Yini i-Abdominal Ultrasound? Inhloso, Inqubo & Nemiphumela

I-abdominal ultrasound iyisivivinyo sokuthwebula esingabuhlungu esisebenzisa amaza omsindo ukudala izithombe zezitho ezingaphakathi kwesisu sakho. Cabanga ngayo njengendlela ephephile, enomusa yodokotela yokubuka ngaphakathi esiswini sakho ngaphandle kwanoma yiziphi izinaliti noma imisebe.

Lolu vivinyo oluvamile lusiza odokotela ukuthi bahlole isibindi sakho, isikhwama sebile, izinso, ithambo lomlomo, nezinye izitho zesisu. Le nqubo ayihlaseli nhlobo futhi ithatha imizuzu engaba ngu-30 ukuqeda.

Yini i-abdominal ultrasound?

I-abdominal ultrasound isebenzisa amaza omsindo anezinga eliphezulu ukudala izithombe zesikhathi sangempela zezitho zakho zangaphakathi. Idivayisi encane ebizwa ngokuthi i-transducer ithumela amaza omsindo ngesikhumba sakho, futhi lawa maza abuyela emuva ukuze akhe izithombe esikrinini sekhompyutha.

Ubuchwepheshe busebenza ngendlela efanayo nendlela ama-dolphin asebenzisa ngayo i-echolocation ukuzulazula ngaphansi kwamanzi. Amaza omsindo aphephile ngokuphelele futhi awazwakali ezindlebeni zomuntu.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, uzolala kahle etafuleni lokuhlolwa ngenkathi uchwepheshe esusa i-transducer esiswini sakho. I-gel esetshenziswa esikhumbeni sakho isiza amaza omsindo ukuthi ahambe ngempumelelo.

Kungani kwenziwa i-abdominal ultrasound?

Odokotela batusa ama-abdominal ultrasounds ukuthi aphenye izimpawu ezihlukahlukene futhi baqaphe impilo yezitho. Lolu vivinyo oluguquguqukayo lungasiza ukuhlonza izinkinga ezingase zibangele ukungakhululeki kwakho noma ukukhathazeka.

Udokotela wakho angase asikisele lolu vivinyo uma uhlangabezana nobuhlungu besisu obungachazeki, isicanucanu, noma izinguquko emikhubeni yakho yamathumbu. Iphinde isetshenziswe njalo ukuhlola izimo ezingapheli ezithinta izitho zakho zesisu.

Nazi izizathu ezivame kakhulu zokuthi kungani odokotela be-oda ama-abdominal ultrasounds:

• Ukuphenya ubuhlungu besisu noma ukuqaqamba
• Ukuhlola amatshe e-gall noma izinkinga ze-gallbladder
• Ukuhlola amatshe ezinso noma ukusebenza kwezinso
• Ukuqapha impilo yesibindi nokuthola isifo sesibindi esinamafutha
• Ukufuna izitho ezikhulisiwe noma izixuku ezingavamile
• Ukuhlola ukugeleza kwegazi ngemithambo yesisu
• Ukuqondisa ama-biopsies anezinaliti noma ezinye izinqubo

Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela basebenzisa lolu vivinyo ukuqapha izimo ezaziwayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kuyasiza futhi ekutholeni ukwakheka koketshezi esiswini, okungabonisa izinkinga ezihlukahlukene zempilo.

Yini inqubo ye-ultrasound yesisu?

Inqubo ye-ultrasound yesisu iqondile futhi ikhululekile kubantu abaningi. Uzocelwa ukuthi ulale ngomhlane wakho etafuleni lokuhlolwa elinemiqamelo ekamelweni elikhanyiswe kancane.

I-sonographer eqeqeshiwe izosebenzisa i-gel ecacile, efudumele esiswini sakho bese ihambisa i-transducer ephathwayo esikhumbeni sakho. I-gel ingase izizwe ipholile ekuqaleni, kodwa iyafudumala ngokushesha.

