Yini Ukwelashwa Komdlavuza? Inhloso, Izinhlobo & Nemiphumela

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza kuhilela izindlela zezokwelapha ezenzelwe ukuqeda amaseli omdlavuza, ukulawula ukukhula kwawo, noma ukukhulula izimpawu ezibangelwa yilesi sifo. Lokhu kwelashwa kusebenza ngokuhlasela amaseli omdlavuza ngezindlela ezahlukene, kusiza umzimba wakho ukuthi ulwe nesifo ngenkathi uvikela izicubu ezinempilo ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ukunakekelwa komdlavuza wesimanje kuthuthuke kakhulu, kunikeza izinketho eziningi zokwelapha ezingasetshenziswa zodwa noma zihlanganiswe ukuze kutholakale imiphumela engcono. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokwenza uhlelo lokwelashwa olwenzelwe wena ngokusekelwe ohlotsheni oluthile lomdlavuza onalo, isigaba sawo, nempilo yakho yonke.

Yini ukwelashwa komdlavuza?

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza kubhekisela ekungeneleni kwezokwelapha okuhlasela amaseli omdlavuza ukuze kumise ukukhula kwawo, ukusabalala, noma ukuwaqeda ngokuphelele. Umgomo uwukunika umzimba wakho ithuba elingcono lokunqoba lesi sifo ngenkathi ugcina izinga lempilo yakho.

Izindlela zokwelapha zihlukaniswe ezigabeni eziningana eziyinhloko, ngasinye sisebenza ngendlela ehlukile ukulwa nomdlavuza. Okunye ukwelashwa kuhlasela amaseli omdlavuza ngokuqondile, kanti okunye kuthuthukisa amasosha akho omzimba ukuze aqaphele futhi abhubhise la maseli ayingozi.

Uhambo lwakho lokwelashwa luyingqayizivele kuwe. Okusebenza kahle kakhulu kuncike ezintweni ezifana nohlobo lomdlavuza onaso, lapho utholakala khona, ukuthi usabalale kangakanani, kanye nesimo sakho sempilo.

Kungani kwenziwa ukwelashwa komdlavuza?

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza kusebenzela izinjongo ezintathu eziyinhloko: ukwelapha lesi sifo, ukulawula ukuqhubeka kwaso, noma ukunikeza induduzo ngokuphatha izimpawu. Umgomo othile uncike esimweni sakho ngasinye kanye nezici zomdlavuza wakho.

Ukwelashwa okuqeda umdlavuza kuhlose ukuqeda wonke amaseli omdlavuza emzimbeni wakho, kukunike ithuba elingcono lokusinda isikhathi eside. Le ndlela ivame ukwenzeka lapho umdlavuza utholakala kusenesikhathi futhi ungakaze usabalale kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho.

Ukwelashwa okugxile ekulawuleni kusiza ukuphatha umdlavuza njengesifo esingamahlalakhona lapho ukwelashwa kungenzeki. Le ndlela ingakusiza ukuthi uphile isikhathi eside ngekhwalithi enhle yempilo ngokugcina umdlavuza uzinzile noma uwunciphisa.

Ukwelashwa okunciphisa izimpawu kugxila ekudambiseni izimpawu nasekuthuthukiseni induduzo, ikakhulukazi lapho umdlavuza usuthuthuke. Lokhu akusho ukuthi uyeka – kusho ukubeka phambili inhlalakahle yakho nokukusiza ukuthi uzizwe kahle ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ziziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokwelashwa komdlavuza?

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza kuhlanganisa izindlela eziningana eziqinisekisiwe ezingasetshenziswa ngazinye noma ngokuhlanganiswa. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokuncoma isu elingcono kakhulu ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zakho kanye nezimo zakho.

