Kuyini Ukugadwa Okusebenzayo Komdlavuza Wendlala Yesinye? Inhloso, Inqubo & Ukuphatha

Ukuqapha okusebenzayo komdlavuza wendlala yesinye kuyindlela eqashwe ngokucophelela yokuthi "buka ulinde" lapho wena nodokotela wakho niqapha eduze umdlavuza wendlala yesinye okhula kancane, onengozi ephansi ngaphandle kokuqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Cabanga ngakho njengokuhlala uqaphile futhi ulungele ukwenza uma kudingeka, kunokuthi ungene ngqo ekwelashweni komdlavuza okungenzeka ungalimazi empilweni yakho.

Le ndlela iyavuma ukuthi imidlavuza eminingi yendlala yesinye ikhula kancane kangangokuthi ingase ingalokothi isonge impilo yakho noma izinga lempilo yakho. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizobheka umdlavuza wakho njalo ngezivivinyo nokuhlolwa, liye ekwelashweni okusebenzayo kuphela uma izimpawu zibonisa ukuthi umdlavuza uba nolaka olwengeziwe.

Kuyini ukuqapha okusebenzayo komdlavuza wendlala yesinye?

Ukuqapha okusebenzayo isu lokuphatha lapho uthola ukuqapha njalo esikhundleni sokwelashwa ngokushesha komdlavuza wendlala yesinye onengozi ephansi. Udokotela wakho uzoqapha ukuziphatha komdlavuza wakho ngezivivinyo zegazi ezijwayelekile, ukuhlolwa komzimba, kanye nezifundo zokuthwebula izithombe ukuze ubambe noma yiziphi izinguquko ekuqaleni.

Le ndlela ihluke "ekulindeni okuqaphile" ngoba ihlanganisa ukuqapha okuhlelekile, okuvame ukwenzeka ngenhloso ecacile yokwelapha uma umdlavuza wakho ubonisa izimpawu zokuqhubeka. Uzoba neshejuli enemininingwane yokuqokwa okulandelayo nezivivinyo eziklanyelwe ukubamba noma yiziphi izinguquko ezikhathazayo ngokushesha.

Umgomo uwukugwema noma ukubambezela imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa ngenkathi uqinisekisa ukuthi umdlavuza wakho awuqhubeki uze ufinyelele iphuzu lapho ungakulimaza khona. Amadoda amaningi ekuqapheni okusebenzayo awadingi ukwelashwa, kanti abanye bangase bakhethe ukwelashwa kamuva uma isimo sabo sishintsha.

Kungani kwenziwa ukuqapha okusebenzayo komdlavuza wendlala yesinye?

Ukuqapha okusebenzayo kukusiza ukuthi ugweme ukwelashwa okungadingekile ngomdlavuza wendlala yesinye okungenzeka kungabi nazimpawu noma kufinyeze impilo yakho. Imidlava yendlala yesinye eminingi ikhula kancane kakhulu, futhi ukwelashwa okufana nokuhlinzwa noma imisebe kungabangela imiphumela engemihle ehlala njalo ehlanganisa ukungakwazi ukuzithiba, ukungasebenzi kahle kwesitho sobulili, nezinkinga zamathumbu.

Udkt wakho angase ancome le ndlela uma unomdlavuza wendlala yesinye ongahambisani nobungozi obukhulu, okusho ukuthi uvinjelwe endlaleni yesinye, unezikolo eziphansi ze-Gleason (6 noma ngaphansi), namazinga aphansi e-PSA. Leli su likuvumela ukuthi ugcine izinga lakho lamanje lempilo ngenkathi uhlala uqaphile ngokuqhubeka komdlavuza.

Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi amadoda anomdlavuza wendlala yesinye ongahambisani nobungozi obukhulu akhetha ukuqapha okusebenzayo anamazinga okusinda afana nalabo abathola ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Umehluko omkhulu ukuthi ungakwazi ukugwema imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa ngenkathi usathola noma yikuphi ukuqhubeka komdlavuza ngokushesha okwanele ukwelapha ngempumelelo.

Yini inqubo yokuqapha okusebenzayo?

Ukuqapha okusebenzayo kulandela isimiso sokuqapha esihlelekile esivame ukuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-PSA njalo, ukuhlolwa kwe-digital rectal, kanye nama-biopsies endlala yesinye ngezikhathi ezithile. Udkt wakho uzokwenza umugqa wesikhathi oqondene nawe ngokuya ngesimo sakho esithile, kodwa izinhlelo eziningi zilandela amaphethini afanayo.

