Yini i-External-Beam Radiation ye-Prostate Cancer? Inhloso, Inqubo & Imiphumela

I-External-beam radiation therapy iyindlela yokwelapha enembile, engahlaseli esebenzisa ama-X-ray anamandla amakhulu ukuqondisa nokubhubhisa amaseli omdlavuza we-prostate ngaphandle komzimba wakho. Cabanga ngayo njengemisebe yamandla egxilile eqondiswe ngqo ethumeni ngenkathi ivikela izicubu ezinempilo ezizungezile.

Lokhu kwelashwa kuye kwasiza izinkulungwane zamadoda ukuthi alwe ngempumelelo nomdlavuza we-prostate, futhi kuthathwa njengenye yezinketho eziphumelela kakhulu ezitholakalayo namuhla. Imisebe isebenza ngokulimaza i-DNA ngaphakathi kwamaseli omdlavuza, okuyeka ukukhula nokuhlukanisa kwawo.

Yini i-external-beam radiation therapy?

I-External-beam radiation therapy (EBRT) iletha imisebe eqondiwe ku-prostate yakho emshinini obekwe ngaphandle komzimba wakho. Imisebe ye-radiation ihlelwe ngokucophelela futhi yakhiwe ukuze ilingane ngqo usayizi nendawo yomdlavuza wakho we-prostate.

Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, uzolala etafuleni ngenkathi umshini omkhulu obizwa nge-linear accelerator uzungeza, uletha imisebe evela ezingelweni ezihlukene. Yonke inqubo ayinabuhlungu futhi ngokuvamile ithatha imizuzu engu-15-30 ngeseshini ngayinye.

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zemisebe ye-external-beam, okuhlanganisa i-intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) kanye ne-stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). Udokotela wakho we-oncologist we-radiation uzokhetha indlela engcono kakhulu ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho esithile kanye nezici zomdlavuza.

Kungani kwenziwa i-external-beam radiation therapy?

I-External-beam radiation therapy iphatha umdlavuza we-prostate ngokubhubhisa amaseli omdlavuza ngenkathi ilondoloza izicubu ezinempilo ngangokunokwenzeka. Udokotela wakho angase ancome lokhu kwelashwa uma umdlavuza wakho uqukethwe ngaphakathi kwe-prostate noma usabalale ezindaweni eziseduze kuphela.

Le nyango lisebenza kahle kakhulu kumdlavuza wendlala yesinye oseqaleni, lapho lungasebenza ngempumelelo njengokuhlinzwa. Futhi kuyindlela enhle uma ungafaneleki ukuhlinzwa ngenxa yobudala, ezinye izimo zempilo, noma okuthandayo.

Ngezinye izikhathi, i-radiation therapy isetshenziswa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa uma amaseli omdlavuza esala noma ebuya. Ingahlanganiswa futhi ne-hormone therapy ukuze kwenze ukwelashwa kuphumelele kakhulu, ikakhulukazi emdlavuzeni ononya kakhulu.

Endodeni enomdlavuza wendlala yesinye oqhubekayo, i-radiation therapy ingasiza ukulawula izimpawu futhi ithuthukise izinga lempilo ngokunciphisa izimila ezibangela ubuhlungu noma ezinye izinkinga.

Yini inqubo ye-external-beam radiation therapy?

Inqubo ye-external-beam radiation iqala ngeseshini yokuhlela enemininingwane ebizwa ngokuthi ukulingisa. Ngesikhathi salokhu kuqokwa, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokwenza uhlelo lokwelashwa oluqondene ngqo nomdlavuza wakho wendlala yesinye.

Okokuqala, uzoqala ukulala etafuleni lokwelashwa endaweni eqondile ozoba kuyo ngesikhathi seseshini ngayinye yokwelashwa. Ithimba le-radiation lizosebenzisa ama-CT scans futhi ngezinye izikhathi izithombe ze-MRI ukuthola indawo eqondile yendlala yakho yesinye nezitho eziyizungezile.

Ama-tattoo amancane, ahlala unomphela ngosayizi we-freckle azobekwa esikhumbeni sakho ukukusiza ukukubeka kahle ekwelashweni ngakunye. Ungakhathazeki - lezi zimpawu zincane futhi azibonakali kalula.