Nazi izinhlobo zokwelashwa eziyinhloko ongahlangana nazo:

• Ukwelashwa ngokuhlinzwa: Kususwa izimila nezicubu ezithintekile emzimbeni wakho
• I-Chemotherapy: Isebenzisa imithi ukubulala amaseli omdlavuza emzimbeni wakho wonke
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe: Lethula imisebe enamandla amakhulu ukubhubhisa amaseli omdlavuza ezindaweni ezithile
• I-Immunotherapy: Isiza amasosha akho omzimba ukuthi aqaphele futhi ahlasele amaseli omdlavuza
• Ukwelashwa okuqondiwe: Ivimba amaprotheni athile asiza amaseli omdlavuza ukuthi akhule
• Ukwelashwa ngamahomoni: Imisa amahomoni akhuthaza izinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza
• Ukufakelwa kwamaseli esiqu: Kuthatha umnkantsha wamathambo owonakele ngamaseli esiqu anempilo

Uhlobo ngalunye lokwelashwa lunenzuzo yalo kanye nemiphumela engemihle engase ibe khona. Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela ukuthi yiziphi izinketho ezingase zisebenze kangcono esimweni sakho futhi akusize uqonde okulindelekile.

Ungalungela kanjani ukwelashwa kwakho komdlavuza?

Ukulungiselela ukwelashwa komdlavuza kuhilela izinyathelo ezingokoqobo nokulungela ngokomzwelo. Ukuzinika isikhathi sokulungiselela kungakusiza ukuthi uzizwe uqiniseka kakhulu futhi ulawule uhambo lwakho lokwelashwa.

Okokuqala, qokelela ulwazi mayelana nohlelo lwakho oluthile lokwelashwa. Buza ithimba lakho lezokwelapha ukuthi yini ongayilindela, okuhlanganisa nemiphumela engaba khona nokuthi ukwelashwa kungathatha isikhathi esingakanani. Unganqikazi ukubhala phansi imibuzo ngaphambili - lokhu kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola lonke ulwazi oludingayo.

Ukulungiselela ngokomzimba kungase kuhlanganise ukuthuthukisa ukudla kwakho okunomsoco, ukuhlala usebenza ngaphakathi kwemingcele yakho, nokubhekana nanoma yiziphi izinkinga zempilo ezikhona. Udokotela wakho angase ancome izinguquko ezithile ekudleni noma izithasiselo zokusiza umzimba wakho ukuthi ubhekane kangcono nokwelashwa.

Ukwakha uhlelo lwakho lokusekela kubaluleke ngokulinganayo. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise umndeni, abangane, amaqembu okusekela, noma izinsiza zokweluleka. Ukuba nabantu ongakhuluma nabo futhi othembela kubo kwenza umehluko omkhulu ekuhlangenwe nakho kwakho kokwelashwa.

Ukulungiselela okusebenzayo kuhlanganisa ukuhlela ezokuthutha zokuya ekuqokweni, ukuhlela indawo yakho yokuhlala ukuze kube lula ngesikhathi sokululama, nokubhekana nemisebenzi yomsebenzi noma yomndeni. Ukuhlela kusengaphambili kunciphisa ukucindezeleka futhi kukuvumela ukuthi ugxile ekupholiseni.

Zisebenza kanjani izindlela zokwelapha umdlavuza?

Izindlela zokwelapha umdlavuza zisebenza ngokugxila ezindleleni ezithile amaseli omdlavuza akhula ngazo, asakazeka ngazo, futhi asinda ngazo emzimbeni wakho. Uhlobo ngalunye lokwelashwa lusebenzisa indlela ehlukile yokumisa amaseli omdlavuza ngenkathi lizama ukuvikela amaseli akho anempilo.

Ukwelashwa ngokuhlinzwa kususwa ngokomzimba amaseli omdlavuza ngokusika izimila nezicubu ezizungezile. Le ndlela eqondile isebenza kahle lapho umdlavuza ugxile futhi ungasakazekeli kwezinye izindawo zomzimba wakho.

I-chemotherapy isebenzisa imithi enamandla ehamba ngegazi lakho ukuze ifinyelele amaseli omdlavuza noma ngabe angaba kuphi. Le mithi iphazamisa ikhono lamaseli omdlavuza lokuhlukanisa nokukhula, ekugcineni ibangele ukuthi afe.

Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kunikeza imisebe eqondile, enamandla amakhulu elimala i-DNA ngaphakathi kwamaseli omdlavuza. Lapho amaseli omdlavuza ezama ukulungisa lokhu kulimala, ngokuvamile awaphumeleli futhi ayafa ngenxa yalokho.

