Ziyini Izinduku Zezindlebe? Inhloso, Inqubo & Imiphumela

Izinduku zezindlebe ziyizilinda ezincane ezifakwa esigubhu sendlebe yakho ukusiza ukukhipha uketshezi nokuvimbela izifo zezindlebe. Lezi zinsiza zokwelapha ezincane zakha indlela yokuthi umoya ungene endlebeni yakho emaphakathi, njengokuvula iwindi egumbini elinomoya ongcolile.

Uma wena noma ingane yakho nibhekene nezifo zezindlebe ezivamile noma izinkinga zokuzwa, udokotela wakho angase ancome izinduku zezindlebe njengesisombululo. Le nqubo ejwayelekile isize izigidi zabantu baphefumule kalula futhi bezwe kangcono.

Ziyini izinduku zezindlebe?

Izinduku zezindlebe ziyizilinda ezincane, ezingenamuntu ezenziwe ngepulasitiki noma insimbi ezifakwa odokotela esigubhu sendlebe yakho. Zibizwa nangokuthi izinduku ze-tympanostomy, izinduku zokungenisa umoya, noma izinduku zokulinganisa ingcindezi.

Lezi zinsiza ezincane zicishe zibe nobukhulu bezinhlamvu zelayisi futhi zisebenza ngokudala ukuvuleka esigubhini sendlebe yakho. Lokhu kuvuleka kuvumela umoya ukuthi ungene endaweni yendlebe yakho emaphakathi, evame ukuhlala ivaliwe emhlabeni ongaphandle.

Cabanga ngendlebe yakho emaphakathi njengekamelo elivaliwe ngemuva kwesigubhu sendlebe yakho. Uma lelo gumbi lingakwazi ukuthola umoya ohlanzekile noma likhiphe kahle, izinkinga ziqala ukuvela. Izinduku zezindlebe ngokuyisisekelo zinikeza lelo gumbi umnyango omncane ukuze lihlale linempilo.

Kungani kwenziwa izinduku zezindlebe?

Odokotela bancoma izinduku zezindlebe uma indlebe yakho emaphakathi igcwaliswa ngokuphindaphindiwe uketshezi noma ithola ukutheleleka. Lokhu kwenzeka kaningi ezinganeni, kodwa abadala bangazidinga nabo.

Indlebe yakho emaphakathi ngokwemvelo ikhiqiza uketshezi, futhi ngokuvamile lokho ketshezi lugelezela ngeshubhu elincane elibizwa nge-eustachian tube. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi le ndlela yokukhipha ivaleka noma ayisebenzi kahle.

Lapho uketshezi luqongelela ngemuva kwesigubhu sendlebe yakho, ludala indawo ephelele yokuthi amagciwane akhule. Lokhu kuholela ezifweni zezindlebe ezibuhlungu, izinkinga zokuzwa, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nokulimala esigubhini sendlebe yakho noma amathambo amancane endlebeni yakho.

Nazi izizathu eziyinhloko ezingenza odokotela bacebise izinduku zezindlebe:

• Ukuvuvukala kwezindlebe okuphindaphindayo (kathathu noma ngaphezulu ezinyangeni eziyisithupha)
• Uketshezi oluqhubekayo endlebeni emaphakathi isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga ezintathu
• Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa ngenxa yokwakheka koketshezi
• Ukukhuluma noma ukubambezeleka kokukhula okuhlobene nezinkinga zokuzwa
• Umonakalo we-eardrum ovela ekuvuvukaleni okuphindaphindiwe
• Izinkinga zokulinganisela ezibangelwa uketshezi lwendlebe emaphakathi

Kwabanye abantu, amashubhu endlebe aba yimpoqo lapho ama-antibiotics kanye neminye imithi ingaxazululanga inkinga. Umgomo uwukubuyisela ukuzwa okujwayelekile nokuvimbela izinkinga zesikhathi esizayo.

Yini inqubo yamashubhu endlebe?

Ukuhlinzwa kwamashubhu endlebe kuyinqubo esheshayo yeziguli eziphuthumayo ebizwa ngokuthi i-myringotomy nge-tube insertion. Yonke inqubo ngokuvamile ithatha imizuzu engaba ngu-10 kuya ku-15 endlebeni ngayinye.

Ezinganeni, le nqubo yenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile, okusho ukuthi zizolala ngokuphelele. Abantu abadala bangase bathole i-anesthesia yendawo noma i-sedation elula esikhundleni salokho.