I-radiation oncologist yakho kanye ne-medical physicist bazochitha izinsuku eziningana benza uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa olwenzelwe wena. Lolu hlelo lunquma ngqo ukuthi imisebe ye-radiation izoqondiswa kuphi nokuthi uzothola malini i-radiation.

Lapho ukuhlela sekuqediwe, uzoqala ukwelashwa kwakho kwansuku zonke. Nakhu okwenzekayo ngeseshini ngayinye:

1. Uzofulathela ezingutsheni zase-hospital bese ulala etafuleni lokwelapha
2. Abelaphi ngemisebe bazokubeka ngokusetshenziswa kwamamaki e-tattoo njengeziqondiso
3. I-linear accelerator izozungeza wena, iletha imisebe evela ezingelini eziningi
4. Kuzodingeka ulale unganyakazi ngesikhathi sokulethwa kwemisebe, okuthatha imizuzu embalwa nje
5. Abelaphi bazokuqapha egumbini eliseduze ngamakhamera nezikhulumi

Amadoda amaningi athola ukwelashwa izinsuku ezinhlanu ngesonto (ngoMsombuluko kuya kuLwesihlanu) amasonto angaba ngu-7-9. Kodwa-ke, amasu amasha afana ne-SBRT angase adinge ukwelashwa okungu-4-5 emasontweni angu-1-2.

Ungalungiselela kanjani ukwelashwa kwakho ngemisebe yangaphandle?

Ukulungiselela ukwelashwa ngemisebe yangaphandle kuhilela ukulungiselela ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizokunikeza imiyalelo ethile, kodwa nazi izinyathelo ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzilandele.

Ukulungiselela kwakho isinye namathumbu, kuzodingeka ugcine imikhuba eqhubekayo ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. Udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuthi uphuze amanzi athile ngaphambi kweseshini ngayinye ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi isinye sakho sigcwele kahle, okusiza ukuvikela izitho eziseduze.

Ungase futhi udinge ukulandela imihlahlandlela yokulungiselela amathumbu, njengokuba nokunyakaza kwamathumbu noma ukusebenzisa i-enema ngaphambi kokwelashwa. Lezi zinyathelo zisiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izitho zakho zangaphakathi zisesimweni esifanayo seseshini ngayinye.

Nakekela isikhumba sakho endaweni yokwelapha ngokusebenzisa insipho ethambile, engenawo amakha kuphela futhi ugweme ama-lotion, ama-deodorant, noma ama-powder ngaphandle uma kuvunywe yithimba lakho. Ungafaki lutho esikhumbeni sakho ezinsukwini zokwelashwa kuze kube ngemva kweseshini yakho.

Qhubeka nokuthatha imithi yakho ejwayelekile ngaphandle uma udokotela wakho ekutshela ngenye indlela. Uma usebenzisa ama-blood thinners noma eminye imithi, xoxa ngesikhathi nethimba lakho lezempilo.

Ngokomzwelo, kujwayelekile ngokuphelele ukuzwa ukukhathazeka mayelana nokuqala ukwelashwa. Cabanga ngokuletha umuntu ozokusekela ekuqokweni kwakho kokuqala, futhi unganqikazi ukubuza imibuzo nganoma yini ekukhathazayo.

Ungazifunda kanjani imiphumela yakho yokwelashwa ngemisebe yangaphandle?

Imiphumela yokwelashwa ngemisebe yangaphandle ilinganiswa ngokuqokwa okulandelayo nokuhlolwa kunokufundwa ngokushesha. Impumelelo yakho izolandelelwa ezinyangeni naseminyakeni ngemivivinyo yegazi ye-PSA nokuhlolwa komzimba.

Amazinga akho e-PSA azohlolwa njalo ngemva kokwelashwa, ngokuvamile njalo emavikini ama-3-6 eminyakeni embalwa yokuqala. Ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kuvame ukubonisa ukwehla okuqhubekayo emazingeni e-PSA, nakuba leli thonsi lenzeka kancane kancane phakathi nezinyanga eziyi-18-24.

