Created at:1/13/2025
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I-EEG, noma i-electroencephalogram, iyisivivinyo esiphephile futhi esingabuhlungu esiqopha umsebenzi kagesi ebuchosheni bakho. Cabanga ngayo njengendlela odokotela 'abangalalela' ngayo izingxoxo zikagesi zemvelo zobuchopho bakho ngama-sensor amancane abekwe ekhanda lakho.
Lolu vivinyo lusiza odokotela ukuthi baqonde ukuthi ubuchopho bakho busebenza kanjani futhi lungathola izimo ezihlukahlukene ze-neurological. Ubuchopho buhlala buveza amasiginali kagesi amancane njengoba amaseli ezinzwa exhumana, futhi i-EEG ithwebula lawa maphethini ukuze yakhe imephu ebonakalayo yomsebenzi wobuchopho bakho.
I-EEG ilinganisa ama-impulse kagesi amaseli obuchopho bakho akhiqiza ngokwemvelo lapho exhumana. Lawa masiginali kagesi akha amaphethini amaza odokotela abangawafunda futhi bawahlaziye ukuze baqonde impilo yobuchopho bakho.
Uvivinyo lusebenzisa ama-disc amancane ensimbi abizwa ngokuthi ama-electrode abekwa ngobumnene ezindaweni ezihlukene zekhanda lakho. Lawa ma-electrode athola umsebenzi kagesi wobuchopho bese ethumela ulwazi ekhompyutheni eyenza ukuqoshwa okubonakalayo kwama-wave obuchopho bakho.
Ubuchopho bakho buveza izinhlobo ezahlukene zamaza kuye ngokuthi uvukile, ulele, ugxilile, noma uyaphumula. Iphethini ngalinye lama-wave litshela odokotela okuthile okuhlukile mayelana nokuthi ubuchopho bakho busebenza kanjani.
Odokotela batusa i-EEG ukuthi ihlole izimpawu nezimo ezihlukahlukene ezihlobene nobuchopho. Uvivinyo lubasiza ukuthi babone ukuthi umsebenzi kagesi wobuchopho bakho ujwayelekile yini noma ngabe zikhona yini izindlela ezingavamile ezingase zichaze izimpawu zakho.
Isizathu esivame kakhulu se-EEG ukuxilonga isithuthwane nezinye izifo zokuhlaselwa. Ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa, amaseli obuchopho adubula amasiginali kagesi ngendlela engavamile, evumelanisiwe edala amaphethini ahlukile ekuqoshweni kwe-EEG.
Nawa amanye amazwi lapho udokotela wakho angase ancome khona i-EEG:
Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela basebenzisa ama-EEG ukuqapha ukuthi imithi yokwelapha isithuthwane isebenza kahle kangakanani noma ukuthola ukuthi kuphephile yini ukuyeka imithi elwa nesithuthwane.
Inqubo ye-EEG iqondile futhi ngokuvamile ithatha imizuzu engama-20 kuya kwengama-40 ukuqedela. Uzocelwa ukuba ulale phansi noma uhlale kahle ekamelweni elizolile ngenkathi uchwepheshe elungisa ikhanda lakho futhi enamathisela ama-electrode.
Okokuqala, uchwepheshe uzokala ikhanda lakho futhi amake izindawo lapho ama-electrode azobekwa khona. Bazohlanza lezi zindawo nge-gel ethambile yokuhlikihla ukuze basuse noma yimaphi amafutha noma isikhumba esifile esingase siphazamise amasiginali kagesi.
Okulandelayo, bazosebenzisa ama-electrode amancane angaba ngu-16 kuya kwangama-25 ekhanda lakho besebenzisa unamathisela okhethekile noma i-gel. Ama-electrode axhunywe ezintanjeni ezincane eziya emshinini we-EEG. Ungase uzwe umuzwa wokudonsa kancane, kodwa inqubo ayibuhlungu.
Ngesikhathi sokuqoshwa kwangempela, uzodinga ukulala unganyakazi ngamehlo avalekile isikhathi esiningi sokuhlolwa. Uchwepheshe angase akucele ukuba wenze imisebenzi elula efana nokuvula nokuvala amehlo akho, ukuphefumula kanzulu, noma ukubuka izibani ezikhanyayo.
Ngezinye izikhathi, uma odokotela besola ukuthi unezithuthwane, bangase bazame ukubangela eyodwa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa ngokusebenzisa izibani ezikhanyayo noma ukukucela ukuba uphefumule ngokushesha. Lokhu kubasiza ukuthi babone ukuthi kwenzekani ebuchosheni bakho ngesikhathi sesigameko sesithuthwane.
Ngemva kokuqeda ukuqopha, uchwepheshe uzosusa ama-electrode futhi asule unamathisela ekhanda lakho. Ungabuyela emisebenzini yakho ejwayelekile ngemva nje kokuhlolwa.
