Kuyini Ukukhwehlela? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, & Ukwelashwa Kwasekhaya

Ukukhwehlela yindlela yomzimba yakho yemvelo yokususa umphimbo wakho nemigudu yomoya ezinzwaneni, amafinyila, noma izinhlayiya zangaphandle. Kucabange njengendlela yokuhlanza eyakhelwe ngaphakathi yohlelo lwakho lokuphefumula olusiza ukuvikela amaphaphu akho ezintweni eziyingozi.

Ukukhwehlela okuningi kuvamile ngokuphelele futhi kunomsebenzi obalulekile wokuvikela. Umzimba wakho uqala le reflex ngokuzenzakalelayo uma uthola okuthile okungafanele kube semigudwini yakho yomoya, okusiza ukugcina izindima zakho zokuphefumula zihlanzekile futhi ziphilile.

Kuzwakala kanjani ukukhwehlela?

Ukukhwehlela kwenza ukukhipha umoya okungazelelwe, okunamandla emaphaphu akho ngomlomo wakho. Ungase uzwe umuzwa wokuluma emqaleni wakho ngaphambi nje kokuba ukukhwehlela kwenzeke, cishe njengokuluma okudingeka ukuklwebhe.

Okuhlangenwe nakho kungahluka kakhulu kuye ngokuthi yini ekubangelayo. Ukukhwehlela okuthile kuzwakala komile futhi kunokuluma, kanti okunye kukhiqiza amafinyila noma isikhwehlela esivela esifubeni sakho. Ungase uqaphele imisipha yesifuba noma yomphimbo yakho isebenza kanzima ngesikhathi sokukhwehlela.

Ukuqina kungahluka kusukela ekuhlanzeni umphimbo ngobumnene kuya ekukhwehleni okujulile, okushukumisa isifuba okukushiya uzizwa uphelelwe umoya okwesikhashana. Ngezinye izikhathi uzozwa isifiso sokukhwehlela ngokuphindaphindiwe, kanti ngezinye izikhathi kumane nje kube ukukhwehlela okukodwa ngezikhathi ezithile.

Yini ebangela ukukhwehlela?

Ukukhwehlela kwenzeka lapho okuthile kucasula izinzwa ezinemizwa emqaleni wakho, emgudwini womoya, noma emaphaphu. Umzimba wakho uphendula ngokuqala i-reflex yokukhwehlela ukuze ususe noma yini ecasula lezi zindawo.

Nazi izizathu ezivame kakhulu zokuthi kungani ungase uhlakulele ukukhwehlela, kusukela ezinzwaneni zansuku zonke kuya ezimbangela ezingaphansi ezibaluleke kakhulu:

• Ukutheleleka ngamabhayilasi njengomkhuhlane ovamile noma umkhuhlane
• Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane emqaleni noma emaphashini
• Ukungezwani nezinto ezithile ezifana nothuli, uthuli, noma izinwele zezilwane
• Umoya owomile noma izinguquko ezingazelelwe zamazinga okushisa
• Ukubhema noma ukuchayeka entuthwini yabanye abantu
• Amakha aqinile, imikhiqizo yokuhlanza, noma intuthu yamakhemikhali
• I-acid reflux ecasula umphimbo wakho
• Imithi ethile, ikakhulukazi imithi yokwehlisa umfutho wegazi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-ACE inhibitors

Ngenkathi lezi zimbangela ezivamile zibangela iningi lokukhwehlela, kukhona namanye amathuba angavamile kodwa abalulekile okufanele uwaqaphele. Lokhu kungabandakanya isifuba, i-bronchitis engapheli, noma ezimweni ezingavamile, izimo ezingathi sína zamaphaphu ezidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha.

Liyini ikhwehlela eliyisibonakaliso salokhu?

Ikhwehlela livame ukubonisa ukuthi uhlelo lwakho lokuphefumula lubhekene nohlobo oluthile lokucasuka noma ukutheleleka. Ezimweni eziningi, kumane kuyindlela yomzimba wakho yokusabela emakhazeni amancane noma okuthile okwenzeka endaweni okukuzungezile.

Ezikhathini eziningi, ukukhwehlela kuhambisana nalezi zimo ezivamile ezizixazulula zodwa noma ngemithi elula:

• Ukutheleleka okuphezulu kokuphefumula (umkhuhlane ovamile)
• Ukungezwani nezinto ezithile zonyaka noma umkhuhlane wotshani
• Ukuvuvukala komphimbo ngenxa yomoya owomile
• I-Bronchitis (ukuqubuka kwamapayipi omoya)
• I-Sinusitis enokuthontisa ngemuva kwamakhala
• Isifo se-Gastroesophageal reflux (GERD)

Kodwa-ke, ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo ngezinye izikhathi kungabonisa izimo ezidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Lokhu kufaka phakathi isifuba, isifo esingapheli sokuvimbela amaphaphu (COPD), noma umkhuhlane wamaphaphu, ngokuvamile oza nezimpawu ezengeziwe njengokuphefumula kanzima noma ubuhlungu besifuba.

Ezimweni ezingavamile, ukukhwehlela okungapheli kungase kubonise izimo ezingathi sína eziyisisekelo ezifana nomdlavuza wamaphaphu, ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo, noma isifo sofuba. Lezi zimo zivame ukubandakanya ezinye izimpawu ezikhathazayo futhi ngokuvamile zithuthuka kancane kancane emasontweni noma ezinyangeni kunokuthi zivele ngokuzumayo.

Ingabe ikhwehlela linganyamalala ngokwalo?

Yebo, iningi lamakhwekhwe liyanyamalala ngokwemvelo njengoba umzimba wakho welapha kunoma yini ebangela ukucasuka. Amakhwekhwe abangelwa imikhuhlane ejwayelekile ngokuvamile ahlala izinsuku ezingu-7-10, kanti lawo abangelwa izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane angase aqhubeke amasonto angu-2-3.

Inqubo yokuphulukisa yomzimba wakho ngokwemvelo ivame ukunakekela imbangela eyisisekelo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ilwa negciwane noma ivumela izicubu ezivuvukile ukuthi zilulame. Ngesikhathi esinjalo, ikhwekhwe kancane kancane iba ngavamile futhi ibe ngamandla amancane.

Nokho, amanye amakhwekhwe adinga usizo olwengeziwe ukuze anyamalale ngokuphelele. Uma ikhwekhwe lakho liqhubeka ngaphezu kwamasonto amathathu, liba libi kunokuba libe ngcono, noma liphazamisa kakhulu ukulala kwakho noma imisebenzi yansuku zonke, kufanelekile ukuthi umhlinzeki wezempilo abheke.

Ingabe ikhwekhwe lingelashwa kanjani ekhaya?

Imithi eminingana emnene, esebenzayo ingasiza ukuthoba ikhwekhwe lakho futhi isekele inqubo yokuphulukisa yomzimba wakho ngokwemvelo. Lezi zindlela zigxila ekunciphiseni ukucasuka nokugcina umphimbo wakho nemigudu yomoya ikhululekile.

Nawa amakhambi asekhaya azanywayo naqinisekisiwe abantu abaningi abawathola ewusizo:

• Phuza uketshezi oluningi olufudumele njengetiye le-herbal, amanzi afudumele anoju, noma ama-broths acacile
• Sebenzisa i-humidifier noma uphefumule umusi ovela eshaweni elishisayo ukuze ungeze umswakama emoyeni
• Thatha ithisipuni elilodwa loju, ikakhulukazi ngaphambi kokulala (hhayi ezinganeni ezingaphansi konyaka owodwa)
• Gargle ngamanzi anosawoti afudumele ukuze uthobise ukucasuka komphimbo
• Ncela ama-lozenges omphimbo noma amaswidi aqinile ukuze ugcine umphimbo wakho unomswakama
• Phakamisa ikhanda lakho ngenkathi ulele ukuze unciphise ukukhwehlela ebusuku
• Gwema izinto ezicasulayo njengentuthu, amakha aqinile, noma imikhiqizo yokuhlanza

Le mithi isebenza ngokunciphisa ukuvuvukala, ukuhlinzeka ngomswakama ezicutshini ezomile, noma ukusiza ukunciphisa amafinyila ukuze kube lula ukuwahlanza. Khumbula ukuthi ukwelashwa ekhaya kusebenza kahle kakhulu kumakhwekhwe amancane, aqale muva kunalawo angapheli noma aqinile.

Yini ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha kwekhwekhwe?

Ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha kwamakhaza kuncike ngokuphelele kulokho okubangela wona. Udokotela wakho uzogxila ekubhekaneni nesimo esibangela ukukhwehlela kunokumane ucindezele ukukhwehlela uqobo, ngoba ukukhwehlela kuvame ukusebenza njengomsebenzi obalulekile wokuzivikela.

Ngezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, ama-antibiotics angase anqunywe ukususa lesi sifo. Uma izifo ezingapheli zibangela, ama-antihistamines noma ama-spray emakhaleni angasiza ukunciphisa ukusabela okungapheli okubangela ukukhwehlela kwakho.

Lapho i-acid reflux ibangela inkinga, imithi enciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-asidi yesisu inganikeza impumuzo. Ngokukhwehlela okuhlobene nesifuba somoya, ama-bronchodilators noma ama-corticosteroids aphefumulwayo asiza ukuvula imigudu yomoya futhi anciphise ukuvuvukala.

Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela batusa izinto ezicindezela ukukhwehlela ngamakhaza omile, angakhiqizi okungaphazamisi ukulala noma imisebenzi yansuku zonke. Ama-Expectorants angase asikiselwe amakhaza anomkhuhlane, njengoba esiza ukunciphisa izimfihlo futhi azenze zibe lula ukuzisusa.

Ezimweni lapho ukukhwehlela kuvela ezimweni ezingathi sína njenge-pneumonia noma isifo samaphaphu esingapheli, ukwelashwa kuba okukhethekile futhi kungase kufake imithi kadokotela, ukwelashwa kokuphefumula, noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezihloswe ngazo.

Kufanele ngibone nini udokotela ngamakhaza?

Kufanele uthinte umhlinzeki wezempilo uma ukukhwehlela kwakho kuqhubeka amasonto angaphezu kwamathathu noma kubonakala sengathi kuya ngokuya kuba kubi kunokuba ngcono. Lolu hlu lwesikhathi luvumela ukuthi izifo eziningi ezivamile ezibangelwa amagciwane zixazululwe ngokwemvelo.

Ezinye izimpawu kanye nokukhwehlela kwakho kufanele kunakekelwe ngokushesha kwezokwelapha futhi akufanele zinganakwa:

• Ukukhwehlela igazi noma i-sputum eliphinki, elinogwebu
• Ukuphefumula kanzima okukhulu noma ubunzima bokuphefumula
• Umkhuhlane ophezulu (ngaphezu kuka-101°F noma 38.3°C) ongathuthuki
• Ubuhlungu besifuba obuba bukhulu ngokukhwehlela
• Ukuphefumula noma ukwenza imisindo engavamile lapho uphefumula
• Ukuncipha okukhulu kwesisindo kanye nokukhwehlela okungapheli
• Ukukhwehlela okukuvimbela ukuthi ungalali ubusuku obuningi

Ngaphezu kwalokho, funa ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha uma unezimo zezempilo ezingaphansi njenge-asthma, isifo senhliziyo, noma isimiso somzimba esingavikelekile, ngoba lezi zingenza izimpawu zokuphefumula zibe zimbi kakhulu.

Ezinganeni, qaphela izimpawu zokucindezeleka njengobunzima bokuphefumula, ukungakwazi ukukhuluma ngemisho ephelele, noma izindebe eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma izinzipho, okudinga ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo ngokushesha.

Ziyini izici eziyingozi zokuthuthukisa ukukhwehlela?