Nakhu okwenzekayo ngesikhathi se-ultrasound yakho:

1. Uzobekwa kahle etafuleni lokuhlolwa
2. I-sonographer isebenzisa i-gel ye-ultrasound esiswini sakho
3. I-transducer ihambiswa kancane kancane ezindaweni ezihlukene zesisu sakho
4. Ungase ucelwe ukuthi ubambe umoya wakho isikhashana ukuze uthole izithombe ezicacile
5. I-sonographer ingase ikucele ukuthi ushintshe izikhundla kancane
6. Izithombe zithathwa futhi zigcinwe ukuze i-radiologist izibuyekeze

Inqubo yonke ngokuvamile ithatha imizuzu engama-30 kuya kwengama-45. Uzokwazi ukubona izithombe ku-monitor, nakuba i-sonographer ngokuvamile ingakwazi ukuxoxa ngemiphumela nawe ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa.

Ngemva kwenqubo, ungakwazi ukubuyela ngokushesha emisebenzini yakho evamile. I-gel isulwa kalula, futhi azikho imiphumela emibi noma isikhathi sokululama esidingekayo.

Ungalungiselela kanjani i-ultrasound yakho yesisu?

Ukulungiselela i-ultrasound yakho yesisu kulula futhi kusiza ekuqinisekiseni izithombe ezingcono kakhulu. Isidingo esikhulu ukuzila ukudla amahora angu-8 kuya kwangu-12 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwakho.

Ukuzila ukudla kusho ukugwema konke ukudla neziphuzo ngaphandle kwamanzi ngalesi sikhathi. Lokhu kulungiselela kusiza ukunciphisa igesi emathunjini akho, engaphazamisa amaza omsindo futhi yenze izitho zibe nzima ukuzibona ngokucacile.

Izinyathelo zakho zokulungiselela zizohlanganisa:

• Zila ukudla amahora angu-8-12 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa (amanzi ngokuvamile alungile)
• Thatha imithi yakho ejwayelekile ngaphandle uma uqondiswe ngenye indlela
• Gqoka izingubo ezikhululekile, ezixekile
• Susa ubucwebe endaweni okhalweni nentamo
• Fika ngaphambi kwemizuzu engu-15 ukuze uqedele noma yimaphi amaphepha adingekayo

Ezinye izindawo zingase zibe nezidingo zokuzila ukudla ezehlukile, ngakho-ke ngaso sonke isikhathi landela imiyalelo ethile enikezwe ngumhlinzeki wakho wezempilo. Uma unesifo sikashukela noma usebenzisa imithi edinga ukudla, xoxa ngalokhu nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Ngezinhlobo ezithile ze-ultrasounds yesisu, ungase ucelwe ukuthi uphuze amanzi ngaphambi kokuhlolwa ukuze ugcwalise isinye sakho. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizohlinzeka ngemiyalelo ecacile ngokusekelwe kulokho okudingeka kuhlolwe.

Ungawafunda kanjani imiphumela yakho ye-ultrasound yesisu?

Ukufunda imiphumela ye-ultrasound kudinga ukuqeqeshwa kwezokwelapha, kodwa ukuqonda isakhiwo sombiko esiyisisekelo kungakusiza ukuthi uzizwe unolwazi olwengeziwe. I-radiologist izohlaziya izithombe zakho bese ithumela umbiko onemininingwane kudokotela wakho okuthumelayo.

Umbiko wakho uzochaza ukubukeka, usayizi, nokuthungwa kwesitho ngasinye esihlolwe. Okutholakele okuvamile kuvame ukuchazwa ngokuthi "akuthakazelisi" noma "ngaphakathi kwemingcele ejwayelekile," okusho ukuthi konke kubukeka kunempilo.

Imigomo ejwayelekile ongase uyibone embikweni wakho ihlanganisa:

• I-Echogenicity: Ukuthi ilungu libonakala liqhakazile noma limnyama kangakanani ku-ultrasound
• I-Homogeneous: Ukuthungwa okufanayo kulo lonke ilungu
• I-Heterogeneous: Ukuthungwa okuxubile noma okuhlukahlukene ngaphakathi kwelungu
• I-Hyperechoic: Iqhakazile kunokujwayelekile, ngokuvamile okukhombisa ukwanda kokuminyana
• I-Hypoechoic: Imnyama kunokujwayelekile, okusikisela ukwehla kokuminyana
• I-Anechoic: Mnyama ngokuphelele, ngokuvamile okukhombisa uketshezi

Umbiko uzophinda uqaphele noma yiziphi izinto ezingavamile ezitholakele, njengamatshe, ama-cyst, noma izinguquko ngosayizi welungu. Udokotela wakho uzochaza ukuthi lokhu okutholakele kusho ukuthini empilweni yakho nokuthi ngabe kudingeka yini ukuqhubeka.