Nakhu okwenzekayo ngesikhathi senqubo:

1. Uzobekwa kahle etafuleni lokuhlinzwa
2. Udkt. ohlinzayo usebenzisa imakroscope ukuze abone i-eardrum yakho ngokucacile
3. Kwenziwa ukusikeka okuncane ku-eardrum
4. Noma yiluphi uketshezi ngemuva kwe-eardrum luyasuswa ngobumnene
5. I-tube encane ibekwa emgodini
6. Inqubo iphindwa kwenye indlebe uma kudingeka

Ukusikeka ku-eardrum yakho kuncane kangangokuthi kuyelapha ngamashubhu, kuyibambe endaweni. Abantu abaningi bangahamba ngosuku olufanayo, ngokuvamile kungakapheli amahora ambalwa enqubo.

Ungalungela kanjani inqubo yakho yamashubhu endlebe?

Ukulungiselela ukuhlinzwa kwamashubhu endlebe kulula, kodwa ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngokucophelela kuzosiza ekuqinisekiseni umphumela ongcono kakhulu.

Uma uhlinzwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile, uzodinga ukuyeka ukudla nokuphuza isikhathi esithile ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kuvame ukuba ngamahora angaba ngu-6 kuya kwangu-8 ngaphambi kwesikhathi, kodwa udokotela wakho uzokunikeza isikhathi esithile.

Ukulungiselela kwakho kungabandakanya lezi zinyathelo:

• Lungisele umuntu ukuthi akuqhubele ekhaya ngemva kokuhlinzwa
• Landela imiyalelo yokuzila ukudla ngqo njengoba inikeziwe
• Thatha imithi evunyelwe kuphela ngosuku lokuhlinzwa
• Gqoka izingubo ezikhululekile, ezingaqinile
• Susa ubucwebe, izimonyo, kanye ne-nail polish
• Xoxa nganoma yiziphi izinkathazo neqembu lakho lezokwelapha

Ezinganeni, ungase ufune ukuchaza inqubo ngamagama alula futhi ulethe izinto zokududuza njengento yokudlala eyintandokazi noma ingubo. Izikhungo eziningi zokuhlinzwa zinolwazi ekusizeni izingane ukuthi zizizwe zikhululekile.

Ungazifunda kanjani imiphumela yakho yamashubhu endlebe?

Ngemva kokufakwa kwamashubhu endlebe, uzoqaphela ukuthuthuka ekuzweni nasekukhululekeni ngokushesha. Abantu abaningi bathola ukukhululeka ekucindezelweni kwendlebe nobuhlungu phakathi nezinsuku zenqubo.

Udokotela wakho uzohlela ama-aphoyintimenti okulandelayo ukuze ahlolisise ukuthi amashubhu asebenza kahle kangakanani. Ngesikhathi salezi zivakashi, bazobheka izimpawu zokuthi amashubhu ahlala endaweni futhi enza umsebenzi wawo.

Izimpawu ezinhle zokuthi amashubhu akho endlebe asebenza zihlanganisa:

• Ukuthuthukiswa kwekhono lokuzwa
• Ukutheleleka okuncane noma okungekho endlebeni
• Akukho buhlungu bendlebe noma ukucindezelwa
• Ukugeleza okucacile endlebeni (lokhu kuvamile ekuqaleni)
• Ukulinganisela okungcono nokuxhumana
• Ukuthuthukiswa kokukhuluma okungcono ezinganeni

Ngezinye izikhathi ungase uqaphele inani elincane lokugeleza ezindlebeni zakho, ikakhulukazi ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala. Lokhu kuvamile futhi kusho ukuthi amashubhu avumela uketshezi ukuthi luphume kahle.

Ungazinakekela kanjani izindlebe zakho ngamashubhu?

Ukunakekela izindlebe zakho ngamashubhu kuhilela imikhuba ethile yansuku zonke elula futhi uqaphele ukuchayeka emanzini. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi abantu abaningi bangabuyela emisebenzini evamile ngokushesha.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule ukugcina amanzi ngaphandle kwezindlebe zakho. Lapho amanzi engena ezindlebeni ezinamashubhu, angase abangele izifo noma izinkinga ngamashubhu ngokwawo.

