Yini i-Coronary Angiogram? Inhloso, Inqubo & Nemiphumela

I-coronary angiogram iyisivivinyo esikhethekile se-X-ray esibonisa ukuthi igazi lihamba kanjani ngemithambo yenhliziyo yakho. Cabanga ngayo njengemephu yomgwaqo esiza udokotela wakho ukuthi abone ukuthi ngabe zikhona yini izithiyo noma izindawo ezincane emithanjeni yegazi enikeza imisipha yenhliziyo yakho. Lolu vivinyo lusebenzisa umbala okhethekile kanye nobuchwepheshe be-X-ray ukudala izithombe ezinemininingwane yemithambo yakho ye-coronary, okunikeza ithimba lakho lezokwelapha imininingwane ebalulekile ngempilo yenhliziyo yakho.

Yini i-coronary angiogram?

I-coronary angiogram iyinqubo yokuxilonga edala izithombe ezinemininingwane yemithambo yegazi yenhliziyo yakho. Ngesikhathi salolu vivinyo, kushayelwa ngobumnene ithumbu elincane, eliguquguqukayo elibizwa nge-catheter emthanjeni wegazi, ngokuvamile esihlakaleni sakho noma endaweni ye-groin. Umbala ohlukile bese ufakwa ngale catheter, okwenza imithambo yakho ye-coronary ibonakale ezithombeni ze-X-ray.

Le nqubo ingeyeqembu lezivivinyo ezibizwa nge-cardiac catheterization. Ithathwa njengezinga legolide lokuxilonga isifo semithambo ye-coronary ngoba inikeza umbono ocacile, onemininingwane eminingi wokunikezwa kwegazi kwenhliziyo yakho. Izithombe zisiza odokotela ukuthi babone kahle ukuthi izithiyo zingatholakala kuphi nokuthi zinkulu kangakanani.

Lolu vivinyo lwahlukile kwezinye izivivinyo zokuthwebula izithombe zenhliziyo ngoba lubonisa ukuhamba kwegazi ngesikhathi sangempela ngemithambo yakho. Ngenkathi ezinye izivivinyo ezinjengezivivinyo zokucindezeleka noma ama-CT scan zingasikisela izinkinga, i-angiography inikeza udokotela wakho ukubuka okuqondile kokwenzekayo ngaphakathi kwemithambo yakho ye-coronary.

Kungani kwenziwa i-coronary angiogram?

Udokotela wakho angase ancome i-coronary angiogram lapho bedinga ukuthola isithombe esicacile semithambo yegazi yenhliziyo yakho. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka lapho ezinye izivivinyo zikhomba ukuthi ungase ube nesifo semithambo ye-coronary, noma lapho uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezingabonisa izinkinga zenhliziyo.

Isizathu esivame kakhulu salolu vivinyo ukuhlola ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukungakhululeki okungase kuhlobane nenhliziyo yakho. Uma uke waba nobuhlungu besifuba ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca, ukuphefumula kanzima, noma ezinye izimpawu ezikhathazayo, udokotela wakho ufuna ukubona ukuthi imithambo evaliwe iyimbangela.

Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela batusa lolu vivinyo ngemuva kokuba nesifo senhliziyo. Kulezi zimo eziphuthumayo, i-angiogram ibasiza ukuthi bakhombe ngokushesha ukuthi yimuphi umthambo ovalekile ukuze bakwazi ukubuyisela ukuhamba kwegazi emsipheni wenhliziyo yakho ngokushesha okukhulu.

Nazi izizathu eziyinhloko zokuthi kungani udokotela wakho engase aphonse i-coronary angiogram:

• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukucindezela okuba kubi kakhulu ngomsebenzi
• Imiphumela engavamile ekuhlolweni kokucindezeleka noma kwenye imifanekiso yenhliziyo
• Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma ukusolwa ukuthi uhlaselwe yinhliziyo
• Ukuphefumula kanzima okungase kuhlobane nenhliziyo
• Ukuhlela ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo noma ezinye izinqubo
• Ukuqapha ukuvaleka okwelashwe ngaphambilini
• Ukuhlola izinkinga ze-valve yenhliziyo
• Ukuhlola ukusebenza kwenhliziyo ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa okukhulu

Udokotela wakho angase futhi asebenzise lolu vivinyo ukuhlela ukwelashwa okufana ne-angioplasty noma ukuhlinzwa kwe-bypass. Izithombe ezinemininingwane zibabasiza ukuthi banqume ukuthi iyiphi indlela engasebenza kahle esimweni sakho esithile.