Khumbula ukuthi izithombe ze-ultrasound ngezinye izikhathi zingacaci ngenxa yomzimba, igesi yamathumbu, noma ezinye izinto. Uma imiphumela ingaqinisekile, udokotela wakho angase ancome ezinye izivivinyo zokuthwebula izithombe.

Zithini izinto ezitholwa ku-ultrasound yesisu esivamile?

Imiphumela evamile ye-ultrasound yesisu ikhombisa izitho ezinempilo ezinobukhulu obujwayelekile, ukuma, nesakhiwo sangaphakathi. Ilungu ngalinye linemikhuba ehlukile abahlaziyi bemiqondo abayibhekayo lapho benquma ukuthi konke kubonakala kujwayelekile.

Isibindi sakho kufanele sibonakale sibushelelezi futhi sifana ngosayizi ojwayelekile kanye ne-echogenicity. I-gallbladder ngokuvamile ibonakala njengesaka elimnyama, eligcwele uketshezi ngaphandle kwamatshe noma ukujiya kodonga.

Okutholakele okuvamile kwelungu ngalinye kufaka phakathi:

• Isibindi: Ukuma okubushelelezi, ukuthungwa okufanayo, usayizi ojwayelekile
• I-Gallbladder: Izindonga ezincane, awekho amatshe, ukwakheka okujwayelekile kwe-bile
• Izinso: Usayizi ojwayelekile, i-cortex ehlukile kanye ne-medulla, awekho amatshe
• I-Pancreas: Ukuthungwa okufanayo, usayizi ojwayelekile, awekho ama-mass
• I-Spleen: Usayizi ojwayelekile, ukubukeka okufanayo
• I-Aorta: Ububanzi obujwayelekile, izindonga ezibushelelezi, ukugeleza kwegazi okuvamile

Umbiko ungase futhi uqaphele amanani ajwayelekile oketshezi ezindaweni ezithile nokungabikho kwama-mass angavamile noma amaqoqo. Imithambo yegazi kufanele ikhombise amaphethini okugeleza afanele ngaphandle kokuvaleka.

Noma ngemiphumela ejwayelekile, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuhlolwa okuvamile nge-ultrasound uma unezici eziyingozi zezimo ezithile. Ukutholakala okujwayelekile kunikeza ulwazi olubalulekile oluyisisekelo lokuqhathanisa okuzayo.

Ziyini izici eziyingozi zemiphumela engajwayelekile ye-ultrasound yesisu?

Izici eziningana zingakhuphula amathuba okuba nemiphumela engajwayelekile ye-ultrasound. Ukuqonda lezi zici eziyingozi kungakusiza ukuthi uthathe izinyathelo zokuvimbela futhi wazi ukuthi unini okufanele ufune ukwelashwa.

Ubudala buyisici esibalulekile, njengoba izimo eziningi zesisu ziba njalo njengoba sikhula. Umlando womndeni nawo udlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni ingozi yakho yezinkinga ezithile ezihlobene nezitho.

Izici eziyingozi ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa:

• Ubudala obungaphezu kweminyaka engama-40
• Umlando womndeni we-gallbladder, isibindi, noma isifo sezinso
• Ukukhuluphala noma izinguquko ezinkulu zesibalo somzimba
• I-cholesterol ephezulu noma amazinga e-triglyceride
• Isifo sikashukela noma ukumelana ne-insulin
• Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kotshwala
• Imithi ethile ethinta isibindi
• Umlando wokuhlinzwa kwesisu noma ukulimala

Izici zokuphila ezifana nokudla, imikhuba yokuzivocavoca, nokubhema nazo zingathonya impilo yezitho zakho zesisu. Izimo ezingamahlalakhona njengomfutho wegazi ophezulu noma isifo samathumbu esivuvukalayo zingakhuphula ingozi yakho yezinkinga.

