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October 10, 2025
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Ukulahlekelwa yiphunga, okubizwa ngokuthi i-anosmia ngokwezokwelapha, kusho ukuthi awukwazi ukuthola iphunga elikuzungezile. Lesi simo esivamile sithinta izigidi zabantu futhi singahluka kusukela ekuphazamisekeni kwesikhashana kuya ekushintsheni okuhlala isikhathi eside empilweni yakho yansuku zonke. Umqondo wakho wokuhogela uhlobene kakhulu nokunambitheka, inkumbulo, nokuphepha, ngakho-ke uma kuthintekile, ungase uqaphele izinguquko endleleni ozwa ngayo ukudla, uthole izingozi ezinjengentuthu, noma ukhumbule izinkumbulo ezithile.
Ukulahlekelwa yiphunga kwenzeka lapho ikhala lakho lingakwazi ukuthatha ama-molecule e-scent emoyeni okuzungezile. Cabanga ngekhala lakho njengelinama-receptor amancane e-smell avamile ukubamba la ma-molecule bese ethumela amasignali ebuchosheni bakho. Uma lolu hlelo luphazamisekile, ungase ulahlekelwe umuzwa wakho wokuhogela ngokwengxenye noma ngokuphelele.
Kunezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko zokulahlehelwa yiphunga. I-anosmia ephelele isho ukuthi awukwazi ukuhogela lutho, kanti i-anosmia engaphelele, ebizwa nge-hyposmia, isho ukuthi umuzwa wakho wokuhogela ubuthakathaka kodwa usakhona. Abanye abantu futhi bahlangabezana nephunga elihlanekezelwe, lapho ama-scent ajwayelekile enuka ngendlela ehlukile noma engathandeki.
Uma ulahlekelwa umuzwa wakho wokuhogela, ungase uqale uqaphele ukuthi ukudla kunambitheka kamnandi noma ngendlela ehlukile. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba iphunga nokunambitheka kusebenza ngokubambisana, futhi cishe u-80% walokho esikucabangayo njengokuthi “ukunambitheka” empeleni kuvela ekuphungeni. Ungase uzithole wengeza usawoti noma izinongo eziningi ekudleni ngaphandle kokuthola ukwaneliseka okujwayelekile.
Ngaphandle kokudla, ungase uzizwe uqhelelwe emvelweni yakho ngezindlela ezicashile. Iphunga eliduduzayo lekhofi ekuseni, iphunga elisha ngemva kwemvula, noma ngisho nokuthola lapho kusha okuthile ekhishini konke kuba yinselele. Abanye abantu bachaza ukuzizwa sengathi baphila ngemuva kwesithiyo esingabonakali.
Ungase futhi uqaphele izinguquko ekuphenduleni kwakho ngokomzwelo. Amakha athile abangela izinkumbulo ezinamandla nemizwa, ngakho ukulahlekelwa yile ndlela kungenza ukuthi okuhlangenwe nakho kuzizwe kungacacile noma kungasho lutho. Ungakhathazeki nokho - kubantu abaningi, le mizwa iyathuthuka njengoba umuzwa wokuhogela ubuyela noma njengoba uzivumelanisa noshintsho.
Ukulahlekelwa ukuhogela kungase kuvele ngezizathu eziningana ezihlukene, kusukela ezinkingeni zesikhashana kuya ezimweni eziqhubekayo. Ukuqonda ukuthi yini engase ibe ngemuva kwezimpawu zakho kungakusiza kanye nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuthi unqume indlela engcono kakhulu yesimo sakho.
Nazi izimbangela ezivame kakhulu ongahlangabezana nazo:
Ezinye izimbangela ezingavamile kodwa ezibalulekile zihlanganisa izimo ze-neurological njengesifo sikaParkinson noma i-Alzheimer's, izifo ze-autoimmune, noma ngokungavamile, izimila zobuchopho. Lezi zimo zivame ukuza nezinye izimpawu, ngakho udokotela wakho angasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi ngabe ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo kuyadingeka yini.
