Yini Izigaxa Zesifuba? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, & Ukwelashwa Kwasekhaya

Izigaxa zesifuba ziyizindawo zezicubu eziqine ezinomuzwa ohlukile kwezinye izicubu zesifuba. Iningi lezigaxa zesifuba alinawo umdlavuza futhi kwenzeka ngezizathu ezijwayelekile njengokuguquka kwamahomoni, ama-cyst, noma ukukhula okungenabungozi. Ngenkathi ukuthola isigaxa kungase kuzwakale kuthusa, cishe u-80% wezigaxa zesifuba ziphenduka zingalimazi.

Yini isigaxa sesifuba?

Isigaxa sesifuba yinoma iyiphi inqwaba noma indawo yezicubu eziqine ezinomuzwa ohlukile kuyo yonke ingxenye yesifuba sakho. Lezi zigaxa zingahluka kakhulu ngosayizi, zisuka ekubeni zincane njengophizi ziye ezinqabeni ezinkulu kakhulu. Zingase zizwakale ziqinile, zithambile, zinama-rubbery, noma ziqinile kuye ngokuthi yini eziyibangelayo.

Amathanga akho ngokwemvelo aqukethe izinhlobo ezahlukene zezicubu ezihlanganisa imisele yobisi, amafutha, nezicubu ezixhumanisayo. Ngezikhathi ezithile lezi zicubu zingakha izigaxa ngezizathu ezihlukahlukene. Ukuthungwa nomuzwa wezicubu zesifuba sakho kungashintsha futhi kuyo yonke imijikelezo yakho yokuya esikhathini ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwamahomoni.

Sizwakala kanjani isigaxa sesifuba?

Izigaxa zesifuba zingazizwa zihlukile kakhulu kuye ngokuthi zibangelwa yini. Iningi lezigaxa ezingenangqondo zizwakala zibushelelezi, ziyindilinga, futhi ziyanyakaziswa uma uzicindezela ngobumnene. Zingase zizwakale njengemabula ezigingqika ngaphansi kwesikhumba sakho noma amagilebhisi athambile.

Ezinye izigaxa zizwakala ziqinile futhi zinama-rubbery, kanti ezinye zingase zithambe noma ziqine. Ama-Cyst avame ukuzwakala njengamabhaluni abushelelezi, agcwele uketshezi, kanti ama-fibroadenomas ngokuvamile azwakala njengamabula abushelelezi, aqinile. Izicubu zesifuba ezizungezile zivame ukuzwakala zihlukile esigaxeni ngokwaso.

Kufanelekile ukuqaphela ukuthi izicubu zesifuba ngokwemvelo zizwakala zinezigaxa noma zinamagquma kubantu abaningi. Lokhu kuthungwa okuvamile kuvame ukuchazwa njengokuzwakala njengoshizi we-cottage noma i-oatmeal, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezingaphezulu ezingaphandle zamabele akho.

Yini ebangela izigaxa zesifuba?

Izigaxa zesifuba zithuthuka ngezizathu eziningi ezihlukene, futhi iningi alinawo umonakalo. Ukuqonda lezi zimbangela kungasiza ukudambisa ukukhathazeka kwakho ngenkathi ufuna ukuhlolwa okufanele kwezokwelapha.

Nazi izimbangela ezivame kakhulu zezigaxa zamabele:

• Ushintsho lwama-hormone: Umjikelezo wakho wokuya esikhathini, ukukhulelwa, noma ukuya esikhathini kancane kungabangela izigaxa zesikhashana noma ukujiya
• Ama-Cysts: Izikhwama ezigcwele uketshezi ezivame kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile ezingalimazi
• Ama-Fibroadenomas: Amathumba angalimazi enziwe ngezicubu zamabele nezicubu ezixhumayo
• Ushintsho lwebele le-Fibrocystic: Ushintsho olujwayelekile olwenza amabele azizwe enamaqhubu noma ethambile
• Ama-Lipomas: Izigaxa ezithambile, ezinamafutha ezingalimazi nhlobo
• Imisele yobisi: Imisele yobisi evaliwe noma evuvukele, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuncelisa

Izimbangela ezingavamile zihlanganisa izifo, ukulimala kwezicubu zamabele, noma imithi ethile. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi izigaxa eziningi zamabele zinezincazelo ezilula, ezingelashwa.