Yini inqubo ye-coronary angiogram?

Inqubo ye-coronary angiogram ngokuvamile ithatha imizuzu engama-30 kuya kwengama-60 futhi yenziwa egumbini elikhethekile elibizwa ngokuthi i-cardiac catheterization laboratory. Uzobe uvukile ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, kodwa uzothola imithi ukukusiza ukuthi uphumule kanye ne-anesthesia yendawo ukuze uqede indawo lapho i-catheter ingena emzimbeni wakho.

Ngaphambi kokuthi inqubo iqale, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizohlanza futhi lihlanzeke indawo yokufaka, ngokuvamile isihlakala sakho noma i-groin. Bese benza umgodi omncane emthanjeni wakho bese befaka ithumbu elincane, eliguquguqukayo elibizwa nge-catheter. Le catheter iqondiswa ngokucophelela ngemithambo yakho yegazi ukuze ifinyelele enhliziyweni yakho.

Uma ikhathetha isendaweni, udokotela wakho uzokujova umbala ohlukile ngawo. Lo mbala wenza imithambo yakho ye-coronary ibonakale ezithombeni ze-X-ray, okuvumela udokotela wakho ukuthi abone ukuthi igazi lihamba kanjani ngayo. Ungase uzwe umuzwa ofudumele lapho umbala ujovwa, kodwa lokhu kujwayelekile.

Nakhu okwenzekayo ngesikhathi senqubo isinyathelo ngesinyathelo:

1. Uzoqala ulale etafuleni elikhethekile le-X-ray futhi uthole ukuthuliswa okuncane
2. Indawo yokufaka ihlanzwa futhi ithuliswe ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia yendawo
3. Kwenziwa ukusikeka okuncane futhi kufakwe ikhathetha
4. Ikhathetha iqondiswa enhliziyweni yakho kusetshenziswa isiqondiso se-X-ray
5. Umbala ohlukile ujovwa ukuze kwenziwe imithambo ibonakale
6. Izithombe ze-X-ray zithathwa ngama-engeli ahlukene
7. Ikhathetha ikhishwa ngokucophelela
8. Kufakwa ingcindezi ukuvimbela ukopha endaweni yokufaka

Kuyo yonke inqubo, isigqi senhliziyo yakho nomfutho wegazi kuqashwa ngokuqhubekayo. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokhuluma nawe ngesinyathelo ngasinye, futhi ungenza imibuzo noma uveze noma yikuphi ukukhathazeka nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.

Ungalungiselela kanjani i-coronary angiogram yakho?

Ukulungiselela i-coronary angiogram yakho kuhilela izinyathelo eziningana ezibalulekile ezisiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inqubo ihamba kahle futhi iphephile. Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imiyalelo ethile esekelwe esimweni sakho sempilo, kodwa kuneziqondiso ezithile ezijwayelekile ezisebenza ezigulini eziningi.

Ngokuvamile uzodinga ukugwema ukudla noma ukuphuza amahora angu-6 kuya kwangu-8 ngaphambi kwenqubo. Lesi sikhathi sokuzila ukudla sisiza ukuvimbela izinkinga uma udinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ngqo ukuthi uyeke nini ukudla nokuphuza ngokuya ngesikhathi sakho esihleliwe senqubo.

Kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngayo yonke imithi yakho nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Eminye imithi ingase idinge ukumiswa okwesikhashana, kanti eminye kufanele iqhubeke. Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha imithi enqunyiwe ngaphandle kwemvume kadokotela wakho, ikakhulukazi imithi yenhliziyo.

