Yini i-Brachytherapy? Inhloso, Inqubo & Nemiphumela

I-Brachytherapy wuhlobo oluthile lwemithi yokwelapha ngemisebe olubeka imithombo ye-radioactive ngqo ngaphakathi noma eduze kakhulu nendawo ezelashwayo. Ngokungafani nemisebe yangaphandle ekhishwa ngesikhumba sakho kusuka emishinini engaphandle, lokhu kwelashwa kunikeza imisebe egxilwe ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho. Ivame ukusetshenziselwa iminyango yomdlavuza we-prostate, isitho somlomo wesibeletho, ibele, nezinye izindawo lapho ukugxila okunembile kungenza umehluko wangempela emiphumeleni yakho yokwelashwa.

Yini i-brachytherapy?

I-Brachytherapy isebenza ngokubeka imbewu encane ye-radioactive, izintambo, noma izinto zokusebenzisa ngqo endaweni yomdlavuza. Le ndlela ivumela odokotela ukuthi banikeze umthamo ophezulu wemisebe ngqo lapho idingeka khona ngenkathi bevikelekile izicubu ezinempilo eziseduze. Igama elithi "brachy" livela esiGrekini, okusho "ibanga elifushane," elichaza ngokuphelele ukuthi leli kwelashwa lisebenza kanjani.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ongahlangana nazo. I-High-dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy inikeza imisebe ngokushesha ngama-implants wesikhashana asuswa ngemuva kweseshini ngayinye. I-Low-dose rate (LDR) brachytherapy isebenzisa ama-implants unomphela akhulula imisebe kancane kancane emasontweni noma ezinyangeni kuze kube yilapho engasebenzi.

Udokotela wakho we-oncologist wemisebe uzonquma ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo olusebenza kangcono ohlotsheni lwakho oluthile lomdlavuza, indawo, nesimo sempilo yakho yonke. Ukukhetha kuncike ezintweni ezinjengosayizi womdlavuza, i-anatomy yakho, nokuthi umzimba wakho ungasabela kanjani ezinhlelweni ezahlukene zemisebe.

Kungani i-brachytherapy yenziwa?

I-Brachytherapy inikeza izinzuzo eziningana ezenza ibe yindlela enhle kubantu abaningi abanomdlavuza. Ukunemba kokulethwa kwemisebe yangaphakathi kusho ukuthi imithamo ephezulu ingafinyelela ngokushesha amaseli omdlavuza ngenkathi inciphisa umonakalo ezingxenyeni ezinempilo ezizungezile. Le ndlela eqondiwe ivame ukuholela emiphumeleni engcono yokwelashwa enezithombe ezimbalwa ezingezinhle uma kuqhathaniswa nemisebe yangaphandle yodwa.

Udktela wakho angase ancome i-brachytherapy uma unezinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza ezisabela kahle kule ndlela yokwelapha. Nazi izimo ezivame kakhulu lapho le therapy ibonakala isebenza kahle khona:

• Umkhuhlane womdlavuza wendlala yesinye, ikakhulukazi isifo esisekuqaleni lapho imbewu ingafakwa unomphela
• Umkhuhlane womdlavuza wesibeletho, lapho ama-applicator engathumela imisebe ngqo esibelethweni kanye nezicubu ezizungezile
• Umkhuhlane womdlavuza wamabele, ikakhulukazi ngemva kwe-lumpectomy ukwelapha indawo yokuhlinzwa
• Umkhuhlane womdlavuza we-endometrial, lapho ama-applicator angaphakathi angahlasela umugqa wesibeletho
• Imikhuhlane yomdlavuza yesikhumba ezindaweni lapho imisebe yangaphandle ingase ibe yinselele
• Imikhuhlane yomdlavuza wamehlo, lapho ama-plaques amancane engelapha izimila ngenkathi egcina umbono

Ngezinye izikhathi i-brachytherapy isetshenziswa kanye nemisebe yangaphandle noma ukuhlinzwa njengengxenye yohlelo olubanzi lokwelapha. Ithimba lakho le-oncology lizoxoxa ukuthi le ndlela yokuhlanganisa ingase izuze esimweni sakho esithile.

Yini inqubo ye-brachytherapy?

