Yini i-Barium Enema? Inhloso, Inqubo & Imiphumela

I-barium enema ukuhlolwa nge-X-ray kwamathumbu akho amakhulu (ikholoni) okusebenzisa into ehlukile ebizwa nge-barium sulfate ukwenza izindonga zamathumbu akho zibonakale ekuthwebuleni izithombe. Lolu vivinyo lusiza odokotela ukuthi babone ukuma, usayizi, kanye nesimo sekholoni lakho kanye nomlomo wakho ngokuvala umugqa wamathumbu ngamanzi anoshoki abonakala kahle kuma-X-ray.

Cabanga ngakho njengokwengeza ukuhlukahluka esithombeni - i-barium isebenza njengento egqamisa okwenza kube lula kudokotela wakho ukubona noma yiziphi izinguquko noma ukungajwayelekile emgudwini wakho wokugaya ukudla. Ngenkathi izivivinyo ezintsha njenge-colonoscopy zivame ukusetshenziswa namuhla, ama-barium enemas ahlala eyithuluzi elibalulekile lokuxilonga ezimweni ezithile.

Yini i-barium enema?

I-barium enema iyisivivinyo esikhethekile se-X-ray esihlola amathumbu akho amakhulu sisebenzisa i-barium sulfate njengento ehlukile. I-barium iyinto ephephile, enoshoki oyithola ngethubhu elincane elifakwe emthonjeni wakho.

Ngesikhathi senqubo, i-barium igcoba izindonga zangaphakathi zekholoni lakho, izenze zibonakale ezithombeni ze-X-ray. Lokhu kuvumela udokotela wakho ukuthi abone uhlaka nesakhiwo somgudu wakho wamathumbu ngokucacile. Ukuhlolwa kuvame ukuthatha imizuzu engama-30 kuya kwengama-60 futhi kwenziwa emnyangweni we-radiology.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko: i-single-contrast barium enema esebenzisa uketshezi lwe-barium kuphela, kanye ne-double-contrast (air-contrast) barium enema ehlanganisa i-barium nomoya ukuhlinzeka ngezithombe ezinemininingwane eyengeziwe yomugqa wekholoni.

Kungani kwenziwa i-barium enema?

Udokotela wakho angase ancome i-barium enema ukuthi ihlole izimpawu noma iqaphe izimo ezaziwayo ezithinta amathumbu akho amakhulu. Lolu vivinyo lusiza ukuxilonga izinkinga ezihlukahlukene zokugaya ukudla lapho ezinye izindlela zingafaneleki noma zingatholakali.

Izizathu ezivamile zoku-oda lolu vivinyo zihlanganisa izinguquko ezingapheli emikhubeni yamathumbu, ubuhlungu besisu obungachazeki, noma igazi esitulweni sakho. Udokotela wakho angase futhi akusebenzise ukubheka izimo zokuvuvukala kwamathumbu noma ukuhlola izinkinga ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwamathumbu.

Nazi izimo eziyinhloko i-barium enema engasiza ukuzithola:

• Ama-polyps e-Colorectal (ukukhula okuncane odongeni lwama-colon)
• Umkhuhlane we-Colorectal noma ama-tumor
• Isifo sokuvuvukala kwamathumbu (Isifo sikaCrohn noma i-ulcerative colitis)
• I-Diverticulosis (izikhwama ezincane odongeni lwama-colon)
• Ukuvinjelwa kwamathumbu noma ukuncipha
• Ama-hernias athinta amathumbu
• I-Intussusception (lapho ingxenye yamathumbu ishelela kwenye ingxenye)

Udokotela wakho uzocabangela izimpawu zakho ezithile, umlando wezokwelapha, nezinye izinto lapho enquma ukuthi lolu vivinyo lukulungele yini. Ngezikhathi ezithile lukhethwa uma i-colonoscopy ingenzeki noma njengokulandela ezinye izifundo zokuthwebula izithombe.

Yini inqubo ye-barium enema?

Inqubo ye-barium enema yenzeka emnyangweni we-radiology esibhedlela ngemishini ekhethekile ye-X-ray. Uzosebenza ne-radiologic technologist kanye ne-radiologist abazokuqondisa kuzo zonke izinyathelo zenqubo.

Ngaphambi kokuthi ukuhlolwa kuqale, uzoshintsha ugqoke ingubo yesibhedlela bese ulala etafuleni le-X-ray. I-technologist izothatha i-X-ray yokuqala yesisu sakho ukuze ihlole noma yikuphi ukuvinjelwa noma isitulo esiningi esingase siphazamise ukuhlolwa.

Nakhu okwenzekayo ngesikhathi senqubo:

1. Uzoqala ngokulala ngohlangothi lwakho ngenkathi kushuthiswa ngobumnene ishubhu elincane, elinoketshezi oluthambisayo emgodini wakho
2. Ingxube ye-barium igeleza kancane ngeshubhu ingene emathunjini akho amakhulu
3. Uzocelwa ukuthi ushintshe izikhundla (ukulala ngomhlane wakho, ngohlangothi, nasesiswini) ukuze usize i-barium igcwalise zonke izindawo
4. Uchwepheshe we-radiologist uthatha izithombe ze-X-ray ngama-engeli ahlukene
5. Ukuze uthole ucwaningo oluphindwe kabili, umoya nawo wethulwa ukuze wandise amathumbu amakhulu ukuze kubonakale kangcono
6. Ungase uzwe ukuqaqamba noma ukucindezela njengoba amathumbu akho amakhulu egcwalisa, kodwa lokhu kujwayelekile

Inqubo yonke ivame ukuthatha imizuzu engama-30 kuya kwengama-60. Kuzodingeka ukuthi uhlale unganyakazi ngesikhathi sokuchayeka kwe-X-ray, kodwa ungaphefumula ngokujwayelekile. Ithimba lezokwelapha lizoxhumana nawe kuyo yonke inqubo futhi likusize uzizwe ukhululekile ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ungalungiselela kanjani i-barium enema yakho?

Ukulungiselela okufanele kubalulekile ukuze i-barium enema iphumelele ngoba amathumbu akho amakhulu adinga ukuba ahlanzeke ngokuphelele ukuze uthole izithombe ezicacile. Udokotela wakho uzohlinzeka ngemiyalelo ethile, kodwa ukulungiselela kuvame ukuqala izinsuku eziyi-1-2 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwakho.

Ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yokulungiselela ihlanganisa ukuqeda amathumbu akho amakhulu ngokuphelele. Lokhu ngokuvamile kusho ukulandela ukudla oketshezi olucacile nokuthatha izithambisi noma ama-enema njengoba kuqondiswe yithimba lakho lezempilo.

Ukulungiselela kwakho cishe kuzohlanganisa lezi zinyathelo:

• Ukulandela ukudla oketshezi olucacile amahora angu-12-24 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa
• Ukuthatha izithambisi eziqokiwe noma izixazululo zokulungiselela amathumbu
• Ukusetshenziswa kwama-enema kusihlwa ngaphambi noma ekuseni kwenqubo
• Ukuyeka imithi ethile engase iphazamise ukuhlolwa
• Ukugwema imikhiqizo yobisi nokudla okunefayibha ephezulu izinsuku eziningana
• Ukuphuza uketshezi oluningi olucacile ukuze uhlale unamanzi

Qiniseka ukuthi ulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo, ngoba ukulungiselela okungaphelele kungaholela ekubeni nekhwalithi embi yesithombe futhi kungase kudingeke ukuthi kuhlelwe kabusha ukuhlolwa. Uma unesifo sikashukela noma usebenzisa imithi yokunciphisa igazi, xoxa nganoma yiziphi izinto ezikhethekile okufanele zicatshangelwe nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo.

Ungazifunda kanjani imiphumela yakho ye-barium enema?

Uchwepheshe we-radiologist uzohlaziya izithombe zakho ze-barium enema bese ethumela umbiko onemininingwane kudokotela wakho, ngokuvamile phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa. Udokotela wakho uzobe esechaza imiphumela futhi axoxe nganoma yikuphi okutholakele nawe ngesikhathi sokuqokwa okulandelayo.

Imiphumela ejwayelekile ikhombisa ikholoni enezindonga ezibushelelezi, ezijwayelekile futhi ezingenazo izinto ezingavamile, ukuncipha, noma ukuvinjelwa. I-barium kufanele igeleze ngokulinganayo ngayo yonke ingxenye yakho yamathumbu amakhulu, idale izithombe ezicacile zemigqa yemvelo yekholoni kanye nesakhiwo.

Okutholakele okungajwayelekile okungase kuvele ku-barium enema yakho kufaka:

• Ama-polyps avela njengezinto ezincane, eziyindilinga ezigcwalisayo
• Amathumba noma izixuku ezibonisa njengokukhula okungajwayelekile noma ukuvinjelwa
• Ama-Strictures (ukuncipha) avela njengendawo eqinile lapho ukugeleza kwe-barium kukhawulelwe
• I-Diverticulosis ebonakala njengamaphakethe amancane avela odongeni lwekholoni
• Ushintsho oluvuvukalayo olubonisa njengobukhulu obungajwayelekile bodonga noma izilonda
• Ukuvinjelwa kwamathumbu okuvela njengendawo lapho i-barium ingakwazi ukudlula khona

Khumbula ukuthi umphumela ongajwayelekile akusho ngempela umdlavuza noma isimo esibi. Okuningi okutholakele kulungile noma kulula ukukwelapha. Udokotela wakho uzochaza ukuthi yini okungajwayelekile okusho empilweni yakho futhi ancome izinyathelo ezifanele ezilandelayo.