Nawa amagayidi okubhekelela okubalulekile okufanele uwalandele:

• Sebenzisa ama-earplugs noma amabhola kakotini ane-petroleum jelly uma ushawa
• Gwema ukubhukuda ngaphansi kwamanzi noma ukugxumela emachibini
• Gcina izindlebe zomile ngesikhathi sokugeza
• Ungasebenzisi ama-cotton swabs ukuhlanza ngaphakathi ezindlebeni zakho
• Xhumana nodokotela wakho njengoba kuhleliwe
• Qaphela izimpawu zokutheleleka njengokwanda kobuhlungu noma ukukhishwa okungavamile

Abantu abaningi bangabhukuda ngamashubhu ezindlebe, kodwa kufanele uhlole nodokotela wakho kuqala. Odokotela abathile bavumela ukubhukuda phezulu ngokuqapha izindlebe okufanele, kanti abanye bakhetha ukuthi ugweme ukubhukuda ngokuphelele.

Ziyini izici eziyingozi zokudinga amashubhu ezindlebe?

Ezinye izici zenza abanye abantu bakwazi ukuthuthukisa izinkinga zezindlebe eziholela ekudingeni amashubhu. Ukuqonda lezi zici eziyingozi kungakusiza ukuthi ubone ukuthi nini okufanele ufune ukwelashwa.

Ubudala buyisici esikhulu esiyingozi, nezingane eziphakathi kwezinyanga eziyi-6 neminyaka emi-3 ezingaba sengozini enkulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amashubhu abo e-eustachian mafushane futhi aqonde ngaphezulu kunakwabantu abadala, okwenza ukukhipha kube nzima.

Izici eziyingozi ezivamile zihlanganisa:

• Ubudala obuncane (ikakhulukazi ngaphansi kweminyaka emi-3 ubudala)
• Ukutheleleka okuphezulu kwemigudu yokuphefumula njalo
• Ukuvezwa intuthu kagwayi
• Ukuya enkulisa noma esikoleni sasekuseni
• Ukungezwani komzimba okubangela ukuminyana kwamakhala
• Umlando womndeni wezinkinga zezindlebe
• Uqhekeko lwangaphakathi noma ezinye izinkinga zobuso
• Ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma isisindo esiphansi sokuzalwa

Izici zemvelo nazo zidlala indima. Izingane ezisondelene nezinye izingane ezigulayo njalo, njengasezindaweni zokunakekela izingane, zivame ukuthola izifo ezingaphefumula ezingaholela ezinkingeni zezindlebe.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona zamashubhu ezindlebe?

Ngenkathi ukuhlinzwa kwamashubhu ezindlebe kuvamile ukuthi kuphephe kakhulu, njenganoma iyiphi inqubo yezokwelapha, kuthwala ezinye izingozi ezingaba khona. Izinkinga eziningi zincane futhi zingalawulwa kalula.

Izinkinga ezivame kakhulu zizinto zesikhashana futhi ziyazixazulula zodwa noma ngemithi elula. Izinkinga ezinzima azivamile, zenzeka ngaphansi kuka-1% wamacala.

Izinkinga ezingase zibe khona zihlanganisa:

• Ukuphuma kwamanzi okwesikhashana ezindlebeni
• Ukuvaleka kweshubhu noma ukususwa kwalo ngaphambi kwesikhathi
• Ukulimala kwesigubhu sendlebe
• Umngxuma oqhubekayo esigubhini sendlebe ngemuva kokususwa kweshubhu
• Ukutheleleka okudinga ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic
• Ushintsho ekuzweni (ngokuvamile okwesikhashana)

Izinkinga ezingavamile kakhulu zingase zihlanganise ukulimala kwesigubhu sendlebe, izinkinga nge-anesthesia, noma ukuphuma kwamanzi okuqhubekayo. Udokotela ohlinzayo uzoxoxa ngalezi zingozi nawe ngaphambi kwenqubo futhi akusize uqonde ukuthi yini okufanele uyibheke ngemuva.

Kufanele ngibone nini udokotela mayelana namashubhu endlebe?

Kufanele uthinte udokotela wakho uma ubona noma yiziphi izimpawu ezikhathazayo ngemuva kokufakwa kweshubhu lendlebe. Ngenkathi abantu abaningi belulama kahle, kubalulekile ukuqaphela lapho kudingeka ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha.

Shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nobuhlungu obukhulu, ukuphuma kwegazi okuningi, noma izimpawu zokutheleleka okukhulu njengomkhuhlane nokukhipha okukhulu, okunemibala okuvela ezindlebeni zakho.

