Kuyini Ukuhlinzwa Kwengane Engakazalwa? Inhloso, Inqubo & Imiphumela

Ukuhlinzwa kwengane engakazalwa kuyinqubo yezokwelapha ekhethekile eyenziwa enganeni esakhula ngesikhathi isesibelethweni. Le ndawo emangalisayo yezokwelapha ivumela odokotela ukuthi baphathe izimo ezithile ezinzima ngaphambi kokuzalwa, banikeze izingane ithuba elingcono kakhulu lokuphila okunempilo. Cabanga ngakho njengokunikeza ingane yakho isiqalo sokwelashwa ngenkathi isakhula ngokuphepha ngaphakathi kuwe.

Kuyini ukuhlinzwa kwengane engakazalwa?

Ukuhlinzwa kwengane engakazalwa kuhilela ukuhlinza ingane engakazalwa ukuze kulungiswe ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa noma izimo ezisongela impilo ngaphambi kokubeletha. Lezi zinqubo zenzeka phakathi kwamasonto angu-18 nama-26 okukhulelwa, lapho ingane isikhule ngokwanele ukuhlinzwa kodwa isanesikhathi sokululama ngaphambi kokuzalwa.

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zokuhlinzwa kwengane engakazalwa. Indlela engahlaseli kakhulu isebenzisa amathuluzi amancane afakwa ngemigqa emincane esiswini sakho nasesibelethweni. Ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile kwengane engakazalwa kudinga ukusikeka okukhulu ukuze kufinyelelwe ingane ngokuqondile. Ukuhlinzwa nge-fetoscopic kusebenzisa ithubhu elincanyana, eliguquguqukayo elinekhamera ukuze liqondise inqubo.

Izimo ezithile kuphela ezifanele ukuhlinzwa kwengane engakazalwa. Isimo kumele sibe sibi ngokwanele ukusongela impilo yengane noma kubangele ukukhubazeka okukhulu, futhi kumele kube yinto engathuthukiswa ngempela ngokuhlinza ngaphambi kokuzalwa.

Kungani kwenziwa ukuhlinzwa kwengane engakazalwa?

Ukuhlinzwa kwengane engakazalwa kwenziwa lapho ukulinda kuze kube ngemva kokuzalwa kungabeka ingane yakho engozini enkulu noma lapho ukungenelela kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kungavimbela ukulimala unomphela. Umgomo uhlala ukunikeza ingane yakho umphumela ongcono kakhulu ngokubhekana nezinkinga ngenkathi isakhula.

Izimo ezivame kakhulu ezingadinga ukuhlinzwa kwengane engakazalwa zihlanganisa izinkinga eziningi ezinzima kodwa ezingelashwa. Nakhu okungaholela eqenjini lakho lezokwelapha ukuthi licabange le nketho:

• I-Spina bifida - ukuvuleka emgogodleni okungabangela ukukhubazeka nezinye izinkinga
• I-Congenital diaphragmatic hernia - lapho izitho zesisu zihambela emgodini wesifuba
• I-Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome - ukwabelana ngegazi okungalingani phakathi kwamawele afanayo
• Ubuthakathaka obukhulu benhliziyo obungabulala ngaphandle kokungenelela ngokushesha
• Amanzi emaphaphu noma ama-cyst avimbela ukukhula kwamaphaphu okuvamile
• Izinkinga ezinzima zezinso ezithinta amazinga olwelo lwe-amniotic
• Ezinye izimo zobuchopho njenge-hydrocephalus nokuvuvukala okukhulu

Odokotela bakho bazothelekisa ukuhlinzwa kwengane uma bekholelwa ukuthi izinzuzo zidlula kakhulu izingozi. Wonke amacala ahlolwa ngokucophelela yithimba lochwepheshe abacabangela isimo esithile somntwana wakho nempilo yakho yonke.

Yini inqubo yokuhlinzwa kwengane?

Inqubo yokuhlinzwa kwengane iyahlukahluka ngokuya ngesimo somntwana wakho kanye nohlobo lokuhlinzwa oludingekayo. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokuhambisa kuzo zonke izinyathelo futhi liqinisekise ukuthi uyaqonda okulindeleke ngosuku lokuhlinzwa.

Ngaphambi kokuthi inqubo iqale, uzothola i-anesthesia ukuze ikugcine ukhululekile kuyo yonke inqubo yokuhlinzwa. I-anesthesia iphinde iwele i-placenta ukuze igcine umntwana wakho ekhululekile ngesikhathi senqubo. Izimpawu zakho ezibalulekile kanye nezinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yomntwana wakho zizoqashwa ngokuqhubekayo.