I-Immunotherapy isebenza ngokufundisa amasosha omzimba wakho ukuthi akwazi kangcono ukubona nokuhlasela amaseli omdlavuza. Amanye amaseli omdlavuza akwazi kahle ukuzifihla emasosheni omzimba wakho, ngakho lezi zindlela zokwelapha zisiza izivikelo zemvelo zomzimba wakho ukuthi zisebenze ngempumelelo.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezivamile zokwelashwa komdlavuza?

Imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa komdlavuza yenzeka ngoba ukwelashwa okuqondiswe kumaseli omdlavuza kungathinta namaseli anempilo emzimbeni wakho. Ukuqonda imiphumela emibi engaba khona kukusiza ukuthi ulungiselele futhi wazi ukuthi nini okufanele ufune usizo.

Imiphumela eminingi emibi ingeyesikhashana futhi ingalawuleka ngokunakekelwa okufanele. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha linolwazi lokusiza iziguli ngalezi zinselelo futhi linganikeza amasu okunciphisa ukungakhululeki.

Imiphumela emibi evamile ongase uyithole ihlanganisa:

• Ukukhathala: Ukuzizwa ukhathele ngokungavamile noma ubuthakathaka
• Ukucasuka kwesisu nokuhlanza: Ukucasuka kwesisu okungavame ukulawulwa ngemithi
• Ukuwa kwezinwele: Ukulahlekelwa kwezinwele okwesikhashana ekhanda lakho noma emzimbeni wakho
• Izilonda emlonyeni: Amabala abuhlungu emlonyeni wakho noma emqaleni
• Ushintsho esifisweni sokudla: Ukulahlekelwa isithakazelo ekudleni noma izinguquko ekunambitheni
• Ushintsho esikhumbeni: Ukoma, ububomvu, noma ukuzwela
• Ukwanda kwengozi yokutheleleka: Ukwehla kwenani lamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi

Le miphumela ivamise ukuthuthuka ngemva kokuphela kokwelashwa, nakuba eminye ingase ithathe isikhathi ukuthi ilulame ngokugcwele. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizokuqapha ngokucophelela futhi linikeze ukunakekelwa okusekelayo ukusiza ukulawula noma yimiphi imiphumela emibi.

Yiziphi izici eziyingozi zezinkinga zokwelashwa komdlavuza?

Ezinye izici zingakhuphula ingozi yakho yokuthola izinkinga ngesikhathi sokwelashwa komdlavuza. Ukuqaphela lezi kusiza ithimba lakho lezokwelapha ukuthi linikeze ukunakekelwa okungcono kakhulu nokuqapha.

Iminyaka idlala indima endleleni umzimba wakho osabela ngayo ekwelashweni. Abantu abadala kungenzeka babe nengozi enkulu yemiphumela emibi, kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi ukwelashwa kufanele kugwenywe – kusho ukuthi ukunakekelwa kudingeka kwenziwe ngendlela yomuntu ngamunye.

Isimo sakho sempilo esiphelele ngaphambi kokuthi ukwelashwa kuqale sithinta ukuthi uzosithwala kanjani kahle ukwelashwa. Izimo ezinjengesifo sikashukela, isifo senhliziyo, noma izinkinga zezinso zingase zidinge ukunakekelwa okukhethekile ngesikhathi sokuhlela ukwelashwa.

Uhlobo nesigaba somdlavuza wakho kuthonya izinkinga ezingase zibe khona. Imidlavuza ethuthukile noma leyo esezindaweni ezibucayi ingase idinge izindlela zokwelapha ezinamandla ezinobungozi obengeziwe.

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza kwangaphambilini kungathinta ikhono lomzimba wakho lokubhekana nokwelashwa okusha. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizocabangela umlando wakho wokwelashwa lapho lithuthukisa uhlelo lwakho lwamanje.

Kufanele ngibone nini udokotela ngesikhathi sokwelashwa komdlavuza?

Ukuhlala uxhumene eduze nethimba lakho lezempilo ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kubalulekile ekuphepheni kwakho nasekuthuthukeni. Ukwazi ukuthi ungathintana nini kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukunakekelwa ngesikhathi uma kudingeka.

Xhumana nethimba lakho lezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uba nomkhuhlane ongaphezu kuka-100.4°F (38°C), ngoba lokhu kungase kubonise ukutheleleka okungathi sína. Uhlelo lwakho lomzimba lokuzivikela lungase lube buthakathaka ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, okwenza izifo zibe yingozi kakhulu.

