Yini i-Hypoxemia? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, & Ukwelashwa Kwasekhaya

I-Hypoxemia isho ukuthi unamazinga aphansi kunejwayelekile e-oxygen egazini lakho. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amaphaphu akho engakwazi ukuthola i-oxygen eyanele egazini lakho, noma lapho igazi lakho lingakwazi ukuthwala i-oxygen ngempumelelo ezingxenyeni zomzimba wakho nezicubu.

Cabanga nge-oxygen njengamafutha amaseli omzimba wakho. Uma amazinga e-oxygen egazini ehla ngaphansi kwajwayelekile, umzimba wakho usebenza kanzima ukuze uthole i-oxygen ewudingayo. Nakuba lokhu kuzwakala kuyesabisa, amacala amaningi e-hypoxemia angelashwa ngempumelelo uma imbangela eyisisekelo isitholiwe.

Yini i-Hypoxemia?

I-Hypoxemia yisimo sezokwelapha lapho igazi lakho liqukethe i-oxygen encane kunalokho okufanele libe nakho. Amazinga e-oxygen egazini ajwayelekile ngokuvamile asukela ku-95% kuya ku-100% uma kulinganiswa nge-pulse oximeter.

Uma ukugcwala kwe-oxygen egazini lakho kwehlela ngaphansi kuka-90%, odokotela bakubheka njenge-hypoxemia. Umzimba wakho udinga i-oxygen ukuze usebenze kahle, ngakho-ke uma amazinga ehla, ungaqala ukuzwa izimpawu ezinjengokuphefumula kanzima noma ukukhathala.

Lesi simo sihlukile ku-hypoxia, okubhekisela emazingeni aphansi e-oxygen ezicutshini zomzimba wakho. I-Hypoxemia igxila ngokuqondile kokuqukethwe kwe-oxygen egazini lakho ngaphambi kokuthi kufinyelele ezingxenyeni zomzimba wakho.

Izwakala Kanjani I-Hypoxemia?

Izimpawu zokuqala ze-hypoxemia zivame ukuzwakala sengathi awutholi umoya owanele. Ungase uzibone uphefumula ngokushesha noma uzizwe ukhathele ngesikhathi semisebenzi engakukhathazi ngokujwayelekile.

Abantu abaningi bachaza ukuzizwa sengathi abakwazi ukubamba umoya wabo, ngisho nalapho behlezi buthule. Inhliziyo yakho ingase ishaye ngokushesha njengoba izama ukumpompa igazi elicebile nge-oxygen emzimbeni wakho wonke.

Njengoba i-hypoxemia iqhubeka, ungase uthole izimpawu eziningi eziphawulekayo ezibonisa ukuthi umzimba wakho udinga i-oxygen eyengeziwe:

• Ukuphefumula okuncane noma ubunzima bokuphefumula
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okungajwayelekile
• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukuqina
• Isiyezi noma ukuzwa ukukhanya ekhanda
• Ukudideka noma ubunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo
• Umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezindebeni zakho, ezinzipho, noma esikhumbeni (okubizwa nge-cyanosis)
• Ukukhathala okukhulu noma ubuthakathaka
• Ukukhathala kwekhanda

Lezi zimpawu zingahluka kusuka kokuncane kuya kokukhulu kuye ngokuthi amazinga akho omoya-mpilo ehla kangakanani. Umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ubaluleke kakhulu ukuwubheka, njengoba ngokuvamile ukhombisa i-hypoxemia engathi sína edinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Yini Ebanga I-Hypoxemia?

I-Hypoxemia yenzeka lapho okuthile kuphazamisa ikhono lomzimba wakho lokuthola umoya-mpilo emaphashini akho ungene egazini lakho. Lokhu kungenzeka ngezizathu ezihlukahlukene, kusukela ezimweni zesikhashana kuya ezinkingeni zempilo ezingapheli.

Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu zihilela izinkinga ngamaphaphu akho, inhliziyo, noma umoya owuphefumulayo. Ake sibheke izindlela ezihlukene i-hypoxemia engenzeka ngazo:

Izimbangela ezihlobene namaphaphu yizona ezivame kakhulu ngemuva kwe-hypoxemia:

• I-Pneumonia noma ezinye izifo zamaphaphu
• Ukuhlaselwa kwe-Asthma okuvinjelayo imigudu yakho yomoya
• Isifo esingapheli sokuvinjwa kwamaphaphu (COPD)
• I-Pulmonary embolism (igazi eligqamukile emaphashini)
• Uketshezi emaphashini (i-pulmonary edema)
• Iphaphu eliwile (i-pneumothorax)
• Ukungezwani komzimba okukhulu okuthinta ukuphefumula

Izimbangela ezihlobene nenhliziyo zingavimbela igazi elinothile ngomoya-mpilo ukuthi lingajikelezi kahle:

• Ubuthakathaka benhliziyo obuzalwa nayo
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo
• I-anemia engathi sína (inani eliphansi lamangqamuzana abomvu egazi)

Izinto zemvelo nazo zingaba nomthelela ku-hypoxemia:

• Ukuphakama okuphezulu lapho amazinga omoya-mpilo ephansi ngokwemvelo
• Ubuthi be-carbon monoxide
• Ukuphefumula intuthu noma amanye amagesi ayingozi

Ngesinye isikhathi, izimo ezingavamile ezinjenge-sleep apnea noma imithi ethile nayo ingaholela ku-hypoxemia. Ukuqonda imbangela kusiza odokotela ukuthi bakhethe indlela yokwelapha esebenza kahle kakhulu.

Iyini i-Hypoxemia Isibonakaliso noma Isimpawuli Sani?

I-Hypoxemia ivame ukubonisa isimo sempilo esingaphansi esidinga ukunakekelwa. Esikhundleni sokuba yisifo ngokwaso, ngokuvamile yindlela yomzimba wakho yokukutshela ukuthi kukhona okuthinta ikhono lakho lokuthola umoya-mpilo owanele.

Ngokuvamile, i-hypoxemia ikhomba inkinga ngohlelo lwakho lokuphefumula. Izimo ezinjengomdlavuza wamaphaphu, isifuba somoya, noma i-COPD zingabangela ukuthi amazinga akho omoya-mpilo ehlise ngaphansi kwamazinga avamile.

Nazi izimo eziyinhloko i-hypoxemia engase ikhombise zona:

Izimo zokuphefumula yizona ezivame kakhulu ukuba yizimbangela ezingaphansi:

• I-Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
• I-Bronchitis noma i-bronchiolitis
• Isifo samaphaphu esiphakathi
• Umkhuhlane wamaphaphu
• Umkhuhlane wamaphaphu onzima
• I-Pulmonary fibrosis

Izimo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi nazo zingaholela ku-hypoxemia:

• Ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo
• I-Pulmonary hypertension
• Isifo senhliziyo esizalwe nayo
• I-Pulmonary embolism enkulu

Izimo ezingavamile ezingase zibangele i-hypoxemia zihlanganisa:

• I-Kyphoscoliosis enzima (ukugoba komgogodla okuthinta ukuphefumula)
• Izifo ze-Neuromuscular ezithinta imisipha yokuphefumula
• Ukweqisa kwemithi okuthinta uhlelo lokuphefumula
• Ukuwohloka okukhulu kodonga lwesifuba

Udokotela wakho uzosebenza ukukhomba isimo esithile esibangela i-hypoxemia yakho. Lokhu kubasiza ukuthi bakhe uhlelo lokwelapha olubhekana namazinga akho omoya-mpilo kanye nenkinga engaphansi.

Ingabe i-Hypoxemia inganyamalala yodwa?

I-hypoxemia encane evela ezimweni zesikhashana ingase ithuthuke yodwa njengoba umzimba wakho welapha. Isibonelo, uma unokutheleleka kokuphefumula, amazinga akho omoya-mpilo angase abuyele kwavamile njengoba ukutheleleka kuqeda.