Ngezinqubo ezingahlaseli kakhulu, odokotela bahlinza izincane esiswini sakho bese befaka amathuluzi amancane ukuze bafinyelele umntwana wakho. Udokotela ohlinzayo usebenzisa isiqondiso se-ultrasound ukuze abone kahle ukuthi angasebenza kuphi. Lezi zinqubo zivame ukuthatha amahora angu-1-3 futhi zihilela isikhathi esincane sokululama.

Ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile kwengane kudinga ukuhlinzwa okukhulu esiswini sakho nasesibelethweni ukuze ufinyelele ngqo umntwana wakho. Udokotela ohlinzayo uphakamisa ngokucophelela ingxenye yomntwana wakho edinga ukwelashwa ngenkathi egcina enye ingxenye yomntwana wakho ngokuphepha esibelethweni. Le ndlela isetshenziselwa izimo eziyinkimbinkimbi ezidinga ukufinyelela okuqondile.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, ingane yakho ihlala ixhumeke kuwe ngentambo yesisu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingane yakho iyaqhubeka nokuthola umoya-mpilo kanye nezakhamzimba ezivela kuwe ngesikhathi sonke senqubo. Ithimba labahlinzi lihlanganisa ochwepheshe emithini yabesifazane nabantwana, ukuhlinzwa kwezingane, kanye ne-anesthesia.

Ungalungiselela kanjani ukuhlinzwa kwakho kwengane?

Ukulungiselela ukuhlinzwa kwengane kuhilela izinyathelo eziningana ezibalulekile ukuqinisekisa umphumela ongcono kakhulu kuwe nakwingane yakho. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokuqondisa kule nqubo futhi liphendule noma yimiphi imibuzo onayo endleleni.

Ukulungiselela kwakho kuzoqala emasontweni ngaphambi kosuku lokuhlinzwa. Uzodinga ukuhlolwa okubanzi ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi unempilo eyanele yenqubo futhi uthole izithombe ezinemininingwane yesimo sengane yakho. Lokhu ngokuvamile kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa kwegazi, ukuqapha kwenhliziyo, kanye ne-ultrasounds ekhethekile.

Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho, kunezinto eziningana ezibalulekile okudingeka uzenze ukulungiselela umzimba wakho:

• Yeka ukudla nokuphuza okungenani amahora angu-8-12 ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa
• Thatha noma yimiphi imithi echazwe ngqo njengoba kuqondisiwe
• Lungiselela othile ukuthi akuqhubele esibhedlela futhi akuqhubele
• Pakisha izingubo ezinethezekile nezinto zomuntu siqu zokuhlala esibhedlela sakho
• Landela noma yimiphi imikhawulo yokudla ethile eqhutshwa yithimba lakho
• Gwema ukubhema, utshwala, nezidakamizwa zokuzilibazisa ngokuphelele
• Thatha amavithamini okukhulelwa njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho

Uzohlangana nethimba lakho lonke lokuhlinza ngaphambi kwenqubo. Lokhu kukunika ithuba lokubuza imibuzo futhi uqonde kahle ukuthi kwenzekani ngesikhathi nangemva kokuhlinzwa. Izikhungo eziningi zihlinzeka ngosizo lokwelulekwa ukukusiza ukuthi uqhubeke nezici ezingokomzwelo zalokhu okuhlangenwe nakho.

Ungazifunda kanjani imiphumela yakho yokuhlinzwa kwengane?

Ukuqonda imiphumela yakho yokuhlinzwa kwengane ekhulelwe kuhilela ukubheka kokubili imiphumela esheshayo kanye nentuthuko yesikhathi eside. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizochaza ukuthi ukuhlinzwa kufezile ini nokuthi yini ongayilindela njengoba ukukhulelwa kwakho kuqhubeka.

Ngemuva nje kokuhlinzwa, odokotela bakho bazohlola ukuthi inqubo ifeze yini imigomo yayo. Ngokuhlinzwa kwe-spina bifida, lokhu kusho ukuhlola ukuthi ukuvulwa emgogodleni wengane yakho kuvaliwe ngempumelelo. Ngezindlela zenhliziyo, kusho ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukugeleza kwegazi kuthuthukile. Ithimba lakho lizosebenzisa i-ultrasound nezinye izithombe ukuqinisekisa le miphumela.

