlukaniswa okufanele kwanoma yikuphi ukugonywa okuzayo. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo angakusiza ukuthi unqume ukuthi ngabe kukhona yini ukulungiswa okudingekayo esimisweni sakho sokugoma.

Ngingenzani uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo wami wesibili we-Shingrix?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo wakho wesibili we-Shingrix, uhlele ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Akudingeki ukuthi uqale kabusha uchungechunge - vele uthole umthamo wakho wesibili noma nini lapho ungafika khona, ngisho noma sekudlule izinyanga ezingaphezu kwezi-6 kusukela kumthamo wakho wokuqala.

Ngenkathi isikhathi esinconyiwe singama-2-6 izinyanga phakathi kwemithamo, ukuthola umthamo wesibili ngemuva kokuhlelelwe ngeke kunciphise ukusebenza kwawo. Isistimu yakho yokuzivikela emzimbeni izosabela kahle kumthamo wesibili olibazisekile. Kodwa-ke, ngeke ube nokuvikeleka okuphelele ku-shingles kuze kube yilapho uqeda yomibili imithamo, ngakho-ke ungalibazisi ngokungadingekile.

Ngingayeka nini ukukhathazeka nge-Shingles ngemuva kokuthola i-Shingrix?

Ungazizwa uqiniseka ngokuvikeleka kwakho kwe-shingles ngamasonto angama-2-4 ngemuva kokuthola umthamo wakho wesibili we-Shingrix. Lesi yisikhathi lapho isistimu yakho yokuzivikela emzimbeni isabele ngokugcwele emgomeni futhi yakha ukuvikeleka okuphezulu.

Umjovo unikeza ukuvikeleka okungaphezu kwama-90%, okusho ukuthi ingozi yakho yokuthuthukisa i-shingles iba phansi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, khumbula ukuthi akukho umgomo osebenza ngempumelelo ngama-100%, ngakho-ke kusekhona ithuba elincane le-shingles. Uma uthola i-shingles ngemuva kokugonywa, kungenzeka ukuthi izoba mnene futhi ibe mfushane kunokuba ibe ngaphandle kokugonywa.

Ngingayithola i-Shingrix uma ngithatha ama-blood thinners?

Yebo, ungalithola ngokuphepha i-Shingrix uma uthatha ama-blood thinners afana ne-warfarin, apixaban, noma i-aspirin. Umgomo unikezwa njengomjovo we-intramuscular, futhi ngenkathi kungase kube nokulimala okuncane endaweni yokujova, lokhu akuyingozi.

Yazisa umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngemithi yakho yokunciphisa igazi ngaphambi kokugonywa. Bangase basebenzise ingcindezi endaweni yokujova isikhashana eside kunokujwayelekile ukunciphisa ukulimala. Izinzuzo zokuvimbela i-shingles zidlula kakhulu ingozi encane yokwanda kokulimala, ikakhulukazi ngoba abantu abase-blood thinners bangase babe sengozini enkulu yezinkinga ze-shingles.