Ukulahlekelwa ukuhogela kungaba yinkinga ezimele yodwa noma kukhombise izimo zempilo ezingaphansi ezidinga ukunakwa. Ezikhathini eziningi, kuhlobene nezinkinga zesikhashana emakhaleni akho noma kuma-sinus, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kubonisa okuthile okubaluleke kakhulu okwenzeka emzimbeni wakho.
Ezimweni zokuphefumula nezamakhala, ukulahlekelwa yiphunga kuvame ukuvela kanye nokuminyana, ikhala eligobayo, noma ukucindezela ebusweni. Ukutheleleka ngamabhayilasi, okuhlanganisa i-COVID-19, kuvamile ukubangela ukulahlekelwa yiphunga okungahlala amasonto noma izinyanga ngemuva kokuthi ezinye izimpawu ziqede. Izinkinga ezingapheli ze-sinus noma izifo ezingapheli zokungezwani komzimba nazo zinganciphisa kancane kancane umuzwa wakho wokuhogela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Kwezinye izimo, ukulahlekelwa yiphunga kungaba uphawu lokuqala lwezimo ze-neurological. Isifo sikaParkinson kanye nesifo sika-Alzheimer ngezinye izikhathi siqala ngezinguquko ekuphungeni iminyaka ngaphambi kokuthi ezinye izimpawu zivele. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuvamile, futhi ukulahlekelwa yiphunga ngokwalo akusho ukuthi unezimo lezi.
Ezinye izimo zempilo ezingase zithinte iphunga zihlanganisa isifo sikashukela, isifo sezinso, izinkinga zesibindi, noma izifo ze-autoimmune. Uma ukulahlekelwa kwakho yiphunga kuza nezinye izimpawu ezikhathazayo njengezinkinga zememori, ukuthuthumela, noma izinguquko ezinkulu empilweni yakho, kufanelekile ukuxoxa nodokotela wakho ukuze unqande lezi zinto ezingenzeka.
Yebo, ukulahlekelwa yiphunga kuvame ukuthuthuka ngokwalo, ikakhulukazi uma kubangelwa izimo zesikhashana njengokutheleleka ngamabhayilasi noma ukuminyana kwamakhala. Isikhathi sokululama singahluka kakhulu kuye ngokuthi yini ebangela izimpawu zakho nokuthi umzimba wakho usabela kanjani ekwelashweni.
Ngokulahlekelwa yiphunga okuvela emakhazeni noma umkhuhlane, ungase uqaphele ukuthuthuka ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kuya emasontweni njengoba ukuvuvukala emaphasishi akho amakhala kwehla. Ukulahlekelwa yiphunga elihlobene ne-COVID kungathatha isikhathi eside, abanye abantu belulama emasontweni kuyilapho abanye bedinga izinyanga eziningana. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi abantu abaningi babona okungenani ukuthuthuka okuthile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Uma ukulahlekelwa kwakho yiphunga kuvela ekuvinjelweni kwamaphasishi amakhala ngenxa yokungezwani komzimba, ama-polyps, noma izifo ze-sinus, ukwelapha imbangela ekhona kuvame ukusiza ukubuyisela umuzwa wakho wokuhogela. Kodwa-ke, uma ukulahlekelwa kuhlobene nokulimala kwemizwa okuvela ekulimaleni ekhanda noma imithi ethile, ukululama kungase kube kancane noma ngezinye izikhathi kungaphelele.
Ukulahlekelwa iphunga okuhlobene nobudala kuvame ukuba kancane kancane futhi kungase kungabuyeli ngokugcwele, kodwa zikhona izindlela zokusebenza nalezi zinguquko. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo angakusiza ukuthi uqonde okulindelekile ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho esithile futhi akuqondise ngezinketho zokusekela ukululama.
Ziningi izindlela ezithambile ongazama ekhaya ukusekela umuzwa wakho wephunga, ikakhulukazi uma ukulahlekelwa kwakho kuhlobene nokuminyana noma ukuvuvukala. Lezi zindlela zisebenza kahle kakhulu uma zihlanganiswe nokubekezela, njengoba ukululama kwephunga kuvame ukuthatha isikhathi.
