Kuyini Ukuphakamisa Ibhrawu? Inhloso, Inqubo & Imiphumela

Ukuphakamisa ibhrawu kuyinqubo yokuhlinzwa yobuhle ephakamisa futhi ibeke kabusha amabhrawu akho ukuze idale ukubukeka okusha, okusha. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kubhekana namabhrawu ahluphekayo noma alengayo angakwenza ubukeke ukhathele, uthukuthele, noma umdala kunokuzizwa kwakho.

Le nqubo isebenza ngokususa isikhumba esiningi nokuqinisa imisipha ezungeze indawo yakho yesiphongo. Abantu abaningi bakhetha lokhu kuhlinzwa lapho beqaphela ukuthi amabhrawu abo awele ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okudala ukumboza phezu kwamehlo abo noma imibimbi ejulile yesiphongo ebabenza bazizwe benamahloni.

Kuyini ukuphakamisa ibhrawu?

Ukuphakamisa ibhrawu, okubizwa nangokuthi ukuphakamisa isiphongo, kuyinqubo yokuhlinzwa ephakamisa amabhrawu alengayo futhi ibusheleleze imibimbi yesiphongo. Ukuhlinzwa kubeka kabusha umugqa wakho webhrawu endaweni esencane, ngokuvamile ukuphakamisa ngamamilimitha ambalwa.

Ngesikhathi senqubo, udokotela ohlinzayo ususa isikhumba esiningi futhi ulungise imisipha nezicubu ezingaphansi. Lokhu kudala ukubukeka okuvulekile, okuqaphile emehlweni akho futhi kungasiza ukunciphisa ukubukeka kokuguga ebusweni bakho obungaphezulu.

Kunezindlela eziningana ezahlukene udokotela ohlinzayo angazisebenzisa, kuye ngezidingo zakho ezithile nesakhiwo sobuso. Ukukhetha indlela kuthinta kokubili imiphumela nesikhathi sakho sokululama.

Kungani kwenziwa ukuphakamisa ibhrawu?

Ukuphakamisa ibhrawu kubhekana nenqubo yokuguga yemvelo ebangela amabhrawu akho ukuthi ehle kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Njengoba ukhula, isikhumba sakho silahlekelwa ukunwebeka futhi imisipha esiphongweni sakho iyaphela amandla, okwenza amabhrawu akho awe.

Lokhu kwehlela kungadala izinkinga eziningana ezingase zikuqhubekisele ukuthi ucabange ngokuhlinzwa. Amehlo akho angase abonakale mancane noma embozwe kakhulu, ekunikeza ukubonakala okukhathele noma okuqinile ngisho nalapho uzizwa ujabule futhi unamandla.

Nazi izizathu eziyinhloko abantu abakhetha ukuhlinzwa ngokuphakamisa ibhrawu:

• Amehlo akhuphukayo akwenza ubukeke ukhathele noma uthukuthele
• Imibimbi emikhulu evundlile ebunzini engeke ithuthuke ngemithi engahlinzeki
• Imigqa eqondile yokukhwinya phakathi kwamehlo akho
• Isikhumba esiningi esilenga phezu kwamazombe akho angaphezulu
• Amehlo angalingani lapho elinye lihlezi liphakeme kunelokunye
• Amehlo abukeka esindayo okwenza amehlo akho abonakale mancane

Ngezinye izikhathi abantu bakhetha nokuhlinzwa okunjalo ukuze kugcwaliswe ezinye izinqubo zobuso ezinjengokuhlinzwa kwamazombe noma i-facelift. Inhlanganisela ingakha imiphumela evumelanayo, ebukeka ngokwemvelo.

Yini inqubo yokuphakamisa amashiya?

Inqubo yokuphakamisa amashiya ngokuvamile ithatha ihora elingu-1-2 futhi ivame ukwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile noma i-anesthesia yendawo enokuthulisa. Udokotela ohlinzayo uzoxoxa ngendlela engcono kakhulu yesimo sakho esithile ngesikhathi sokubonisana kwakho.