Impumelelo yokuhlinzwa kwengane ekhulelwe nayo ilinganiswa ngokuthi ingane yakho iqhubeka kanjani nokukhula ngemuva kwenqubo. Odokotela bakho bazogada ukukhula kwengane yakho, ukusebenza kwezitho, kanye nempilo yonke ngokuhlolwa okuvamile. Ezinye izithuthukiso zingabonakala ngokushesha, kanti ezinye zibonakala njengoba ingane yakho iqhubeka nokukhula.

Ukwelulama kwakho kubaluleke ngokulinganayo ukuqapha. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizohlola ukuthi ukusikeka kwakho kuyelapha kahle nokuthi awutholi zinkinga. Bazoqinisekisa futhi ukuthi ukukhulelwa kwakho kuqhubeka ngokujwayelekile nokuthi awusoze ube sengozini enkulu yokubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Ungakuthuthukisa kanjani ukululama kwakho ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kwengane ekhulelwe?

Ukwelulama ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kwengane ekhulelwe kudinga ukunakwa ngokucophelela kokubili ukuphola kwakho kanye nentuthuko eqhubekayo yengane yakho. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizohlinzeka ngemihlahlandlela ethile, kodwa kunemithetho ejwayelekile esiza ekuqinisekiseni umphumela ongcono kakhulu.

Ukuphumula kubalulekile ngempela emasontweni alandela ukuhlinzwa kwengane ekhulelwe. Umzimba wakho udinga isikhathi sokuphola kule nqubo ngenkathi uqhubeka nokusekela ingane yakho ekhulayo. Abesifazane abaningi badinga ukukhawulela umsebenzi womzimba amasonto amaningana futhi bagweme ukuphakamisa noma yini esindayo ngaphezu kwamaphawundi ayi-10.

Nawa amasu abalulekile aseka ukululama okungcono kokubili wena nengane yakho:

• Thatha yonke imithi oyinikiwe ngendlela eqondile
• Hambela zonke izikhathi zokulandela ukuqapha
• Qaphela izimpawu zokutheleleka njengomkhuhlane, ukukhishwa okungavamile, noma ubuhlungu obanda ngokuqhubekayo
• Yidla ukudla okunomsoco okucebile ngamaprotheni namavithamini
• Hlala unamanzi ngokuphelele ngokuphuza amanzi amaningi
• Thola ukulala okwanele nokuphumula lapho umzimba wakho ukutshela ukuthi wenze kanjalo
• Gwema imisebenzi eqinile kuze kube yilapho uvunyelwe ngudokotela wakho
• Qapha ukunyakaza komntwana wakho bese ubika noma yikuphi ukukhathazeka

Ukwelulama kwakho ngokomzwelo kubaluleke njengokuphola kwakho ngokomzimba. Abesifazane abaningi bahlangabezana nengxube yokukhululeka, ukukhathazeka, nethemba ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kwengane esesiswini. Kuyinto ejwayelekile ngokuphelele ukuzizwa ukhungathekile noma ukhathazekile ngekusasa lomntwana wakho. Ukusekelwa ngumndeni, abangane, nabeluleki kungenza umehluko omkhulu.

Ziyini izici eziyingozi zezinkinga zokuhlinzwa kwengane esesiswini?

Izici eziningana zingakhuphula ingozi yezinkinga ngesikhathi noma ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kwengane esesiswini. Ukuqonda lezi zici eziyingozi kusiza ithimba lakho lezokwelapha ukuthi lenze izinqumo ezingcono kakhulu ngesimo sakho esithile futhi lilungiselele noma yiziphi izinselelo ezingase zivele.

Impilo yakho yonke idlala indima ebalulekile ekutheni uzokwazi kangakanani ukubhekana nokuhlinzwa kwengane esesiswini. Izimo ezinjengesifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophezulu, noma izinkinga zenhliziyo zingenza ukuhlinzwa kube nzima kakhulu. Ubudala bakho nabo buyabaluleka, njengoba abesifazane abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-35 noma ngaphansi kwengama-18 bangase babhekane nezingozi ezengeziwe ngesikhathi sanoma iyiphi inqubo yokuhlinzwa.

Izici ezihlobene nokukhulelwa ezingakhuphula izingozi zihlanganisa ukuthwala izinsana ezingaphezu kweyodwa, ukuba namanzi amaningi kakhulu noma amancane kakhulu e-amniotic, noma umlando wezinkinga zokukhulelwa. Isikhathi sokuhlinzwa ngaphakathi kokukhulelwa kwakho nakho kuthinta amazinga ezingozi, ngezindlela ezenziwa ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa ngokuvamile zithwala izingozi ezihlukile kunezindlela ezenziwa kamuva.

