Yini i-Potassium Ephansi? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, & Nokwelashwa Ekhaya

I-potassium ephansi, ebizwa nangokuthi i-hypokalemia, yenzeka lapho umzimba wakho ungenayo le mineral ebalulekile egazini lakho. Umzimba wakho udinga i-potassium ukusiza imisipha yakho, imizwa, nenhliziyo ukuthi isebenze kahle, ngakho-ke lapho amazinga ehlisa kakhulu, ungase uqaphele ezinye izimpawu ezikhathazayo ezidinga ukunakwa kwakho.

Yini i-potassium ephansi?

I-potassium ephansi isho ukuthi amazinga e-potassium yegazi lakho awele ngaphansi kwama-millimoles angu-3.5 ngelitha. Cabanga nge-potassium njengomsizi wesistimu kagesi yomzimba wakho - igcina inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokuqinile futhi imisipha yakho inciphisa ngokushelela.

Lapho amazinga e-potassium ehla, imisebenzi ejwayelekile yomzimba wakho ingase iphazamiseke. Lesi simo sithinta izigidi zabantu emhlabeni wonke futhi singahluka kusuka kokuncane kuya kokukhulu kuye ngokuthi amazinga akho aphansi kangakanani.

Kuzwakala kanjani i-potassium ephansi?

Izimpawu zokuqala ze-potassium ephansi zivame ukuzwakala njengokukhathala okujwayelekile noma ubuthakathaka obungathuthuki ngokuphumula. Ungase uqaphele ukuthi imisipha yakho izizwa isindayo noma ikhathele, ikakhulukazi lapho ukhuphuka izitebhisi noma wenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke.

Njengoba amazinga e-potassium eqhubeka ehla, ungase uhlangabezane nezimpawu eziqaphelekayo ezingathinta impilo yakho yansuku zonke. Nawa amasignali avamile umzimba wakho ongase ukutshele ngawo mayelana ne-potassium ephansi:

• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha noma ukukhathala okuzwakala kungavamile kuwe
• Ukugcwala kwemisipha noma ama-spasms, ikakhulukazi emilenzeni yakho
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo
• Ukuqunjelwa okubonakala kuqhubeka
• Ukuzwa ukoma okungavamile noma ukuchama kaningi
• Ukuzwa ukuluma noma ukuba ndikindiki ezandleni noma ezinyaweni zakho
• Ushintsho lwemizwa olufana nokucasuka noma ukudideka

Lezi zimpawu zingathuthuka kancane kancane, ngakho-ke ungase ungaziboni ngokushesha. Umzimba wakho muhle kakhulu ekuzivumelaniseni, kodwa kubalulekile ukunaka lapho okuthile kungahambi kahle.

Yini ebangela i-potassium ephansi?

I-potassium ephansi ngokuvamile kwenzeka lapho umzimba wakho ulahlekelwa yi-potassium eningi kunalokho oyitholayo, kunokuba ungaqedi ukudla ukudla okunothile nge-potassium. Okubangela kakhulu ukulahlekelwa okuningi ngohlelo lwakho lokugaya noma izinso.

Izimo eziningi zansuku zonke zingaholela ekulahle-kelweni yi-potassium, futhi ukuqonda lokhu kungakusiza ukuthi ubone ukuthi ungase ube sengozini nini. Nazi izizathu eziyinhloko zokuthi kungani amazinga e-potassium angawa:

• Ukuphalaza noma isifo sohudo eside esivela ekuguleni
• Imithi ethile efana ne-diuretics (amaphilisi amanzi) noma ama-laxatives
• Ukujuluka ngokweqile okuvela ekuzivoceni okukhulu noma isimo sezulu esishisayo
• Izifo zokudla ezihilela ukuziphatha kokuhlanza
• Izinkinga zezinso ezithinta ukulinganisela kwamaminerali
• Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kotshwala, okungaphazamisa ukumuncwa kwe-potassium
• Ezinye izibulala-magciwane noma imithi yenhliziyo

Ngokuvamile, izimo ezithile zezokwelapha zingaphazamisa indlela umzimba wakho oqhubula ngayo i-potassium. Lezi zimo zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ukuze kulungiswe imbangela eyisisekelo.

Iyini i-potassium ephansi isibonakaliso noma uphawu lani?

I-potassium ephansi ingabonisa izimo ezihlukahlukene zempilo ezingaphansi ezithinta indlela umzimba wakho obhekana ngayo nale mineral ebalulekile. Ngezinye izikhathi kuwumphumela wesikhashana wokugula, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kukhombisa izinkinga zempilo eziqhubekayo ezidinga ukunakekelwa.