Kunezindlela eziningana zokuhlinza ezihlukene, futhi udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uzokhetha leyo evumelana kangcono ne-anatomy yakho nemiphumela oyifunayo. Ake ngikuhambise ngezindlela ezivamile kakhulu:

I-Endoscopic Brow Lift

Le ndlela encane yokuhlasela isebenzisa ukusikwa okuncane okufihlwe ngaphakathi komugqa wakho wezinwele. Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo ufaka ikhamera encane ebizwa nge-endoscope ngalezi zinqumo ukuze abuke futhi alungise izicubu ezingaphansi.

Indlela ye-endoscopic ngokuvamile ibangela ukulimala okuncane kanye nezikhathi zokululama ngokushesha. Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo angaphakamisa ngokuqondile futhi abeke kabusha amashiya akho ngenkathi enciphisa ukulimala ezicutshini eziqashile.

I-Coronal Brow Lift

Le ndlela yendabuko ihlanganisa ukusikwa okude ngaphezulu kwekhanda lakho, ukusuka endlebeni kuya endlebeni, okufihlwe ngaphakathi komugqa wakho wezinwele. Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uphakamisa yonke indawo yebunzi futhi ususa isikhumba esiningi ngaphambi kokubeka kabusha konke.

Ngenkathi le ndlela idinga isikhathi eside sokululama, inganikeza imiphumela emangalisayo kubantu abanezinkinga ezinkulu noma imibimbi ejulile. Isebenza kahle ikakhulukazi kulabo abanezinkophe eziphakeme ezingakwazi ukuhambisa izinwele zabo emuva kancane.

Ukunyusa Ibhrawu Lesikhashana

Le ndlela egxile ekuhlosweni ithinta izingxenye zangaphandle zamashiya akho ngokusika okuncane ethempelini lakho. Ilungele uma udinga nje ukuphakanyiswa endaweni yangaphandle yebhrawu.

Ukunyusa kwesikhashana kuvame ukuhlanganiswa nokuhlinzwa kweliso futhi kunikeza imiphumela emihle kodwa ephumelelayo ngesikhathi esincane sokuphumula. Ukululama kuvame ukushesha kunezinye izindlela.

Ungalungiselela kanjani ukunyusa ibhrawu lakho?

Ukulungiselela ukuhlinzwa kwakho kwebhrawu kuhilela izinyathelo eziningana ezibalulekile ukuqinisekisa umphumela ongcono kakhulu nokululama okubushelelezi. Udokotela ohlinzayo uzonikeza imiyalelo ethile ngokususelwa empilweni yakho kanye nendlela esetshenziswayo.

Okokuqala, uzodinga ukuhlela ukuthi othile akuqhubele ekhaya ngemuva kokuhlinzwa futhi ahlale nawe okungenani ebusuku bokuqala. Imiphumela ye-anesthesia ingahlala amahora amaningana, futhi uzodinga usizo ngemisebenzi eyisisekelo ekuqaleni.

Nazi izinyathelo ezibalulekile zokulungiselela okudingeka uzilandele:

• Yeka ukuthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi efana ne-aspirin, i-ibuprofen, nezinye izithasiselo amasonto angu-1-2 ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa
• Hlela isikhathi sokuphumula emsebenzini (ngokuvamile amasonto angu-1-2 kuye ngomsebenzi wakho)
• Gcina ukudla okuthambile nokudla okulula ukukulungisa
• Gcwalisa noma yimiphi imithi echaziwe ngaphambi kosuku lwakho lokuhlinzwa
• Geza izinwele zakho ngobusuku obandulela ukuhlinzwa, njengoba kungenzeka ukuthi ngeke ukwazi ukuzigeza ngendlela ejwayelekile izinsuku eziningana
• Susa yonke imake-up, ubucwebe, kanye nama-contact lenses ngaphambi kokufika esikhungweni sokuhlinzwa
• Gqoka izingubo ezikhululekile, ezikhululekile ezinamabhathini noma ziphuphu ngaphambili

Udktela wakho ohlinzayo angase futhi ancome ukuyeka ukubhema okungenani amasonto angu-2-4 ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, njengoba ukubhema kungase kuphazamise kakhulu ukuphola futhi kwandise izinkinga. Uma unezimo zempilo ezingaphansi, qiniseka ukuthi zilawulwa kahle ngaphambi kwenqubo yakho.