Nawa amanye amakhambi asekhaya angasiza isimo sakho:
Ukuqeqeshwa kwephunga kufanele kuqashelwe ngoba kukhombise isithembiso sokusiza abantu ukuthi babuyisele umuzwa wabo wephunga. Lokhu kuhilela ukuhogela amaphunga amane ahlukene aqinile kabili ngosuku izinyanga eziningana. Izinketho ezivamile zihlanganisa i-rose, ilamula, i-eucalyptus, ne-clove, kodwa unga sebenzisa noma yimaphi amaphunga ahlukile, amnandi onawo.
Ngenkathi lezi zindlela zasekhaya zingasiza, zisebenza kahle kakhulu njengengxenye yohlelo olubanzi olungase luhlanganise ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha. Uma ukulahlekelwa kwakho iphunga kuqhubeka noma kuba kubi kakhulu, kubalulekile ukuxhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi awuphuthelwa lutho olubalulekile.
Ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha kokulahlekelwa iphunga kuncike kulokho okubangela izimpawu zakho, futhi udokotela wakho uzosebenza nawe ukuthola indlela efanele kakhulu. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi izimbangela eziningi zokulahlekelwa iphunga ziphendula kahle ekwelashweni okuqondiwe uma inkinga eyisisekelo isitholiwe.
Ngenxa yokulahlekelwa iphunga okuhlobene nokuvuvukala, udokotela wakho angase anqume ukufafaza kwe-nasal corticosteroid noma ama-steroid omlomo ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala emakhaleni akho. Le mithi ingasebenza kahle uma isetshenziswa ngendlela efanele nangokuqhubekayo. Uma ukutheleleka ngamagciwane kuhilelekile, ama-antibiotics angase anconywe ukususa ukutheleleka.
Lapho ukuvaleka kwamakhala njengama-polyps noma izinkinga zesakhiwo kuyimbangela, udokotela wakho angase axoxe ngezinketho zokuhlinzwa. Lezi zinqubo zingavula amakhala akho futhi zivumela umoya ukuthi ufinyelele izinzwa zakho zephunga ngempumelelo. Iningi lalokhu kuhlinzwa kuyizinqubo zokugula ngaphandle kokulaliswa esibhedlela ezinamazinga aphumelelayo amahle.
Ngenxa yokulahlekelwa iphunga okuhlobene nemithi, udokotela wakho angase alungise imiyalelo yakho yamanje noma aphakamise ezinye izindlela ezingawuthinti umuzwa wakho wephunga. Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha imithi enqunyiwe ngaphandle kokukhuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo kuqala, njengoba bengakusiza ukuthi ulinganise izinzuzo nezingozi zanoma yiziphi izinguquko.
Ezimweni lapho kulindeleke khona ukulimala kwemizwa, ukwelashwa kugxila ekusekeleni inqubo yokuphulukisa nasekuphatheni izimpawu. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukwelashwa okukhethekile, ukusekelwa kokudla okunomsoco, noma ukudluliselwa kochwepheshe abasebenza ngokuqondile ngezinkinga zephunga nokunambitheka.
Kufanele ucabangele ukubona udokotela uma ukulahlekelwa kwakho iphunga kuqhubeka ngaphezu kwamasonto amabili noma kuza nezinye izimpawu ezikhathazayo. Ngenkathi izimo eziningi zokulahlekelwa iphunga zizixazulula zodwa, izimpawu eziqhubekayo zifanelwe ukunakwa kwezokwelapha ukuze kuqedwe izimo eziyisisekelo futhi kuhlolwe izinketho zokwelapha.
Nazi izimo lapho ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha kubaluleke kakhulu:
Unganqikazi ukufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma ukhathazekile ngezimpawu zakho noma uma zithinta impilo yakho yansuku zonke kakhulu. Udokotela wakho angasebenzisa izivivinyo ukuthola imbangela futhi ancome ukwelashwa okufanele ukusiza ukubuyisela umuzwa wakho wephunga.
Izici eziningana zingakhuphula amathuba akho okuba nokulahleka kwephunga, nakuba ukuba nezici eziyingozi akusho ukuthi nakanjani uzothuthukisa izinkinga. Ukuqonda lezi zici kungakusiza ukuthi uthathe izinyathelo zokuvikela umuzwa wakho wephunga uma kungenzeka.
Ubudala buyinye yezici eziyingozi kakhulu, njengoba izamukeli zethu zephunga zehla ngokwemvelo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Abantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-60 maningi amathuba okuba babe nokulahleka kwephunga elithile, nakuba lokhu kungagwemeki futhi kuhluka kakhulu kumuntu nomuntu.
Nazi ezinye izici ezingase zikhuphule ingozi yakho:
Ezinye zalezi zinto eziyingozi, njengokubhema noma ukuchayeka kumakhemikhali, zingaphansi kokulawula kwakho ukuzishintsha. Ezinye, njengobudala noma izici zofuzo, azishintshi kodwa zingakusiza wena nodokotela wakho ukuthi uhlale uqaphele izinguquko ezingaba khona zokuhogela futhi uzixazulule ngokushesha uma kungenzeka.
Ukulahlekelwa ukuhogela kungaholela ezinkingeni eziningana ezithinta kokubili ukuphepha kwakho kanye nekhwalithi yempilo. Ukuqonda lezi zinkinga ezingaba khona kungakusiza ukuthi uthathe izinyathelo zokuzivikela futhi ugcine inhlalakahle yakho ngenkathi ubhekana nokulahlekelwa ukuhogela.
Izinkinga zokuphepha zivame ukuba yizona ezikhathaza kakhulu ngokushesha. Ngaphandle komuzwa wakho wokuhogela, ungase ungatholi ukuvuza kwegesi, intuthu emlilweni, noma ukudla okonakele. Lokhu kungakubeka engozini yezingozi noma ukudliswa ukudla. Kungase kudingeke ukuthi uthembele kakhulu kuma-smoke detectors, izinsuku zokuphelelwa yisikhathi, nezinye izinyathelo zokuphepha.
Ushintsho lokudla okunomsoco lungenzeka futhi lapho ukulahlekelwa ukuhogela kuthinta isifiso sakho sokudla nokujabulela ukudla. Ungase uzithole udla kancane noma ukhetha ukudla okungenamsoco ngoba ukudla akubonakali kukhanga kangako. Abanye abantu bangeza usawoti owengeziwe noma ushukela ukuze babuyisele, okungathinta impilo yonke uma kungaqashwanga.
Nazi ezinye izinkinga ongase uzithole:
Umgomo wokuzwela akufanele nawo uthathwe kalula. Ukuhogela kusixhuma ezinkumbulweni, kubantu, nakumava ngezindlela ezijulile. Ukulahlekelwa yilo muzwa kungazizwa sengathi ulahlekelwa yingxenye yokuxhumana kwakho nomhlaba okuzungezile. Le mizwa ijwayelekile ngokuphelele futhi iyasebenza.
Ukulahlekelwa yiphunga ngezinye izikhathi kungadidaniswa nezinye izimo noma kulahlwe njengento engabalulekile kunalokho okuyikho ngempela. Ukuqonda ukuthi ukulahlekelwa yiphunga kungase kudidaniswe nani kungakusiza ukuthi uthole ukunakekelwa okufanele futhi ugweme ukukhathazeka okungadingekile ngezinto ezingalungile.
Abantu abaningi ekuqaleni bacabanga ukuthi ukulahlekelwa yiphunga labo kumane nje kuyikhaladi noma ukuminyana kwesikhashana. Ngenkathi lezi zinto zingabangela izinkinga zephunga, ukulahlekelwa yiphunga kwangempela kuqhubeka ngisho nalapho ikhala lakho lizizwa licacile. Uma ukwazi ukuphefumula ngekhala lakho ngokujwayelekile kodwa usengakwazi ukuzwa iphunga, inkinga cishe ingaphezu kokuminyana okulula.