Iyini isigaxa sebele esibonakalisa ngaso?

Izigaxa eziningi zamabele ziyizimpawu zoshintsho olujwayelekile lwebele noma izimo ezingalimazi. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi izinhlobo ezahlukene zezigaxa zingabonisa ini ukuze ukwazi ukwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi ngempilo yakho.

Nazi izimo ezivame kakhulu ezihambisana nezigaxa zamabele:

• Isifo sebele se-Fibrocystic: Isimo esingalimazi esibangela amabele anamaqhubu, athambile
• Ama-cysts alula: Izikhwama ezigcwele uketshezi eziqhelelene ngokuphelele
• Ama-Fibroadenomas: Amathumba aqinile angahambisani nomdlavuza avame kakhulu kwabesifazane abasebancane
• I-Mastitis: Ukutheleleka ebeleni okungabangela izigaxa ezibuhlungu, ngokuvamile ngesikhathi sokuncelisa
• I-Fat necrosis: Izigaxa ezingalimazi ezenzeka ngemva kokulimala ebeleni noma ukuhlinzwa
• Ama-Papillomas: Ukukhula okungalimazi emiseleni yobisi

Ngenkathi izigaxa eziningi zingalimazi, ezinye zingabonisa izimo ezingathi sína. Umdlavuza webele ngezinye izikhathi ungaziveza njengesigaxa, yingakho noma iyiphi isigaxa esisha noma esishintshayo kufanele sihlolwe ngumhlinzeki wezempilo.

Izimo ezingavamile ezingase zibangele izigaxa zihlanganisa imithombo ye-phyllodes, evame ukuba yinhle kodwa ingakhula ngokushesha, noma umdlavuza webele ovuthayo, ovame ukuvela njengoshintsho esikhumbeni kunokuba yisigaxa esihlukile.

Ingabe izigaxa zamabele zinganyamalala zodwa?

Yebo, izigaxa eziningi zamabele zinganyamalala zodwa, ikakhulu lezo ezihlobene nezinguquko zamahomoni. Izigaxa ezivela ngaphambi kokuya esikhathini zivame ukuncipha noma zinyamalale ngokuphelele ngemuva kokuphela komjikelezo wakho.

Ama-cyst avame ukuza futhi ahambe ngokwemvelo njengoba amazinga akho e-hormone eguquguquka. Abanye besifazane baqaphela ukuthi izigaxa zabo zamabele ziyashintsha ngosayizi inyanga yonke, ziba ngcono ngaphambi kokuya esikhathini futhi zingabonakali ngemuva kwalokho.

Kodwa-ke, izigaxa eziqhubeka ngaphezu komjikelezo owodwa ophelele wokuya esikhathini noma eziphuma ngemuva kokuyeka ukuya esikhathini kufanele zihlale zihlolwa ngumhlinzeki wezempilo. Noma ngabe isigaxa singase sihambe sodwa, kusabalulekile ukuthi sihlolwe ukuze kuqedwe noma yiziphi izimo ezinzima.

Zingelashwa kanjani izigaxa zamabele ekhaya?

Ngenkathi kufanele uhlale unazo izigaxa ezintsha ezihlolwa ngumhlinzeki wezempilo, kunezinyathelo ezithile zasekhaya ezithambile ezingasiza ngokuphatheka kabi okuvela ezigaxeni zamabele ezingelona i-benign.

