Yini i-Colposcopy? Inhloso, Inqubo & Imiphumela

I-colposcopy iyinqubo elula, eyenziwa ngaphandle esibhedlela evumela udokotela wakho ukuthi abheke eduze isitho sakho sesibeletho, isitho sangasese sowesifazane, kanye ne-vulva. Cabanga ngayo njengokusebenzisa ingilazi ekhethekile yokukhulisa ukuze ihlole izindawo ezingase zidinge ukunakekelwa ngemva kwe-Pap smear engavamile noma ezinye izinto ezikhathazayo.

Le nqubo isiza odokotela ukuthi babone izinguquko ngaphambi kwesikhathi emangqamuzaneni esibeletho sakho, lapho kulula ukuzelapha. Ngenkathi igama elithi "colposcopy" lingase lizwakale lisabisa, empeleni iyithuluzi elivamile lokuxilonga elikusiza ukuthi uhlale unempilo.

Yini i-colposcopy?

I-Colposcopy iyinqubo yokuxilonga lapho udokotela wakho esebenzisa ithuluzi elikhethekile lokukhulisa elibizwa nge-colposcope ukuhlola isibeletho sakho nezicubu ezizungezile. I-colposcope ihlala ngaphandle komzimba wakho futhi isebenza njengengilazi enamandla yokukhulisa enokukhanya okukhulu.

Ngesikhathi senqubo, udokotela wakho angabona izindawo ezingabonakali ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okujwayelekile kwe-pelvic. Ukukhulisa kusiza ukuhlonza noma yiziphi izinguquko ezingavamile emangqamuzaneni esibeletho sakho, isitho sangasese sowesifazane, noma i-vulva okungenzeka idinga ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe.

Lokhu kuhlolwa kuvame ukuthatha imizuzu engaba ngu-10 kuya kwengama-20 futhi kwenziwa ehhovisi likadokotela wakho. Ngeke udinge i-anesthesia, nakuba ungase uzwe ukungakhululeki okufana ne-Pap smear.

Kungani kwenziwa i-colposcopy?

Udokotela wakho uncoma i-colposcopy lapho edinga ukuhlola imiphumela engavamile evela ezivivinyweni zangaphambilini noma izimpawu ezidinga ukuhlolwa okuseduze. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kwenzeka ngemva kokuthi i-Pap smear engavamile ibonise izinguquko emangqamuzaneni esibeletho sakho.

Le nqubo isiza udokotela wakho ukuthi anqume ukuthi izinguquko zamangqamuzana zincane futhi cishe zizozixazulula zodwa, noma uma zidinga ukwelashwa. Empeleni iyindlela yokuthola ulwazi oluningiliziwe ngaphambi kokwenza noma yiziphi izinqumo zokwelashwa.

Nazi izizathu eziyinhloko ezingenza udokotela wakho ancome i-colposcopy:

• Imiphumela engavamile ye-Pap smear ekhombisa amaseli angajwayelekile noma angaphambi komdlavuza
• Imiphumela emihle yokuhlolwa kwe-HPV, ikakhulukazi izinhlobo ze-HPV eziyingozi kakhulu
• Ukuphuma kwegazi okungajwayelekile phakathi nezikhathi noma ngemva kocansi
• Ukungajwayelekile okubonakalayo emqaleni wakho wesisu ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okuvamile
• Ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo besinqulu noma uketshezi olungajwayelekile
• Ukuqhubeka ngemva kokwelashwa kwangaphambilini kokungajwayelekile komlomo wesibeletho

Khumbula, ukuba ne-colposcopy akusho ukuthi unomdlavuza. Abesifazane abaningi abanalesi sifo banamathuba amahle noma izinguquko ezincane eziphathwa kalula.

Yini inqubo ye-colposcopy?

Inqubo ye-colposcopy iqondile futhi ifana nokuhlolwa okuvamile kwe-pelvic, ngaphandle kokuhlolwa okuningiliziwe. Uzoqamba amanga etafuleni lokuhlolwa ngezinyawo zakho kuma-stirrups, njengoba nje kwenzeka ngesikhathi se-Pap smear.

Udokotela wakho uzofaka i-speculum ukuze avule ngobumnene isitho sakho sangasese ukuze akwazi ukubona umqala wakho wesibeletho ngokucacile. Bese bezobeka i-colposcope cishe ngamasentimitha angu-12 ukusuka emzimbeni wakho - akukaze ikuthole ngempela.