Nawa amanyathelo abalulekile okulungiselela okudingeka ukuthi uwalandele:

• Zila ukudla amahora angu-6-8 ngaphambi kwenqubo
• Thatha imithi evunyelwe kuphela ngamanzi amancane
• Lungiselela othile ukuthi akuqhubele ekhaya ngemva kwalokho
• Susa ubucwebe, amazinyo okwenziwa, namalensi okuxhumana
• Gqoka izingubo ezikhululekile, ezingaqinile
• Tshela udokotela wakho nganoma yikuphi ukungezwani, ikakhulukazi kumbala ohlukile
• Tshela udokotela wakho uma ungase ukhulelwe
• Letha uhlu lwazo zonke izidakamizwa nezithasiselo

Uma unesifo sikashukela, udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imiyalelo ekhethekile mayelana nokuphatha ushukela wegazi lakho nemithi yesifo sikashukela. Abantu abanezinkinga zezinso bangase badinge ukulungiswa okwengeziwe ukuvikela izinso zabo kumbala ohlukile.

Ungawafunda kanjani imiphumela yakho ye-coronary angiogram?

Imiphumela yakho ye-coronary angiogram ikhombisa ukuthi igazi lihamba kahle kangakanani emithanjeni yenhliziyo yakho nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini ukuvaleka noma ukuncipha. Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela le miphumela ngemininingwane, kodwa ukuqonda okuyisisekelo kungakusiza ukuthi uzizwe ulungiselele kakhulu leyo ngxoxo.

Imiphumela ejwayelekile isho ukuthi imithambo yakho ye-coronary icacile futhi igazi lihamba ngokukhululeka emsipheni wenhliziyo yakho. Uzobona imithambo yegazi ebushelelezi, ezingashintshi ngaphandle kokuncipha okukhulu noma ukuvaleka. Lezi yizindaba ezinhle futhi zisho ukuthi ingozi yakho yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo ngenxa yesifo semithambo ye-coronary iphansi.

Imiphumela engajwayelekile ikhombisa ukuvaleka noma ukuncipha emithanjeni yakho ye-coronary eyodwa noma ngaphezulu. Lokhu kuvaleka kuvame ukubangelwa ukwakheka kwe-plaque, okuqukethe i-cholesterol, amafutha, nezinye izinto. Ubukhulu bokuvaleka bulinganiswa njengephesenti lokuthi umthambo unciphile kangakanani.

Nakhu ukuthi odokotela bavame ukuhlukanisa kanjani ukuvaleka:

• Ukuvaleka okulula: Ukuncipha okungaphansi kuka-50%
• Ukuvaleka okuphakathi: Ukuncipha okungu-50-70%
• Ukuvaleka okukhulu: Ukuncipha okungu-70-90%
• Ukuvaleka okubucayi: Ukuncipha okungaphezu kuka-90%
• Ukuvaleka okuphelele: Ukuncipha okungu-100% (ukuvaleka okuphelele)

Imiphumela yakho izophinde ikhombise ukuthi yimiphi imithambo ethintekile. Imithambo emikhulu emithathu ye-coronary yi-left anterior descending (LAD), i-right coronary artery (RCA), kanye ne-left circumflex artery. Ngayinye inikeza igazi ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zomzimba wakho wenhliziyo.

Ezimweni ezingavamile, ungase ube ne-coronary artery spasm, lapho umthambo uvaleka okwesikhashana, noma i-coronary artery dissection, lapho udonga lomthambo ludabuka. Lezi zimo zidinga ukunakwa ngokushesha kanye nezindlela zokwelapha ezikhethekile.

Ungazilungisa kanjani izithiyo zakho zemithambo ye-coronary?

Ukwelashwa kwezithiyo zemithambo ye-coronary kuncike ezintweni eziningana, okuhlanganisa indawo nobukhulu bezithiyo, impilo yakho yonke, nezimpawu zakho. Udokotela wakho uzosebenza nawe ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lokwelapha olulungele isimo sakho esithile.

Ezithiyweni ezilula, izinguquko zokuphila nemithi kungenzeka zanele. Le ndlela igxila ekuvikeleni izithiyo ekubeni zimbi futhi kunciphisa ingozi yakho yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Udokotela wakho angase akwelule imithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol, ukulawula umfutho wegazi, noma ukuvimbela ukujiya kwegazi.

Izithiyo ezibaluleke kakhulu zivame ukudinga izinqubo zokubuyisela ukuhamba kwegazi enhliziyweni yakho. Izinketho ezimbili eziyinhloko yi-angioplasty enokufakwa kwe-stent noma ukuhlinzwa kwe-coronary artery bypass. Udokotela wakho uzoncoma indlela engcono kakhulu ngokusekelwe kuphethini yakho ethile yokuvaleka nempilo yakho yonke.

