Yini i-Electrocardiogram (ECG noma i-EKG)? Injongo, Inqubo & Nemiphumela

I-electrocardiogram, evame ukubizwa nge-ECG noma i-EKG, iyisivivinyo esilula esiqopha umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo yakho. Cabanga ngayo njengokuthatha isithombe sendlela inhliziyo yakho eshaya ngayo nokuthi iyasebenza yini kahle. Lolu vivinyo olungabuhlungu lithatha imizuzu embalwa nje futhi lungadalula imininingwane ebalulekile mayelana nesigqi senhliziyo yakho, izinga, nempilo yonke.

Yini i-Electrocardiogram (ECG noma i-EKG)?

I-ECG iyisivivinyo sezokwelapha esilinganisa amasignali kagesi inhliziyo yakho ekhiqiza ngaso sonke isikhathi sokushaya kwenhliziyo. Inhliziyo yakho idala lezi zikhuthazi zikagesi ngokwemvelo ukuze ihlanganise ukumpompa kwegazi emzimbeni wakho. Lolu vivinyo luqopha lezi zimpawu ephepheni noma esikrinini sekhompyutha njengemigqa enama-wavy.

Amagama athi ECG kanye ne-EKG asho into efanayo. I-ECG ivela ku-

• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukungakhululeki
• Ukuphefumula kanzima ngesikhathi semisebenzi ejwayelekile
• Isiyezi noma ukuzizwa unovalo
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma ukuzizwa sengathi inhliziyo yakho iyagijima
• Ukuquleka noma ukuzizwa sengathi ungaquleka
• Ukukhathala okungajwayelekile okungathuthuki ngokuphumula

Ama-ECG nawo asetshenziswa njengamathuluzi okuhlola avamile ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa komzimba, ikakhulukazi uma unezici eziyingozi zesifo senhliziyo. Udokotela wakho angase ayalele elinye ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi inhliziyo yakho ingakwazi ukusingatha inqubo ngokuphepha.

Ngezinye izikhathi, odokotela basebenzisa ama-ECG ukuqapha ukuthi imithi yenhliziyo isebenza kahle kangakanani noma ukuhlola imiphumela emibi evela emithini ethile. Lokhu kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha lusebenza njengoba kuhloswe ngalo futhi likugcina uphephile.

Yini Inqubo ye-ECG?

Inqubo ye-ECG iqondile futhi ayibuhlungu nhlobo. Uzoqamba amanga ngokunethezeka etafuleni lokuhlolwa ngenkathi uchwepheshe wezempilo ebeka ama-electrode amancane esikhumbeni sakho. Yonke inqubo ngokuvamile ithatha imizuzu engaba ngu-5 kuya kwengu-10 kusukela ekuqaleni kuya ekugcineni.

Nakhu okwenzekayo ngesikhathi se-ECG yakho, isinyathelo ngesinyathelo:

1. Uzocelwa ukuthi ukhumule kusukela okhalweni uye phezulu futhi ugqoke ingubo yesibhedlela
2. Uchwepheshe uzohlanza izindawo zesikhumba sakho lapho ama-electrode azobekwa khona
3. Izithombe ezincane ezinamathelayo (ama-electrode) zinamathiselwe esifubeni sakho, ezingalweni, nasemilenzeni
4. Izintambo ezivela kuma-electrode zixhumeka emshinini we-ECG
5. Uzoqamba amanga unganyakazi futhi uphefumule ngokujwayelekile ngenkathi umshini uqopha umsebenzi wenhliziyo yakho
6. Ukuqoshwa kuvame ukuthatha imizuzwana engaba ngu-10 kuya kweminye imizuzu embalwa
7. Ama-electrode asuswa futhi ungenza ukugqoka

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa ukuhlala unganyakazi ngangokunokwenzeka futhi uphefumule ngokujwayelekile. Ukunyakaza kungaphazamisa ukuqoshwa, kodwa ungakhathazeki uma udinga ukukhwehlela noma ushintshe kancane. Uchwepheshe uzokwazisa uma kudingeka ukuthi baphinde noma iyiphi ingxenye yokuhlolwa.

Indlela Yokulungiselela i-ECG Yakho

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ama-ECG adinga ukulungiselela okuncane kakhulu ngakho. Ungadla futhi uphuze ngokujwayelekile ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, futhi akudingeki ukuthi ugweme imithi ngaphandle uma udokotela wakho ekutshela ngqo ukuthi wenze kanjalo.