Nawa amanye amasu okusekela ongazama:

• Gqoka ibhodi elingena kahle, elisekelayo: Lokhu kunganciphisa ukunyakaza nokungakhululeki
• Sebenzisa ama-compresses afudumele: Ukushisa okuthambile kungasiza ngobumnene obuvamile kuma-cyst noma izinguquko zamahomoni
• Zama izidambisi zokuhlunguphala ezingaphezu kwe-counter: I-Ibuprofen noma i-acetaminophen ingasiza ngokuphatheka kabi
• Nciphisa i-caffeine: Abanye besifazane bathola ukuthi ukukhawulela ikhofi noshokoledi kusiza ngobumnene bebele
• Qeqesha ukuphatha ukucindezeleka: Ukucindezeleka kungase kubhebhethekise ukuguquguquka kwamahomoni

Khumbula ukuthi ukwelashwa ekhaya kungokulawula ukuphatheka kabi kuphela, hhayi ukwelapha imbangela eyinhloko. Noma iyiphi iqhubu elisha lidinga ukuhlolwa okufanele kwezokwelapha kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lezi zinyathelo zinikeza ukukhululeka.

Yini ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha ngamaqhubu ebele?

Ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha ngamaqhubu ebele kuncike ngokuphelele kulokho okubangela. Umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo uzodinga kuqala ukuthola uhlobo lweqhubu ngokuhlolwa futhi mhlawumbe nokuhlolwa kwesithombe.

Ezimweni ezingelona ubungozi, ukwelashwa kungabandakanya ukuqapha iqhubu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ikakhulukazi uma lishintsha nomjikelezo wakho wokuya esikhathini. Ama-cyst alula ngokuvamile awadingi ukwelashwa ngaphandle kokuthi abangela ukuphatheka kabi okukhulu.

Ezinye izinketho zokwelapha zihlanganisa:

• Ukubuka: Amaqhubu amaningi angenabungozi aqashwa nje ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
• Ukugeleza: Ama-cyst amakhulu, abuhlungu angakhishwa ngenaliti encane
• Ukwelashwa ngamahomoni: Ngenxa yamaqhubu ahlobene nezinguquko zamahomoni
• Ama-antibiotics: Uma iqhubu libangelwa ukutheleleka
• Ukususwa ngokuhlinzwa: Ngezinhlobo ezithile zamaqhubu angenabungozi noma uma kutholakala umdlavuza

Uma izivivinyo zokuqala zikhombisa umdlavuza, ithimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lizokwenza uhlelo olubanzi lokwelapha olwenzelwe isimo sakho esithile. Lokhu kungabandakanya ukuhlinzwa, i-chemotherapy, imisebe, noma ukwelashwa okuhloswe ngayo.

Kufanele ngibone nini udokotela ngamaqhubu ebele?

Kufanele ubone umhlinzeki wokunakekelwa kwezempilo nganoma yiliphi iqhubu elisha lebele, ngisho noma lizizwa lilincane noma lingabangeli ubuhlungu. Ngenkathi amaqhubu amaningi enobungozi, uchwepheshe wezokwelapha kuphela ongahlola kahle okuzwayo.

Nawa amanye amazwi okufanele anakekelwe ngokushesha:

• Iqhuma elisha: Noma ngabe libuhlungu noma cha
• Ushintsho eziqhumeni ezikhona: Uma zikhula, ziba lukhuni, noma zizizwa zihlukile
• Ushintsho esikhumbeni: Ukugqama, ukushwabana, noma ukuthungwa okufana nesikhumba se-orange
• Ushintsho ezinqeni: Ukuphuma, ukuguquka, noma ukukala okuqhubekayo
• Ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo: Ubuhlungu besifuba obungapheli ngemuva kokuya esikhathini
• Iziqhuma ezinganyakazi: Ikakhulukazi uma zizwa ziqinile noma zingajwayelekile

Ungalindi ukubona ukuthi iqhuma liyanyamalala ngokwalo, ikakhulukazi uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-40 noma unomlando womndeni womdlavuza wamabele. Ukuhlolwa kwasekuqaleni kunikeza ukuthula kwengqondo futhi kuqinisekisa ukwelashwa okusheshayo uma kudingeka.