Nazi izimo ezidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu bendlebe obungathuthuki ngemithi yokwelapha ubuhlungu
• Ukuphuma kwegazi eliningi ezindlebeni
• Umkhuhlane ongaphezu kuka-101°F (38.3°C)
• Ukuphuma okukhulu, okuphuzi, noma okuluhlaza okunesihlobo esibi
• Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa okungazelelwe noma izinguquko ezinkulu ekuzweni
• Isiyezi noma izinkinga zokulinganisela eziqhubekayo
• Izimpawu zokuthi ishubhu liwile ngaphambi kwesikhathi

Ukuze kulandelwe njalo, udokotela wakho uzohlela ukuhlolwa okuvamile ukuqapha ukuthi amashubhu akho asebenza kahle kangakanani. La ma-aphoyintimenti abalulekile noma ngabe uzizwa kahle.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa ngamashubhu endlebe

Umbuzo 1: Ingabe amashubhu endlebe ahlala unomphela?

Cha, amashubhu endlebe awahlali unomphela. Amashubhu amaningi aziphuma ngokwemvelo phakathi nezinyanga eziyi-6 kuya eminyakeni emi-2 njengoba ithambo lendlebe lakho liphola futhi likhipha ishubhu. Lokhu kujwayelekile ngokuphelele futhi kulindelekile.

Abanye abantu badinga ukuthi amashubhu ashintshwe uma ephuma ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma uma izinkinga zendlebe zibuyela. Udokotela wakho uzoqapha amashubhu akho ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okulandelayo ukuze anqume ukuthi ukushintshwa kuyadingeka yini.

Umbuzo 2: Ungakuzwa kangcono ngokushesha ngemva kokuthola amashubhu endlebe?

Yebo, abantu abaningi baqaphela ukuthuthuka kokuzwa ngokushesha noma phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwamashubhu endlebe. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba amashubhu avumela uketshezi olubanjwe ukuthi luphume futhi umoya ungene endaweni yendlebe emaphakathi.

Nokho, kungase kuthathe izinsuku ezimbalwa ukuthi lonke uketshezi luphume ngokuphelele, ngakho ukuzwa kungase kuqhubeke nokuthuthuka kancane kancane ngesonto lokuqala noma amabili.

Umbuzo 3: Abantu abadala bangawathola amashubhu endlebe?

Nakanjani, abantu abadala bangawathola amashubhu endlebe uma benezinkinga ezifanayo ezithinta izingane. Nakuba amashubhu endlebe ejwayelekile ezinganeni, abantu abadala abanezifo zendlebe ezingapheli noma ukwakheka okuqhubekayo koketshezi nabo bangazuza kuwo.

Ukuhlinzwa kwamashubhu endlebe kubantu abadala kuvame ukwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia yendawo esikhundleni se-anesthesia ejwayelekile, okwenza kube lula kakhulu kunenqubo yezingane.

Umbuzo 4: Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuhlinzwa kwamashubhu endlebe?

Ukuhlinzwa kwangempela kuvame ukuthatha imizuzu engaba ngu-10 kuya kwengu-15 endlebeni ngayinye. Uma wenza zombili izindlebe, isikhathi esiphelele senqubo sivame ukuba imizuzu engaba ngu-20 kuya kwengu-30.

Nokho, uzodinga ukufika ngaphambi kwesikhathi ukuze ulungiselele futhi uhlale isikhathi esifushane sokululama, ngakho-ke hlela ukuba sesikhungweni sokuhlinzwa cishe amahora angu-2 kuya kwangu-3 esewonke.

Umbuzo 5: Ingabe amashubhu endlebe azothinta ukuthuthukiswa kwenkulumo yengane yami?

Amashubhu endlebe avame ukusiza kunokulimaza ukuthuthukiswa kwenkulumo. Uma izingane ziketshezi ezindlebeni zazo, zingase zibe nenkinga yokuzwa kahle, okungase kubambezele ukuthuthukiswa kwenkulumo nolimi.

Ngokuthuthukisa ukuzwa, amashubhu endlebe ngokuvamile asiza izingane ukuthi zithole noma yikuphi ukubambezeleka kwenkulumo ezingase zibe nakho ngenxa yezinkinga zokuzwa ezivela ezifweni zendlebe ezingapheli.