Inqubo ye-brachytherapy iyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lokufakelwa kanye nendawo ezelashwayo. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokuhambisa kuzo zonke izinyathelo ngaphambi kwesikhathi ukuze wazi kahle ukuthi yini ongayilindela. Izindlela eziningi zenziwa esibhedlela noma esikhungweni sokwelapha esikhethekile ngesiqondiso sokucabanga ukuqinisekisa ukubekwa okunembile.

Ngaphambi kwenqubo yakho, uzothola imiyalelo ethile mayelana nokudla, ukuphuza, kanye nemithi. Ungase udinge ukuyeka imithi ethile yokunciphisa igazi noma ulandele imihlahlandlela ekhethekile yokudla. Udktela wakho uzophinde axoxe ngezinketho ze-anesthesia, ezingahluka kusuka ekuthuthukiseni kwendawo kuya ku-anesthesia ejwayelekile kuye ngobunzima bokwelashwa kwakho.

Nakhu okwenzekayo ngesikhathi senqubo:

1. Uzoqiniswa kahle etafuleni lokwelapha, futhi indawo yokwelapha izohlanjululwa futhi ilungiswe
2. I-anesthesia izonikezwa ngokohlelo lwakho lokwelapha
3. Kusetshenziswa isiqondiso sokucabanga njenge-ultrasound noma ama-CT scans, udokotela wakho uzoqondisa ngokuqondile imithombo ye-radioactive
4. Ngezitshalo zesikhashana, imithombo izoxhunywa emshinini olawulwa yikhompyutha oletha umthamo ohleliwe
5. Ngezitshalo ezingunaphakade, imbewu emincane izobekwa futhi ihlale emzimbeni wakho unomphela
6. Indawo yokwelapha izobhekwa, futhi uzothuthwa endaweni yokululama

Isikhathi sangempela sokulethwa kwemisebe singahluka kusuka kumaminithi ambalwa kuya emahoreni ambalwa, kuye ngohlobo lwakho lokwelapha. Izitshalo zembewu ezingunaphakade ngokuvamile zithatha ihora elingu-1-2 ukuzibeka, kuyilapho ukwelashwa kwesikhashana kungase kudingeke izikhathi eziningi ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.

Ungalungiselela kanjani i-brachytherapy yakho?

Ukulungiselela i-brachytherapy kuhilela ukulungela ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizohlinzeka ngemiyalelo enemininingwane eyenzelwe uhlobo lwakho oluthile lokwelapha kanye nomlando wezokwelapha. Ukulandela lezi ziqondiso ngokucophelela kusiza ukuqinisekisa umphumela wokwelapha ongcono kakhulu futhi kunciphisa ingozi yezinkinga.

Ukulungiselela kwakho kungase kuhlanganise ukuqokwa okuningana kwezokwelapha ngaphambi kwenqubo yangempela. Cishe uzoba nama-imaging scans ukusiza udokotela wakho ukuthi ahlele ukubekwa okuqondile kwemithombo ye-radioactive. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungase kudingeke ukuhlola impilo yakho yonke futhi uqinisekise ukuthi usukulungele inqubo.

Nansi izinyathelo ezibalulekile zokulungiselela okungenzeka udinga ukuzilandela:

• Misa ukuthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi njengoba uqondiswe udokotela wakho, ngokuvamile izinsuku eziyi-7-10 ngaphambi kokwelashwa
• Landela imiyalelo ethile yokudla, engase ihlanganise ukugwema ukudla okuthile noma ukuzila ukudla ngaphambi kwenqubo
• Lungiselela othile ukuthi akuqhubele ekhaya ngemva kwenqubo, njengoba ungase uzizwe ubuthuntu ngenxa ye-anesthesia
• Qedela noma yikuphi ukulungiswa kwamathumbu okudingekayo uma ukwelashwa kwakho kuhilela indawo ye-pelvic
• Geza ngensipho elwa namagciwane ekuseni ngosuku lwenqubo yakho
• Gqoka izingubo ezikhululekile, ezixekile eziya ekuqokweni kwakho
• Susa ubucwebe, amazinyo okwenziwa, noma ezinye izinto zensimbi ezingase ziphazamise ukucabanga

Unganqikazi ukubuza imibuzo nganoma iyiphi ingxenye yenqubo yokulungiselela. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lifuna ukuthi uzizwe uqiniseka futhi ulungiselelwe usuku lwakho lokwelashwa.

Ungawafunda kanjani imiphumela yakho ye-brachytherapy?