Nakhu okwenzekayo isinyathelo ngesinyathelo ngesikhathi se-colposcopy yakho:

1. Uzozikhumula kusukela okhalweni uye phansi bese ufaka ingubo yesibhedlela
2. Udokotela wakho uzoqhuba ukuhlolwa okufushane kwe-pelvic kuqala
3. Kufakwa i-speculum ukuze kuvulwe isitho sakho sangasese
4. Udokotela wakho usebenzisa isixazululo seviniga esithambile ukuze agqamise noma yiziphi izindawo ezingajwayelekile
5. I-colposcope ibekwe ukuze ihlole umqala wakho wesibeletho ngokukhulisa
6. Uma kudingeka, isampula elincane lezicubu (i-biopsy) lingathathwa
7. I-speculum isuswa, futhi ungenza ukugqoka

Yonke inqubo ivame ukuthatha imizuzu eyi-10 kuya kwengama-20. Uma udokotela wakho ethatha i-biopsy, ungezwa umuzwa wokucindezela okufushane, kodwa abesifazane abaningi bayakuthola kulula ukukubekezelela.

Ungalungiselela kanjani i-colposcopy yakho?

Ukulungiselela i-colposcopy kulula, futhi ukulandela lezi ziqondiso kuzosiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi umbono ongcono kakhulu womlomo wakho wesibeletho. Okubalulekile ukugwema noma yini engase iphazamise ukuhlolwa amahora angu-24 kuya kwangu-48 ngaphambi kwalokho.

Hlela i-aphoyintimenti yakho cishe ngesonto ngemuva kokuphela kwesikhathi sakho sokuya esikhathini, lapho umlomo wakho wesibeletho ubonakala kakhulu. Ukuphuma kwegazi okukhulu kungenza kube nzima kudokotela wakho ukubona kahle ngesikhathi senqubo.

Nakhu ukuthi ungalungiselela kanjani ezinsukwini eziholela ku-colposcopy yakho:

• Gwema ukuhlangana ngokocansi amahora angu-24 ngaphambi kwenqubo
• Ungasebenzisi ama-tampon, okhilimu besitho sangasese sowesifazane, noma ama-douches amahora angu-24 ngaphambi kwalokho
• Yeqa imithi yesitho sangasese sowesifazane ngaphandle uma uqondiswe ngqo ngudokotela wakho
• Thatha umuthi wokudambisa ubuhlungu ongaphandle kwekhawunta imizuzu engama-30 ngaphambi uma ukhathazekile ngokungakhululeki
• Gqoka izingubo ezikhululekile futhi ucabange ukuletha iphedi ngemuva
• Lungiselela ukuthi othile akuqhubele ekhaya uma uzizwa ukhathazekile

Kujwayelekile ukuzizwa uvalo ngaphambi kwenqubo. Abesifazane abaningi bakuthola kuwusizo ukuletha umngani noma ilungu lomndeni ukuzosekela, futhi unganqikazi ukubuza udokotela wakho noma yimiphi imibuzo onayo.

Ungawafunda kanjani imiphumela yakho ye-colposcopy?

Imiphumela yakho ye-colposcopy ngokuvamile izotholakala phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbalwa kuya evikini, kuye ngokuthi ngabe i-biopsy yenziwe yini. Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela lokho abakubonile nokuthi kusho ukuthini empilweni yakho ukuqhubeka.

Imiphumela ejwayelekile isho ukuthi izicubu zakho zomlomo wesibeletho zibonakala ziphilile ngaphandle kwezimpawu zokushintsha kwamaseli okungajwayelekile. Lokhu ngokuvamile kusho ukuthi ungabuyela esimisweni sakho esijwayelekile sokuhlola ngaphandle kokukhathazeka okusheshayo.

Uma kutholakala izindawo ezingajwayelekile, udokotela wakho uzozihlukanisa ngokusekelwe ekuqineni kwezinguquko zamaseli. Nakhu okushiwo yizinto ezitholakele ezihlukene:

• Ushintsho oluphansi: Ukungajwayeleki okuncane kwamaseli okuvame ukuzixazulula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
• Ushintsho oluphakeme: Ukungajwayeleki okukhulu okungadinga ukwelashwa
• Amaseli angajwayelekile: Amaseli angabukeki ejwayelekile kodwa angacaci ukuthi angajwayelekile yini
• Ukuvuvukala: Ukucasuka okungase kubangelwe ukutheleleka noma ezinye izinto

Uma kwathathwa i-biopsy, leyo miphumela inikeza imininingwane eningiliziwe ngohlobo oluthile nobubanzi banoma yiziphi izinguquko zamaseli. Udokotela wakho uzoxoxa ukuthi ngabe udinga ukwelashwa noma ukuqapha kaningi.