Ungawafunda kanjani imiphumela yakho yokuphakamisa amashiya?

Ukuqonda imiphumela yakho yokuphakamisa amashiya kuhilela ukuqaphela kokubili izinguquko eziqondile kanye nokuthuthuka kancane kancane okwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuphola. Ngemva nje kokuhlinzwa, uzoqaphela ukuthi amashiya akho abekwe phezulu, kodwa ukuvuvukala nokulimala kuzofihla imiphumela yakho yokugcina ekuqaleni.

Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala, ungalindela ukuvuvukala okukhulu nokulimala emabhunzini akho nasemehlweni. Lokhu kujwayelekile ngokuphelele futhi akubonisi umphumela wakho wokugcina. Amashiya akho angase avele aphakeme kunalokho obukulindele ekuqaleni ngenxa yokuvuvukala.

Nakhu ongakulindela ngesikhathi somugqa wakho wesikhathi sokululama:

• Iviki 1: Ukuvuvukala nokulimala okuphezulu, amashiya angase avele aphakanyiswe kakhulu
• Amasonto 2-4: Ukuvuvukala kuqala ukwehla, isikhundla samashiya esingokwemvelo sivele kakhulu
• Izinyanga 2-3: Ukuvuvukala okuningi kuyancipha, imiphumela iba sobala kakhulu
• Izinyanga 6-12: Imiphumela yokugcina ibonakala njengoba zonke izicubu zizinzisa endaweni yazo entsha

Imiphumela emihle ngokuvamile ihlanganisa ukubukeka okusha, okuqaphile ngamashiya abekwe ngokwemvelo. Ibunzi lakho kufanele libukeke bushelelezi, futhi amehlo akho angase abukeke emakhulu futhi evulekile. Imiphumela kufanele ibukeke ingokwemvelo, ingadonswanga noma ingeyokwenziwa.

Ungayigcina kanjani imiphumela yakho yokuphakamisa amashiya?

Ukugcina imiphumela yakho yokuphakamisa amashiya kuhilela kokubili ukunakekelwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa ngokushesha kanye nezindlela zokuphila zesikhathi eside. Ukunakekelwa okufanele ngesikhathi senqubo yokuphola kuqinisekisa imiphumela emihle, kuyilapho ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo kusiza ukugcina utshalomali lwakho iminyaka ezayo.

Ngesonto lokuqala, ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngemva kokuhlinzwa kubalulekile ukuze ululame kahle. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukugcina ikhanda lakho liphakeme, ukugwema imisebenzi enzima, nokuvikela izindawo zakho zokuhlinzwa ekukhanyeni kwelanga.

Nawa amasu okugcina imiphumela yesikhathi eside:

• Vikela isikhumba sakho ekulimaleni ilanga nge-SPF 30 noma ngaphezulu nsuku zonke
• Sebenzisa imikhiqizo yokunakekela isikhumba enomusa, enamanzi ukuze ugcine isikhumba sakho siphilile
• Cabangela ukwelashwa okuchwepheshile njenge-Botox ukuvimbela imibimbi emisha ukuthi ingakheki
• Gcina indlela yokuphila enempilo ngokudla okunomsoco nokulala okwanele
• Gwema ukubhema, okusheshisa ukuguga futhi kungase kuphazamise imiphumela yakho
• Xhumana nodokotela wakho ohlinzayo njengoba kunconyiwe ukuze uqashwe

Abantu abaningi bayayijabulela imiphumela yabo yokuphakamisa amashiya iminyaka engu-10-15 noma ngaphezulu. Ngenkathi ukuguga kuqhubeka, ibunzi lakho lizoguga lisuka endaweni yalo entsha, enobusha obuningi, okusho ukuthi uzoqhubeka nokubukeka ungcono kunalokho obuzokwenza ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa.

Ziyini izici eziyingozi zezinkinga zokuphakamisa amashiya?