Ubunzima besimo somntwana wakho buyawathinta nengozi yokuhlinzwa. Ukukhubazeka okukhulu noma lezo ezithinta izinhlelo eziningi zezitho ngokuvamile zidinga izinqubo eziningi. Ukuhlinzwa kwangaphambilini noma ukulimala esiswini sakho kungenza ukuhlinzwa komntwana kube yinselelo enkulu.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingase zibe khona zokuhlinzwa komntwana?

Ngenkathi ukuhlinzwa komntwana kungasindisa impilo, kunengozi yezinkinga ezingase zibe khona ezizoxoxwa nethimba lakho lezokwelapha ngemininingwane. Ukuqonda lezi zingozi kukusiza ukuthi wenze isinqumo esinolwazi mayelana nokuthi ukuhlinzwa komntwana kulungile yini emndenini wakho.

Izinkinga zingakuthinta wena, umntwana wakho, noma bobabili. Izingozi ezisheshayo zihlobene nokuhlinzwa ngokwako, kanti ezinye izinkinga zingase zivele ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwakho noma ngemva kokuzalwa. Ithimba lakho lokuhlinza lisebenza kanzima ukunciphisa lezi zingozi ngokuhlela nokubheka ngokucophelela.

Izinkinga ezingase zibe khona kuwe njengomama zihlanganisa izingozi eziningana ezizobhekwa eduze yithimba lakho lezokwelapha:

• Ukuphuma igazi ngesikhathi noma ngemva kokuhlinzwa
• Ukutheleleka endaweni yokusika noma ngaphakathi esibelethweni
• Umsebenzi ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi
• Ukuqhekeka kwamalunga (amanzi aphuka ngaphambi kwesikhathi)
• Amahlule egazi emilenzeni yakho noma emaphashini
• Ukusabela emuthini wokubulala izinzwa
• Isidingo sokuzalwa ngesigaba
• Izinkinga ekukhulelweni okuzayo

Umntwana wakho angase futhi abhekane nezingozi ezithile ezivela ekuhlinzweni komntwana. Lokhu kungabandakanya izinguquko zesikhashana ekushayeni kwenhliziyo ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, ingozi eyengeziwe yezinkinga zokukhula, noma izinkinga ezihlobene nesimo esithile eselashwayo. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni eziningi ezidinga ukuhlinzwa komntwana, izinzuzo zokwelashwa zidlula kakhulu lezi zingozi ezingase zibe khona.

Kufanele ngibone nini udokotela mayelana nokuhlinzwa komntwana?

Kufanele uxoxe ngokuhlinzwa kwengane yakho nodokotela wakho uma ukuhlolwa okuvamile kwangaphambi kokuzalwa kuveza isimo esibucayi esingazuza ekwelashweni ngaphambi kokuzalwa. Abesifazane abaningi bafunda ngabazobandakanyeka ekuhlinzweni kwengane ngama-ultrasound anemininingwane noma okunye ukuhlolwa okukhethekile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Ingxoxo mayelana nokuhlinzwa kwengane ngokuvamile iqala lapho udokotela wakho ojwayelekile wezifo zabesifazane ethola ukukhathazeka okudinga ukuhlolwa ochwepheshe bezokwelapha abangomama-nezinsana. Lokhu kungenzeka ngesikhathi sokuskena kwakho okujwayelekile kwe-anatomy kwamasonto angu-20 noma ngokuhlolwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi uma usengozini enkulu yezimo ezithile.

Uma ukhulelwe ingane enesifo esitholakele, kufanele ufune umbono wesibili mayelana nokuhlinzwa kwengane uma unokukhathazeka mayelana nohlelo lokwelashwa. Ukuthola imibono eminingi yochwepheshe kungakusiza ukuthi uzizwe uqiniseka ngokwengeziwe ngesinqumo sakho, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuqhubeka nokuhlinzwa noma ukukhetha ukulinda kuze kube ngemva kokuzalwa.

Kufanele futhi uxhumane nochwepheshe uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezingase zibonise izinkinga ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ushintsho olukhulu emaphethini okunyakaza kwengane yakho, ubuhlungu obungavamile, noma izimpawu zokubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi konke kudinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi uma ucabangela ukuhlinzwa kwengane.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana nokuhlinzwa kwengane

Q1: Ingabe ukuhlinzwa kwengane kuphephile ekukhulelweni okuzayo?