Ziyini izici eziyingozi zokuthuthukisa iziqhuma zamabele?

Izici eziningana zingakhuphula amathuba akho okuthuthukisa iziqhuma zamabele, yize ukuba nezici eziyingozi akusho ukuthi nakanjani uzozithuthukisa. Ukuqonda lezi zici kungakusiza ukuthi uhlale uqaphela izinguquko ezithweni zakho zamabele.

Izici eziyingozi ezivamile zifaka:

• Ubudala: Izinhlobo ezahlukene zeziqhuma zivame kakhulu eminyakeni ehlukene
• Izici ze-hormonal: Ukujikeleza kokuya esikhathini, ukukhulelwa, kanye nokuya esikhathini konke kuthinta izicubu zamabele
• Umlando womndeni: Izici zofuzo zingathonya ingozi yakho
• Umlando womuntu siqu: Iziqhuma zamabele zangaphambilini noma umdlavuza wamabele
• Ukwelashwa ngama-hormone: Kungakhuphula ingozi yezinhlobo ezithile zeziqhuma
• Izicubu zamabele ezixineneyo: Kwenza iziqhuma zibe maningi futhi kube nzima ukuzithola

Ezinye izici zifaka ukuya esikhathini ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ukuya esikhathini sekwephuzile, ukungabi nabantwana, noma ukuba nomntwana wakho wokuqala ngemuva kweminyaka engama-30. Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi abanalezi zici eziyingozi abalokothi bathuthukise iziqhuma zamabele ezinzima.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingaba khona zeziqhuma zamabele?

Iningi leziqongo zamabele alibangeli zinkinga futhi lihlala lingenangozi empilweni yakho yonke. Kodwa-ke, ukuqonda izinkinga ezingaba khona kungakusiza ukuthi wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nokuqapha nokwelashwa.

Ezimbalwa ezingenasici, izinkinga ngokuvamile zincane:

• Ukuphatheka kabi: Ezinye iziqongo zingadala ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo noma ukuzwela
• Ukukhathazeka: Ukukhathazeka ngesiqongo kungathinta izinga lempilo yakho
• Ukuphazamisa ama-mammogram: Iziqongo ezinzima noma ezinkulu zingenza ukuhlolwa kube nzima kakhulu
• Ukukhula: Ezinye iziqongo ezingenasici zingakhula zibe nkulu ngokwanele ukudala izinkinga zobuhle

Inkinga enkulu kakhulu engaba khona ukulahlekelwa ukuxilongwa komdlavuza, yingakho ukuhlolwa okufanele kwezokwelapha kubaluleke kangaka. Ezimweni ezingavamile, izimo ezithile ezingenasici njenge-atypical hyperplasia zingakhuphula kancane ingozi yomdlavuza ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ezinye iziqongo ezingenasici, ikakhulukazi ama-fibroadenomas amakhulu, zingase zidinge ukususwa ngokuhlinzwa uma ziqhubeka nokukhula noma zibangela ukuphatheka kabi okukhulu. Kodwa-ke, iningi lezinkinga ezivela eziqongweni zamabele kulula ukuziphatha ngokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okufanele.

Yini ezingase zithathwe njengeziqongo zamabele?

Iziqongo zamabele ngezinye izikhathi zingadidaniswa nokuhlukahluka kwesicubu samabele esivamile noma ezinye izimo. Ukuqonda lezi zinto ezingafani kungakusiza ukuthi uxhumane ngempumelelo nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo.