Kunezinto ezimbalwa ezilula ongazenza ukuze usize ukuqinisekisa imiphumela engcono kakhulu yokuhlolwa:

• Gqoka izingubo ezikhululekile, ezikhululekile okulula ukuzisusa kusukela okhalweni kuye phezulu
• Gwema ukusebenzisa ama-lotion, amafutha, noma ama-powder esifubeni sakho nasezingalweni ngosuku lokuhlolwa
• Yazisa udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo, okuhlanganisa nemithi etholakala ngaphandle kwemvume kadokotela
• Susa ubucwebe entanyeni yakho, ezingalweni, nasezinyaweni ngaphambi kokuhlolwa
• Zama ukuhlala uzolile futhi ukhululekile, njengoba ukukhathazeka ngezinye izikhathi kungathinta ukushaya kwenhliziyo

Uma unezinwele eziningi esifubeni, uchwepheshe angase adinge ukushefa izindawo ezincane lapho ama-electrode azobekwa khona. Lokhu kusiza ama-electrode ukuthi anamathele kahle futhi athole ukufundwa okucacile. Ungakhathazeki ngale nqubo - ivamile ngokuphelele futhi iyadingeka ukuze kutholakale imiphumela enembile.

Ungawafunda kanjani imiphumela yakho ye-ECG

Imiphumela yakho ye-ECG izokhombisa amaza nemigqa eminingana emelela izingxenye ezihlukene zomsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo yakho. Ngenkathi lawa maphethini engase abukeke eyinkimbinkimbi, udokotela wakho uzokuchaza ukuthi asho ukuthini ngamagama alula nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini okudinga ukunakwa.

I-ECG ejwayelekile ngokuvamile ikhombisa iphethini ejwayelekile enama-wave athile abizwa ngokuthi P, QRS, kanye no-T. I-P wave imelela umsebenzi kagesi emakamelweni aphezulu enhliziyo yakho, i-QRS complex ikhombisa umsebenzi emakamelweni aphansi, futhi i-T wave imelela imisipha yenhliziyo ilungela ukushaya okulandelayo.

Udokotela wakho uzobheka izici eziningana ezibalulekile zemiphumela yakho ye-ECG:

• Izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo - ukuthi inhliziyo yakho ishesha kangakanani noma ihamba kancane
• Isigqi senhliziyo - ukuthi ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kuvamile noma akujwayelekile
• Amaphethini amaza - ukuma nesikhathi samaza kagesi
• Izikhawu - isikhathi esiphakathi kwezingxenye ezihlukene zokushaya kwenhliziyo ngakunye
• I-Axis - ukuqondiswa kokugeleza kukagesi ngenhliziyo yakho

Imiphumela evamile ye-ECG isho ukuthi uhlelo lukagesi lwenhliziyo yakho lusebenza kahle. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi i-ECG ejwayelekile ayikhiphi zonke izinkinga zenhliziyo, ikakhulukazi uma izimpawu ziza zihambe. Udokotela wakho angase ancome ezinye izivivinyo uma kudingeka.

Kusho ukuthini imiphumela ye-ECG engavamile?

Imiphumela ye-ECG engavamile ayisho ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuthi unesifo senhliziyo esibi. Izinto eziningi zingabangela izinguquko ku-ECG yakho, okuhlanganisa imithi, ukungalingani kwe-electrolyte, noma ngisho nesikhundla sakho ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa. Udokotela wakho uzocabangela izimpawu zakho, umlando wezokwelapha, nezinye izinto lapho echaza imiphumela yakho.

Ezinye izinto ezitholakala ngokungavamile zihlanganisa isigqi senhliziyo esingavamile, izimpawu zokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kwangaphambili, noma ubufakazi bokuthi izingxenye zenhliziyo yakho azitholi umoya-mpilo owanele. Lokhu okutholakele kusiza ukuhola udokotela wakho ezinqumweni ezifanele kakhulu zokunakekelwa kwakho.

Nawa amanye amakhondishini angase avele ku-ECG:

• I-Atrial fibrillation - izinga lenhliziyo elingavamile, elivame ukushesha
• Ukuvinjelwa kwenhliziyo - amasiginali kagesi abambezelekile phakathi kwamagumbi enhliziyo
• I-Ischemia - ukuncipha kokugeleza kwegazi ezingxenyeni zomzimba wenhliziyo
• I-Left ventricular hypertrophy - ukujiya kwegumbi elikhulu lokumpompa lenhliziyo
• Ukungalingani kwe-Electrolyte - izinguquko emaminerali egazini athinta isigqi senhliziyo

Uma i-ECG yakho ikhombisa ukungajwayelekile, udokotela wakho angase ancome ezinye izivivinyo njenge-echocardiogram, ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka, noma umsebenzi wegazi. Lezi zivivinyo zinikeza ulwazi oluningiliziwe ngesakhiwo nomsebenzi wenhliziyo yakho.