Lapho amazinga e-potassium ehlala ephansi njalo, kungase kubonise enye yalezi zimo ezivamile:

• Isifo sezinso noma ukungasebenzi kahle
• I-Hyperaldosteronism (amagland adrenal asebenzayo ngokweqile)
• Isifo samathumbu esivuvukalayo
• Izimo zesifo sohudo esingapheli
• Izifo zokudla njenge-bulimia noma i-anorexia
• Izinkinga zikashukela
• Izifo ze-thyroid

Ezimweni ezingavamile, i-potassium ephansi ingabonisa izimo ezingathi sína ezidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha:

• I-Conn's syndrome (umdlavuza ongavamile wendlala ye-adrenal)
• I-Bartter syndrome (isifo sezinso esingokwemvelo)
• I-Gitelman syndrome (esinye isimo esingokwemvelo esithinta izinso)
• Ukungondleki okukhulu noma izifo zokungamunci kahle

Udkt wakho angasiza ekutholeni ukuthi i-potassium yakho ephansi ikhomba esimweni esingaphansi esidinga ukwelashwa. Ezimweni eziningi kulawuleka uma imbangela eyinhloko isitholiwe.

Ingabe i-potassium ephansi inganyamalala yodwa?

Izimo eziphansi ze-potassium ngezinye izikhathi zingazixazulula zodwa, ikakhulukazi uma zibangelwa izinto zesikhashana njengesifo esifushane noma ukushoda kwamanzi emzimbeni. Kodwa-ke, akufanele uthembele ekutheni lokhu kwenzeke ngaphandle kokwenza ezinye izinguquko.

Uma i-potassium yakho ephansi ibangelwa imithi noma isimo sempilo esiqhubekayo, ngeke ithuthuke kuze kube yilapho ubhekana nembangela eyinhloko. Umzimba wakho udinga amazinga e-potassium aqhubekayo ukuze usebenze kahle, ngakho ngisho nokushoda okuncane kuyazuza ekunakekelweni.

Okubalulekile ukuthola ukuthi yini ebangela i-potassium yakho ukuthi yehle ekuqaleni. Uma usuyazi isizathu, ungenza izinyathelo zokuyivimbela ukuthi ingenzeki futhi usekele inqubo yokuphulukisa yemvelo yomzimba wakho.

I-potassium ephansi ingelashwa kanjani ekhaya?

Ezimweni eziphansi ze-potassium, ukwandisa ukudla kwakho ukudla okunothile nge-potassium kungasiza ukubuyisela ibhalansi ngokwemvelo. Le ndlela isebenza kahle uma amazinga akho e-potassium engekho phansi kakhulu futhi ungaqondani nezimo zezokwelapha eziqhubekayo.

Nawa amanye amasu amancane okusekela amazinga akho e-potassium ekhaya:

• Yidla ubhanana, amawolintshi, noma ezinye izithelo ezinothile nge-potassium nsuku zonke
• Faka imifino enamaqabunga njengesipinashi noma i-Swiss chard ekudleni kwakho
• Khetha amazambane anesikhumba, okuyimithombo emihle kakhulu ye-potassium
• Faka ubhontshisi, ama-lentils, noma amantongomane ekudleni kwakho okuvamile
• Phuza amanzi kakhukhunathi, aqukethe i-potassium ngokwemvelo
• Faka ama-avocado, anothile ngamafutha anempilo ne-potassium

Hlala uhlanzekile futhi ugweme utshwala obuningi, obungaphazamisa ukumuncwa kwe-potassium. Uma usebenzisa imithi engase ithinte amazinga e-potassium, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokwenza izinguquko ezinkulu ekudleni kwakho.

Khumbula ukuthi amazinga e-potassium aphansi kakhulu adinga ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha, hhayi nje izinguquko ekudleni. Amakhambi asekhaya asebenza kahle njengezinyathelo zokusekela kanye nokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okufanele.

Yini ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha kwe-potassium ephansi?

Ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha kwe-potassium ephansi kuncike ekutheni ukushoda kwakho kunzima kangakanani nokuthi yini ekubangela. Udokotela wakho ngokuvamile uzoqala ngendlela enobungane kakhulu engakwazi ukunyusa amazinga akho e-potassium ngempumelelo.

Ngezinkinga eziphakathi nendawo, udokotela wakho angase anqume izithasiselo ze-potassium zomlomo ozithatha ngomlomo. Lezi ziza ngezinhlobo ezahlukene namandla, futhi udokotela wakho uzokhetha inketho engcono kakhulu ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho esithile.

Izimo ezinzima kakhulu zingase zidinge i-potassium ye-intravenous (IV), eqondiswa ngqo egazini lakho ngomthambo. Le ndlela isebenza ngokushesha kodwa idinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela endaweni yezokwelapha ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi amazinga akho awenyuki ngokushesha kakhulu.