Nazi izinketho zokwelapha eziyinhloko zezithiyo zemithambo ye-coronary:

• Ushintsho lwendlela yokuphila (ukudla, ukuzivivinya, ukuyeka ukubhema)
• Imithi (ama-statins, ama-blood thinners, imithi yokwehlisa umfutho wegazi)
• I-Angioplasty ngokufakwa kwe-stent
• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-coronary artery bypass
• I-Enhanced external counterpulsation (izimo ezingavamile)
• I-Transmyocardial laser revascularization (ayivamile kakhulu)

I-Angioplasty ihlanganisa ukufaka ibhaluni elincane emthanjeni ovalekile bese liyakhukhuliswa ukuze kuvulwe ukuvaleka. I-stent, okuyishubhu elincane le-mesh, ngokuvamile lifakwa ukuze ligcine umthambo uvulekile. Le nqubo ingavame ukwenziwa ngokushesha ngemva kwe-angiogram yakho uma kutholakala ukuvaleka okukhulu.

Ukuvaleka okuyinkimbinkimbi okubandakanya imithambo eminingi, ukuhlinzwa kwe-bypass kungase kunconywe. Le nqubo idala izindlela ezintsha zegazi ukuze ligeleze ngaphandle kwemithambo evaliwe kusetshenziswa imithambo yegazi ezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho.

Yini umphumela ongcono kakhulu we-coronary angiogram?

Umphumela ongcono kakhulu we-coronary angiogram ubonisa imithambo ye-coronary ecacile ngokuphelele, ebushelelezi ngaphandle kokuvaleka noma ukuncipha. Lokhu kusho ukuthi igazi ligeleza ngokukhululeka kuwo wonke amalungu emisipha yenhliziyo yakho, futhi ingozi yakho yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo ngenxa yesifo semithambo ye-coronary iphansi kakhulu.

Emphumeleni ofanele, yonke imithambo emithathu emikhulu ye-coronary namagatsha ayo abonakala evulekile futhi ebushelelezi. Umbala ohlukile ugeleza ngokushesha futhi ngokulinganayo kuwo wonke imithambo, ufika kuyo yonke ingxenye yemisipha yenhliziyo yakho. Akukho izindawo zokuncipha, ukwakheka kwe-plaque, noma amaphethini emithambo angavamile.

Nokho, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ukuba nokungahambi kahle okuncane akusho ngempela ukuthi usengozini esheshayo. Abantu abaningi banokwakheka okuncane kwe-plaque okungathinti ngokuphawulekayo ukugeleza kwegazi. Udokotela wakho uzokusiza ukuthi uqonde ukuthi imiphumela yakho ethile isho ukuthini empilweni yakho.

Noma i-angiogram yakho ikhombisa ukuvaleka okuthile, lolu lwazi luyigugu ngoba luvumela udokotela wakho ukuthi akhe uhlelo lokwelapha ukuvikela inhliziyo yakho. Ukutholwa kwasekuqaleni nokwelashwa kwesifo semithambo yenhliziyo kungavimbela ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo futhi kukusize ukuthi uhlale unempilo, uphila impilo esebenzayo.

Ziyini izici eziyingozi zesifo semithambo yenhliziyo?

Izici eziningana zingakhuphula ingozi yakho yokuthuthukisa isifo semithambo yenhliziyo, okuyilokho ama-angiograms emithambo yenhliziyo aklanyelwe ukukuthola. Ezinye izici eziyingozi ungalawula zona, kanti ezinye zingaphandle kokulawula kwakho. Ukuqonda lezi zici kukusiza ukuthi wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nempilo yenhliziyo yakho.

Izici eziyingozi ongazilawula zihlanganisa izinqumo zokuphila kanye nezimo ezithile zezokwelapha. Ukwenza izinguquko kulezi zici eziyingozi ezingashintshwa kunganciphisa kakhulu amathuba akho okuthuthukisa isifo semithambo yenhliziyo noma kuvimbele ukuvaleka okukhona ukuthi kungabi kubi nakakhulu.