Njenganoma yiluphi uhlobo lokuhlinzwa, ukuhlinzwa kokuphakamisa amashiya kuthwala izingozi ezithile okufanele uziqonde ngaphambi kokwenza isinqumo sakho. Abantu abaningi bathola ukululama okubushelelezi, kodwa ukwazi izinkinga ezingaba khona kukusiza ukuthi wenze ukukhetha okwazisiwe.

Izici ezithile zingakhuphula ingozi yakho yezinkinga, nakuba udokotela wakho ohlinzayo ezohlola lezi ngesikhathi sokubonisana kwakho. Ubudala, impilo yonke, nezindlela zokuphila konke kunendima ekunqumeni izinga lakho eliyingozi.

Izici eziyingozi ezivamile ezingase zikhuphule izinkinga zihlanganisa:

• Ukubhema noma ukusebenzisa ugwayi, okuphazamisa ukuphola futhi kwandise ingozi yokutheleleka
• Isifo sikashukela esingalawuleki noma ezinye izimo zempilo ezingamahlalakhona
• Umlando wokuphola kwamanxeba okungahambi kahle noma ukulimala kwe-keloid
• Ukuphuza imithi yokunciphisa igazi okwandisa ingozi yokopha
• Ukuhlinzwa kwangaphambilini ebunzini noma ekhanda okungase kuthinte ukuphola
• Ukulindela okungokoqobo ngemiphumela

Izinkinga ezingavamile kodwa ezinzima zingabandakanya ukulimala kwemizwa okuholela ebuthakathakeni ebusweni, ukungalingani okukhulu, noma ukulahlekelwa izinwele emgqeni wokuhlinza. Udokotela ohlinzayo uzoxoxa ngalezi zingozi ngemininingwane futhi akusize uqonde ukuthi zisebenza kanjani esimweni sakho esithile.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona zokuhlinzwa kwe-brow lift?

Ngenkathi ukuhlinzwa kwe-brow lift ngokuvamile kuphephile uma kwenziwa odokotela abahlinzayo abaqeqeshiwe, ukuqonda izinkinga ezingaba khona kukusiza ukuthi wenze isinqumo esinolwazi. Izinkinga eziningi zisesikhashana futhi zixazululwa ngokunakekelwa okufanele, kodwa ezinye zingase zidinge ukwelashwa okwengeziwe.

Izinkinga ezivame kakhulu ngokuvamile zincane futhi zesikhashana, zithinta induduzo yakho ngesikhathi sokululama kunemiphumela yakho yokugcina. Lokhu kuvame ukuxazululwa emasontweni ambalwa kuya ezinyangeni njengoba umzimba wakho uphola.

Nazi izinkinga ezibikwa kaningi:

• Ukuba ndikindiki kwesikhashana noma ukuluma endaweni yebunzi nekhanda
• Ukuvuvukala nokulimala okuthatha isikhathi eside kunokulindelekile ukuthi kulungiswe
• Ukulahlekelwa izinwele kwesikhashana ngemigqa yokuhlinza
• Ukutheleleka ezindaweni zokuhlinza okudinga ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic
• Ukungalingani phakathi kwemashi okungase kudingeke ukuthi kulungiswe kancane
• Ukulimala okubonakalayo, nakuba lokhu kungavamile ngobuchwepheshe obufanele
• Ubunzima besikhashana bokuhambisa amashi akho noma ukwenza izinkulumo zobuso

Izinkinga ezingathi sína kodwa ezingavamile zihlanganisa ukulimala kwemizwa unomphela okuthinta ukunyakaza kobuso, ukulimala okukhulu, noma imiphumela engahlangabezani nokulindela kwakho. Lezi zimo ngezinye izikhathi zidinga ukuhlinzwa kokulungisa ukuze kulungiswe.

Udktela wakho ohlinzayo uzokugada eduze ngesikhathi sokululama futhi anikeze isiqondiso sokuthi kufanele ufune nini ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Izinkinga eziningi zingelashwa ngempumelelo uma zitholwe ngokushesha.

Kufanele ngibone nini udokotela ngezinkinga zokuphakamisa amashiya?