Ukuba nezici eziyingozi akusho ukuthi nakanjani uzoba nemiphumela engajwayelekile, kodwa kusho ukuthi udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuqapha okuvamile noma izinyathelo ezengeziwe zokuvimbela.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingaba khona zemiphumela engajwayelekile ye-ultrasound yesisu?

Ukutholakala okungajwayelekile kwe-ultrasound kungabonisa izimo ezihlukahlukene, kusukela ezinkingeni ezincane kuya ezinkingeni ezingathi sína ezidinga ukunakwa ngokushesha. Izinkinga ezithile zincike ekutheni yiziphi izitho ezithintekile kanye nobunjalo bokungajwayelekile okutholiwe.

Izinkinga ze-gallbladder ziphakathi kwezinto ezitholakala ngokungajwayelekile ezivame kakhulu. Amatshe e-Gallstones angabangela ubuhlungu obukhulu, ukutheleleka, noma ukuvaleka kwemigudu ye-bile, okungase kudingeke ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa.

Izinkinga ezingase zivele ezivela ekutholakaleni okungajwayelekile okuvamile zihlanganisa:

• Amatshe e-Gallstones: Ubuhlungu obukhulu, ukutheleleka, ukuvaleka kwemigudu ye-bile
• Izinkinga zesibindi: I-Cirrhosis, ukwehluleka kwesibindi, ingozi eyengeziwe yomdlavuza
• Amatshe ezinso: Ubuhlungu obukhulu, ukuvaleka komchamo, ukulimala kwezinso
• Izitho ezikhulisiwe: Ukungasebenzi kahle kwezitho, ingozi eyengeziwe yesifo
• Amasu e-Abdominal: Okungenzeka kube yingozi, ukucindezelwa kwezitho
• Ukuqoqwa kwamanzi: Ukutheleleka, ukungasebenzi kahle kwezitho, ukungakhululeki

Ezinye izinto ezingajwayelekile zingase zibe nomusa kodwa zidinga ukuqapha ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi azishintshi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ama-Cysts, ngokwesibonelo, avame ukungalimazi kodwa adinga ukuhlolwa ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ahlala ezinzile.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ukutholwa kwasekuqaleni ngokusetshenziswa kwe-ultrasound kuvame ukuvumela ukwelashwa okusheshayo ngaphambi kokuthi izinkinga zivele. Udokotela wakho uzoxoxa nganoma yikuphi okutholakele futhi enze uhlelo olufanele lokuphatha olusekelwe esimweni sakho esithile.

Kufanele ngibone nini udokotela ukuze ngilandelele i-ultrasound yesisu?

Kufanele uthinte udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uba nezimpawu ezintsha noma eziqhubekayo ngemuva kwe-ultrasound yakho, ikakhulukazi uma kutholakala izinto ezingajwayelekile. Ukuxhumana kwasekuqaleni kusiza ekuqinisekiseni ukunakekelwa okulandelayo okufanele.

Udokotela wakho ngokuvamile uzohlela i-aphoyintimenti yokulandela ukuze axoxe ngemiphumela, kodwa ungalindi uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezikhathazayo. Ezinye izimo zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha kungakhathaliseki imiphumela yakho ye-ultrasound.

Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uma uhlangabezana:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu obungathuthuki ngokuphumula
• Isicanucanu esiqhubekayo nokuhlanza
• Umkhuhlane obuhlungu besisu
• Ukuphuzi kwesikhumba sakho noma amehlo (i-jaundice)
• Ushintsho emibaleni yomchamo noma amaphethini okuchama
• Ukuncipha noma ukukhuluphala okungachazeki
• Izimpawu zokugaya ezintsha noma eziqhubekayo

Uma i-ultrasound yakho ibilokujwayelekile kodwa uqhubeka nezimpawu, unganqikazi ukulandela udokotela wakho. Ngezikhathi ezithile ezinye izivivinyo noma izindlela zokucabanga ezihlukene zingase zidingeke ukuze kutholakale imbangela yezimpawu zakho.