Imiphumela ye-Brachytherapy ilinganiswa ngendlela ehlukile kunezinye izivivinyo eziningi zezokwelapha ngoba ukusebenza kokwelashwa kuvela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Udokotela wakho uzoqapha inqubekela phambili yakho ngokuqokwa okuvamile kokulandela, izifundo zokucabanga, nezivivinyo ezithile ezihlobene nohlobo lwakho lomdlavuza. Umgomo uwukubona ubufakazi bokuthi umdlavuza uyasabela ekwelashweni ngenkathi uqinisekisa ukuthi izicubu zakho ezinempilo zihlala zivikelekile.

Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizolandelela izinkomba eziningana ezibalulekile ngesikhathi sokululama kwakho nokunakekelwa okulandelayo. Lezi zimaki zisiza ukunquma ukuthi ukwelashwa kusebenza kahle kangakanani nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini ukulungiswa ohlelweni lwakho lokunakekelwa okudingekayo. Ukuqonda lezi zilinganiso kungakusiza ukuthi uzizwe uhilelekile ohambweni lwakho lokwelashwa.

Udokotela wakho uzoqapha lezi zindawo ezibalulekile:

• Ukusabela komdlavuza ngokusebenzisa izithombe zokuhlola ezifana ne-CT, i-MRI, noma izithombe ze-PET ngezikhathi ezithile
• Amazinga e-marker yomdlavuza egazini lakho, ahlukahluka ngokuya ngohlobo lomdlavuza wakho
• Okutholwe ekuhlolweni komzimba endaweni yokwelashwa
• Ukuhlolwa kwemiphumela emibi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi uyakwazi ukubekezelela ukwelashwa kahle
• Izinyathelo zekhwalithi yempilo ukubhekana nanoma yiziphi izinkathazo mayelana nemisebenzi yansuku zonke
• Ukugadwa kwesikhathi eside ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi umdlavuza awuphindi noma imidlavaza emisha

Isikhathi sokubona imiphumela siyahluka kakhulu ngokuya ngohlobo lomdlavuza wakho kanye nendlela yokwelashwa. Ezinye iziguli zibona ngcono emasontweni ambalwa, kanti ezinye zingase zidinge izinyanga eziningana ukuze zibone imiphumela ephelele yokwelashwa. Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela ukuthi yini ongayilindela esimweni sakho esithile.

Ziyini izici eziyingozi zezinkinga ze-brachytherapy?

Ngenkathi i-brachytherapy ngokuvamile iphephile futhi ibekezeleleka kahle, izici ezithile zingakhuphula ingozi yakho yokuba nemiphumela emibi noma izinkinga. Ukuqonda lezi zici eziyingozi kukusiza wena nethimba lakho lezempilo ukuthi nithathe izinyathelo ezifanele futhi niqaphe intuthuko yakho ngokucophelela. Izinkinga eziningi ziyalawuleka uma zitholwa ngokushesha futhi zelashwa ngokushesha.

Ubungozi bakho ngabanye buxhomeke ezintweni eziningana eziphathelene nomuntu kanye nokwelashwa. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizohlola lezi zinto ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokuncoma i-brachytherapy futhi lizoxoxa nganoma yiziphi izinkathazo ezithinta isimo sakho. Ukuqaphela lezi zici kukusiza ukuthi wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nokwelashwa kwakho.

Nazi izici eziyingozi eziyinhloko ezingase zikhuphule ithuba lakho lezinkinga:

• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kwangaphambilini endaweni efanayo, okungandisa ukuzwela emisebeni eyengeziwe
• Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha njengesifo sikashukela noma izifo ezizilimazayo ezithinta ukuphola
• Ubudala obuthuthukile, nakuba lokhu kuphela akukukhiphi ekwelashweni
• Impilo ebuthakathaka iyonke noma izimo eziningi zezokwelapha
• Ukubhema, okunganciphisa ukuphola futhi kwandise ingozi yokutheleleka
• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile, okungenza ukubekwa kwe-implant kube yinselele enkulu
• Izifo zokujiya kwegazi ezingase zithinte ikhono lakho lokuphola kahle
• Imithi ecindezela amasosha akho omzimba

Udokotela wakho uzosebenza nawe ukunciphisa lezi zingozi noma nini lapho kungenzeka. Lokhu kungabandakanya ukuthuthukisa impilo yakho ngaphambi kokwelashwa, ukulungisa imithi, noma ukukhetha amasu athile asebenza kahle esimweni sakho.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingase zibe khona ze-brachytherapy?

Izinkinga ze-Brachytherapy zingahluka kusukela emiphumeleni emincane, yesikhashana kuya ezindabeni ezingathi sína kodwa ezingavamile zesikhathi eside. Iningi leziguli lithola imiphumela engalawuleki ethuthuka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi njengoba izicubu ezinempilo ziphola. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizokuqapha ngokucophelela futhi linikeze ukwelashwa ukusiza ukulawula noma yiziphi izinkinga eziphakamayo.

Izinkinga ezithile ongase uzithole zincike kakhulu endaweni yokwelashwa kanye nezici zakho zempilo. Ukuqonda ukuthi yini okufanele uyibheke kukusiza ukuthi ufune ukunakekelwa okufanele ngokushesha uma izinkinga zivela. Khumbula ukuthi ukuthola imiphumela emibi akusho ukuthi ukwelashwa kwakho akusebenzi.

Nawa amanye amazwi ajwayelekile ongase uhlangabezane nawo:

• Ukukhathala okungase kuhlale amasonto amaningana njengoba umzimba wakho ululama emisebeni
• Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba noma izinguquko endaweni ezelashwayo, okuhlanganisa ukubomvu noma ukuzwela
• Ukuvuvukala eduze kwendawo yokufakelwa, okuvame ukuxazululwa ezinsukwini noma emasontweni
• Ubuhlungu besikhashana noma ukungakhululeki okungalawulwa ngemithi efanele
• Izimpawu zomchamo njengokuvama noma ukusha uma indawo yokwelapha iseduze nomchamo
• Ushintsho emathunjini okuhlanganisa isifo sohudo noma ukucasuka kwamathumbu ekwelashweni kwesisu
• Ushintsho emsebenzini wezocansi, ikakhulukazi ekwelashweni komdlavuza wendlala yesinye noma wezifo zabesifazane

Izinkinga ezingathi sína kodwa ezingavamile zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukopha okukhulu, izimpawu zokutheleleka njengomkhuhlane noma ukukhishwa okungajwayelekile, noma ubuhlungu obukhulu obungathuthuki ngemithi enikeziwe. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokunikeza imihlahlandlela ethile mayelana nokuthi ungabiza nini usizo.

Kufanele ngibone nini udokotela ngezinkinga ze-brachytherapy?

Ukwazi ukuthi ungaxhumana nini nethimba lakho lezempilo ngemva kwe-brachytherapy kubalulekile ekuphepheni kwakho nasekuthuthukiseni ukwelashwa. Nakuba eminye imiphumela emibi ilindelekile futhi ingalawulwa ekhaya, eminye idinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha. Udokotela wakho uzohlinzeka ngemihlahlandlela ethile mayelana nezimpawu zokuxwayisa okufanele uziqaphele ngokusekelwe ohlotsheni lwakho lokwelashwa.

Unganqikazi ukuxhumana nethimba lakho lezokwelapha ngemibuzo noma izinkathazo, ngisho noma ungaqiniseki ukuthi okuthile kungathi sína yini. Bangathanda ukuzwa kuwe ngodaba oluncane kunokuba ulinde isikhathi eside ukuze ubhekane nenkinga enkulu. Izikhungo eziningi zokwelapha zinezinombolo zokuxhumana ezihora ezingama-24 zezimo eziphuthumayo.

Xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi lezi zimpawu zokuxwayisa:

\n
• Umkhuhlane ongaphezu kuka-101°F (38.3°C) noma amaqhafuza, okungase kubonise ukutheleleka
\n
• Ukuphuma kwegazi eliningi endaweni yokwelashwa okungami ngomfutho omnene
\n
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu obungathuthuki ngemithi ebhalwe ukuthi idambise ubuhlungu
\n
• Izimpawu zokutheleleka njengokuphuma okungavamile, ukubomvu okwanda, noma ukushisa
\n
• Ubunzima bokuchama noma ukungakwazi nhlobo ukuchama
\n
• Isicanucanu esikhulu noma ukuhlanza okukuvimbela ukuthi ungagcini uketshezi
\n
• Ukuphefumula ngokushesha noma ubuhlungu besifuba
\n
• Noma yikuphi ukufakelwa noma imbewu ebonakala sengathi ihambile noma iwile
\n

Kufanele futhi uhlele ama-aphoyintimenti okuqapha njalo ngisho noma uzizwa kahle. Lokhu kuvakasha kuvumela udokotela wakho ukuthi aqaphe inqubekela phambili yakho, ahlole noma yiziphi izinkinga ezivelayo, futhi alungise uhlelo lwakho lokunakekela njengoba kudingeka.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana ne-brachytherapy

Q.1 Ingabe i-brachytherapy ingcono kune-radiation yangaphandle?

I-Brachytherapy inikeza izinzuzo eziyingqayizivele ngeminyaka ethile yomdlavuza, kodwa akudingeki ukuthi

Izinga lakho le-radioactivity ngemva kwe-brachytherapy lincike ohlotsheni lokwelashwa olutholayo. Ngezinto zokufakelwa zesikhashana, uzoba yi-radioactive kuphela ngenkathi imithombo ikhona, futhi akukho radioactivity esele ngemva kokuthi isusiwe. Ngezinto zokufakelwa zembewu ezingapheli, uzokhipha amazinga aphansi emisebe amasonto amaningana kuya ezinyangeni, kodwa lokhu kuyancipha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizohlinzeka ngemihlahlandlela ethile mayelana nezinyathelo zokuphepha emisebeni uma kudingeka. Lokhu kungabandakanya ukukhawulela okwesikhashana ukuxhumana eduze nabesifazane abakhulelwe kanye nezingane ezincane, noma ukugwema izithuthi zomphakathi isikhathi esifushane. Iziguli eziningi zingaqala kabusha imisebenzi ejwayelekile phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa kuya emavikini, kuye ngohlobo lwabo lokwelashwa.

Q.3 Ithatha isikhathi esingakanani ukwelashwa kwe-brachytherapy?

Ubude be-brachytherapy buhlukahluka kakhulu ngokuya ngohlobo lokwelashwa nendawo ezelashwayo. Izinto zokufakelwa zembewu ezingapheli ngokuvamile zithatha ihora elingu-1-2 ukuzibeka ngenqubo yeziguli eziphuthumayo. Ukwelashwa ngamanani aphezulu kungase kudingeke izikhathi eziningi ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, ngeseshini ngayinye ethatha imizuzu engu-10-30 yokulethwa kwemisebe.

Ukwelashwa ngamanani aphansi ngemithombo yesikhashana kungase kudingeke ukuthi uhlale esibhedlela izinsuku ezingu-1-7 ngenkathi imithombo isekhona. Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela umugqa wesikhathi othile wokwelashwa kwakho futhi akusize ukuthi uhlele ngokufanele isikhathi sokungasebenzi noma ukuhlela usizo ekhaya.

Q.4 Ngingahamba yini ngemva kwe-brachytherapy?

Imikhawulo yokuhamba ngemva kwe-brachytherapy incike ohlotsheni lwakho lokwelashwa nesikhathi. Uma unezimbewu ezingapheli ze-radioactive, kungase kudingeke ukuthi ugweme ukuhamba ngomoya amasonto ambalwa ngoba izithwebuli zokuphepha zesikhumulo sezindiza zingathola izinto ze-radioactive. Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza ikhadi lesikhwama esichaza ukwelashwa kwakho uma kudingeka.

Ukuze uthole ukwelashwa okwesikhashana kokufakelwa, ngokuvamile ungahamba uma usululame emsebenzini uqobo, ngokuvamile phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa kuya evikini. Njalo xoxa ngezinhlelo zokuhamba nethimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo, ikakhulukazi uma uhlela ukuba kude ngesikhathi sokuqokwa kwakho okulandelayo.

Q.5 Ingabe i-brachytherapy ibuhlungu?

Iningi leziguli lizwa ukungakhululeki ngesikhathi nangemva kwe-brachytherapy, kodwa ubuhlungu obukhulu abavamile. Inqubo yokufaka i-implant ngokuvamile yenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia, ngakho akufanele uzwe ubuhlungu ngesikhathi sokwelashwa uqobo. Ngemva kwalokho, ungase uzwe ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, noma ukuqaqamba endaweni yokwelashwa.

Ithimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lizohlinzeka ngamasu okulawula ubuhlungu okuhlanganisa imithi, izindlela zokubeka, nezinye izindlela zokunethezeka. Ukungakhululeki okuningi kulula kuya kokulingene futhi kuthuthuka phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa kuya emavikini njengoba ukuphola kuqhubeka. Unganqikazi ukucela usizo ekuphatheni noma yibuphi ubuhlungu obuzwayo.