Incazelo yempumelelo yokwelashwa iyahlukahluka, kodwa ngokuvamile, i-PSA yakho kufanele ifinyelele iphuzu layo eliphansi (elibizwa ngokuthi i-nadir) kungakapheli iminyaka emibili. Amanye amadoda afinyelela emazingeni e-PSA angatholakali, kanti amanye agcina amazinga aphansi kakhulu kodwa alinganisekayo.

Udokotela wakho uzokuqapha futhi nganoma yiziphi izimpawu zokuphindeka komdlavuza ngokuhlolwa komzimba kanye nokuhlolwa kokucabanga uma kudingeka. Amazinga e-PSA akhuphukayo ngemva kokufinyelela i-nadir angase abonise ukuthi amaseli omdlavuza asindile noma abuyile.

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi imiphumela yemisebe iyaqhubeka izinyanga ngemva kokuphela kokwelashwa. Umzimba wakho udinga isikhathi sokususa amaseli omdlavuza alimele, ngakho ukuthuthuka emazingeni e-PSA kwenzeka kancane kancane.

Ungaziphatha kanjani imiphumela emibi evela ekwelashweni ngemisebe yangaphandle?

Ukuphatha imiphumela emibi evela ekwelashweni ngemisebe yangaphandle kugxila ekusekeleni inqubo yokuphulukisa yomzimba wakho ngenkathi ugcina izinga lakho lempilo. Imiphumela emibi eminingi yesikhashana futhi ilawuleka ngokunakekelwa okufanele.

Ngezimpawu zomchamo njengokuchama njalo, ukusha, noma ukuphuthuma, phuza amanzi amaningi futhi ugweme i-caffeine, utshwala, nokudla okubabayo. Udokotela wakho angase anikeze imithi yokusiza ukulawula lezi zimpawu uma ziba yinkinga.

Izimpawu zamathumbu ezifana nohudo, igesi, noma ukungakhululeki emgodini wezitho zangasese kungalawulwa ngezinguquko ekudleni. Yidla ukudla okuncane, okuvame kakhulu futhi gwema ukudla okunefayibha ephezulu ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. Ama-probiotics kanye nemithi elwa nohudo ingasiza uma kunconywe udokotela wakho.

Ukukhathala kuvamile ngesikhathi sokwelashwa ngemisebe, ngakho-ke hlela ukuphumula okwengeziwe futhi ugweme ukuzikhandla ngokweqile. Ukuzivocavoca okulula njengokuhamba kungasiza ngempela ukugcina amazinga akho amandla, kodwa lalela umzimba wakho futhi uphumule uma kudingeka.

Ushintsho lwesikhumba endaweni yokwelashwa kufanele lunakekelwe ngobumnene. Sebenzisa insipho ethambile, womise ngokuthinta esikhundleni sokuhlikihla, futhi usebenzise i-moisturizer uma kunconywe ithimba lakho. Gwema ukuchayeka elangeni endaweni elashwayo.

Ushintsho lomsebenzi wezocansi lungase luvele ngesikhathi noma ngemva kokwelashwa. Khuluma ngokukhululekile nethimba lakho lezempilo ngalezi zinto ezikhathazayo - kukhona ukwelashwa namasu angasiza ukugcina noma ukubuyisela impilo yezocansi.

Yini imiphumela engcono kakhulu yokwelashwa ngemisebe yangaphandle?

Imiphumela engcono kakhulu evela ekwelashweni ngemisebe yangaphandle yenzeka lapho umdlavuza ubanjwe kusenesikhathi futhi ukwelashwa kunikezwa ngokunembile. Amazinga empumelelo alungile kumdlavuza wendlala yesinye okhona endaweni ethile, ngamazinga okuphulukiswa afana nokususwa ngokuhlinzwa.

Ngemdlavuza wendlala yesinye ongengozi encane, ukwelashwa ngemisebe yangaphandle kuzuzisa ukulawulwa komdlavuza cishe kuma-95% amadoda eminyakeni eyi-10. Imidlava engengozi ephakathi nendawo inamazinga empumelelo angama-85-90%, kuyilapho imidlava engengozi enkulu izuza ekwelashweni okuhlanganisiwe.

Imiphumela emihle kakhulu yenzeka lapho i-PSA yakho yehlela emazingeni aphansi kakhulu futhi ihlala lapho. Amadoda afinyelela emazingeni e-PSA angaphansi kuka-0.5 ng/mL ngemva kokwelashwa anesibikezelo esingcono kakhulu sesikhathi eside.

Imiphumela yekhwalithi yempilo ngokuvamile ilungile, ngamadoda amaningi agcina umsebenzi omuhle womchamo namathumbu. Umsebenzi wezocansi ungase uthinteke, kodwa lokhu kuvame ukuthuthuka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ikakhulukazi ngokwelashwa okufanele nokusekelwa.

Amanani okuphila isikhathi eside akhuthaza kakhulu. Amadoda amaningi aphathwa ngemisebe yangaphandle ye-beam yokwelapha umdlavuza wendlala yesinye okhona endaweni ethile aphila impilo ejwayelekile ngaphandle kokuthi umdlavuza uphinde ube khona.

Ziyini izici eziyingozi zezinkinga ezivela ekwelashweni ngemisebe yangaphandle ye-beam?

Izici eziningana zingakhuphula ingozi yakho yezinkinga ezivela ekwelashweni ngemisebe yangaphandle ye-beam. Ukuqonda lezi zici eziyingozi kukusiza wena nethimba lakho lezokwelapha ukuthi nihlele indlela yokwelapha ephephe kakhulu, esebenza kahle kakhulu.

Ubudala bunendima ekutheni ukwelashwa ukubekezelela kahle kangakanani, nakuba imisebe yangaphandle ye-beam ngokuvamile ibekezelelwa kahle ngamadoda awo wonke ubudala. Amadoda amadala angase abe nokukhathala okwengeziwe futhi kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuze alulame emiphumeleni emibi.

Ukuhlinzwa kwesisu noma kwepelvic kwangaphambilini kungakhuphula ingozi yezinkinga zamathumbu ngoba izicubu ezilimele zingase zizwele kakhulu emisebeni. Udokotela wakho we-oncologist wemisebe uzohlela ngokucophelela ezindaweni zokuhlinzwa.

Izinkinga zomchamo ezikhona ngaphambilini, njengendlala yesinye ekhulisiwe noma ukugcinwa komchamo, zingase zibe zimbi ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. Udokotela wakho angase ancome ukwelapha lezi zimo ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa ngemisebe.

Izimo zamathumbu ezivuvukalayo njengesifo sikaCrohn noma i-ulcerative colitis zikhuphula ingozi yemiphumela emibi yamathumbu. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizohlola lezi zingozi ngokucophelela lapho lihlela ukwelashwa kwakho.

Isifo sikashukela singathinta ukuphola futhi sandise ingozi yezinkinga, nakuba ukwelashwa ngemisebe kusengokukhetha okuhle kakhulu kokwelapha. Ukulawulwa okuhle kukashukela ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokwelashwa kubalulekile.

Usayizi nendawo yomdlavuza wakho wendlala yesinye nakho kuthonya izingozi zezinkinga. Amathumba amakhulu noma lawo aseduze nezakhiwo ezizwelayo angase adinge ukuhlelwa kokwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi.

Ingabe kungcono ukuba nokwelashwa ngemisebe yangaphandle ye-beam noma ukuhlinzwa?

Ukukhetha phakathi kokwelashwa ngemisebe yangaphandle kanye nokuhlinzwa kuncike esimweni sakho, izici zomdlavuza, kanye nezintandokazi zakho. Zombili lezi zindlela zokwelapha zisebenza kahle kakhulu emdlavuzeni wendlala yesinye okhona endaweni eyodwa.

Ukwelashwa ngemisebe yangaphandle kunikeza izinzuzo eziningi, okuhlanganisa ukungabi nazingozi zokuhlinzwa, isikhathi esifushane sokululama, kanye nekhono lokwelapha umdlavuza osabalale ngaphandle nje kwendlala yesinye. Ungagcina imisebenzi yakho ejwayelekile ngesikhathi esiningi sokwelashwa.

Ukuhlinzwa kungase kukhethwe uma usemncane, unethemba lokuphila isikhathi eside, noma unezici ezithile zomdlavuza. Ukususwa ngokuhlinzwa kunikeza ukususwa komdlavuza ngokushesha futhi kuqeda ingozi encane yomdlavuza wesibili obangelwa imisebe emashumini eminyaka kamuva.

Ukululama kwehluka kakhulu phakathi kwezindlela ezimbili. Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kukuvumela ukuthi uqhubeke nemisebenzi eminingi ejwayelekile ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, kuyilapho ukuhlinzwa kudinga amasonto amaningana okululama kanye nemikhawulo yemisebenzi.

Imiphumela emibi yesikhathi eside iyahluka phakathi kokwelashwa. Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kungase kubangele izinguquko ezinqala emisebenzini yomchamo namathumbu, kuyilapho ukuhlinzwa kunemiphumela esheshayo ekuzinzeni kanye nomsebenzi wezocansi ongase uthuthuke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ubudala bakho, impilo yonke, isigaba somdlavuza, kanye namanani akho siqu konke kuyisici kulesi sinqumo. Amadoda amaningi akuthola kuwusizo ukuthola imibono yesibili futhi axoxe ngokujulile ngezinketho zombili nethimba labo lezempilo.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingaba khona zokwelashwa ngemisebe yangaphandle?

Ukwelashwa ngemisebe yangaphandle kungabangela kokubili izinkinga zesikhashana nezesikhathi eside, nakuba eziningi zilawuleka futhi eziningi zithuthuka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukuqonda lezi zinkinga ezingaba khona kukusiza ukuthi wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi futhi ulungiselele ukwelashwa.

Izinkinga zesikhashana ngokuvamile zenzeka ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kanye nasemavikini alandelayo ukuqeda. Le miphumela ebukhali ivame ukuba yesikhashana futhi ixazululwe ezinyangeni ezimbalwa.

Izinkinga ezivamile zesikhashana zihlanganisa:

• Ukuvama kokuchama, ukushesha, noma ukusha ngesikhathi sokuchama
• Ushintsho emathunjini njengokuhuda, igesi, noma ukungakhululeki emgodini wamathumbu
• Ukukhathala okungase kuqhubeke amasonto amaningana ngemva kokwelashwa
• Ukuvuvukala kwesikhumba noma ububomvu endaweni yokwelashwa
• Ukwanda okwesikhashana kokugeleza komchamo uma une-prostate enwetshiwe

Izinkinga zesikhathi eside azivamile kodwa zingavela ezinyangeni noma eminyakeni ngemva kokwelashwa. Lezi zinkinga ezingapheli zidinga ukuphathwa nokuqashwa okuqhubekayo.

Izinkinga ezingaba khona zesikhathi eside zihlanganisa:

• Izinkinga ezingapheli zomchamo njengokungakwazi ukuzibamba noma ubunzima bokukhipha umchamo
• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwamathumbu okuhlanganisa ukuhuda okungapheli noma ukopha emgodini wamathumbu
• Ukungasebenzi kahle ngokocansi ngenxa yokulimala kwemizwa nemithambo yegazi
• Ukuqina kwe-urethral (ukuncipha kwe-urethra) okudinga ukulungiswa ngokuhlinzwa
• Imikhuhlane yesibili endaweni yokwelashwa, nakuba lokhu kungavamile kakhulu

Izinkinga ezingavamile kodwa ezinzima zingenzeka, ikakhulukazi ngemithamo ephezulu yemisebe noma emadodeni anezimo ezikhona ngaphambili. Lokhu kungahlanganisa ukuvinjelwa kwamathumbu okukhulu, ama-fistula (ukuxhumana okungajwayelekile phakathi kwezitho), noma ukugcinwa komchamo okukhulu okudinga ukufakwa kwe-catheter.

Ingozi yezinkinga incike ezintweni ezifana nempilo yakho yonke, umthamo wemisebe kanye ne-technique esetshenziswayo, nokuthi uyalandela yini imiyalelo yokunakekelwa ngemva kokwelashwa. Izindlela zesimanje zemisebe zinciphise kakhulu amazinga ezinkinga uma kuqhathaniswa nezindlela ezindala.

Kufanele ngibone nini udokotela ngesikhathi sokwelashwa ngemisebe yangaphandle?

Kufanele uthinte ithimba lakho lezempilo ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezinzima noma ezikhathazayo ngesikhathi noma ngemva kokwelashwa ngemisebe yangaphandle. Nakuba imiphumela eminingi emibi ilindelekile futhi ingalawuleka, eminye idinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo.

Xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uba nezimpawu ezinzima zokuchama njengokungakwazi nhlobo ukuchama, ukusha okukhulu okungathuthuki ngemithi, noma igazi emchameni wakho elingaphezu kwamaconsi ambalwa.

Izimpawu ezinzima zamathumbu ezidinga ukunakwa ngokushesha zihlanganisa ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu, ukuphuma kwegazi okukhulu ngemuva, ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo, noma izimpawu zokuvaleka kwamathumbu njengokuqina okukhulu kwesisu nokuvuvukala.

Shayela ithimba lakho lezempilo uma uba nomkhuhlane ongaphezu kuka-101°F (38.3°C), ukukhathala okukhulu okukuvimbela ukuthi ungenzi imisebenzi yansuku zonke, noma yiziphi izimpawu ezibonakala ziba zimbi kunokuba ngcono.

Ushintsho esikhumbeni esidinga ukunakwa luhlanganisa ukubomvu okukhulu, ukuvela kwamabhamuza, izilonda ezivulekile, noma izimpawu zokutheleleka endaweni yokwelashwa. Ngenkathi ukucasuka kwesikhumba okuncane kujwayelekile, izinguquko ezinzima zidinga ukuhlolwa kochwepheshe.

Kufanele futhi uthinte udokotela wakho uma unenkinga yokuphatha izimpawu zakho ngemithi enikeziwe, uma ukhathazekile ngezimpawu ezintsha, noma uma uzizwa ukhungathekile yimiphumela emibi.

Ukuqokwa okuvamile kokulandela kubalulekile ekuqapheni inqubekela phambili yakho nasekutholeni noma yiziphi izinkinga zisasekuqaleni. Ungageqi lezi zikhathi zokuqokwa, noma ngabe uzizwa kahle.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana nemisebe yangaphandle yokwelapha umdlavuza wendlala yesinye

Q.1 Ingabe imisebe yangaphandle yokwelapha ilungele umdlavuza wendlala yesinye ononya?

Imisebe yangaphandle yokwelapha ingasebenza kahle kakhulu emdlavuzeni wendlala yesinye ononya, ikakhulukazi uma ihlanganiswe nokwelashwa ngamahomoni. Indlela yokwelapha ehlanganisiwe ivame ukufeza imiphumela engcono kunemisebe yodwa emdlavuzeni onengozi enkulu.

Emdlavuzeni ononya, udokotela wakho we-oncologist wemisebe angase ancome umthamo ophezulu wemisebe ohanjiswa isikhathi eside. Le ndlela isiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi zonke izimila zomdlavuza ziqediwe ngenkathi kusavikelwa izicubu ezinempilo.

Ukuphumelela kokwelashwa kuncike ezintweni ezifana nezinga lakho le-PSA, isikolo se-Gleason, nokuthi umdlavuza usabalale yini ngaphandle kwe-prostate. Amadoda amaningi anomdlavuza we-prostate ononya afinyelela ekulawuleni umdlavuza isikhathi eside ngemisebe yokwelapha ehlelwe kahle.

Q.2 Ingabe imisebe yokwelapha yangaphandle ibangela ukungasebenzi kahle kwesitho sobulili esihlala njalo?

Imisebe yokwelapha yangaphandle ingathinta ukusebenza kwesitho sobulili, kodwa izinguquko zivame ukuthuthuka kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kunokuba ngokushesha. Cishe amadoda angama-30-50% athola izinga elithile lokungasebenzi kahle kwesitho sobulili kungakapheli iminyaka emibili yokwelashwa.