Ziyini izici eziyingozi zemiphumela ye-ECG engavamile?

Izici eziningana zingakhuphula amathuba akho okuba nemiphumela ye-ECG engavamile. Ukuqonda lezi zici eziyingozi kungakusiza kanye nodokotela wakho ukuthi nenze izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nempilo yenhliziyo yakho nezidingo zokuhlolwa kwesikhathi esizayo.

Ubudala buyinye yezici eziyingozi ezibaluleke kakhulu, njengoba uhlelo lukagesi lwenhliziyo yakho lungashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kodwa-ke, abantu abadala abaningi banama-ECG ajwayelekile ngokuphelele, ngakho-ke ubudala bodwa abunqumi imiphumela yakho.

Izimo zezokwelapha ezivame ukuthinta imiphumela ye-ECG zihlanganisa:

• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu - ungabangela izinguquko ekuqineni kwemisipha yenhliziyo
• Isifo sikashukela - singalimaza imithambo yegazi enikeza inhliziyo
• Isifo senhliziyo - okuhlanganisa ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kwangaphambilini noma isifo semithambo yenhliziyo
• Izifo ze-thyroid - zingasheshisa noma zinciphise izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo
• I-Sleep apnea - ithinta amazinga omoya-mpilo futhi ingacindezela inhliziyo
• Isifo sezinso - singabangela ukungalingani kwe-electrolyte

Izici zokuphila nazo zidlala indima emiphumeleni yakho ye-ECG. Ukubhema, ukusetshenziswa kotshwala ngokweqile, nokuntula umsebenzi womzimba konke kungathinta umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo yakho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Imithi ethile nayo ingathinta i-ECG yakho, okuhlanganisa eminye imithi yomfutho wegazi, ama-antidepressants, nama-antibiotics. Hlala utshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi kanye nezithasiselo ozithathayo.

Ingabe Zikhona Izingozi Noma Imiphumela Eceleni evela ku-ECG?

Ama-ECG ayizinqubo eziphephile kakhulu ezingenazo izingozi noma imiphumela emibi. Lolu vivinyo luqopha kuphela umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo yakho futhi aluthumeli noma yiluphi ugesi emzimbeni wakho. Ngeke uzizwe noma yiziphi izinzwa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa uqobo.

Ukuphazamiseka okuncane kuphela ongase ukuzwe ukucasuka kwesikhumba okuncane lapho ama-electrode abekwe khona. Lokhu kuvame ukuba mnene kakhulu futhi kunyamalala ngokushesha. Abanye abantu abanesikhumba esibucayi bangase baqaphele izimpawu ezincane ezibomvu ezinyamalala emahoreni ambalwa.

Uma izinwele zashuthwa ukuze kufakwe ama-electrode, ungase uzwe ukucasuka okuncane njengoba zikhula futhi. Lokhu kujwayelekile ngokuphelele futhi okwesikhashana. Ukusebenzisa i-moisturizer ethambile kungasiza uma isikhumba sakho sizwa somile noma sicasukile.

Akukho mingcele emisebenzini yakho ngemva kwe-ECG. Ungabuyela emsebenzini wakho ojwayelekile ngokushesha, okuhlanganisa ukushayela, ukusebenza, nokuzivocavoca. Ukuhlolwa ngeke kuthinte amazinga akho wamandla noma indlela ozizwa ngayo.

Kufanele Ngibone Nini Udokotela Mayelana Nemiphumela Yami ye-ECG?

Udokotela wakho ngokuvamile uzoxoxa ngemiphumela yakho ye-ECG nawe ngemva nje kokuhlolwa, kungaba ngesikhathi esifanayo sokuvakasha noma phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa. Uma imiphumela yakho ijwayelekile, ungase ungadingi ukulandelela ngaphandle kokuhlolwa kwakho okuvamile.

Nokho, kufanele uthinte udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uba nezimpawu ezintsha ngemva kwe-ECG yakho, ikakhulukazi uma ulinde imiphumela noma utshelwe ukuthi udinga ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe. Ungalindi uma uzwa ubuhlungu besifuba, ukuphefumula kanzima okukhulu, noma ukuquleka.