Iziqongo zamabele ngezinye izikhathi zithathwa njenge:

• Isicubu samabele esivamile: Ikakhulukazi izindawo ezinamaqhuqhuva ngokwemvelo engxenyeni engaphezulu yangaphandle yesifuba
• Izimbambo noma udonga lwesifuba: Umkhawulo we-ribcage yakho ungezwa njengeqhuqhuva eliqinile
• Ukungezwani kwemisipha: Imisipha yesifuba eqinile ingadala izindawo ezizwa zihlukile
• Izitshalo zamabele: Imiphetho noma amafolda ezitshalo angase azizwe njengeziqongo
• Isicubu esilimele: Ukuhlinzwa kwangaphambilini noma ukulimala kungadala izindawo eziqinile

Ngokuphambene, ezinye izimo zingadidaniswa namahlule ebeleni. Ama-lymph nodes avuvukile ngaphansi kwengalo yakho noma eduze kwe-collarbone yakho angazizwa njengamahlule ebeleni. Izimo zesikhumba ezinjengama-cysts noma ama-lipomas endaweni yebhele nazo zingadidaniswa namahlule ezinamathishu ebeleni.

Yingakho ukuhlolwa kochwepheshe kubaluleke kangaka. Abahlinzeki bezempilo baqeqeshwe ukuhlukanisa phakathi kokuhlukahluka okujwayelekile kanye namahlule angempela adinga ukucwaningwa okwengeziwe.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa ngamahlule ebeleni

Q1: Ingabe amahlule ebeleni ahlala eyi-cancer?

Cha, amahlule ebeleni awahlali eyi-cancer. Eqinisweni, cishe ama-80% wamahlule ebeleni awana-benign, okusho ukuthi awana-cancer. Amahlule amaningi abangelwa izinguquko ezijwayelekile emathishwini ebeleni, ama-cysts, noma ukukhula okungana-benign. Kodwa-ke, noma yiliphi ihlule elisha kufanele lihlolwe ngumhlinzeki wezempilo ukuze kutholakale imbangela yalo.

Q2: Ingabe amahlule ebeleni angavela ngobusuku obubodwa?

Yebo, amanye amahlule ebeleni angavela kungazelelwe, ikakhulukazi ama-cysts noma amahlule ahlobene nezinguquko ze-hormonal. Ungase uqaphele ihlule elalingekho ngosuku olwandulela olwalo, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini. Kodwa-ke, ukubonakala kungazelelwe akubonisi ukuthi ihlule liyi-benign noma liyingozi, ngakho-ke lisadinga ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha.

Q3: Ingabe amahlule ebeleni abuhlungu?

Awahlule ebeleni angaba buhlungu, angabi buhlungu, noma athambe uma ethintwa. Amahlule amaningi angama-benign, ikakhulukazi lawo ahlobene nezinguquko ze-hormonal noma ama-cysts, angaba manzi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, amahlule angabuhlungu nawo adinga ukunakwa, njengoba ezinye izimo ezinzima zingabangeli ubuhlungu. Ukuba khona noma ukungabikho kobuhlungu akuthathi isinqumo sokuthi ihlule liyi-benign noma liyakhathaza.

Q4: Ingabe amadoda angaba namahlule ebeleni?

Yebo, amadoda angathuthukisa amahlule ebeleni, nakuba kungavamile kunabesifazane. Amadoda anezicubu zamabele ezingathuthukisa ama-cysts, izimila ezingana-benign, noma ngezikhathi ezithile, umdlavuza. Noma yiliphi ihlule ebeleni lendoda kufanele lihlolwe ngumhlinzeki wezempilo, ikakhulukazi njengoba amadoda ngokuvamile engalindeli izinguquko zamabele futhi angase alibazise ukufuna ukunakekelwa.

Q5: Kufanele ngenze ukuzihlola kwesifuba ukuze ngihlolisise amaqhubu?

Ukuqwashisa ngesifuba kubaluleke kakhulu kunokuzihlola okusemthethweni. Lokhu kusho ukujwayelana nendlela amabele akho avame ukubukeka ngayo nokuzizwa ngayo ukuze ukwazi ukuqaphela izinguquko. Ngenkathi ukuzihlola kwanyanga zonke okuhleliwe kungadingeki, ukwazi izicubu zakho ezivamile zamabele kukusiza ukuthi ubone lapho okuthile kuzizwa kuhluke futhi kudinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha.