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Ukubalwa okuphezulu kwamaseli abomvu egazi, okubizwa nangokuthi i-polycythemia, kwenzeka lapho umzimba wakho wenza amaseli amaningi abomvu egazi noma lapho igazi lakho liba makhulu kunokujwayelekile. Cabanga ngakho njengokuba nezimoto eziningi kakhulu emgwaqweni omkhulu - ithrafikhi iba matasa futhi ayigezi kahle. Lesi simo singathuthuka kancane kancane futhi ngokuvamile asibonwa kuze kube yilapho sitholakala ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwegazi okujwayelekile.
Ukubalwa okuphezulu kwamaseli abomvu egazi kusho ukuthi unamaseli amaningi abomvu egazi azungeza emgudwini wakho wegazi kunalokho okuthathwa njengokujwayelekile ngeminyaka yakho nobulili bakho. Kwabesilisa, ukubalwa okujwayelekile kwamaseli abomvu egazi kusuka ku-4.7 kuya ku-6.1 million cells per microliter, kuyilapho kwabesifazane kuvamile ukuthi kube ngu-4.2 kuya ku-5.4 million cells per microliter.
Lapho ukubalwa kwakho kudlula lawa mazinga, igazi lakho liba makhulu futhi libe viscous. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukuthi inhliziyo yakho ipompe igazi emzimbeni wakho ngempumelelo. Udokotela wakho ukala lokhu ngokusebenzisa ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwegazi (CBC), okuyisampula legazi elilula elinikeza ulwazi olubalulekile ngempilo yakho yonke.
Abantu abaningi abanokubalwa okuphezulu kwamaseli abomvu egazi abazizwa noma yiziphi izimpawu ekuqaleni, yingakho ngokuvamile kutholakala ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwegazi okujwayelekile. Lapho izimpawu zivela, ngokuvamile zithuthuka kancane kancane njengoba igazi lakho liba makhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu ongase uzithole zihlanganisa ukukhathala okuqhubekayo okungathuthuki ngokuphumula, ikhanda elibonakala livame kakhulu kunokujwayelekile, kanye nesiyezi noma ukuzwa ukukhanya lapho usukuma. Ungase futhi uqaphele ukuthi uzizwa uphelelwa umoya ngesikhathi semisebenzi engavamile ukukukhathaza.
Abanye abantu bathuthukisa isikhumba esibomvu, ikakhulukazi ebusweni babo, noma baqaphele ukuthi isikhumba sabo sithola umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kancane ngemilomo noma ngeminwe. Ungase futhi uhlangabezane nokuluma okungavamile, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokugeza ngamanzi afudumele, okwenzeka ngoba igazi elikhulu lithinta ukujikeleza kwegazi esikhumbeni sakho.
Inani eliphezulu lama-red blood cell lingathuthuka ngezizathu eziningana, futhi ukuqonda imbangela kusiza ukunquma indlela engcono yokwelapha. Izimbangela ngokuvamile zihlukaniswa zibe yizigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko: umzimba wakho wenza ama-red blood cell amaningi kakhulu noma igazi lakho lilahlekelwa uketshezi futhi ligxilwe.
Nazi izimbangela ezivame kakhulu eziholela ekunyukeni kwamanani e-red blood cell:
Ngokuvamile, imithi ethile efana ne-testosterone therapy noma izinto zokudopa igazi zingakwazi ukukhulisa ngokuzenzakalelayo ukukhiqizwa kwama-red blood cell. Udokotela wakho uzosebenza nawe ukukhomba ukuthi yisiphi isici esingase sibe nomthelela emazingeni akho aphakeme.
Inani eliphezulu lama-red blood cell lingaba uphawu lwezimo eziningana ezingaphansi, kusukela ezinkingeni ezincane kuya ezinkingeni zempilo ezingathi sína. Okubalulekile ukuthola ukuthi ngabe inani lakho eliphakeme liyisabela entweni esemvelweni wakho noma indlela yokuphila, noma ngabe libonisa isimo sezokwelapha esingaphansi.
Izimo ezivamile ezingabangela inani eliphezulu lama-red blood cell zihlanganisa isifo sokuvimbela umoya esingapheli (COPD), esinciphisa ikhono lamaphaphu akho lokuletha umoya-mpilo egazini lakho. I-Sleep apnea, lapho uyeka ukuphefumula ngesikhashana ngesikhathi sokulala, nayo ingabangela ukuthi umzimba wakho ukhiqize ama-red blood cell amaningi ukuze kubuyiselwe amazinga aphansi omoya-mpilo.
Izimo zenhliziyo ezinjengesifo senhliziyo esizalwe naso noma ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo kungaholela emazingeni aphezulu ama-red blood cell njengoba umzimba wakho uzama ukuthuthukisa ukulethwa komoya-mpilo. Isifo sezinso ngezinye izikhathi sibangela lesi simo ngoba izinso ezilimele zingakhiqiza amahomoni amaningi kakhulu akhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwama-red blood cell.
Ezimweni ezingavamile, inani eliphezulu lama-red blood cell lingabonisa i-polycythemia vera, uhlobo lomdlavuza wegazi lapho umnkantsha wakho wamathambo ukhiqiza amaseli amaningi egazi. Lesi simo asivamile kodwa sidinga ukwelashwa okukhethekile okuvela ku-hematologist. Ezinye izimbangela ezingavamile zihlanganisa imithombo ethile ekhiqiza amahomoni athinta ukukhiqizwa kwama-red blood cell.
Noma ngabe inani eliphezulu lama-red blood cell liyazixazulula ngokwalo kuncike ngokuphelele kulokho okubangela ekuqaleni. Uma inani lakho eliphakeme libangelwa izinto zesikhashana ezinjengokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni noma ukuhamba kwamuva ezindaweni eziphakeme, livame ukubuyela kokujwayelekile uma imbangela engaphansi ixazululwa.
Ngokwesibonelo, uma uke waphelelwa amanzi ngenxa yokugula noma ukuzivocavoca okukhulu, ukuphuza uketshezi oluningi nokuvumela umzimba wakho ukuthi ululame kungasiza ukujwayela inani lakho lamangqamuzana abomvu egazi phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa kuya emavikini. Ngokufanayo, uma usanda kuthutha usuka endaweni ephakeme ukuya ezingeni lolwandle, inani lakho lingancipha kancane kancane emahoreni amaningi njengoba umzimba wakho uzivumela.
Kodwa-ke, uma inani lakho eliphezulu lamangqamuzana abomvu egazi libangelwa isimo esiqhubekayo njenge-sleep apnea, isifo senhliziyo, noma isimo samaphaphu esingamahlalakhona, akunakwenzeka ukuthi lizoxazululwa ngaphandle kokwelashwa okufanele kwenkinga ekhona. Yingakho kubalulekile ukusebenza nodokotela wakho ukukhomba nokubhekana nembangela.
Ngenkathi ungeke ukwazi ukwelapha inani eliphezulu lamangqamuzana abomvu egazi ekhaya, kunezinyathelo eziningana zokusekela ongazithatha ukusiza ukuphatha isimo sakho nokusekela impilo yakho yonke. Lawa maqhinga okunakekela ekhaya asebenza kahle uma ehlanganiswe nokwelashwa okufanele kwezokwelapha.
Ukuhlala unamanzi kahle kungenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ongazenza, njengoba ukushoda kwamanzi kungenza igazi lakho libe minyene nakakhulu. Zama ukuphuza amanzi usuku lonke, futhi unake umbala womchamo wakho - ophuzi ngokukhanyayo ngokuvamile ukhombisa ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi okuhle.
Nawa amaqhinga okuphatha ekhaya angase asekela ukwelashwa kwakho:
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi lezi zinyathelo zasekhaya ziyindlela yokunakekela, hhayi indlela yokwelashwa. Njalo landela izincomo zikadokotela wakho futhi uye emihlanganweni yokulandela njalo ukuze uqaphele isimo sakho.
Ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha kwe-high red blood cell count kugxila ekubhekaneni nesizathu esiyisisekelo nokuphatha izimpawu zakho ukuvimbela izinkinga. Udokotela wakho uzokwenza uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa ngokusekelwe kulokho okubangela amazinga akho aphakeme nokuthi isimo sakho sinzima kangakanani.
Ezimweni ezithambile ezibangelwa izici zokuphila, udokotela wakho angase ancome izinguquko ezifana nokuyeka ukubhema, ukwelapha i-sleep apnea ngomshini we-CPAP, noma ukuphatha izimo zenhliziyo noma zamaphaphu eziyisisekelo. Lezi zindlela zibhekana nembangela, evame ukusiza ukujwayela ukubala kwamaseli akho abomvu egazi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, udokotela wakho angase ancome inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-phlebotomy, efana nokunikela ngegazi. Ngesikhathi sale nqubo, umhlinzeki wezempilo ususa inani elithile legazi emzimbeni wakho, okusiza ukunciphisa ukugxila kwamaseli abomvu egazi. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa ehhovisi lezokwelapha futhi kungase kudingeke ukuthi kuphindwe ngezikhathi ezithile.
Ezimweni ezingavamile njenge-polycythemia vera, udokotela wakho angase anikeze imithi esiza ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwamaseli abomvu egazi emnkantsheni wakho. Le mithi idinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela futhi ngokuvamile iphathwa ochwepheshe ababizwa ngokuthi ama-hematologist.
Kufanele ubone udokotela uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu eziqhubekayo ezingase zibonise ukubala okuphezulu kwamaseli abomvu egazi, ikakhulukazi uma zithinta impilo yakho yansuku zonke. Ungalindi uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezikhathazayo, njengoba ukutholwa kwasekuqaleni nokwelashwa kungavimbela izinkinga.
Hlela i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wakho uma uqaphela ukukhathala okuqhubekayo okungathuthuki ngokuphumula, ukuqaqamba kwekhanda njalo, isiyezi, noma ukuphefumula okungavamile ngesikhathi semisebenzi ejwayelekile. Lezi zimpawu zingabonisa ukuthi igazi lakho aligelezi kahle emzimbeni wakho.
Funana nosizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu zokuxwayisa:
Lezi zimpawu zingabonisa ukuthi inani eliphezulu lamangqamuzana abomvu egazi libangela izinkinga zokujikeleza kwegazi noma ezinye izinkinga ezidinga ukunakwa ngokushesha. Udokotela wakho angasebenzisa izivivinyo zegazi ezilula ukuze ahlolisise amazinga akho futhi anqume inkambo engcono kakhulu yokwenza.
Izici eziningana zingakhuphula amathuba akho okuthuthukisa inani eliphezulu lamangqamuzana abomvu egazi, futhi ukuqonda lezi zici eziyingozi kungakusiza ukuthi uthathe izinyathelo zokuvimbela. Ezinye izici eziyingozi zilawulwa nguwe, kanti ezinye zihlobene nezakhi zofuzo zakho noma umlando wezokwelapha.
Ubudala nobulili kunendima, njengoba inani eliphezulu lamangqamuzana abomvu egazi livamile kubantu abadala futhi livame kancane emadodeni kunabesifazane. Umlando wakho womndeni nawo ubalulekile - uma unezihlobo ezinokuphazamiseka kwegazi noma i-polycythemia vera, ungase ube sengozini enkulu.
Izici zokuphila kanye nezemvelo ezikhuphula ingozi yakho zihlanganisa:
Izimo zezokwelapha ezikhuphula ingozi yakho zihlanganisa izifo ezingapheli zamaphaphu njenge-COPD noma i-emphysema, izimo zenhliziyo ezithinta ukulethwa komoya-mpilo, kanye nesifo sezinso. Uma unesinye salezi zimo, udokotela wakho cishe uzoqapha ukubalwa kwegazi lakho njalo ukuze abambe noma yiziphi izinguquko ekuqaleni.
Ukubalwa okuphezulu kwamaseli abomvu egazi kungaholela ezinkingeni eziningi ezingathi sína uma kungelashwa, ikakhulukazi ngoba igazi eliwugqinsi aligelezi kalula ohlelweni lwakho lokujikeleza kwegazi. Ukuqonda lezi zinkinga ezingaba khona kusiza ukuchaza ukuthi kungani ukwelashwa okufanele kubaluleke kangako.
Izinkinga ezikhathaza kakhulu zihilela amahlule egazi, angakheka kalula uma igazi lakho liwugqinsi kunokujwayelekile. Lawa mahlule angahamba aye ezingxenyeni ezibalulekile zomzimba futhi abangele izinkinga ezisongela impilo njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, ukushaywa unhlangothi, noma ama-pulmonary embolisms (amahule emaphashini akho).
Ezinye izinkinga ezingase zivele ngokuhamba kwesikhathi zihlanganisa:
Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ngemithi efanele nokuqapha, iningi lalezi zinkinga lingavinjelwa. Udokotela wakho uzosebenza nawe ukuze agcine inani lakho lamaseli abomvu egazi lisendaweni enempilo futhi aqaphe noma yiziphi izimpawu zezinkinga.
Inani eliphezulu lamaseli abomvu egazi ngokuvamile alilungile empilweni yakho yonke, yize kungase kubonakale sengathi ukuba namaseli amaningi athwala umoya-mpilo kungaba usizo. Inkinga ukuthi uma unamaseli amaningi abomvu egazi, igazi lakho liba liwugqinsi futhi alihambi kahle ngohlelo lwakho lokujikeleza kwegazi.
Ngenkathi amaseli abomvu egazi ebalulekile ekuthwaleni umoya-mpilo ezicutshini zakho, ukuba namaningi kakhulu kudala isiminyaminya emithanjeni yakho yegazi. Lokhu kuphoqa inhliziyo yakho ukuthi isebenze kanzima ukuphusha igazi emzimbeni wakho wonke, futhi kwandisa ingozi yakho yokuthuthukisa amahlule egazi angabangela izinkinga ezinzima.
Nokho, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi umzimba wakho ngezinye izikhathi ukwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwamaseli abomvu egazi ngezizathu ezinhle, njengokuthi uma uhlala ezindaweni eziphakeme noma unesimo esinciphisa amazinga omoya-mpilo. Ezimweni ezinjalo, inani eliphezulu yimpendulo yomzimba wakho yemvelo yokuqinisekisa ukulethwa komoya-mpilo okwanele.
Okhiye ukuthola ibhalansi efanele nokubhekana nanoma yiziphi izimbangela ezingase zikhuphule inani lakho. Ngokwelashwa okufanele, abantu abaningi abanenani eliphezulu lama-red blood cell bangakwazi ukuphatha isimo sabo ngempumelelo futhi bagcine impilo enhle iyonke.
I-High red blood cell count ingase ididaniswe nezinye izimo eziningana ngoba izimpawu zayo zivame ukungaqondakali futhi zingahambisana nezinkinga eziningi ezivamile zempilo. Yingakho ukuhlolwa kwegazi okufanele kubalulekile ekuxilongweni okunembile.
Ukukhathala nobuthakathaka obuhambisana ne-high red blood cell count kuvame ukudidaniswa ne-anemia, okuyisimo esiphambene lapho unamaseli amancane kakhulu abomvu egazi. Zombili lezi zimo zingakwenza uzizwe ukhathele, kodwa zidinga ukwelashwa okuhlukile ngokuphelele.
Ezinye izimo ezihlanganyela izimpawu ezifanayo zihlanganisa:
Ngezinye izikhathi, izici zesikhashana njengokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni ngenxa yokugula noma ukuzivocavoca okukhulu kungabangela ukuthi inani lakho lama-red blood cell libonakale likhuphukile lapho empeleni lijwayelekile. Yingakho udokotela wakho engase afune ukuphinda ukuhlolwa kwegazi noma ahlolisise isimo sakho samanzi ngaphambi kokwenza ukuxilongwa.
Isikhathi esithathayo ukuthi inani lakho lamaseli abomvu egazi libuyele esimweni esijwayelekile sincike kulokho okubangela ukukhuphuka nokuthi kulashwa kanjani. Uma ukoma kungumphumela, amazinga akho angase abuyele esimweni esijwayelekile ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemva kokuthola uketshezi olwanele. Ukuze kukhushulwe okuhlobene nokuphakama, kuvamile ukuthatha amasonto angu-2-4 ngemva kokubuyela ezingeni lolwandle.
Uma welapha izimo ezingaphansi njenge-sleep apnea noma isifo senhliziyo, kungase kuthathe amasonto amaningana kuya ezinyangeni ukubona ngcono enanini lakho lamaseli abomvu egazi. Uma udinga ukwelashwa nge-phlebotomy, ungase ubone ngcono okwesikhashana ngokushesha, kodwa ukuphathwa okuqhubekayo kuvamile ukuthi kudingeke.
Ngenkathi ukudla kungabangeli ngqo inani eliphezulu lamaseli abomvu egazi, izici ezithile zokudla zingawuthinta umbandela wakho. Ukuhlala unamanzi ngokwanele ngokuphuza amanzi amaningi kubalulekile, njengoba ukoma kungenza igazi lakho ligxile futhi lenze inkinga ibe yimbi.
Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi ukugwema utshwala kuyasiza, ngoba utshwala bungaholela ekomeni. Akukho ukudla okuqondile okuzokwelapha inani eliphezulu lamaseli abomvu egazi, kodwa ukugcina ukudla okunempilo ngokujwayelekile kusekela ikhono lomzimba wakho lokuphendula ekwelashweni.
Ezinye izimbangela zenani eliphezulu lamaseli abomvu egazi zingazuza ngofuzo, ikakhulukazi i-polycythemia vera, okuyisimo sezakhi zofuzo esithinta ukusebenza komnkantsha wamathambo. Kodwa-ke, amacala amaningi enani eliphezulu lamaseli abomvu egazi awazuza ngokuqondile kubazali bakho.
Uma unomlando womndeni wezifo zegazi noma i-polycythemia vera, ungase ube nengozi ephakeme kancane yokuthuthukisa izimo ezifanayo. Udokotela wakho angaxoxa ngokuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo uma kukhona ukukhathazeka ngezici zofuzo esimweni sakho esithile.
Ukucindezeleka ngokwako akuqondile ukubangela ukwanda kwamaseli abomvu egazi, kodwa ukucindezeleka okungapheli kungaba nomthelela ekuziphatheni nasezintweni ezingase zithinte ukubalwa kwegazi lakho. Ngokwesibonelo, ukucindezeleka kungaholela ekubhemeni, ukungalali kahle, noma ukushoda kwamanzi emzimbeni, konke okungathinta ukukhiqizwa kwamaseli abomvu egazi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukucindezeleka kungaqinisa izimo ezingaphansi njenge-sleep apnea noma izinkinga zenhliziyo, ezingathinta ngokuqondile ukubalwa kwamaseli akho abomvu egazi. Ukuphatha ukucindezeleka ngezindlela zokuphumula, ukuzivocavoca, nokulala okwanele kungasekela impilo yakho yonke nokwelashwa.
Akudingeki ngempela ukugwema ukuzivocavoca ngokuphelele, kodwa kufanele uxoxe ngezinga lomsebenzi wakho nodokotela wakho, ikakhulukazi uma ukubalwa kwamaseli akho abomvu egazi kukhuphuke kakhulu. Ukuzivocavoca okulula kuya kokulingene kungasiza ngempela ukuthuthukisa ukujikeleza futhi kungaba usizo empilweni yakho yonke.
Nokho, kufanele ugweme ukuzivocavoca okukhulu noma okude okungase kubeke ingcindezi eyengeziwe ohlelweni lwakho lwe-cardiovascular kuze kube yilapho isimo sakho silawulwa kahle. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi unqume ukuthi yiliphi izinga lomsebenzi eliphephile futhi elifanele isimo sakho esithile.