Izimpawu ezidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha zihlanganisa:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu besifuba noma ukucindezela
• Ukuphefumula kanzima noma ukuphefumula kanzima lapho uphumule
• Ukuquleka noma izigameko ezicishe ziquleke
• Izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo elisheshayo elinganciphi lapho uphumule
• Ubuhlungu besifuba obusabalala engalweni yakho, emhlathini, noma emhlane

Uma unemibuzo mayelana nemiphumela yakho ye-ECG noma ukuthi isho ukuthini empilweni yakho, unganqikazi ukubuza udokotela wakho. Ukuqonda imiphumela yakho kungakusiza ukuthi wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nokunakekelwa kwakho futhi kukunike ukuthula kwengqondo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-ECG

Q1: Ingabe ukuhlolwa kwe-ECG kulungile ekutholeni ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo?

Yebo, ama-ECG amathuluzi amahle kakhulu okuthola ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, kokubili okwamanje nalabo abenzeka esikhathini esidlule. Ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, iphethini yomsebenzi kagesi enhliziyweni yakho iyashintsha ngezindlela ezihlukile ezivela ngokucacile ku-ECG.

Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi i-ECG ejwayelekile ayikhiphi ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, ikakhulukazi uma unezimpawu. Ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kuthinta izindawo zenhliziyo ezingabonakali kahle ku-ECG ejwayelekile, noma izinguquko zingase zibe zimbi ekuqaleni kwenqubo.

Umbuzo 2: Ingabe i-ECG engajwayelekile ngaso sonke isikhathi isho ukuthi nginesifo senhliziyo?

Cha, i-ECG engajwayelekile ayisho ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi unesifo senhliziyo. Izinto eziningi zingabangela izinguquko ku-ECG yakho, okuhlanganisa imithi, ukungalingani kwe-electrolyte, ukukhathazeka, noma ngisho nesikhundla sakho ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa. Abanye abantu banezindlela ze-ECG ezingajwayelekile kodwa ezijwayelekile ngokuphelele kubo.

Udokotela wakho uzocabangela izimpawu zakho, umlando wakho wezokwelapha, neminye imiphumela yokuhlolwa lapho echaza i-ECG yakho. Uma kukhona okukhathazayo, ezinye izivivinyo zingasiza ukunquma ukuthi ngabe ukwelashwa kuyadingeka yini.

Umbuzo 3: Kufanele ngihlolwe i-ECG kaningi kangakanani?

Ukuvama kokuhlolwa kwe-ECG kuncike eminyakeni yakho, izici eziyingozi, nomlando wezokwelapha. Abantu abadala abaningi abanempilo abadingi ama-ECG ajwayelekile ngaphandle kokuthi banezimpawu noma izici eziyingozi zesifo senhliziyo.

Udokotela wakho angase ancome ama-ECG avamile uma unezimo ezinjengomfutho wegazi ophezulu, isifo sikashukela, noma umlando womndeni wesifo senhliziyo. Abantu abathatha imithi ethile noma labo abanezimo zenhliziyo eziqashelwayo bangase badinge ama-ECG njalo ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ukuze baqaphe isimo sabo.

Umbuzo 4: Ngingaba ne-ECG uma ngikhulelwe?

Yebo, ama-ECG aphephile ngokuphelele ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ukuhlolwa kuphela kuqopha umsebenzi kagesi futhi akukudaluli wena noma ingane yakho kunoma yimuphi umoya noma izinto eziyingozi. Ukukhulelwa ngezinye izikhathi kungabangela izinguquko ekushayeni kwenhliziyo nesigqi okujwayelekile ngokuphelele.

Udokotela wakho angase ancome i-ECG ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa uma unezimpawu ezinjengobuhlungu besifuba, ukuphefumula kanzima, noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo. Lezi zimpawu ngezinye izikhathi zingahlobana nezinguquko ezijwayelekile zokukhulelwa, kodwa i-ECG isiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi konke kusebenza kahle.

Q5: Yini umehluko phakathi kwe-ECG ne-echocardiogram?

I-ECG ilinganisa umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo yakho, kanti i-echocardiogram isebenzisa amaza omsindo ukudala izithombe zesakhiwo senhliziyo yakho nomsebenzi wayo. Cabanga nge-ECG njengokuhlola uhlelo lukagesi, kuyilapho i-echocardiogram ibheka ukuma kwenhliziyo, usayizi, nokuthi iphampa kahle kangakanani igazi.

Zombili izivivinyo zibalulekile ngezizathu ezihlukene futhi zivame ukusetshenziswa ndawonye ukuze kutholwe isithombe esiphelele sempilo yenhliziyo yakho. Udokotela wakho uzoqoka ukuthi yiziphi izivivinyo ezifanele kakhulu ngokusekelwe ezimpawini zakho kanye nomlando wakho wezokwelapha.