Ziyini izici eziyingozi zemiphumela engajwayelekile ye-colposcopy?

Izici eziningana zingakhuphula amathuba akho okuba nemiphumela engajwayelekile ye-colposcopy, nokutheleleka nge-HPV okuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Ukuqonda lezi zici eziyingozi kukusiza ukuthi wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi ngempilo yakho kanye nohlelo lokuhlola.

Ukutheleleka nge-HPV (i-human papillomavirus) kubangela izinguquko eziningi zamaseli omlomo wesibeletho, ikakhulukazi izinhlobo eziyingozi ezingaholela ezimweni ezingaphambi komdlavuza. Kodwa-ke, ukuba nezici eziyingozi akusho ukuthi nakanjani uzoba nezinkinga.

Izici eziyingozi ezivamile ezingaholela ekutholakaleni okungajwayelekile zifaka:

• Ukutheleleka nge-HPV, ikakhulukazi izinhlobo eziyingozi ezinjenge-HPV 16 ne-18
• Ukuba nozakwethu abaningi bezocansi noma umlingani onozakwethu abaningi
• Ukuqala ukwenza ucansi usemncane
• Ukubhema, okwenza buthakathaka amandla akho omzimba okulwa ne-HPV
• Ukuqina komzimba okubuthakathaka okuvela ezimweni ezinjenge-HIV noma imithi ecindezela amasosha omzimba
• Umlando wokutheleleka ngocansi
• Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi yokulawula inzalo isikhathi eside (ngaphezu kweminyaka emi-5)

Izinto eziyingozi ezingavamile zihlanganisa ukuba nokukhulelwa okuningi, ukuchayeka ku-DES (diethylstilbestrol) esibelethweni, noma ukuba nomlando womndeni womdlavuza wesisu. Khumbula, abesifazane abaningi abanezici eziyingozi abanazo izinkinga ezingathi sína.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingaba khona zemiphumela engavamile ye-colposcopy?

Imiphumela eminingi engavamile ye-colposcopy imele izinguquko zakuqala, eziphathwayo kunokuba kube nezinkinga ezingathi sína. Inhloso ye-colposcopy ukubamba izinkinga zisasekuqaleni, lapho zilawuleka kakhulu futhi zingakabi zinkulu.

Uma zingelashwa, ezinye izinguquko zesibeletho eziphezulu zingase ziqhubekele emdlavuzeni wesisu eminyakeni eminingi. Kodwa-ke, le nqubekela phambili ivamise ukuhamba kancane, ikunikeza wena nodokotela wakho isikhathi esiningi sokubhekana nanoma yiziphi izinkathazo.

Izinkinga ezingaba khona ezivela emiphumeleni engavamile engelashwanga zingahlanganisa:

• Ukuqhubekela phambili ekulimaleni okungaphambi komdlavuza: Izinguquko eziphezulu ezidinga ukwelashwa
• Umdlavuza wesisu: Umphumela ongavamile ovela eminyakeni eminingi ngaphandle kokwelashwa
• Izinkathazo zokuzala: Ukwelashwa okukhulu kokungavamile okukhulu kungase kuthinte ukukhulelwa okuzayo
• Izifo eziphindaphindayo: Ukutheleleka kwe-HPV okuqhubekayo okungacaci ngokwemvelo

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ngokuqapha njalo nokwelashwa okufanele uma kudingeka, izinkinga ezingathi sína zivame kakhulu. Abesifazane abaningi abanemiphumela engavamile ye-colposcopy baqhubeka nokuphila impilo ejwayelekile, enempilo.

Kufanele ngibone nini udokotela ngemva kwe-colposcopy?

Kufanele uthinte udokotela wakho uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezikhathazayo ngemva kwe-colposcopy yakho, ikakhulukazi uma kwenziwa i-biopsy. Ngenkathi abesifazane abaningi bengenazo izinkinga ngemva kwenqubo, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi yini okumele uyibheke.

Izimpawu ezijwayelekile ngemva kwe-colposcopy zihlanganisa ukuqaqamba okuncane amahora ambalwa nokuchitheka okuncane usuku olulodwa noma ezimbili. Uma uke waba ne-biopsy, kungenzeka ukuthi ube nokopha okuncane nokukhipha okumnyama njengoba indawo ye-biopsy iphola.

Xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu:

• Ukuphuma kwegazi okuningi okumanzisa amaphedi angaphezu kwelilodwa ngehora
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu besinqe obungathuthuki ngemithi yokwelapha ubuhlungu etholakala ngaphandle kwemvume kadokotela
• Umkhuhlane ongaphezu kuka-100.4°F (38°C)
• Ukuphuma kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane okunuka kabi
• Ukuphuma kwegazi okuqhubeka isonto elingaphezu kwelilodwa
• Izimpawu zokutheleleka njengobuhlungu obukhulu, ukuvuvukala, noma ukufudumala

Hlela futhi i-aphoyintimenti yokulandela njengoba kunconywe udokotela wakho, ngisho noma uzizwa ulungile. Lokhu kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuphola okufanele futhi kuvumela udokotela wakho ukuthi axoxe ngemiphumela yakho nanoma yiziphi izinyathelo ezilandelayo.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana ne-colposcopy

Umbuzo 1: Ingabe i-colposcopy ibuhlungu?

Abesifazane abaningi bachaza i-colposcopy njengengakhululekile kancane kunokuba ibuhlungu, okufana ne-Pap smear. Ukufakwa nokubekwa kwe-speculum kungase kubangele ukucindezela okuthile noma ukuqaqamba okuncane, kodwa i-colposcope ngokwayo ayithinti umzimba wakho.

Uma udokotela wakho ethatha i-biopsy, kungenzeka uzwe ukuzwa okufushane noma ukuqaqamba. Ukuthatha umuthi wokwelapha ubuhlungu ngaphandle kwemvume kadokotela cishe imizuzu engama-30 ngaphambi kwe-aphoyintimenti yakho kungasiza ukunciphisa noma yikuphi ukungakhululeki.

Umbuzo 2: Ingabe i-colposcopy engajwayelekile isho ukuthi ngine-cancer?

Cha, imiphumela ye-colposcopy engajwayelekile cishe ayisho ukuthi une-cancer. Ukutholwa okuningi okungajwayelekile kubonisa izinguquko ezingaphambi kwe-cancer noma izimo ezingenasici ezilashwa kalula.

I-Colposcopy yenzelwe ngokuqondile ukubamba izinkinga zisasekuqaleni, ngaphambi kokuba zibe zimbi. Ngisho nezinguquko eziphezulu zithathwa njengezingaphambi kwe-cancer, okusho ukuthi zingase zithuthuke zibe yi-cancer eminyakeni eminingi uma zingelashwa, kodwa azizona i-cancer ngokwazo.

Umbuzo 3: Ngingaba nobuhlobo bobulili ngemva kwe-colposcopy?

Kufanele ukugweme ukuhlangana ngokocansi cishe amahora angama-24 kuya kwangama-48 ngemuva kwe-colposcopy, ikakhulukazi uma uke waba ne-biopsy. Lokhu kunika isitho sakho sesibeletho isikhathi sokululama futhi kunciphisa ingozi yokutheleleka noma ukopha okwengeziwe.

Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imiyalelo ethile ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho somuntu ngamunye. Uma uke waba ne-biopsy, ungase udinge ukulinda kufika evikini elilodwa ngaphambi kokuqala kabusha umsebenzi wobulili.

Q4: Ngivame kangakanani ukudinga i-colposcopy?

Ukuvama kwe-colposcopy kuncike emiphumeleni yakho kanye nezici eziyingozi. Uma i-colposcopy yakho ijwayelekile, ungase ungadingi enye iminyaka eminingi futhi ungabuyela ekuhlolweni okuvamile kwe-Pap smear.

Uma kutholakala izindawo ezingajwayelekile, udokotela wakho angase ancome i-colposcopy yokulandela ngemva kwezinyanga eziyi-6 kuya onyakeni owodwa ukuze aqaphe noma yiziphi izinguquko. Abesifazane abanezinga eliphezulu lezinto ezingajwayelekile ezilashwe ngokuvamile badinga ukuqapha kaningi ekuqaleni.

Q5: Ingabe i-colposcopy ingawuthinta umthamo wami wokukhulelwa?

I-Colposcopy ngokwayo ayithinti inzalo noma ikhono lakho lokuthwala ukukhulelwa. Le nqubo iyindlela yokuxilonga kuphela futhi ayisusi noma ilimaze izicubu zesibeletho.

Nokho, uma ukwelashwa kudingeka ngezinto ezingajwayelekile ezitholakele, ezinye izinqubo zingase zithinte kancane ukukhulelwa okuzayo. Udokotela wakho uzoxoxa nganoma yimiphumela engaba khona yenzalo uma ukwelashwa kuba kuyadingeka, futhi abesifazane abaningi baqhubeka nokuba nokukhulelwa okuvamile ngisho nangemva kwezinqubo zesibeletho.