Udokotela wakho uzophinda abhekane nanoma yiziphi izimo eziyisisekelo ezibangela i-potassium yakho ephansi. Lokhu kungasho ukulungisa imithi, ukwelapha izinkinga zezinso, noma ukuphatha ezinye izinkinga zempilo ezithinta ukulinganisela kwe-potassium.

Kufanele ngibone nini udokotela nge-potassium ephansi?

Kufanele ubone udokotela uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezisikisela i-potassium ephansi, ikakhulukazi uma ziphazamisa imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke. Ukungenelela ngokushesha kungavimbela izinkinga ezingathi sína ukuthi zingathuthuki.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uqaphela lezi zimpawu zokuxwayisa:

• Ubuthakathaka obukhulu bemisipha obenza kube nzima ukunyakaza ngendlela ejwayelekile
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile
• Ukuminyana kwemisipha okuqhubekayo okungathuthuki ngokuphumula
• Ukuphefumula kanzima noma ukuphefumula ngokushesha
• Ukukhathala okukhulu okungathuthuki ngokulala
• Ukudideka noma izinguquko ekucaceni kwengqondo

Thola ukunakekelwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo zezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nobuhlungu besifuba, ubunzima obukhulu bokuphefumula, noma ukukhubazeka. Lezi zimpawu zingase zibonise amazinga e-potassium aphansi ngokuyingozi adinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Uma usebenzisa imithi eyaziwayo ukuthi ithinta amazinga e-potassium, ukuqapha njalo nodokotela wakho kungasiza ukubamba izinkinga ekuqaleni ngaphambi kokuba zibe zimbi.

Ziyini izici eziyingozi zokuthuthukisa i-potassium ephansi?

Ezinye izici zingakhuphula amathuba akho okuthuthukisa i-potassium ephansi, futhi ukuqaphela lezi kungakusiza ukuthi uthathe izinyathelo zokuvimbela. Ezinye izici eziyingozi ongazilawula, kanti ezinye ziyingxenye yomlando wakho wezokwelapha noma izakhi zofuzo.

Ungase ube sengozini enkulu uma unezinye zalezi zici ezivamile:

• Ukuphuza ama-diuretics (amaphilisi amanzi) noma imithi ethile yenhliziyo
• Ukuba nesifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona noma ukungasebenzi kahle kwezinso
• Ukuhlanza njalo noma isifo sohudo
• Ukulandela ukudla okunekhalori ephansi kakhulu noma ukuba nesifo sokudla
• Ukuba ngumsubathi ojuluka kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa
• Ukuba nesifo sikashukela, ikakhulukazi uma singalawulwa kahle
• Ukuphuza ama-laxatives njalo

Abanye abantu babhekana nezingozi ezengeziwe ngenxa yezici ezingavamile kakhulu:

• Ukuba ne-hyperaldosteronism noma ezinye izifo ze-adrenal gland
• Ukuphuza ama-antibiotics athile noma imithi elwa nesikhunta
• Ukuba nesifo samathumbu esivuvukalayo noma ezinye izimo zokugaya ukudla
• Ukuguga, njengoba ukusebenza kwezinso kwehla ngokwemvelo ngokuhamba kweminyaka

Ukuqonda izinto eziyingozi ezikuthintayo kukusiza ukuthi usebenzisane nodokotela wakho ukuze uqaphele amazinga akho e-potassium futhi wenze izinguquko uma kudingeka. Iningi lalezi zingozi lingalawulwa ngokunakekelwa okufanele kwezokwelapha.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingase zibe khona ze-potassium ephansi?

Lapho i-potassium ephansi ingelashwa, ingaholela ezinkingeni ezingathi sína ezithinta inhliziyo yakho, imisipha, nezinye izitho ezibalulekile. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi izinkinga eziningi zingavinjelwa ngokwelashwa okufanele nokuqapha.

Izinkinga ezikhathazayo kakhulu zihilela inhliziyo yakho nokusebenza kwemisipha. Nakhu okungenzeka uma amazinga e-potassium ehlala ephansi kakhulu:

• Izinkinga eziyingozi zesigqi senhliziyo (arrhythmias)
• Ubuthakathaka obukhulu bemisipha noma ukukhubazeka
• Umonakalo wezinso ngenxa yokungalingani isikhathi eside
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu okunzima ukuwulawula
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula uma imisipha yokuphefumula ithinteka
• Izinkinga zokugaya ukudla njengokuqunjelwa okukhulu noma ukuvaleka kwamathumbu

Ezimweni ezingavamile, i-potassium ephansi kakhulu ingabangela izinkinga ezisongela impilo:

• Ukukhubazeka okuphelele kwemisipha (ukukhubazeka ngezikhathi ezithile)
• Ukubanjwa yinhliziyo ngenxa yokuphazamiseka okukhulu kwesigqi senhliziyo
• Ukwehluleka kokuphefumula uma imisipha yokuphefumula iyeka ukusebenza kahle
• I-Rhabdomyolysis (ukuhlakazeka kwemisipha okungalimaza izinso)

Lezi zinkinga ezingathi sína zigcizelela ukuthi kungani kubalulekile ukuthatha i-potassium ephansi ngokungathi sína futhi usebenzisane nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuze ugcine amazinga anempilo. Abantu abaningi benza kahle kakhulu ngokwelashwa okufanele.