Umgomo ekusebenzeni ngokocansi uncike ezintweni eziningana, okuhlanganisa iminyaka yakho, ukusebenza kwakho ngokocansi okuyisisekelo, umthamo wemisebe, nokuthi ngabe uthola ukwelashwa ngamahomoni. Amadoda amancane anomsebenzi omuhle ngaphambi kokwelashwa ngokuvamile anemiphumela engcono.

Ukwelashwa okuningi okuphumelelayo kuyatholakala ekungasebenzi kahle kwesitho sobulili okubangelwa imisebe, okuhlanganisa imithi, amadivayisi e-vacuum, nokunye ukwelashwa. Ukungenelela ngokushesha kuvame ukuhlinzeka ngemiphumela engcono kakhulu, ngakho xoxa ngalokhu nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuba izinkinga zibe zimbi.

Q.3 Ukukhathala kuhlala isikhathi esingakanani ngemuva kwemisebe yokwelapha yangaphandle?

Ukukhathala okuvela emisebeni yokwelapha yangaphandle ngokuvamile kuvamise ukufinyelela ezingeni eliphezulu emasontweni ambalwa okugcina okwelashwa futhi kungaqhubeka izinyanga ezi-2-6 ngemuva kokuqeda. Amadoda amaningi aqaphela ukuthuthuka kancane kancane emazingeni awo wamandla ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ubude nobukhulu bokukhathala kuyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Izinto ezinjengeminyaka yakho, impilo yonke, okunye ukwelashwa okukutholayo, nokuthi ukugcina kahle kangakanani umsebenzi womzimba konke kuthonya umugqa wakho wesikhathi sokululama.

Ungasiza ukuphatha ukukhathala ngokugcina ukuzivocavoca okulula, ukuthola ukulala okwanele, ukudla ukudla okunomsoco, nokuhlela imisebenzi yakho. Uma ukukhathala kuqhubeka isikhathi eside kunokulindelekile noma kuthinta kakhulu impilo yakho yansuku zonke, xoxa ngalokhu nethimba lakho lezempilo.

Q.4 Ingabe imisebe yokwelapha yangaphandle ingaphindwa uma umdlavuza ubuyela?

Ukuphindaphinda ukwelashwa ngemisebe yangaphandle endaweni efanayo ngokuvamile akukhuthazwa ngenxa yengozi yezinkinga ezinzima. Kodwa-ke, imisebe ingasetshenziswa ngezinye izikhathi ukwelapha umdlavuza osabalale kwezinye izitho zomzimba.

Uma umdlavuza wendlala yesinye ubuyela emuva ngemuva kokwelashwa ngemisebe, ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa zihlanganisa ukwelashwa ngamahomoni, i-chemotherapy, noma ukwelashwa okusha njenge-immunotherapy. Udokotela wakho we-oncologist uzoncoma indlela engcono kakhulu esekelwe esimweni sakho esithile.

Kwezinye izimo, ukwelashwa ngemisebe okugxilwe kuyo kungenzeka ezindaweni ezincane zomdlavuza obuyayo, kodwa lokhu kudinga ukuhlolwa ngokucophelela ochwepheshe abanolwazi. Isinqumo sincike ezintweni ezinjengendawo yokuphindela emuva kanye nempilo yakho yonke.

Q.5 Ngizoba ngumuntu one-radioactive ngesikhathi sokwelashwa ngemisebe yangaphandle?

Ngeke ube yi-radioactive ngesikhathi noma ngemuva kokwelashwa ngemisebe yangaphandle. Imisebe ilethwa emshinini wangaphandle futhi ayihlali emzimbeni wakho ngemuva kwalokho.

Ungaphephile ukuba seduze kwamalungu omndeni, okuhlanganisa izingane nabesifazane abakhulelwe, ngemuva nje kweseshini ngayinye yokwelashwa. Akukho mingcele ekuthintaneni ngokomzimba noma ekwabelaneni ngezinto zasendlini.

Lokhu kwehluke ekwelashweni kwemisebe yangaphakathi (i-brachytherapy), lapho imbewu ye-radioactive ibekwa ngaphakathi emzimbeni. Ngemisebe yangaphandle, uthola ukwelashwa bese usuka esikhungweni ngaphandle kwanoma yiziphi izinto ze-radioactive ezisele emzimbeni wakho.