Ukwazi ukuthi ungaxhumana nini nodokotela wakho ohlinzayo ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kokuphakamisa amashiya kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuphola okufanele nokubamba noma yiziphi izinkinga ngokushesha. Ngenkathi okunye ukungakhululeki nokuvuvukala kujwayelekile, ezinye izimpawu zidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Ngesikhathi sokululama kwakho, kufanele ulindele izinga elithile lokuvuvukala, ukulimala, nokungakhululeki okuncane. Kodwa-ke, kunezimpawu ezithile zokuxwayisa ezibonisa ukuthi kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho ohlinzayo ngokushesha kunokulinda ukuqokwa kwakho okulandelayo okuhleliwe.

Xhumana nodokotela wakho ohlinzayo ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi lezi zimpawu ezikhathazayo:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu obungathuthuki ngemithi enikeziwe
• Izimpawu zokutheleleka njengomkhuhlane, ukubomvu okwandayo, noma i-pus evela ezindaweni zokuhlinza
• Ukwanda okungazelelwe kokuvuvukala ohlangothini olulodwa lobuso bakho
• Ukuphuma kwegazi okungayeki ngengcindezi ethambile
• Ushintsho embonweni noma ikhanda elibuhlungu elibuhlungu
• Ukungakwazi ukuhambisa amashiya akho noma ukuvala amehlo akho kahle
• Ukwahlukana kwemigqa yokuhlinza noma ukubukeka okungajwayelekile kwenxeba

Ngezinkinga ezingaphuthumi kangako njengemibuzo mayelana nokuqhubeka kwakho ukuphola noma izimpawu ezijwayelekile zokululama, ngokuvamile ungalinda kuze kube yizikhathi zebhizinisi ukuze ushayele ihhovisi likadokotela wakho ohlinzayo. Bangakunikeza isiqondiso nokuqiniseka ngalokho okujwayelekile ngesikhathi sokululama kwakho.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana nokuphakamisa amashiya

Q1: Ingabe ukuhlinzwa kokuphakamisa amashiya kulungile emehlweni anesembozo?

Ukuphakamisa amashiya kungathuthukisa kakhulu ukubukeka kwamehlo anesembozo, ikakhulukazi lapho isembozo sibangelwa ukuwa kwemashiya kunokuba isikhumba esiningi sezinkophe. Uma amashiya akho ewa, angadala ukubukeka kwamehlo anesembozo noma abukeka esindayo.

Kodwa-ke, uma ukubukeka kwakho okufihliwe kubangelwa ikakhulukazi isikhumba esiningi emathunjini akho angaphezulu, ungase uzuze kakhulu ekuhlinzweni kweliso (i-blepharoplasty) esikhundleni salokho. Abantu abaningi empeleni badinga zombili izinqubo ukuze bathole imiphumela abayifunayo.

Udkt wakho ohlinzayo uzohlola i-anatomy yakho ethile ngesikhathi sokubonisana ukuze anqume ukuthi ukuphakamisa amashiya kuphela kuzobhekana yini nezinkinga zakho noma ukuthi ukukuhlanganisa nokuhlinzwa kweliso kungasebenza kangcono.

Umbuzo 2: Ingabe isikhundla samashiya aphansi sibangela ukuqaqamba kwekhanda?

Isikhundla samashiya aphansi ngezinye izikhathi singaholela ekuqaqambeni kwekhanda, ikakhulukazi uma uzithola uqhubeka uphakamisa amashiya akho ukuze ubone kangcono noma uvule amehlo akho kabanzi. Lokhu kuqina kwemisipha okuphindaphindayo kungaholela ekuqaqambeni kwekhanda ebunzini nasemathempelini.

Lapho amashiya ahlahlayo edala ukuvinjelwa okubonakalayo, imisipha yakho yebunzi isebenza kanzima usuku lonke ukuze ikhokhele. Lo mzamo owengeziwe ungaholela ekukhathaleni kwemisipha nasekuqaqambeni kwekhanda okubangelwa ukungezwani, ikakhulukazi kusihlwa.