Ukuqokwa okulandelayo okuvamile kubalulekile ekuqapheni noma yikuphi okungajwayelekile okutholakala ku-ultrasound yakho. Udokotela wakho uzokwenza isimiso esenziwe ngendlela oyifanele esisekelwe ekutholeni kwakho okuthile kanye nesimo sempilo yakho esiphelele.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana ne-ultrasound yesisu

Q.1 Ingabe i-ultrasound yesisu ilungele ukuthola umdlavuza?

I-ultrasound yesisu ingathola izixuku nokungajwayelekile okungase kusikisela umdlavuza, kodwa ayikwazi ukuthola umdlavuza ngokuqinisekile. Lolu vivinyo luhle kakhulu ekutholeni izindawo ezisolisayo ezidinga ukucwaningwa okwengeziwe.

Uma i-ultrasound yakho ikhombisa isixuku esikhathazayo noma okungajwayelekile, udokotela wakho cishe uzoncoma ezinye izivivinyo ezifana ne-CT scans, i-MRI, noma i-tissue biopsy ukuze kutholakale ukuthi umdlavuza ukhona yini. I-ultrasound isebenza njengesinyathelo sokuqala esibalulekile enqubweni yokuxilonga.

Q.2 Ingabe ukuzila ukudla kuthinta ukunemba kwe-ultrasound?

Yebo, ukuzila ukudla kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukunemba kwe-ultrasound ngokunciphisa igesi emathunjini akho. Igesi ingavimba amaza omsindo futhi kwenze kube nzima ukubona izitho ngokucacile, okungenzeka kuholele emiphumeleni engaphelele noma engacacile.

Ukulandela imiyalelo yokuzila ukudla kuqinisekisa ukuthi umenzi wakho we-sonographer angathola izithombe ezingcono kakhulu zezitho zakho zesisu. Lokhu kuholela ekuxilongweni okunembile futhi kunciphisa isidingo sokuhlolwa okuphindwayo.

Q.3 Ingabe i-ultrasound ingathola amatshe ezinso?

I-Ultrasound isebenza kahle kakhulu ekutholeni amatshe ezinso, ikakhulukazi lawo amakhulu. Lolu vivinyo lungabonisa usayizi, indawo, kanye nenani lamatshe ezinso zakho kanye nomgudu womchamo.

Kodwa-ke, amatshe amancane kakhulu noma lawo asezindaweni ezithile kungenzeka angabonakali ku-ultrasound. Udokotela wakho angase ancome ezinye izivivinyo zokuthwebula izithombe njenge-CT scans uma amatshe ezinso esolwa ngokuqinile kodwa engabonakali kahle ku-ultrasound.

Q.4 Zikhona yini izingozi ezivela ku-ultrasound yesisu?

I-Ultrasound yesisu ithathwa njengephephile ngokuphelele ngaphandle kwezingozi noma imiphumela emibi eyaziwayo. Amagagasi omsindo asetshenziswayo awona-ionizing futhi awabangeli monakalo kunoma iyiphi indwangu.

Ngokungafani ne-X-rays noma i-CT scans, i-ultrasound ayisebenzisi imisebe, okwenza iphephe kubantu besifazane abakhulelwe kanye nabantu abadinga ukuqapha njalo. Lolu vivinyo lungaphindwa kaningi njengoba kudingeka ngokwezokwelapha ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngempilo.

Q.5 Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthola imiphumela ye-ultrasound?

Iningi lemiphumela ye-ultrasound itholakala phakathi kwamahora angama-24 kuya kwangama-48 ngemuva kokuhlolwa kwakho. I-radiologist idinga isikhathi sokubuyekeza ngokucophelela zonke izithombe futhi ilungiselele umbiko onemininingwane kadokotela wakho okuthumele.

Udokotela wakho uzokuthinta uma esethole imiphumela ukuze axoxe nganoma yikuphi okutholakele kanye nezinyathelo ezilandelayo. Ezimweni eziphuthumayo, imiphumela yokuqala ingase itholakale ngokushesha, futhi udokotela wakho uzokwazisa nganoma yikuphi ukukhathazeka ngokushesha.