Nakhu ongakulindela phakathi nohambo lwakho lokuqapha olusebenzayo:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-PSA njalo emavikini angu-3-6 ukuqapha amazinga amaprotheni
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-digital rectal njalo ezinyangeni eziyi-6-12 ukuhlola izinguquko zomzimba
• Phinda ama-biopsies endlala yesinye njalo eminyakeni eyi-1-3 ukuhlola ukuqhubeka komdlavuza
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-MRI njengoba kudingeka ukubona noma yiziphi izindawo ezisolisayo
• Ukubonisana njalo nodokotela wakho we-oncologist ukuze nixoxe ngemiphumela nezinkathazo

Uhlelo lwakho lokuqapha lungase luqiniswe noma lushintshwe ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yakho yokuhlolwa, iminyaka yakho, impilo yakho yonke, kanye nezintandokazi zakho. Abanye odokotela baphinda bahlanganise izivivinyo ezintsha njengamaki e-genetic noma izindlela zokuthwebula ezithuthukisiwe ukuze bathole isithombe esicacile sokuziphatha komdlavuza wakho.

Ungalungiselela kanjani uhlelo lwakho lokuqapha olusebenzayo?

Ukulungiselela ukuqapha okusebenzayo kuhilela kokubili izinyathelo ezingokoqobo nokulungela ngokomzwelo ngale ndlela yokuphatha yesikhathi eside. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizokusiza ukuthi uqonde okulindelekile nokuthi ungalwenza kanjani kahle leli su.

Ngaphambi kokuqala ukuqapha okusebenzayo, uzofuna ukusungula uhlelo oluqinile lokusekela nokuxhumana okucacile nethimba lakho lezokwelapha. Nazi izinyathelo ezibalulekile zokulungiselela:

• Xoxa ngezinkathazo zakho kanye nokulindela kwakho ngokusobala nodokotela wakho
• Qonda uhlelo oluqondile lokuqapha nokuthi yini okuhilelekile esivivinyweni ngasinye
• Setha imibandela yokuthi ungasabela nini ekwelashweni okusebenzayo
• Cabangela ukuthola umbono wesibili ukuze uzizwe uqinisekile esinqumweni sakho
• Xhumana namaqembu okusekela noma ukwelulekwa uma uzizwa ukhathazekile
• Gcina indlela yokuphila enempilo ngokuzivocavoca njalo nokudla okunempilo

Amadoda amaningi akuthola kuwusizo ukugcina iphephabhuku lezimpawu zawo, izinkathazo, nemibuzo phakathi kwama-aphoyintimenti. Lokhu kungakusiza ukuthi ukwazi ukwenza okuningi ekuhlolweni kwakho futhi uzizwe ulawula ukunakekelwa kwakho.

Ungawafunda kanjani imiphumela yakho yokuqapha okusebenzayo?

Ukuqonda imiphumela yakho yokuhlolwa kukusiza ukuthi uzizwe uqiniseka futhi uhilelekile ezinqumweni zakho zokunakekelwa. Udokotela wakho uzochaza ukuthi inombolo ngayinye isho ukuthini nokuthi ihlobene kanjani nesithombe sakho esiphelele, kodwa ukwazi okuyisisekelo kungakusiza ukuthi ubuze imibuzo engcono.

Amazingo e-PSA ayisibonakaliso esibalulekile, futhi udokotela wakho uzobheka izitayela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kunokufunda okukodwa. I-PSA enyuka kancane ingase ibe ukuguga okuvamile, kuyilapho ukwanda okusheshayo kungase kubonise ukuqhubeka komdlavuza. Udokotela wakho uzocabangela i-PSA yakho eyisisekelo, iminyaka, nezinye izinto lapho echaza izinguquko.

Imiphumela ye-biopsy inikeza imininingwane enemininingwane eminingi mayelana nokuziphatha komdlavuza wakho. Udokotela wakho uzobheka ukwanda kwamazinga e-Gleason, ivolumu yomdlavuza ephezulu, noma umdlavuza ovela ezindaweni ezintsha ze-prostate. Lokhu okutholakele kusiza ukunquma ukuthi umdlavuza wakho usahlala engozini ephansi noma uma sekuyisikhathi sokucabangela ukwelashwa.