Ukulungiselela i-EEG kulula, kodwa ukulandela imiyalelo yokulungiselela ngokucophelela kusiza ekuqinisekiseni imiphumela enembile kakhulu. Ihhovisi likadokotela wakho lizokunikeza imihlahlandlela ethile, kodwa nazi izinyathelo ezijwayelekile abantu abaningi okudingeka bazilandele.
Geza izinwele zakho ngobusuku obandulela noma ekuseni ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwakho ngeshampu ejwayelekile, kodwa ungasebenzisi noma yisiphi isimo, amafutha ezinwele, izifutho, noma imikhiqizo yokwenza izinwele. Lezi zinto zingaphazamisa ikhono lama-electrode lokuthola amasignali kagesi obuchopho bakho.
Nakhu okufanele ukwenze ngaphambi kwe-EEG yakho:
Uma udokotela wakho efuna ukuqopha umsebenzi wobuchopho ngesikhathi sokulala, angase akucele ukuthi uhlale uvukile isikhathi eside kunokujwayelekile ngobusuku obandulela. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukuthi ulale ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa.
Njalo tshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo, okuhlanganisa nemithi etholakala ngaphandle kwe-oda kanye nezithasiselo. Eminye imithi ingathinta amaphethini amaza obuchopho, futhi udokotela wakho angase alungise imithamo yakho ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.
Ukufunda i-EEG kudinga ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile, ngakho-ke udokotela wezinzwa noma omunye udokotela oqeqeshiwe uzochaza imiphumela yakho. Ukuhlolwa kudala amaphethini amaza abonisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zomsebenzi wobuchopho, ngalinye elinencazelo yalo nokubaluleka kwalo.
Amagagasi obuchopho ajwayelekile anamaphethini athile ngokuya ngokuthi uvukile, uyazumeka, noma ulele. Uma uvukile futhi uqaphile, ubuchopho bakho buveza amagagasi asheshayo, anobubanzi obuncane abizwa ngamagagasi e-beta. Uma uphumule ngamehlo avalekile, kuvela amagagasi e-alpha ahamba kancane.
Udokotela wakho ufuna izici eziningana ezibalulekile ku-EEG yakho:
Amaphethini e-EEG angajwayelekile awasho ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi unesimo esibi. Ngezinye izikhathi izinto ezinjengemithi, ukukhathala, noma nokunyakaza ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kungadala ukufundwa okungavamile.
Udokotela wakho uzoqhathanisa imiphumela yakho ye-EEG nezimpawu zakho, umlando wezokwelapha, nezinye izivivinyo ukuze enze ukuxilongwa okunembile. Bazochaza ukuthi amaphethini akho athile asho ukuthini nokuthi ngabe ngabe kudingeka yikuphi ukwelashwa.
Ukwelashwa kokungajwayeleki kwe-EEG kuncike ngokuphelele kulokho okubangela amaphethini angavamile wamagagasi obuchopho. I-EEG ngokwayo iyithuluzi lokuxilonga nje - ukwelashwa kugxila ekubhekaneni nesimo esiyisisekelo esidala ukufundwa okungajwayelekile.
Uma i-EEG yakho ikhombisa umsebenzi wokuhlaselwa, udokotela wakho cishe uzoqoka imithi elwa nokuhlaselwa. Le mithi isiza ukuzinzisa umsebenzi kagesi ebuchosheni bakho futhi ivimbele ukuthi ukuhlaselwa kwenzeke. Ukuthola imithi efanele ngokuvamile kuthatha isikhathi nokuqapha ngokucophelela.
Kwezinye izimo ezibangela izinguquko ze-EEG, ukwelashwa kuyahlukahluka kakhulu:
Ngezinye izikhathi izinguquko zendlela yokuphila zingasiza ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kobuchopho kanye namaphethini e-EEG. Ukuthola ukulala okwanele, ukuphatha ingcindezi, ukugwema utshwala nezidakamizwa, nokulandela ukudla okunempilo konke kusekela impilo yobuchopho engcono kakhulu.
Udokotela wakho uzokwenza uhlelo lokwelapha olwenzelwe ngqo isimo sakho nezimpawu zakho. Ama-EEG alandelayo avamile angase adingeke ukuqapha ukuthi ukwelashwa kwakho kusebenza kahle kangakanani.
Umphumela ojwayelekile we-EEG ukhombisa amaphethini amaza obuchopho ahlelekile, alinganayo afanele iminyaka yakho kanye nezinga lokuqwashisa kwakho. Umphumela ongcono kakhulu ngumuntu ohambisana namaphethini alindelekile kumuntu oneminyaka yakho ngesikhathi sezimo ezihlukene zokuqwashisa.