Noma kunjalo, i-hypoxemia ngokuvamile idinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ukuze kulungiswe imbangela eyinhloko. Ukulinda ukuthi i-hypoxemia enzima izixazulule yona ngokwayo kungaba yingozi, njengoba izitho zakho zidinga umoya-mpilo owanele ukuze zisebenze kahle.

Ezinye izimo lapho i-hypoxemia ingathuthuka ngokwemvelo zihlanganisa ukugula okuncane okuphakeme lapho ubuyela emazingeni aphansi, noma izifo zokuphefumula ezincane kubantu abanempilo. Noma kunjalo, ukuqapha izimpawu zakho namazinga omoya-mpilo kubalulekile.

Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezinjengokuphefumula kanzima kakhulu, ubuhlungu besifuba, noma ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba, ungalindi ukuthi lezi zithuthuke zodwa. Lezi zimpawu zibonisa ukuthi umzimba wakho udinga usizo oluphuthumayo lokuthola umoya-mpilo owengeziwe.

Ingelashwa Kanjani I-Hypoxemia Ekhaya?

Ngenkathi i-hypoxemia enzima idinga ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha, kunezinyathelo zokusekela ongazithatha ekhaya ezimweni ezithambile, ngaso sonke isikhathi ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwezokwelapha.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukulandela izincomo zikadokotela wakho futhi uqaphele izimpawu zakho ngokucophelela. Ukwelashwa ekhaya kufanele kugcwalise, hhayi ukushintsha, ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okuchwepheshile.

Nawa amanye amasu okusekela angasiza nge-hypoxemia ethambile:

• Phumula endaweni enethezekile, eqondile ukuze usize ukuphefumula kwakho
• Zijwayeze ukuzivocavoca kokuphefumula okuhamba kancane, okujulile uma kunconywe udokotela wakho
• Hlala unamanzi ngokuphuza uketshezi oluningi
• Sebenzisa i-humidifier ukuze ugcine umoya unomswakama uma unezinkinga zokuphefumula
• Gwema intuthu, amakhemikhali aqinile, noma ezinye izinto ezicasulayo emoyeni
• Thatha imithi echaziwe ngendlela eqondile

Uma udokotela wakho ekunikeze i-pulse oximeter, yisebenzise ukuqapha amazinga akho omoya-mpilo njalo. Gcina irekhodi lokufunda kwakho ukuze wabelane ngalo nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo.

Khumbula ukuthi ukwelashwa ekhaya kufanele kuphela ezimweni ezithambile ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwezokwelapha. Ungalokothi uzame ukwelapha i-hypoxemia enzima ekhaya, ngoba lokhu kungaba yingozi empilweni.

Yini Ukwelashwa Kwezokwelapha Kwe-Hypoxemia?

Ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha kwe-hypoxemia kugxila ekwandiseni amazinga akho omoya-mpilo egazini ngenkathi kubhekwana nembangela eyisisekelo. Udokotela wakho uzokhetha ukwelashwa ngokusekelwe ekutheni i-hypoxemia yakho inzima kangakanani nokuthi yini eyibangelayo.

Umgomo osheshayo ukubuyisela amazinga akho omoya-mpilo ebangeni elijwayelekile. Lokhu kuvame ukubandakanya ukuhlinzeka ngomoya-mpilo owengeziwe ngenkathi welapha isimo esibangela le nkinga.

Ukwelashwa ngomoya-mpilo yikho ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kwe-hypoxemia:

• I-Nasal cannula yezimo ezithambile
• Imaski yomoya-mpilo ye-hypoxemia emaphakathi
• Izinhlelo zomoya-mpilo ezinokugeleza okuphezulu zezimo ezinzima
• Ukungenisa umoya ngomshini we-hypoxemia esongela impilo

Imithi iqondise imbangela eyisisekelo:

• Ama-Bronchodilators ukuvula imigudu yomoya ku-asthma noma i-COPD
• Ama-Antibiotics ezifo zamagciwane
• Ama-Corticosteroids ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala
• Ama-Diuretics ukususa uketshezi oluningi emaphashini
• Izinciphisi zegazi ze-pulmonary embolism

Ukwelashwa okuthuthukile kwezimo ezinzima kungabandakanya:

• I-Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)
• I-Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) yezimo eziqine kakhulu
• Ukwelashwa ngokuhlinzwa ukulungisa izinkinga zesakhiwo

Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizobheka intuthuko yakho ngokucophelela futhi lilungise ukwelashwa njengoba kudingeka. Umgomo uwukubuyisela amazinga omoya-mpilo ajwayelekile ngenkathi welapha isimo esiyisisekelo.