I-MRI neminye imiphumela yokucabanga ingabonisa izinguquko ngosayizi we-tumor, indawo, noma izici ezingase zingathathwa ekuhlolweni kwegazi kuphela. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizohlanganisa yonke le miphumela ukukunikeza isithombe esiphelele sesimo somdlavuza wakho samanje kanye nokuhamba kwawo.

Ungayiphatha kanjani impilo yakho ngesikhathi sokugadwa okusebenzayo?

Ukuphatha impilo yakho ngesikhathi sokugadwa okusebenzayo kuhilela ukuhlala uphilile ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo ngenkathi unamathela esimisweni sakho sokuqapha. Amadoda amaningi athola ukuthi ukugxila empilweni yonke kubasiza ukuthi bazizwe belawula ngalesi sikhathi sokulinda.

Ukuvivinya umzimba njalo, ikakhulukazi imisebenzi esekela impilo ye-prostate, kungaba usizo ngesikhathi sokugadwa okusebenzayo. Ukuhamba, ukubhukuda, nokuqeqeshwa kwamandla kungasiza ukugcina ukufaneleka kwakho konke futhi kungase kusekele ngisho nekhono lakho lomzimba lokuzivikela ekugcineni umdlavuza.

Ukudla okunempilo kudlala indima ebalulekile ekusekeleni impilo yakho ngesikhathi sokugadwa okusebenzayo. Ukudla okunothe ngemifino, izithelo, nama-omega-3 fatty acids kungasiza ukunciphisa ukuqhubeka komdlavuza, kuyilapho ukukhawulela ukudla okucutshungulwe kanye nokudla inyama ebomvu ngokweqile kungaba usizo.

Ukuphatha ingcindezi kubaluleke ngokulinganayo, njengoba umthwalo ongokomzwelo wokuphila nomdlavuza ungathinta inhlalakahle yakho iyonke. Cabangela ukuzindla, ukwelulekwa, noma amasu okunciphisa ingcindezi akusebenzelayo. Amadoda amaningi athola ukuthi ukuhlala esebenza futhi ebandakanyeka emisebenzini enenjongo kuyawasiza ukubhekana nokungaqiniseki.

Ziyini izinzuzo zokugadwa okusebenzayo?

Ukuqapha okusebenzayo kunikeza izinzuzo ezinkulu zekhwalithi yempilo ngokukuvumela ukuthi ugweme noma uhlehlise imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa ngenkathi ugcina ukuqapha umdlavuza okusebenzayo. Ungaqhubeka nemisebenzi yakho ejwayelekile, umsebenzi, nobudlelwano ngaphandle kwesikhathi sokululama kanye nezinkinga ezingaba khona zokwelashwa ngokushesha.

Le ndlela igcina ukusebenza kwakho ngokocansi, ukulawula umchamo, kanye nomsebenzi wamathumbu, okungathinteka ngukuhlinzwa noma ukwelashwa ngemisebe. Amadoda amaningi ayakwazisa ukukwazi ukugcina amakhono awo omzimba ngenkathi esathola ukunakekelwa komdlavuza okuhle kakhulu.

Ukuqapha okusebenzayo futhi kukunika isikhathi sokufunda ngomdlavuza wakho nezinketho zokwelashwa ngaphandle kokucindezelwa ukwenza izinqumo ngokushesha. Ungacwaninga ngezindlela ezahlukene, uthole imibono eminingi, futhi uzizwe ulungiseleleke kakhulu uma ekugcineni ukhetha ukwelashwa okusebenzayo.

Ngokombono ongokoqobo, ukuqapha okusebenzayo ngokuvamile kuhilela izindleko eziphansi nesikhathi esincane ngaphandle komsebenzi noma umndeni uma kuqhathaniswa nokwelashwa ngokushesha. Lokhu kunganciphisa ingcindezi yezezimali futhi kukuvumele ukuthi ugxile ekuphileni kwakho ngenkathi uphatha impilo yakho ngendlela enesibopho.

Ziyini izingozi zokugadwa okusebenzayo?

Ingozi enkulu yokuqapha okusebenzayo ukuthi umdlavuza ungaqhubeka ngale kwendawo lapho ukwelashwa kusebenza kakhulu, nakuba le ngozi iphansi uma iqhathaniswa nabantu abakhethwe ngokucophelela. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lisebenza kanzima ukubamba noma yikuphi ukuqhubeka kwangaphambi kwesikhathi, kodwa kuhlale kunokungaqiniseki ekuziphatheni komdlavuza.