Yiziphi izici eziyingozi zokudinga i-barium enema?

Izici eziningana zingakhuphula amathuba akho okudinga i-barium enema, nakuba ukuhlolwa ngokwako kuvamile ukuthi kuphephile kubantu abaningi. Ukuqonda lezi zici eziyingozi kukusiza wena nodokotela wakho ukuthi nenze izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nempilo yakho yokugaya ukudla.

Ubudala buyinye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu, njengoba izinkinga ze-colorectal zivame kakhulu ngemva kweminyaka engama-50. Umlando womndeni nawo udlala indima ebalulekile, ikakhulukazi uma izihlobo eziseduze zibe nomdlavuza wamathumbu noma isifo samathumbu esivuvukalayo.

Nazi izinto eziyingozi ezingaholela ekudingeni lolu vivinyo:

• Ubudala obungaphezu kweminyaka engama-50
• Umlando womndeni womdlavuza we-colorectal noma ama-polyps
• Umlando womuntu siqu wesifo samathumbu esivuvukalayo
• Izimpawu eziqhubekayo zokugaya ukudla njengegazi esitulweni noma ubuhlungu besisu
• Imiphumela yokuhlolwa okungajwayelekile kwangaphambilini
• Izimo ezithile zofuzo ezandisa ingozi yomdlavuza wamathumbu
• Ukubhema isikhathi eside noma ukusetshenziswa kotshwala obuningi
• Ukudla okunenyama eningi ecubunguliwe futhi enefayibha encane

Noma kunjalo, ukuba nezinto eziyingozi akusho ukuthi ngokuqinisekile uzodinga i-barium enema. Udokotela wakho ucabangela isimo sakho ngasinye, izimpawu, nezinye izinketho zokuhlola ezitholakalayo lapho enza izincomo.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingaba khona ze-barium enema?

Ama-barium enemas ngokuvamile ayizinqubo eziphephile ezinengozi ephansi yezinkinga. Abantu abaningi bathola kuphela ukungakhululeki okuncane ngesikhathi nangemva kokuhlolwa, nezinkinga ezingathi sína ezingavamile.

Imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu yesikhashana futhi iyaphathwa. Ungase uzizwe uqumbile, uqine, noma ube nokungakhululeki okuncane esiswini ngesikhathi senqubo njengoba amathumbu akho ekhula nge-barium nomoya.

Izinkinga ezingaba khona, nakuba zingavamile, zingabandakanya:

• Ukungezwani komzimba ne-barium (okungavamile kakhulu)
• Ukugwazwa kwamathumbu (ukudabuka kodonga lwamathumbu) - akuvamile kodwa kubucayi
• Ukuthuthwa kwe-barium (i-barium eqinile evimba amathumbu) - akuvamile
• Ukomisa emzimbeni ngenxa yokulungiswa kwamathumbu
• Ukuqunjelwa kwesikhashana ngemva kwenqubo
• Ukuphuma kwegazi okuncane noma ukucasuka
• Ukungalingani kwe-electrolyte emithini yokulungiselela

Ingozi yezinkinga ezingathi sína ingaphansi kuka-1 kwizinqubo eziyi-1,000. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha likuqapha ngokucophelela ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa futhi lilungele ukubhekana nanoma yiziphi izinkinga ezingase zivele. Abantu abaningi bayakubekezelela kahle inqubo futhi babuyela emisebenzini ejwayelekile ngosuku olufanayo.

Kufanele ngibone nini udokotela mayelana nemiphumela ye-barium enema?

Kufanele uthinte udokotela wakho uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezikhathazayo ngemuva kwe-barium enema yakho noma uma unemibuzo mayelana nemiphumela yakho. Ngenkathi abantu abaningi belulama ngokushesha, ezinye izimpawu zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Ngemuva kwenqubo, kujwayelekile ukuba nezihlalo ezimhlophe noma ezinombala okhanyayo izinsuku ezimbalwa njengoba i-barium ishiya uhlelo lwakho. Ukuphuza amanzi amaningi kusiza ukukhipha i-barium futhi kuvimbela ukuqunjelwa.

Xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nalokhu:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu noma ukuqaqamba
• Izimpawu zokutheleleka njengomkhuhlane noma ama-chills
• Isicanucanu esiqhubekayo noma ukuhlanza
• Ukungakwazi ukudlulisa igesi noma ukuba nokunyakaza kwamathumbu
• Ukuphuma kwegazi ngomlomo wesinye okungaphezu kokubona okukhanyayo
• Izimpawu zokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni njengokuquleka noma ukoma okukhulu
• Ukuphendula okukhulu komzimba okufana nobunzima bokuphefumula noma ukuvuvukala

Ukuze uthole imiphumela yakho yokuhlolwa, landela nodokotela wakho njengoba kuhleliwe noma ngabe uzizwa kahle. Uma kutholakala okungajwayelekile, udokotela wakho uzokuchaza ukuthi asho ukuthini futhi axoxe nganoma yiziphi ezinye izivivinyo noma ukwelashwa okungadingeka.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana ne-barium enema

Q.1 Ingabe ukuhlolwa kwe-barium enema kulungile ekutholeni umdlavuza wamathumbu?

I-barium enema ingathola imidlavuza eminingi yamathumbu, kodwa ayibhekwa njengendlela engcono kakhulu yokuhlola etholakalayo namuhla. Ngenkathi ingakhombisa izimila, ama-polyps, nezinye izinto ezingajwayelekile, ayizweli kangako kune-colonoscopy ekutholeni ama-polyps amancane noma imidlavuza yesigaba sokuqala.

I-Colonoscopy isahlala iyindinganiso yegolide yokuhlola umdlavuza wamathumbu ngoba ivumela ukubonwa okuqondile nokususwa ngokushesha kwama-polyps. Kodwa-ke, ama-barium enemas angaba usizo uma i-colonoscopy ingenzeka noma njengokulandela ezinye izivivinyo.

Q.2 Ingabe i-barium ihlala ohlelweni lwakho ngemva kokuhlolwa?

I-Barium ngokuvamile isuka ohlelweni lwakho phakathi kwezinsuku ezi-2-3 ngemva kwenqubo. Uzoqaphela izihlalo ezimhlophe noma ezinombala okhanyayo njengoba i-barium idlula ngamathumbu akho okugaya ukudla, okuyinto ejwayelekile ngokuphelele.

Ukuphuza amanzi amaningi ngemva kokuhlolwa kusiza ukugeza i-barium futhi kuvimbela ukuthi ingaqini emathunjini akho. Abantu abaningi badlula yonke i-barium ngokwemvelo ngaphandle kwezinkinga.

Q.3 Ngingadla ngokujwayelekile ngemva kwe-barium enema?

Yebo, ngokuvamile ungaqala kabusha ukudla ngokujwayelekile ngokushesha ngemva kwe-barium enema yakho. Kodwa-ke, qala ngokudla okulula kanye noketshezi oluningi ukusiza uhlelo lwakho lokugaya ukudla ukuthi lululame ekulungiseleleni nasekwenzeni inqubo.

Gxila ekuphuzeni amanzi nasekudleni ukudla okunefayibha ephezulu ukusiza ukuhambisa i-barium esele ngohlelo lwakho. Gwema ukudla okunzima, okunamafutha ngosuku lokuqala njengoba umzimba wakho uzijwayeza ukugaya ukudla okujwayelekile.

Q.4 Iqiniso kangakanani i-barium enema uma iqhathaniswa ne-colonoscopy?

Ama-barium enemas awaqinile njenge-colonoscopy ekutholeni ama-polyps amancane nomdlavuza wesigaba sokuqala. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ama-barium enemas aphuthelwa cishe ama-15-20% wama-polyps abalulekile ukuthi i-colonoscopy ingawathola.

Kodwa-ke, ama-barium enemas asathuluzi eliwusizo lokuxilonga, ikakhulukazi ekutholeni izixuku ezinkulu, ukungajwayeleki kwesakhiwo, nezimo zokuvuvukala. Ukukhetha phakathi kokuhlolwa kuncike esimweni sakho esithile nezidingo zezokwelapha.

Q.5 Zikhona ezinye izindlela ezingasetshenziswa esikhundleni se-barium enema?

Yebo, ziningi ezinye izindlela ezikhona kuye ngokuthi udokotela wakho udinga ukuhlola ini. I-Colonoscopy iyindlela ejwayelekile kakhulu futhi inikeza kokubili amakhono okuxilonga nawokuphulukisa njengoba ama-polyps angasuswa ngesikhathi senqubo.

Ezinye izinketho zifaka phakathi i-CT colonography (i-virtual colonoscopy), i-sigmoidoscopy eguquguqukayo, kanye nezivivinyo ezintsha ezisekelwe esitulweni. Udokotela wakho uzocebisa ngenketho engcono kakhulu ngokusekelwe ezimpawini zakho, izici eziyingozi, kanye nesimo sempilo yakho esiphelele.