Abantu abaningi babika ukuthi ukuqaqamba kwabo kwekhanda okubangelwa ukungezwani kuyathuthuka ngemva kokuhlinzwa kokuphakamisa amashiya, njengoba bengasadingi ukuzama imisipha yabo yebunzi ukuze bagcine umbono ocacile. Kodwa-ke, ukuqaqamba kwekhanda kungaba nezimbangela eziningi, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngalokhu nodokotela wakho ohlinzayo nodokotela wakho oyinhloko.

Umbuzo 3: Ingabe imiphumela yokuphakamisa amashiya ihlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Imiphumela yokuphakamisa amashiya ngokuvamile ihlala iminyaka engu-10-15 noma ngaphezulu, nakuba lokhu kuhluka kuye ngeminyaka yakho ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, ikhwalithi yesikhumba, nezici zokuphila. Inqubo yokuguga iyaqhubeka ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kodwa uguga usuka endaweni yakho entsha, enobusha obengeziwe.

Izici ezingathinta ukuhlala isikhathi eside zihlanganisa ukuchayeka elangeni, ukubhema, izakhi zofuzo, nempilo yakho yonke. Abantu abavikela isikhumba sabo ekulimaleni kwelanga futhi bagcina izindlela zokuphila ezinempilo bavame ukujabulela imiphumela ehlala isikhathi eside.

Noma ukuguga okuthile kwenzeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi basabukeka kangcono kakhulu kunalokho ababezoba ngakho ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa. Abanye bakhetha ukuba nezinqubo zokuthinta noma ukwelashwa okungahlinzeki ukugcina imiphumela yabo njengoba bekhula.

Q4: Ngingakwazi yini ukuhlinzwa kwebhrawu ngeminye imisebenzi yokuhlinzwa ebusweni?

Yebo, ukuhlinzwa kwebhrawu kuvame ukuhlanganiswa nezinye izinqubo zobuso njengokuhlinzwa kwelid, ukuhlinzwa kobuso, noma i-rhinoplasty. Ukuhlanganisa izinqubo kungakha imiphumela evumelanayo futhi kunciphise isikhathi sokululama esiphelele uma kuqhathaniswa nokuba nokuhlinzwa okuhlukene.

Inhlanganisela ethandwa kakhulu ukuhlinzwa kwebhrawu nokuhlinzwa kwelid eliphezulu, njengoba lezi zinqubo zihambisana kahle ekubhekaneni nokuguga emehlweni. Udokotela ohlinzayo angakwazi ukwenza kokubili ngesikhathi esifanayo sokusebenza.

Noma kunjalo, ukuhlanganisa izinqubo kwandisa ubunzima bokuhlinzwa futhi kungase kwelule isikhathi sakho sokululama. Udokotela ohlinzayo uzohlola impilo yakho yonke futhi axoxe ngokuthi ukuhlinzwa okuhlanganisiwe kufanelekile yini esimweni sakho esithile.

Q5: Uyini umehluko phakathi kokuhlinzwa kwebhrawu nokungahlinzeki?

Ukuhlinzwa kwebhrawu kunikeza imiphumela ehlala njalo, emangalisayo ngokushintsha ngokomzimba izicubu nokususa isikhumba esiningi. Izinketho ezingahlinzeki njenge-Botox noma ama-thread lifts zinikeza ukuthuthuka kwesikhashana ngesikhathi esincane kodwa imiphumela elinganiselwe.

I-Botox ingaphakamisa ibhrawu ngokukhulula imisipha eyidonsela phansi, idale ukuphakama okuncane okuhlala izinyanga ezi-3-4. Ama-thread lifts asebenzisa ama-sutures ancibilikayo ukuphakamisa izicubu, enikeza imiphumela ehlala iminyaka engu-1-2 kodwa ingamangalisi kangako kunokuhlinzwa.

Ukukhetha phakathi kwezindlela zokuhlinzwa nezingahlinzeki kuncike emigomweni yakho, izinga lokulungiswa okudingekayo, kanye nezintandokazi zakho mayelana nesikhathi sokuphumula nokuqina. Udokotela ohlinzayo angakusiza ukuthi unqume ukuthi iyiphi inketho ekhuluma kahle ngezinkinga zakho ezithile.