Amanye amadoda athola ukukhathazeka okukhulu mayelana nokuphila nomdlavuza ongaphathwanga, okungathinta impilo yabo yengqondo kanye nekhwalithi yempilo. Lokhu kucindezela kwengqondo kuyahlukahluka kakhulu phakathi kwabantu, futhi abanye bathola ukungaqiniseki kucindezela kakhulu kunokubhekana nemiphumela emibi yokwelashwa.

Kukhona futhi nengozi encane yokuthi ama-biopsy aphindwayo angabangela izinkinga ezinjengokutheleleka, ukopha, noma ubuhlungu. Nakuba lezi zinkinga zingavamile, kufanelekile ukuxoxa nodokotela wakho njengengxenye yohlelo lwakho lokuqapha.

Ezimweni ezingavamile, umdlavuza ungase uqhubeke ngokushesha kunokulindelekile phakathi kwama-aphoyintimenti okuqapha, okungenzeka ukuthi kunciphisa izinketho zokwelashwa zesikhathi esizayo. Nokho, izifundo eziningi zibonisa ukuthi amadoda aqapha ngobuqotho abagcina bedinga ukwelashwa banemiphumela efanayo naleyo ethola ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Kufanele ushintshe nini ekuqapheni ngobuqotho uye ekwelashweni?

Ungashintshela ekwelashweni okusebenzayo uma umdlavuza wakho ubonisa izimpawu zokuba nolaka olwengeziwe noma uma izimo zakho zomuntu siqu zishintsha. Udokotela wakho uzokusiza ukuthi uqaphele la maphuzu okubangela nokwenza izinqumo ezihambisana nemigomo yakho yezempilo kanye namanani akho.

Izizathu zezokwelapha zokushintshela ekwelashweni zingabandakanya amazinga e-PSA akhuphukayo, amaphuzu aphezulu e-Gleason kuma-biopsy aphindwayo, noma ivolumu yomdlavuza eyanda. Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela ukuthi yiziphi izinguquko ezithile ecaleni lakho ezingase zidingeke ukuthi ucabangele ukwelashwa.

Izici zomuntu siqu nazo zingathonya isinqumo sokushintshela ekwelashweni. Amanye amadoda akhetha ukwelashwa ngoba awasakwazi ukubhekana nokukhathazeka kokuqapha ngobuqotho, kanti abanye bangase bafune ukubhekana nomdlavuza wabo ngaphambi kwemicimbi emikhulu yempilo noma izinguquko zezempilo.

Isinqumo sokushintshela ekwelashweni ngesakho ngaso sonke isikhathi ukusenza ngesiqondiso sikadokotela wakho. Akunamahloni ekukhetheni ukwelashwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, futhi amadoda amaningi athola impumuzo ekuthathweni indlela esebenzayo yokunakekelwa kwawo komdlavuza lapho ezizwa ekulungele.

Kufanele umbone nini udokotela ngesikhathi sokuqapha ngobuqotho?

Kufanele uthinte udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezintsha noma eziqhubekayo ezingase zibonise ukuqhubeka komdlavuza. Ngenkathi amadoda amaningi ekubhekisiseni okusebenzayo engabi nazimpawu, kubalulekile ukubika noma yiziphi izinguquko ngokushesha.

Izimpawu ezikhathazayo ezidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha zihlanganisa ubunzima bokuchama, igazi emchameni noma emanzini ocansi, ubuhlungu obusha emathangeni akho noma emhlane, noma ukwehla kwesisindo okungachazeki. Lezi zimpawu akudingeki ukuthi zisho ukuthi umdlavuza wakho uqhubekile, kodwa kufanele zihlolwe ngokushesha.

Kufanele futhi uxhumane uma uhlangabezana nokukhathazeka okukhulu noma ukucindezeleka okuhlobene nokuxilongwa komdlavuza wakho. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lingakuxhuma nezinsiza zokwelulekwa noma amaqembu okusekela angakusiza ukubhekana nezici ezingokomzwelo zokubhekisiswa okusebenzayo.

Phakathi kwama-aphoyintimenti ahleliwe, unganqikazi ukushaya ucingo ngemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka mayelana nohlelo lwakho lokuqapha. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lifuna ukuthi uzizwe unolwazi futhi usekelwa kuyo yonke indlela yakho yokubhekisiswa okusebenzayo.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana nokubhekisiswa okusebenzayo komdlavuza wendlala yesinye

Q.1 Ingabe ukubhekisiswa okusebenzayo kuphephile kubo bonke iziguli ezinomdlavuza wendlala yesinye?