Izici eziyingozi ongeke ukwazi ukuzishintsha zihlanganisa iminyaka yakho, ubulili, nomlando womndeni. Ngenkathi ungeke ukwazi ukushintsha lezi zici, ukuqaphela ngazo kukusiza wena nodokotela wakho ukuthi niqonde izinga lakho lengozi yonke futhi nihlele izindlela ezifanele zokuhlola nokuvimbela.

Nazi izici eziyingozi eziyinhloko zesifo semithambo yenhliziyo:

• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu (i-hypertension)
• Amazinga e-cholesterol aphezulu
• Ukubhema noma ukusebenzisa ugwayi
• Isifo sikashukela noma i-prediabetes
• Ukukhuluphala, ikakhulukazi ukukhuluphala kwesisu
• Ukungasebenzi ngokomzimba
• Ukudla okungenampilo okuphezulu ngamafutha agcwele
• Ukucindezeleka okungapheli
• Umlando womndeni wesifo senhliziyo
• Ubudala (amadoda angaphezu kweminyaka engama-45, abesifazane abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-55)
• Umlando wangaphambilini wesifo senhliziyo

Ezinye izici eziyingozi ezingavamile zihlanganisa isifo sezinso esingapheli, izimo ezivuvukalayo njenge-rheumatoid arthritis, ne-sleep apnea. Abantu abane-HIV noma labo abathole izinhlobo ezithile ze-chemotherapy noma i-radiation therapy nabo bangase babe nengozi eyengeziwe.

Ukuba nezici eziningi eziyingozi kwandisa ingozi yakho iyonke ngaphezu kokuba neyodwa nje. Yingakho udokotela wakho ecabangela isithombe sakho sempilo esiphelele lapho ehlola isidingo sakho se-coronary angiogram kanye nezinye izivivinyo zenhliziyo.

Ingabe kungcono ukuba nokuvinjwa okuphezulu noma okuphansi kwemithambo yenhliziyo?

Amazinga aphansi okuvinjwa kwemithambo yenhliziyo ahlala engcono kunamazinga aphezulu. Ngokufanelekile, awufuni ukuvinjwa nhlobo, kodwa uma ukuvinjwa kukhona, ukuncipha okuncane kakhulu kukhethwa kakhulu kunokuvinjwa okukhulu.

Ukuvinjwa okulula (ukuncipha okungaphansi kuka-50%) ngokuvamile akubangeli izimpawu futhi kungase kungadingi izinqubo ngokushesha. Lokhu kuvame ukulawulwa ngezinguquko zokuphila kanye nemithi ukuvimbela ukuqhubeka. Inhliziyo yakho ngokuvamile ingasebenza kahle ngokuvinjwa okulula, ikakhulukazi uma kuthuthuka kancane kancane.

Ukuvinjwa okukhulu (70% noma ngaphezulu kokuncipha) kukhathaza kakhulu ngoba kukhawulela kakhulu ukuhamba kwegazi emsipheni wenhliziyo yakho. Lokhu kuvinjwa kungabangela ubuhlungu besifuba, ukuphefumula kanzima, futhi kwandise ingozi yakho yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Ngokuvamile kudinga ukwelashwa okunonya okufana ne-angioplasty noma ukuhlinzwa kokudlula.

Noma ngokuvinjwa okukhulu, ukutholwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi nge-coronary angiogram kuyasiza ngoba kuvumela ukwelashwa okusheshayo. Abantu abaningi abanokuvinjwa okukhulu baphila impilo enempilo, esebenzayo ngemva kokwelashwa okufanele kanye nezinguquko zokuphila.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingase zibe khona ze-coronary angiogram?

Ngenkathi i-coronary angiogram ngokuvamile iphephile kakhulu, njenganoma iyiphi inqubo yezokwelapha, ithwala ezinye izingozi. Iningi labantu alitholi zinkinga, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqonda izingozi ezingaba khona ukuze ukwazi ukwenza isinqumo esinolwazi mayelana nokunakekelwa kwakho.

Izinkinga eziningi zincane futhi zesikhashana. Izinkinga ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa ukulimala noma ukuphuma kwegazi endaweni okufakwe kuyo i-catheter, okuvame ukuzixazulula ngokwako ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Abanye abantu bazwa ubuhlungu besikhashana noma ukungakhululeki lapho i-catheter ifakwe khona.