Funa ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngesicanucanu esibi noma ukuhlanza okukuvimbela ukuthi ungagcini ukudla noma uketshezi ngaphezu kwamahora angama-24. Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kungase kube yingozi ngokushesha ngesikhathi sokwelashwa komdlavuza.

Shayela udokotela wakho uma uba nokopha okungavamile, isifo sohudo esiqhubekayo, izilonda ezinzima zomlomo ezikuvimbela ukuthi ungadli, noma yiziphi izimpawu ezikukhathazayo. Kuhlale kungcono ukuhlola nethimba lakho kunokulinda nokubona.

Gcina zonke izikhathi eziqokiwe, ngisho noma uzizwa kahle. Ukuqapha njalo kusiza ukubamba izinkinga ezingase zibe khona ekuqaleni futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukwelashwa kwakho kuhlala endleleni.

Zisebenza kangakanani izindlela zokwelapha umdlavuza?

Ukuphumelela kokwelashwa komdlavuza kuthuthuke kakhulu emashumini eminyaka adlule, nabantu abaningi manje besinda emdlavuzeni futhi bephila impilo egcwele, enempilo. Amazinga okuphumelela ayahlukahluka ngokuya ngohlobo lomdlavuza, isigaba sawo ekutholakaleni, nezinto zomuntu ngamunye.

Imidlava yezigaba zakuqala ngokuvamile inemiphumela engcono yokwelashwa kunemidlava ethuthukile. Yingakho ukuhlolwa njalo nokutholwa kwasekuqaleni kubaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni amazinga okusinda.

Ukwelashwa okuhlanganisiwe kuvame ukusebenza kangcono kunezindlela ezingashadile. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lingase lincomende ukuhlinzwa okulandelwa yi-chemotherapy, noma i-radiation therapy ehlanganiswe ne-immunotherapy, ngokusekelwe kulokho ucwaningo olukhombisa ukuthi lusebenza kangcono esimweni sakho esithile.

Ukusabela ekwelashweni kuyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu, ngisho nangohlobo olufanayo lomdlavuza. Abanye abantu basabela ngokushesha nangokuphelele, kanti abanye bangase badinge izindlela ezihlukene noma izikhathi zokwelashwa ezinde.

Ukwelashwa okusha kuqhubeka ukuvela ngocwaningo oluqhubekayo. Izivivinyo zomtholampilo zinikeza ukufinyelela ekwelashweni okusezingeni eliphezulu okunganikeza ezinye izinketho uma ukwelashwa okujwayelekile kungasebenzi njengoba bekulindelekile.

Kwenziwani ngemva kokuphela kokwelashwa komdlavuza?

Ukuqeda ukwelashwa komdlavuza kuphawula isigaba esibalulekile, kodwa uhambo lwakho lwezempilo luqhubeka ngokunakekelwa okulandelayo nokuqapha. Lesi sigaba sigxila ekubhekeni noma yiziphi izimpawu zokubuya komdlavuza nokuphatha noma yimiphi imiphumela ehlala njalo evela ekwelashweni.

Ukuqokwa okulandelayo okuvamile kuzohlelwa ukuqapha ukululama kwakho futhi kuhlole noma yiziphi izimpawu zokuphindeka komdlavuza. Lokhu kuvakasha ngokuvamile kwenzeka kaningi ekuqaleni, bese kuba negebe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi njengoba uhlala ungenayo umdlavuza.

Eminye imiphumela yokwelashwa ingase iqhubeke ngemva kokuphela kokwelashwa, njengokukhathala, izinguquko zokuqonda, noma imithelela engokomzwelo. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lingasiza ekubhekaneni nalezi zinkinga eziqhubekayo futhi likuxhumanise nezinsiza ezifanele.

Abantu abaningi bakuthola kuwusizo ukubuyela kancane kancane emisebenzini yabo ejwayelekile ngenkathi belalela izimpawu zomzimba wabo. Ukululama kuyinqubo, futhi kujwayelekile ukuba nezinsuku ezinhle nezinsuku eziyinselele.