Ukubhekisiswa okusebenzayo kuklanyelwe ngokuqondile amadoda anomdlavuza wendlala yesinye ongahambisani nengozi ethile. Udokotela wakho uzohlola izinto ezifana ne-Gleason score yakho, amazinga e-PSA, ivolumu yomdlavuza, nempilo yonke ukuze anqume ukuthi ungumuntu ofanelekayo yini.

Amadoda anomdlavuza wendlala yesinye onengozi ephakathi noma ephezulu ngokuvamile awafaneleki ukubhekisiswa okusebenzayo ngoba umdlavuza wawo maningi amathuba okuqhubeka ngokushesha. Iminyaka yakho, isikhathi sokuphila, nezintandokazi zakho zomuntu siqu nazo zidlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni ukuthi le ndlela ilungile yini kuwe.

Q.2 Ungaphila impilo ejwayelekile ngesikhathi sokubhekisiswa okusebenzayo?

Yebo, amadoda amaningi aqashwe ngokuqapha angakwazi ukuqhubeka nemisebenzi yawo ejwayelekile, umsebenzi, kanye nobuhlobo bawo. Uhlelo lokuqapha ludinga ukuqokwa njalo kodokotela, kodwa lokhu kuvame ukuhlukaniswa ngezinyanga futhi akufanele kuphazamise impilo yakho yansuku zonke.

Amadoda amaningi athola ukuthi ukuqapha okusebenzayo kubavumela ukuthi bagxile ekuphileni ngokugcwele ngenkathi bephatha umdlavuza wabo ngokuzibophezela. Ungahamba, uzivocavoce, usebenze, futhi ujabulele ubuhlobo ngaphandle kwesikhathi sokululama nemiphumela engaba khona emibi yokwelashwa ngokushesha.

Umbuzo 3. Ukuqapha okusebenzayo kuvame ukuthatha isikhathi esingakanani?

Ukuqapha okusebenzayo kungaqhubeka iminyaka eminingi, futhi amanye amadoda awadingi ukushintshela ekwelashweni okusebenzayo. Ubude besikhathi sincike ekuziphatheni komdlavuza wakho, isimo sakho sempilo, kanye nezintandokazi zakho.

Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi cishe ama-30-50% amadoda aqashwe ngokuqapha ekugcineni akhetha ukwelashwa okusebenzayo kungakapheli iminyaka eyi-10, kanti abanye baqhubeka nokuqapha unomphela. Udokotela wakho uzokusiza ukuthi uhlole isimo sakho njalo futhi wenze izinqumo ezizwakala zilungile ezimweni zakho.

Umbuzo 4. Kwenzekani uma uphuthelwa ukuqokwa kokuqapha?

Ukuphuthelwa ukuqokwa ngezikhathi ezithile ngokuvamile akuyona ingozi, kodwa ukuhlala uqotho ohlelweni lwakho lokuqapha kubalulekile ekubambeni noma yikuphi ukuqhubeka komdlavuza kusenesikhathi. Uma uphuthelwa ukuqokwa, xhumana nodokotela wakho ukuze uhlele kabusha ngokushesha okukhulu.

Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha liyaqonda ukuthi izimo zempilo zingaphazamisa ukuqokwa kwezokwelapha. Bangasebenza nawe ukulungisa uhlelo lwakho noma bathole amalungiselelo ahlukile akusiza ukuthi uhlale emgqeni ngohlelo lwakho lokuqapha.

Umbuzo 5. Ingabe zikhona izinguquko zokuphila ezingasiza ngesikhathi sokuqapha okusebenzayo?

Noma kungashintshi indlela yokuphila engaqinisekisi ukuthi umdlavuza ngeke uqhubeke, ukugcina ukudla okunempilo, ukuzivocavoca njalo, nokuphatha ingcindezi kungasekela inhlalakahle yakho yonke ngesikhathi sokugadwa okusebenzayo. Ezinye izifundo zikhomba ukuthi ukukhetha indlela yokuphila enempilo kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukuqhubeka komdlavuza.

Gxila ekudleni izithelo nemifino eningi, ukuhlala usebenza ngokomzimba, ukugcina isisindo esinempilo, nokuphatha ingcindezi ngezindlela ezisebenzelayo kuwe. Lezi zindlela zizuzisa impilo yakho yonke futhi zingakusiza ukuthi uzizwe ulawula kakhulu ngesikhathi sohambo lwakho lomdlavuza.