Izinkinga ezingathi sína zivamile kodwa zingenzeka. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukulimala emthanjeni lapho i-catheter ifakwe khona, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile ngesikhathi senqubo, noma ukusabela komzimba ngaphandle kokuthanda emanzini okuhlolwa ngawo. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lilungele ukubhekana nalezi zimo uma zivela.

Nawa amathuba okuba khona kwezinkinga, abhalwe kusukela kwavame kakhulu kuya kwangavamile:

• Ukuqina noma ukuphuma kwegazi endaweni yokufaka
• Ukungakhululeki kwesikhashana noma ubuhlungu
• Ukusabela komzimba ngaphandle kokuthanda emanzini okuhlolwa ngawo (ngokuvamile kulula)
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile ngesikhathi senqubo
• Umonakalo odongeni lomthambo
• Ukwakheka kwegazi
• Izinkinga zezinso ezivela emanzini okuhlolwa ngawo (avamile)
• Isifo sohlangothi (esingavamile kakhulu)
• Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo ngesikhathi senqubo (esingavamile kakhulu)
• Ukusabela komzimba ngaphandle kokuthanda okudinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo (okungavamile kakhulu)

Abantu abanezimo ezithile, njengesifo sezinso noma isifo sikashukela, bangase babe nobungozi obukhulu kancane. Udokotela wakho uzoxoxa ngezici zakho eziyingozi ngaphambi kwenqubo futhi athathe izinyathelo zokunciphisa noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingase zibe khona.

Ingozi yonke yezinkinga ezingathi sína ingaphansi kuka-1%. Izinzuzo zokuthola ukuxilongwa okunembile ngokuvamile zidlula izingozi ezincane ezihambisana nenqubo.

Kufanele ngibone nini udokotela ukuze ngilandelele i-coronary angiogram?

Kufanele ubone udokotela wakho ukuze uthole ukunakekelwa okulandelayo ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yakho ethile kanye nohlelo lokwelapha. Uma i-angiogram yakho yayijwayelekile, ungase ungadingi ama-aphoyintimenti okulandelayo njalo, kodwa udokotela wakho uzofuna ukuqapha impilo yenhliziyo yakho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ngemuva kwenqubo, ngokuvamile uzoba nokuqokwa okulandelayo phakathi nesonto elilodwa noma amabili ukuxoxa ngemiphumela yakho ngokuningiliziwe futhi uhlele noma yikuphi ukwelashwa okudingekayo. Lokhu kuqokwa kubalulekile ekuqondeni ukuthi imiphumela yakho isho ukuthini nokuthi yiziphi izinyathelo okudingeka uzithathe ngokulandelayo.

Uma uthole ukwelashwa okufana ne-angioplasty noma ukubekwa kwe-stent ngesikhathi se-angiogram yakho, uzodinga ukuvakashelwa okulandelayo okuvamile. Udokotela wakho uzofuna ukuqapha ukuthi ukwelashwa kusebenza kahle kangakanani futhi aqinisekise ukuthi ukululama kwakho kuqhubeka kahle.

Kufanele uthinte udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezikhathazayo ngemuva kwe-angiogram yakho:

• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukucindezela
• Ukuphefumula okuncane
• Ukuphuma kwegazi okukhulu noma ukuvuvukala endaweni yokufaka
• Izimpawu zokutheleleka (umkhuhlane, ububomvu, ukufudumala)
• Ukuba ndikindiki noma izinguquko zombala engalweni yakho noma emlenzeni wakho
• Isiyezi noma ukuquleka
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu eliqinile

Ukuqapha kwesikhathi eside kuncike emiphumeleni yakho nasekwelashweni. Abanye abantu badinga ama-angiogram aphindwayo esikhathini esizayo ukuqapha isimo sabo, kanti abanye bangase badinge kuphela ukuhlolwa okuvamile ngezivivinyo ezingahlaseli kakhulu.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana ne-coronary angiogram

Q.1 Ingabe ukuhlolwa kwe-coronary angiogram kulungile ekutholeni ukuvaleka kwenhliziyo?