Yini i-potassium ephansi engase ididaniswe nayo?

Izimpawu ze-potassium ephansi zingadidaniswa kalula nezinye izimo ezivamile zempilo, okwesinye isikhathi kuholela ekuhlolweni okubambezelekile. Ukukhathala nobuthakathaka bemisipha kuvame ukubangelwa ukucindezeleka, ukuguga, noma ukungabi sesimweni.

Izimpawu zakho zingase zididaniswe nalezi zimo:

• Ukukhathala okungapheli ngenxa yokukhathala okuqhubekayo
• Ukucindezeleka ngenxa yezinguquko zemizwa namandla aphansi
• I-Fibromyalgia ngenxa yezinhlungu zemisipha nobuthakathaka
• Izinkinga ze-thyroid ngenxa yokukhathala nezimpawu zenhliziyo
• Izifo zokukhathazeka lapho kuvela ukushaya kwenhliziyo
• Izinkinga zokugaya ukudla lapho ukuqunjelwa kuyisici esikhulu

Ngezinye izikhathi i-potassium ephansi iyabukelwa ngoba izimpawu zayo zithuthuka kancane kancane futhi zingabonakala njengempendulo ejwayelekile yokucindezeleka kwempilo. Yingakho kubalulekile ukusho zonke izimpawu zakho kudokotela wakho, ngisho noma zingabonakali zihlobene.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungahlukanisa ngokushesha i-potassium ephansi kulezi ezinye izimo. Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu eziningi ezingabonakali zihambisana, ukubuza ngamazinga e-potassium kungasiza ukucacisa ukuthi kwenzakalani ngempela.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana ne-potassium ephansi

Umbuzo: Ingabe ukuphuza amanzi amaningi kungabangela i-potassium ephansi?

Ukuphuza amanzi amaningi ngokweqile kunganciphisa amazinga e-potassium yegazi lakho, kodwa lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka kuphela ngamanzi amaningi kakhulu. Ukugcinwa kwamanzi okuvamile akubangeli i-potassium ephansi, futhi ukuhlala unamanzi kahle empeleni kusekela ibhalansi ye-potassium enempilo kubantu abaningi.

Umbuzo: Ingabe ubhanana ungumthombo ongcono kakhulu we-potassium?

Ngenkathi ubhanana ungumthombo omuhle we-potassium, awona ophezulu kakhulu. Ukudla okufana namazambane anesikhumba, isipinashi, ubhontshisi, nama-avocado empeleni aqukethe i-potassium eningi ngokuphakelwa ngakunye. Indlela engcono kakhulu ukudla ukudla okuhlukahlukene okunothile nge-potassium kunokuncika emthonjeni owodwa kuphela.

Umbuzo: Ingabe i-potassium ephansi ingabangela ukukhuluphala?

I-potassium ephansi ngokwayo ayibangeli ngokuqondile ukukhuluphala, kodwa ingaholela ekugcinweni kwamanzi nasekuqumbeleni okukwenza uzizwe usindayo. Abanye abantu futhi bahlangabezana nokukhathala okunciphisa amazinga abo omsebenzi, okungaholela ekushintsheni kwesisindo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Umbuzo: Amazinga e-potassium angabuyiselwa ngokushesha kangakanani?

Ukushoda kwe-potassium okuncane kungathuthuka phakathi nezinsuku kuya emavikini ngokushintsha kokudla noma izithasiselo. Izimo ezinzima kakhulu zingathatha amasonto amaningana okwelashwa kwezokwelapha ukuze kululame ngokugcwele. Udokotela wakho uzoqapha intuthuko yakho ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okuvamile ukuqinisekisa ukuthuthuka okuphephile.

Umbuzo: Kungenzeka yini ukuba ne-potassium eningi kakhulu?

Yebo, ukuba ne-potassium eningi kakhulu (i-hyperkalemia) kungaba yingozi njengokuba nayo encane kakhulu. Yingakho izithasiselo ze-potassium kufanele zithathwe ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwezokwelapha kuphela, futhi kungani udokotela wakho eqapha amazinga akho lapho elapha i-potassium ephansi. Izinsini zakho ngokuvamile zilungisa i-potassium kahle, kodwa izimo ezithile zingaphazamisa le nqubo.