Izinkinga zokunambitheka zivame ukudidaniswa nokulahlekelwa yiphunga njengoba lezi zinzwa ezimbili zisebenza kakhulu ndawonye. Ungase ucabange ukuthi ulahlekelwa umuzwa wakho wokunambitheka ngenkathi empeleni ulahlekelwa umuzwa wakho wephunga. Ukulahlekelwa ukunambitheka kwangempela kuthinta kuphela imizwa emnandi, emuncu, enosawoti, ebaba, kanye ne-umami, ngenkathi ukulahlekelwa yiphunga kuthinta ukunambitheka okuyinkimbinkimbi esikuhlobanisa nokudla.
Ngezinye izikhathi ukulahlekelwa yiphunga kudidaniswa nokuguga okuvamile ngenkathi empeleni kungelapheka. Ngenkathi ezinye izinguquko zephunga zenzeka ngobudala, ukulahlekelwa yiphunga okungazelelwe noma okukhulu akuyona ingxenye ejwayelekile yokuguga futhi kufanele kutholwe ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha kungakhathaliseki ubudala bakho.
Ezimweni ezingavamile, ukulahlekelwa yiphunga kungase kudidaniswe nezinkinga zengqondo ngenkathi empeleni kuyisibonakaliso sezinkinga zemizwa. Uma uhlangabezana nokulahlekelwa yiphunga kanye nezinye izimpawu ezinjengezinkinga zememori noma ubunzima bokuhamba, kubalulekile ukuthi lezi zinto zihlolwe ndawonye kunokuba ngokwehlukana.
Abantu abaningi abane-COVID abalahlekelwa yikhono lokuhogela bayalibuyisa lelo khono, nakuba kungathatha izinyanga eziningi. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi cishe u-95% wabantu babona okungenani ukuthuthuka okuthile phakathi neminyaka emibili. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu baba nezinguquko zesikhathi eside noma abalulami ngokugcwele. Uma ubhekene nokulahlekelwa yikhono lokuhogela ngemva kwe-COVID, ukuzivocavoca ukuqeqeshwa kokuhogela nokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha kungasiza ekululameni kwakho.
Ukulahlekelwa yikhono lokuhogela akubi ngaso sonke isikhathi, kodwa akufanele kunganakwa futhi. Izimo eziningi zisesikhashana futhi zihlobene nezimo ezivamile ezinjengomkhuhlane noma ukungezwani komzimba. Kodwa-ke, ukulahlekelwa yikhono lokuhogela okuqhubekayo kungabonisa izinkinga zempilo ezingaphansi ezizuzayo ekunakekelweni kwezokwelapha. Okubalulekile ukunaka ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani nokuthi yiziphi ezinye izimpawu ongase ube nazo.
Yebo, imithi ethile ingathinta ikhono lakho lokuhogela. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ama-antibiotics athile, imithi yokwehlisa umfutho wegazi, ama-antihistamine, kanye nama-antidepressants. Uma uqaphela izinguquko zokuhogela ngemva kokuqala umuthi omusha, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho. Bangase bakwazi ukulungisa umthamo wakho noma baphakamise eminye imithi engathinti ukuhogela kwakho.
Ukuqonda ngokuvamile kubuya phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa kuya emavikini amabili ngemva kokuthi umkhuhlane usuphelile. Uma ukuhogela kwakho kungathuthukanga ngemva kwamasonto amabili, noma uma sekudlule inyanga ngemva kokuphela komkhuhlane wakho, kufanelekile ukuxhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo. Ezinye izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane zingabangela izinguquko zokuhogela eziqhubekayo ezingase zizuze ekwelashweni.
Nakuba ukucindezeleka ngokwako kungabangeli ngqo ukulahlekelwa yiphunga, kungaqinisa izimo ezithinta iphunga, njengezinkinga ze-sinus noma ukusebenza komzimba wokuzivikela. Ukucindezeleka okungapheli kungase futhi kukwenze uthambekele ekuvukelweni izifo ezingathinta iphunga. Uma uhlangabezana nokulahlekelwa yiphunga ngesikhathi sokucindezeleka, kusabalulekile ukucabangela ezinye izimbangela ezingenzeka futhi ufune ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha uma le nkinga iqhubeka.
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