Yebo, i-coronary angiogram ithathwa njengezinga legolide lokuthola ukuvaleka kwenhliziyo. Inikeza izithombe ezinembile kakhulu nezinemininingwane yezinzwa zakho ze-coronary, okuvumela odokotela ukuthi babone kahle lapho ukuvaleka kutholakala khona nokuthi kubi kangakanani. Lolu vivinyo lungathola ukuvaleka okungenzeka kungaveli kwezinye izinhlobo zokuhlolwa kwenhliziyo.

Uvivinyo lunembile kangangokuthi lungathola ukuvaleka okuncane njengokuncipha okungu-10-20%, nakuba ukwelashwa ngokuvamile kungadingeki kuze kube yilapho ukuvaleka kufinyelela ku-70% noma ngaphezulu. Lokhu kunemba kwenza kube yindlela ethembeke kakhulu yokuxilonga isifo semithambo ye-coronary nokuhlela ukwelashwa okufanele.

Q.2 Ingabe ukuvaleka okuphezulu kwemithambo ye-coronary kubangela ubuhlungu besifuba?

Amazinga aphezulu okuvaleka kwemithambo yenhliziyo kungabangela ubuhlungu besifuba, kodwa akubona bonke abantu abanokuvaleka okukhulu ababa nezimpawu. Uma ukuvaleka kufinyelela ku-70% noma ngaphezulu, kuvame ukubangela ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukucindezela, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca lapho inhliziyo yakho idinga ukuthuthwa kwegazi eliningi.

Nokho, abanye abantu bathuthukisa ukuvaleka kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi izinhliziyo zabo zenza imithambo emincane yokudlula ngemvelo. Laba bantu bangase babe nokuvaleka okukhulu ngaphandle kwezimpawu ezisobala. Yingakho i-coronary angiogram ibaluleke kangaka - ingathola ukuvaleka okuyingozi ngisho nalapho izimpawu zingekho.

Q.3 Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama ku-coronary angiogram?

Ukwelulama ku-coronary angiogram kuvame ukushesha kakhulu. Abantu abaningi bangakwazi ukubuyela emisebenzini evamile kungakapheli amahora angu-24-48 ngemva kwenqubo. Uzodinga ukugwema ukuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo noma umsebenzi onzima izinsuku ezimbalwa ukuze uvumele indawo yokufaka ukuba iphole kahle.

Uma ubeka i-catheter ngesihlakala sakho, ukululama kuvame ukushesha kunokuba kwafakwa emgodini wakho. Indawo yokufaka ingase ibe nobumnene izinsuku ezimbalwa, kodwa lokhu kuvamile futhi kufanele kuthuthuke kancane kancane.

Q.4 Ngingashayela ngemva kwe-coronary angiogram?

Akufanele ushayele ngemva nje kwe-coronary angiogram ngoba cishe uzothola imithi yokuthulisa ngesikhathi senqubo. Odokotela abaningi batusa ukulinda okungenani amahora angu-24 ngaphambi kokushayela, futhi uzodinga othile ukuba akuqhubele ekhaya ngemva kwenqubo.

Uma imiphumela yemithi yokuthulisa isiphelile futhi uzizwa ujwayelekile ngokuphelele, ukushayela ngokuvamile kuphephile. Nokho, uma uthole ukwelashwa okufana ne-angioplasty ngesikhathi se-angiogram yakho, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukulinda isikhashana ngaphambi kokushayela.

Q.5 Kufanele ngidle ini ngemva kwe-coronary angiogram?

Ngemva kwe-coronary angiogram, ngokuvamile ungaqhubeka nokudla kwakho okuvamile uma uzizwa kahle. Kubalulekile ukuphuza amanzi amaningi ukuze usize izinso zakho ukucubungula umbala osetshenziswe ngesikhathi senqubo.

Uma i-angiogram yakho yembula ukuvaleka, udokotela wakho cishe uzoncoma izinguquko zokudla ezinempilo enhliziyweni. Lokhu ngokuvamile kuhlanganisa ukudla izithelo nemifino eningi, ukukhetha okusanhlamvu okuphelele, ukukhawulela amafutha agcwele, nokunciphisa ukudla kwe-sodium. Lezi zinguquko zingasiza ekuvikeleni ukuvaleka okukhona ekubeni kubi nakakhulu.