Ebuchosheni obunempilo, i-EEG kufanele ikhombise amaza abushelelezi, ajwayelekile ashintsha ngendlela ebonakalayo uma uvula futhi uvale amehlo akho, uphefumula ngokujulile, noma uphendula ekukhanyeni okukhanyayo. Zombili izinhlangothi zobuchopho bakho kufanele zikhiqize amaphethini afanayo, okukhombisa umsebenzi kagesi olinganiselayo.
Izici ezijwayelekile ze-EEG zihlanganisa:
Noma kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi i-EEG ejwayelekile ayikhiphi zonke izinkinga zobuchopho. Ezinye izimo zibonisa kuphela amaphethini angajwayelekile ngesikhathi sezigameko ezithile, njengezithuthwane, ezingase zingenzeki ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwakho.
Ngokuphambene, abanye abantu banamaphethini e-EEG angajwayelekile kancane kodwa abalokothi babe nezimpawu noma izinkinga. Udokotela wakho uzohlala ehumusha imiphumela yakho ye-EEG kanye nezimpawu zakho kanye nolunye ulwazi lomtholampilo.
Izici eziningana zingakhuphula amathuba akho okuba namaphethini e-EEG angajwayelekile. Ukuqonda lezi zici eziyingozi kusiza odokotela ukuthi banqume ukuthi ubani ongazuza ekuhlolweni kwe-EEG nokuthi yiziphi izimo okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho kuhunyushwa imiphumela.
Ubudala buyisici esibalulekile, njengoba kokubili izingane ezincane kakhulu kanye nabantu abadala asebekhulile maningi amathuba okuba nokungajwayelekile kwe-EEG. Ezinganeni, ubuchopho busathuthuka, kuyilapho kubantu abadala asebekhulile, izinguquko ezihlobene nobudala noma izinkinga zempilo eziqongelelwe zingathinta amaphethini amaza obuchopho.
Nazi izici eziyingozi eziholela ekufundweni kwe-EEG okungajwayelekile:
Ezinye izici zesikhashana zingabangela amaphethini e-EEG angajwayelekile, okuhlanganisa ukugula okukhulu, ukushoda kwamanzi emzimbeni, ushukela ophansi wegazi, noma ukucindezeleka okukhulu. Lezi zivame ukuxazululwa uma inkinga eyisisekelo ixazululwa.
Ukuba nezinto eziyingozi akusho ukuthi nakanjani uzoba ne-EEG engajwayelekile, kodwa kuyamsiza udokotela wakho ukuthi aqonde isimo sakho ngasinye futhi ahumushe imiphumela yakho ngokunembile.
I-EEG ejwayelekile ngokuvamile ingcono ngoba isikisela ukuthi umsebenzi kagesi wobuchopho bakho usebenza ngaphakathi kwemigomo elindelekile. Kodwa-ke, ukuhunyushwa kwemiphumela ye-EEG kunemininingwane eminingi kunokuthi
Uma i-EEG yakho engavamile ikhomba isithuthwane noma isifo sokuthuthumela, izinkinga ezingaba khona zingabandakanya ukulimala ngesikhathi sokuthuthumela, ubunzima bokushayela noma ukusebenza ezindaweni ezithile, kanye nesidingo sokuphathwa kwemithi yesikhathi eside ngemiphumela engaba khona.
Nazi izinkinga ezingaba khona ezihlobene nezimo ezibangela ama-EEG angavamile:
Ezimweni ezingavamile, izinkinga zingase zibe zimbi kakhulu futhi zingabandakanya ukwehla kwe-neurological okuqhubekayo, ingozi eyengeziwe yokufa okungazelelwe ezinhlotsheni ezithile zesithuthwane, noma izinkinga ezivela emithanjeni yobuchopho noma ezifweni.
Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukutholwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi ngokuhlolwa kwe-EEG kuvame ukuholela emiphumeleni engcono. Izimo eziningi ezibangela ama-EEG angavamile ziyelapheka, futhi ukwelashwa okusheshayo kungavimbela noma kunciphise izinkinga.
Udokotela wakho uzoxoxa nganoma yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ezithile esimweni sakho futhi asebenze nawe ukunciphisa izingozi ngokwelashwa okufanele nokuqapha.
Kufanele ulandele udokotela wakho njengoba kuhlelelwe ngemva kwe-EEG yakho, ngokuvamile phakathi nesonto elilodwa kuya kwamabili kuye ngezimpawu zakho nokuphuthuma kwesimo sakho. Udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza imiphumela futhi achaze ukuthi isho ukuthini esimweni sakho esithile.
Uma ube ne-EEG ukuze uhlole izimpawu eziqhubekayo, kufanele uqhubeke nokuqapha lezo zimpawu futhi ubike noma yiziphi izinguquko kudokotela wakho. Ngezinye izikhathi izimpawu zingasiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imiphumela ye-EEG iphakamisani.
Xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu ezikhathazayo:
Uma i-EEG yakho ibilokujwayelekile kodwa uqhubeka nezimpawu ezikukhathazayo, unganqikazi ukuxoxa ngalokhu nodokotela wakho. Ungase udinge ezinye izivivinyo noma olunye uhlobo lokuhlola ukuze uthole imbangela yezimpawu zakho.
Kubantu abanezimo ezaziwayo njenge-epilepsy, ukuqapha i-EEG njalo kungase kunconywe ukuze kulandelwe ukuthi ukwelashwa kusebenza kahle kangakanani nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini okudingeka kulungiswe.
Yebo, i-EEG ilungele ukuxilonga izinhlobo eziningi zokuquleka kanye ne-epilepsy. Ukuhlolwa kungathola amaphethini kagesi angajwayelekile avela ngesikhathi sokuquleka, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kungakwazi ngisho nokuthwebula umsebenzi wokuquleka ngenkathi kwenzeka.
Nokho, i-EEG inemingcele ethile yokuxilongwa kokuquleka. I-EEG ejwayelekile phakathi nokuquleka ayikhiphi i-epilepsy, njengoba abantu abaningi abanezifo zokuquleka benama-brain waves ajwayelekile lapho bengenaso isigameko. Ngezinye izikhathi ama-EEG amaningi noma izikhathi zokuqapha ezinde ziyadingeka ukuze kubanjwe umsebenzi ongajwayelekile.
Cha, i-EEG engajwayelekile ayisho ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuthi une-epilepsy. Izimo eziningi ezihlukene zingabangela amaphethini e-brain wave angajwayelekile, okuhlanganisa ukulimala ekhanda, izifo, izimila, izifo zokulala, izinkinga ze-metabolic, ngisho nemithi ethile.
Abanye abantu banamaphethini e-EEG angajwayelekile kancane kodwa abalokothi babe nokuhlaselwa noma ezinye izimpawu ze-neurological. Udokotela wakho uzocabangela imiphumela yakho ye-EEG kanye nezimpawu zakho, umlando wakho wezokwelapha, nezinye izivivinyo ukuze anqume ukuthi i-epilepsy noma esinye isimo yisona esibangela.
Yebo, imithi eminingi ingathinta amaphethini e-EEG. Imithi elwa nokuhlaselwa, ama-sedatives, ama-antidepressants, neminye imithi ingashintsha umsebenzi wamagagasi obuchopho futhi ingase imaski noma idale amaphethini angajwayelekile.
Yingakho kubalulekile ukutshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo ngaphambi kwe-EEG yakho. Ngezinye izikhathi udokotela wakho angase alungise isikhathi sokuthatha imithi noma ukulinganisa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa ukuze athole imiphumela enembile kakhulu, kodwa ungalokothi uyeke noma ushintshe imithi ngaphandle kwesiqondiso sezokwelapha.
I-EEG inembile kakhulu ekutholeni izinhlobo ezithile zokungajwayeleki kukagesi ebuchosheni, kodwa njengazo zonke izivivinyo zezokwelapha, inemingcele. Ukunemba kuncike ekutheni yisiphi isimo esihloliwe nokuthi ukuhlolwa kwenziwa kanjani futhi kuchazwa kanjani.
Ukuze kutholwe umsebenzi wokuhlaselwa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, i-EEG inembile cishe ngo-100%. Kodwa-ke, ukuxilonga i-epilepsy kubantu abangabi nakuhlaselwa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, ukunemba kuphansi ngoba amaphethini angajwayelekile kungenzeka angaveli phakathi neziqephu. Yingakho odokotela ngezinye izikhathi bencoma ukuqapha kwe-EEG isikhathi eside noma ukuphinda izivivinyo.
Yebo, ukucindezeleka nokukhathazeka kungathinta amaphethini e-EEG, nakuba ngokuvamile kungabi ngendlela emangalisayo. Ukuba novalo noma ukukhathazeka ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kungase kubangele ukungezwani kwemisipha okudala ama-artifacts ekuqopheni, noma kungase kuthinte amaphethini akho wamagagasi obuchopho kancane.
Uchwepheshe we-EEG uqeqeshwe ukubona le miphumela futhi uzokusiza ukuthi uphumule ngangokunokwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa. Bangakwazi futhi ukuhlonza nokuhlunga iningi lezinto ezingahleliwe ezibangelwa ukungezwani kwemisipha noma ukunyakaza. Uma ukukhathazeka kuthinta kakhulu ukuhlolwa kwakho, udokotela wakho angase ancome izindlela zokuphumula noma, ezimweni ezingavamile, ukuthulisa okuncane ukuze kuhlolwe futhi.