Ukuhlinzwa kwengane kungathinta ukukhulelwa okuzayo, kodwa abesifazane abaningi baqhubeka nokuba nezingane ezinempilo ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwengane. Okukhathaza kakhulu ukuthi ukusikeka esibelethweni sakho kwenza isibazi esingase sibuthakathise leyo ndawo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa okulandelayo.

Odokotela bakho cishe bazokuncoma ukulethwa nge-cesarean ekukhulelweni okuzayo ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi yokuqhekeka kwesibeletho ngesikhathi sokubeletha. Uzodinga futhi ukuqapha okuseduze ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa okuzayo ukuze ubheke izinkinga ezingase zibe khona. Noma kunjalo, abesifazane abaningi abaye bahlinzwa ingane baphumelela ukuthwala ezinye izingane zize zithathe isikhathi esiphelele.

Umbuzo 2: Ingabe ukuhlinzwa kwengane esesiswini siqinisekisa ukuthi ingane yami izoba ngcono ngokuphelele?

Ukuhlinzwa kwengane esesiswini kungathuthukisa kakhulu imiphumela yezimo eziningi, kodwa akuqinisekisi ukuthi ingane yakho ngeke ithintwe ngokuphelele yisimo sayo sokuqala. Umgomo wokuhlinzwa kwengane esesiswini ukuvimbela izinkinga ezingathi sína kakhulu futhi unike ingane yakho ithuba elingcono kakhulu lokuphila impilo enempilo.

Isibonelo, ukuhlinzwa kwengane esesiswini se-spina bifida kunganciphisa isidingo sokwelashwa okuthile ngemva kokuzalwa futhi kungathuthukisa ukuhamba, kodwa akulungisi ngokuphelele lesi simo. Ingane yakho ingase idinge ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okuqhubekayo nokusekelwa, nakuba ngokuvamile kungabi nzima njengaphandle kokuhlinzwa.

Umbuzo 3: Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwengane esesiswini?

Isikhathi sokululama siyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lokuhlinzwa kanye nenqubo yakho yokuphola. Abesifazane abaningi bachitha izinsuku eziyi-3-7 esibhedlela ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwengane esesiswini, kulandelwe amasonto amaningana omsebenzi olinganiselwe ekhaya.

Ngokuvamile uzodinga ukugwema ukuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo nemisebenzi eqinile amasonto angu-4-6 ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Odokotela bakho bazokuqapha eduze ngalesi sikhathi ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi wena nengane yakho niyaphola kahle. Ukululama okuphelele nokubuyela emisebenzini evamile kuvame ukuthatha amasonto angu-6-8.

Umbuzo 4: Ingabe ukuhlinzwa kwengane esesiswini kungenziwa emaziwini noma ezinganeni eziningi?

Yebo, ukuhlinzwa kwengane esesiswini kungenziwa emaziwini noma ezinganeni eziningi, nakuba kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunokuhlinzwa enganeni eyodwa. I-Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome empeleni ingenye yezizathu ezivamile zokuhlinzwa kwengane esesiswini ekukhulelweni okuningi.

Ukuhlinzwa ezinganeni eziningi kudinga ubuchwepheshe obengeziwe nokuhlela ngokucophelela ngenxa yezingozi ezengeziwe. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizodinga ochwepheshe abanolwazi ekukhulelweni okuyinkimbinkimbi okuningi, futhi ukululama kungase kuthathe isikhathi eside. Nokho, imiphumela ephumelelayo kungenzeka uma yenziwa ngamaqembu anolwazi.

Umbuzo 5: Kwenzekani uma ukuhlinzwa kwengane esesiswini kungenakukwazi ukulungisa isimo sengane yami?

Uma ukuhlinzwa kwengane engakazalwa kungenakuyixazulula ngokuphelele inkinga yengane yakho, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizosebenza nawe ukuthuthukisa uhlelo olungcono kakhulu lokubeletha nokunakekela ngemva kokuzalwa. Izimo eziningi ezidinga ukuhlinzwa kwengane engakazalwa ziyazuza kulolu hlelo ngisho noma zingelashwa ngokuphelele.

Kungenzeka ukuthi ingane yakho izodinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile ngemva kokuzalwa, okuzoxhunyaniswa ithimba lakho lezokwelapha. Lokhu kungabandakanya ukuhlinzwa ngokushesha ngemva kokubeletha, ukuqhubeka nokuphathwa kwezokwelapha, noma ukwelashwa okusekelayo. Ukuhlinzwa kwengane engakazalwa kuvame ukwenza lokhu kwelashwa kuphumelele futhi kuthuthukise isimo sengqondo esiphelele somntwana wakho.