Izinhlelo zokunakekelwa kwabasindile zisiza ukuhlela ukunakekelwa kwakho kwezokwelapha okuqhubekayo futhi zinikeze imininingwane ebalulekile ngomlando wakho wokwelashwa. Lo mbhalo uba yigugu ezidingweni zakho zokunakekelwa kwezempilo zesikhathi esizayo.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana nokwelashwa komdlavuza

Umbuzo 1: Ingabe ukwelashwa komdlavuza kuzongenza ngigule kakhulu?

Imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa iyahlukahluka kakhulu kumuntu nomuntu, futhi abantu abaningi baqhubeka nemisebenzi yabo yansuku zonke ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. Ukunakekelwa okusekelayo kwesimanje kuthuthukise kakhulu ulwazi lokwelashwa, ngemithi engcono yokuvimbela isicanucanu neminye imiphumela emibi.

Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizosebenza eduze nawe ukuze liphathe noma yimiphi imiphumela emibi eyenzekayo. Imiphumela emibi eminingi ingeyesikhashana futhi iyaphela ngemva kokuphela kokwelashwa, nakuba eminye ingase ithathe isikhathi ukuthuthuka ngokugcwele.

Umbuzo 2: Ngingasebenza ngesikhathi sokwelashwa komdlavuza?

Abantu abaningi baqhubeka nokusebenza ngesikhathi sokwelashwa komdlavuza, nakuba kungase kudingeke ukuthi wenze izinguquko esimisweni sakho noma emisebenzini yakho. Ikhono lokusebenza lincike ohlotsheni lwakho lokwelashwa, imiphumela emibi, kanye nohlobo lomsebenzi wakho.

Xoxa ngesimo sakho somsebenzi nethimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo nomqashi wakho. Bangakusiza ukuthi uqonde izinketho zakho namalungelo akho, okuhlanganisa nezindawo ezingase zikusize ukuthi ugcine umsebenzi wakho ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.

Umbuzo 3: Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukwelashwa komdlavuza?

Ubude bokwelashwa buyahlukahluka kakhulu kuye ngohlobo lomdlavuza wakho, isigaba, kanye nendlela yokwelashwa. Okunye ukwelashwa kuthatha amasonto ambalwa, kanti okunye kungase kuqhubeke izinyanga noma ngisho neminyaka njengokwelashwa kokugcinwa.

Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizohlinzeka ngesilinganiso sesikhathi sohlelo lwakho lokwelashwa oluthile. Khumbula ukuthi izinguquko zingase zidingeke ngokusekelwe endleleni ozabela ngayo ekwelashweni kanye nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi oyitholayo.

Umbuzo 4: Zikhona ezinye izindlela zemvelo zokwelapha umdlavuza?

Ngenkathi izindlela ezingeziwe njengokuzindla, ukugwaza ngezinaliti, noma izinguquko ekudleni zingakusekela inhlalakahle yakho ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, akufanele zithathe indawo yokwelashwa okufakazelwe kwezokwelapha. Ucwaningo lubonisa ngokuqhubekayo ukuthi ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha okusekelwe ebufakazini kunikeza imiphumela engcono kakhulu yomdlavuza.

Xoxa nethimba lakho lezempilo mayelana nanoma yiziphi izindlela ezingeziwe onentshisekelo kuzo. Bangakusiza ukuthi uqonde ukuthi yiziphi ezingahlanganiswa ngokuphepha nokwelashwa kwakho kwezokwelapha.

Umbuzo 5: Kuthiwani uma ukwelashwa kwami ​​komdlavuza kuyeka ukusebenza?

Uma ukwelashwa kwakho kwamanje kungasebenzi njengoba bekulindelekile, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizoxoxa nawe ngezinketho ezingezinye. Lokhu kungabandakanya imithi ehlukene, ukwelashwa okuhlanganisiwe, noma ukubamba iqhaza ezivivinyweni zomtholampilo ezihlola izindlela ezintsha.

Ukuba nendlela eyodwa yokwelashwa engasebenzi akusho ukuthi awunaso ezinye izinketho. Ukwelashwa komdlavuza kuya ngokuya kwenziwa ngabanye, futhi ithimba lakho lizoqhubeka nokusebenza nawe ukuze lithole indlela esebenza kahle kakhulu esimweni sakho.