Izici eziningana zingakwenza ukuthi uthuthukise ukukhwehlela noma uhlangabezane nezigameko zokukhwehlela ezinzima kakhulu. Ukuqonda lokhu kungakusiza ukuthi uthathe izinyathelo zokuvikela impilo yakho yokuphefumula.

Ezinye izici eziyingozi zihlobene nemvelo yakho nezindlela zokuphila:

• Ukubhema noma ukuvezwa njalo intuthu yesibili
• Ukusebenza ezindaweni ezinothuli, amakhemikhali, noma ikhwalithi yomoya embi
• Ukuphila ezindaweni ezinokungcola okuphezulu noma amazinga e-allergen
• Ukuxhumana njalo nabantu abanezifo zokuphefumula
• Ukungalali ngokwanele, okwenza buthaka isimiso sakho somzimba sokuzivikela
• Amazinga okucindezeleka aphezulu angalimaza izivikelo zomzimba wakho

Ezinye izici eziyingozi zihlobene nesimo sakho sempilo nomlando wezokwelapha. Abantu abane-asthma, izifo zokungezwani komzimba, noma izimo ezingapheli zokuphefumula bavame ukukhwehlela kaningi. Labo abanezinhlelo zomzimba ezibuthakathaka ngenxa yokugula noma imithi bangase bathuthukise ukukhwehlela kalula.

Ubudala bungadlala indima - izingane ezincane kakhulu kanye nabantu abadala ngokuvamile bahlangabezana nokukhwehlela okuvame kakhulu noma okunzima ngenxa yokuthuthukisa noma ukwehla kwezinhlelo zokuzivikela ngokulandelana.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingaba khona zokukhwehlela?

Ukukhwehlela okuningi akulimazi futhi kulungisa ngaphandle kokubangela izinkinga ezingapheli. Kodwa-ke, ukukhwehlela okunzima noma okude kungaholela ngezikhathi ezithile ezinkingeni, ikakhulukazi uma imbangela engaphansi ingakhulunywa kahle.

Izinkinga zomzimba ezivela ekukhwehleni okunamandla zingabandakanya ukulimala kwemisipha esifubeni sakho, emhlane, noma endaweni yesisu ngenxa yokuncipha okunamandla. Abanye abantu bahlangabezana nekhanda elibangelwa ukwanda kwengcindezi ngesikhathi sokukhwehlela.

Nazi izinkinga ezingase zivele ekukhwehleni okuqhubekayo noma okukhulu:

• Ukuqhekeka kwamathambo embambo ngenxa yokukhwehlela ngendluzula (okungavamile, ngokuvamile kubantu abadala abanamathambo abuthakathaka)
• Ukungakwazi ukuzibamba ngesikhathi sokukhwehlela okunamandla
• Ukuphazamiseka kokulala okuholela ekukhathaleni nasekungazweli komzimba
• Ukuvuvukala kwentambo yezwi okubangela ukuminyana
• Ukwanda kwezimo ezingaphansi njenge-asthma noma izinkinga zenhliziyo
• Ukuzihlukanisa emphakathini ngenxa yokukhathazeka ngokubhebhethekisa ukugula

Ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu, ukukhwehlela okunamandla kakhulu kungabangela izinkinga ezingathi sína njenge-pneumothorax (iphasha eliwile) noma i-subcutaneous emphysema (umoya obanjwe ngaphansi kwesikhumba). Lezi zinkinga azivamile futhi zivame ukwenzeka kuphela uma kukhona isifo samaphaphu noma ukulimala.

Yini ukukhwehlela okungase kudidaniswe nayo?

Ngezikhathi ezithile lokho okubonakala njengokukhwehlela okulula kungase kube yisimpawu sesimo esihlukile, noma ezinye izimo zingase zididaniswe nesifo esihlobene nokukhwehlela. Lokhu kudideka kungahlehlisa ukwelashwa okufanele uma kungabonwa.