Kufanele ngibone nini udokotela nge-Hypoxemia?

Kufanele ufune ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nobunzima obukhulu bokuphefumula noma izimpawu zamazinga aphansi omoya-mpilo. Ezinye izimpawu zidinga ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo, kanti ezinye zidinga ukuvakashelwa ngokushesha udokotela.

Shayela u-911 noma uye egumbini eliphuthumayo ngokushesha uma uqaphela lezi zimpawu zokuxwayisa:

• Ukuphefumula kanzima kakhulu noma ukuphefumulela umoya
• Umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngasemlonyeni wakho, izinzipho, noma ubuso
• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukucindezela
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo nesiyezi
• Ukudideka noma ubunzima bokuhlala uqwashile
• Ukungakwazi ukukhuluma ngemisho ephelele ngenxa yokuphelelwa umoya

Hlela i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezithambile ezikukhathazayo:

• Ukunqamuka komoya okuqhubekayo ngesikhathi semisebenzi ejwayelekile
• Ukhwehlela okuqhubekayo nobunzima bokuphefumula
• Ukukhathala okungavamile noma ubuthakathaka
• Ikhanda elivame ukuba khona nezinkinga zokuphefumula
• Ukuqina kwezimpawu zezimo zamaphaphu ezikhona

Unganqikazi ukufuna ukunakekelwa kwezempilo uma ungaqiniseki ngezimpawu zakho. Kuhlale kungcono ukuthi udokotela ahlulele izinkinga zakho zokuphefumula kunokulinda futhi okungenzeka ukuthi uthole izinkinga.

Ziyini Izici Zengozi Zokuthuthukisa I-Hypoxemia?

Izici eziningana zingakhuphula amathuba akho okuthuthukisa i-hypoxemia. Ezinye izici eziyingozi ongazilawula, kanti ezinye zihlobene nomlando wakho wezempilo noma izakhi zofuzo.

Ukuqonda lezi zici eziyingozi kukusiza wena nodokotela wakho ukuthi uthathe izinyathelo zokuvimbela i-hypoxemia noma ukuyibamba kusenesikhathi uma ithuthuka.

Izimo zezokwelapha ezikhuphula ingozi yakho zihlanganisa:

• Izifo zamaphaphu ezingapheli njenge-COPD noma isifuba somoya
• Izimo zenhliziyo ezithinta ukujikeleza kwegazi
• I-Sleep apnea noma ezinye izifo zokulala
• I-Anemia noma izifo zegazi
• Ukuwohloka kodonga lwesifuba
• Izifo ze-neuromuscular ezithinta ukuphefumula

Izici zokuphila ezingaba nomthelela engozini ye-hypoxemia:

• Ukubhema noma ukuchayeka entuthwini yesibili
• Ukusebenza ngezinto ezicasula amaphaphu noma amakhemikhali
• Ukuphila ezindaweni eziphakeme
• Ukuphila ngendlela yokungasebenzi okuholayo empilweni embi yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi

Ubudala nezinye izici nazo zidlala indima:

• Ukuba neminyaka engaphezu kwengama-65 ubudala
• Ukuba nesistimu yokuzivikela komzimba ebuthakathaka
• Ukwenziwa umsebenzi wokuhlinzwa kwamuva, ikakhulukazi izinqubo zesifuba noma zesisu
• Umlando womndeni wesifo samaphaphu noma senhliziyo

Uma unezici eziningi eziyingozi, sebenzisana nodokotela wakho ukuze uqaphele impilo yamaphaphu akho futhi uphathe noma yiziphi izimo ezingaphansi ngempumelelo.

Ziyini Izinkinga Ezingase Zibe Khona Ze-Hypoxemia?

I-hypoxemia engelashwanga ingaholela ezinkingeni ezingathi sína ngoba izitho zakho zidinga umoya-mpilo owanele ukuze zisebenze kahle. Ubunzima bezinkinga buxhomeke ekutheni amazinga akho omoya-mpilo ehla kangakanani nokuthi ahlala isikhathi esingakanani ephansi.

Ubuchopho bakho nenhliziyo yakho bazwela kakhulu emazingeni aphansi omoya-mpilo. Ngisho nezikhathi ezimfushane ze-hypoxemia enzima zingabangela umonakalo ohlala njalo kulezi zitho ezibalulekile.

Izinkinga eziphuthumayo ezivela ku-hypoxemia enzima zihlanganisa:

• Ushintsho esimweni sengqondo noma ukudideka
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile (arrhythmias)
• Ukwehla kwengcindezi yegazi okuyingozi
• Ukulahlekelwa ukwazi
• Ukwehluleka ukuphefumula okudinga ukungeniswa komoya ngomshini

Izinkinga zesikhathi eside ezivela ku-hypoxemia engapheli zingase zivele ngokuhamba kwesikhathi:

• I-Pulmonary hypertension (umfutho wegazi ophezulu emithanjeni yamaphaphu)
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo kwesokudla ngenxa yokucindezeleka enhliziyweni
• Ukuwohloka kwengqondo noma izinkinga zenkumbulo
• Ingozi eyengeziwe yokutheleleka
• Ukuphola kwamanxeba okungahambi kahle

Izinkinga ezingavamile kodwa ezingathi sína zingenzeka nge-hypoxemia enzima, ende:

• Ukwehluleka kwezitho ezithinta izinso, isibindi, noma ubuchopho
• Isifo sohlangothi esivela emoyeni-mpilo onganele ezicutshini zobuchopho
• Ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo ezimweni ezinzima
• Umonakalo wemithambo yegazi unomphela

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ukwelashwa okusheshayo kwe-hypoxemia kungavimbela iningi lezinkinga. Ukungenelela kwasekuqaleni kusiza ukuvikela izitho zakho futhi kuthuthukisa isibikezelo sakho esiphelele.

Yini I-Hypoxemia Engase Iphuthelwe Ngayo?

Izimpawu ze-Hypoxemia zingahambisana nezinye izimo eziningi, okwenza ngezinye izikhathi kuphuze ukuxilongwa. Ukuphefumula okuncane nokukhathala okuhambisana namazinga aphansi e-oxygen kungalingisa izinkinga eziningi ezivamile zempilo.

Yingakho odokotela bevame ukusebenzisa i-pulse oximetry kanye nokuhlolwa kwegazi ukukala amazinga e-oxygen ngokuqondile, kunokuthembela kuphela ezimpawini zokuxilongwa.

Ukukhathazeka nokuphatheka kabi kuvame ukubangela izimpawu zokuphefumula ezifanayo:

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• Ukuphuma umoya noma ukuzwa sengathi awukwazi ukuphefumula
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• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo nokuqina kwesifuba
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• Isiyezi noma ukuzwa ukukhanya ekhanda
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• Umuzwa wokubhujiswa okuzayo
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Izimo zenhliziyo zingase futhi ziveze izimpawu ezihambisanayo:

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• Ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo okubangela ukuphefumula okuncane
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• Izimpawu zokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo ezihlanganisa ubuhlungu besifuba nokuphefumula
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• Ama-Arrhythmias abangela ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile nokukhathala
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Ezinye izimo ezingase zixutshwe ne-hypoxemia zihlanganisa:

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• Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni okubangela isiyezi nobuthakathaka
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• I-Anemia eholela ekukhathaleni nasesikhumbeni esiphaphathekile
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• Izifo ze-thyroid ezithinta amazinga wamandla
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• I-Chronic fatigue syndrome
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• Ukucindezeleka okubangela ukukhathala okuqhubekayo
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Umehluko omkhulu ukuthi i-hypoxemia izokhombisa amazinga aphansi e-oxygen ku-pulse oximetry noma ekuhlolweni kwegesi yegazi. Udokotela wakho angasebenzisa lezi zilinganiso eziqondile ukuhlukanisa i-hypoxemia kwezinye izimo ezinzima ezifanayo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Hypoxemia

Umbuzo: Ungaba ne-hypoxemia ngaphandle kokuyazi?

Yebo, i-hypoxemia emnene ngezinye izikhathi ingathuthuka kancane kancane ngaphandle kwezimpawu ezisobala, ikakhulukazi kubantu abanezimo ezingapheli zamaphaphu. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi

Umzimba wakho ungaqhela emazingeni e-oksijini ancipha kancane kancane, ufihle izimpawu kuze kube yilapho i-hypoxemia iba nzima kakhulu. Lokhu kuvamile ikakhulukazi ezimweni ezinjenge-COPD noma i-pulmonary fibrosis.

Umbuzo: I-hypoxemia ingathuthuka ngokushesha kangakanani?

I-Hypoxemia ingathuthuka ngokushesha ngemizuzu ngesikhathi sezigameko ezinjengezinhlaselo ze-asthma noma i-pulmonary embolism. Ingathuthuka futhi kancane kancane ezinsukwini noma emasontweni ngezimo ezinjenge-pneumonia noma ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo.

Ukushesha kokuthuthuka kuvame ukunquma ukuthi izimpawu zakho zizoba nzima kangakanani. I-hypoxemia eqala ngokushesha ngokuvamile ibangela izimpawu eziqaphelekayo kunezimpawu ezithuthuka kancane kancane.

Umbuzo: Ingabe i-hypoxemia ihlala ibucayi?

Akuyona yonke i-hypoxemia esongela impilo ngokushesha, kodwa kufanele ihlale ihlolwa nguchwepheshe wezempilo. I-hypoxemia encane evela ezimweni zesikhashana ezinjengezifo zokuphefumula ezincane zingase zixazululwe ngokwelashwa okufanele.

Nokho, i-hypoxemia enzima noma i-hypoxemia eqhubekayo ingaba yingozi futhi idinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo. Okubalulekile ukuhlonza imbangela eyisisekelo nokuyelapha ngendlela efanele.

Umbuzo: Ingabe ukuzivocavoca kungasiza nge-hypoxemia?

Ukuzivocavoca okulula kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni ukujikeleza kwegazi nomsebenzi wamaphaphu kwabanye abantu abanezimo ezingapheli, kodwa lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kwezokwelapha kuphela. Ukuzivocavoca ngesikhathi se-hypoxemia ebukhali kungaba yingozi futhi kwenze isimo sakho sibe sibi kakhulu.

Udokotela wakho angase ancome amazinga omsebenzi afanele ngokuya ngesimo sakho esithile kanye namazinga akho e-oksijini njengamanje. Abanye abantu bangazuza ezinhlelweni zokuvuselela amaphaphu ezihlanganisa ukuzivocavoca okuqondisiwe.

Umbuzo: Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-hypoxemia ne-hypoxia?

I-Hypoxemia ibhekisela ngokuqondile emazingeni aphansi e-oksijini egazini lakho, kuyilapho i-hypoxia ibhekisela emazingeni aphansi e-oksijini ezicutshini zomzimba wakho. I-Hypoxemia ivame ukuholela ku-hypoxia, kodwa ungaba ne-hypoxia yezicubu ngaphandle kwe-hypoxemia yegazi ezimweni ezithile.

Zombili lezi zimo zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha, kodwa zilinganiswa futhi ziphathwe ngendlela ehlukile. Udokotela wakho uzoqaphela ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwesimo esinokushoda komoya onaso ngokusekelwe ezivivinyweni nasezimpawini.