I-Asthma ivame ukuhlolwa ngendlela engafanele njengomkhuhlane ovamile noma i-bronchitis, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni. Umehluko omkhulu ukuthi ukukhwehlela okuhlobene ne-asthma kuvame ukuba kubi ebusuku, ngemithambo, noma ngaphandle kwezinto ezithile ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba.

Isifo se-Gastroesophageal reflux (GERD) singabangela ukukhwehlela okungapheli okuvame ukudidaniswa nezinkinga zokuphefumula. Lolu hlobo lokukhwehlela luvame ukwenzeka ngemva kokudla noma uma ulele phansi, futhi lungase lungasabeli ekwelashweni okujwayelekile kokukhwehlela.

Ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo ngezinye izikhathi kungase kuziveze ngokukhwehlela, ikakhulukazi uma ulele phansi, okungase kudidaniswe nokutheleleka ngamathambo. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuvame ukuhambisana nezinye izimpawu ezinjengokuvuvukala emilenzeni noma ukuphefumula kanzima ngesikhathi semisebenzi ejwayelekile.

Imithi ethile, ikakhulukazi ama-ACE inhibitors asetshenziselwa umfutho wegazi, ingabangela ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo okomile okungase kubangelwe izinto ezithinta imvelo noma ukutheleleka okuphindaphindayo uma ukuxhumana komuthi kungabonwa.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana nokukhwehlela

Ngilindele ukuthi ukukhwehlela kwami ​​kuzohlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Ukukhwehlela okuningi okuvela emakhazeni ajwayelekile kulungiswa phakathi kwezinsuku eziyi-7-10, nakuba okunye kungahlala kuze kube amasonto amathathu njengoba umzimba wakho ululama ngokugcwele. Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane kuvame ukuthuthuka ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemuva kokuqala ama-antibiotics, kuyilapho ukukhwehlela okungokomzimba kungase kuqhubeke uma nje uveziwe ekuthinteni.

Ingabe kungcono ukucindezela ukukhwehlela noma ukukuvumela ukuthi kwenzeke ngokwemvelo?

Kuncike ohlotsheni lokukhwehlela onalo. Ukukhwehlela okukhiqizayo okuletha amafinyila kunenjongo ebalulekile futhi ngokuvamile akufanele kucindezelwe, njengoba kusiza ukususa imigudu yakho yomoya. Ukukhwehlela okomile, okungakhiqizi okungaphazamisa ukulala noma imisebenzi yansuku zonke kuvame ukwelashwa ngokuphephile ngama-suppressants.

Ngingakwazi yini ukuzivocavoca ngikhuwehlela?

Ukuvivinya umzimba okulula kuvame ukulunga uma ukukhwehlela kwakho kulula futhi uzizwa kahle ngenye indlela. Kodwa-ke, gwema ukuzivocavoca okukhulu uma unomkhuhlane, uzizwa ukhathele, noma uma ukuzivocavoca kuqala ukukhwehlela okwengeziwe. Lalela umzimba wakho futhi unciphise umsebenzi uma izimpawu ziba zimbi.

Ingabe zikhona ukudla okungasiza noma okwenza ukukhwehlela kube kubi?

Uketshezi olufudumele njengetiye le-herbal, ama-broths, namanzi anoju kungadambisa ukucasuka komphimbo. Ukudla okunezinongo kungase kwenze ukukhwehlela kube kubi okwesikhashana, kuyilapho imikhiqizo yobisi ingase iqine amafinyila kwabanye abantu, nakuba lokhu kuhluka ngabanye. Ukuhlala unamanzi kahle kubaluleke kakhulu.

Ukukhwehlela kuba nini ukutheleleka?

Uma ukukhwehlela kwakho kubangelwa igciwane noma ukutheleleka ngamabhaktheriya, ngokuvamile utheleleka kakhulu ezinsukwini zokuqala lapho izimpawu ziqina kakhulu. Ngokuvamile uthathwa njengongatheleleki kangako uma umkhuhlane wehla futhi uzizwa ungcono kakhulu, nakuba lokhu kungahluka kuye ngesifo esithile.