Yini i-Gastric Bypass Roux-en-Y? Inhloso, Inqubo & Nemiphumela

I-Gastric bypass Roux-en-Y wuhlobo lokuhlinzwa kokunciphisa isisindo olushintsha indlela isisu sakho namathumbu amancane abhekana ngayo nokudla. Kuthathwa njengenye yezindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo kakhulu zokukhuluphala okukhulu lapho ezinye izindlela zokunciphisa isisindo zingasebenzanga. Le nqubo idala isikhwama esincane esisukela esiswini sakho bese isixhuma ngqo emathunjini akho amancane, okukusiza ukuthi uzizwe ugcwele ngokushesha futhi uthathe ama-calories ambalwa ekudleni.

Yini i-Gastric Bypass Roux-en-Y?

I-Gastric bypass Roux-en-Y iyinqubo yokuhlinzwa eyenza isisu sakho sincane futhi iguqule uhlelo lwakho lokugaya ukudla. Udokotela ohlinzayo udala isikhwama esincane esingangosayizi weqanda esivela engxenyeni engenhla yesisu sakho, bese exhuma lesi sikhwama ngqo engxenyeni yamathumbu akho amancane.

Ingxenye ethi

Nawa amakhambi amakhulu ezempilo i-gastric bypass engasiza ukuqeda:

• Uhlobo 2 lukashukela
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu
• I-Sleep apnea
• I-cholesterol ephezulu
• Isifo senhliziyo
• Isifo sesibindi esinamafutha
• Isifo se-Gastroesophageal reflux (GERD)
• Izinkinga zamalunga kanye ne-arthritis
• Izinkinga zokungazali

Udokotela wakho uzobheka nezinto ezinjengobudala bakho, impilo yonke, nokuzibophezela ekwenzeni izinguquko zokuphila zesikhathi eside. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kudinga izinguquko zokudla zokuphila konke kanye nokulandelela okuvamile kwezokwelapha ukuze kuphumelele.

Yini Inqubo ye-Gastric Bypass Roux-en-Y?

Inqubo ye-gastric bypass ngokuvamile yenziwa kusetshenziswa ukuhlinzwa kwe-laparoscopic okuncane, okusho ukuthi udokotela ohlinzayo wenza ukusikeka okuncane kwesisu sakho kunokuba kube nokusikeka okukhulu okukodwa. Uzothola i-anesthesia ejwayelekile, ngakho-ke uzobe ulele ngokuphelele ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.

Ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukuthatha amahora angu-2 kuya kwangu-4, kuye ngesimo sakho esithile kanye nanoma yiziphi izinkinga ezingase zivele. Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uzosebenzisa ikhamera encane ebizwa nge-laparoscope ukuze aqondise inqubo ngokusebenzisa ukusikeka okuncane.

Nakhu okwenzekayo ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa isinyathelo ngesinyathelo:

1. Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo udala isikhwama esincane esivela engxenyeni engenhla yesisu sakho esebenzisa izinto zokuhlinza
2. Okunye kwesisu sakho kuyahlukaniswa kodwa kushiywe endaweni
3. Ingxenye yamathumbu akho amancane inqunywa futhi ixhunywe esikhwameni esisha sesisu
4. Ingxenye eseleyo yamathumbu akho amancane ixhunywe kabusha ukuze yakhe i-Y-shape
5. Zonke izixhumanisi zihlolwa ngokucophelela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi zivikelekile
6. Ukusikeka okuncane kuvalwa nge-glue yokuhlinza noma imithungo

Kwezinye izimo, udokotela wakho ohlinzayo angase adinge ukushintshela ekuhlinzweni okuvulekile uma kuvela izinkinga, okuzobandakanya ukwenza ukusikeka okukhulu. Lokhu kwenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile kodwa kuvumela ukufinyelela okungcono uma kudingeka ngesikhathi senqubo.

Ungalungiselela Kanjani Ukuhlinzwa Kwakho Kwe-Gastric Bypass?

Ukulungiselela ukuhlinzwa kwe-gastric bypass kuhilela ukulungiselela ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo emasontweni amaningana noma izinyanga. Ithimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lizokuqondisa ngenqubo yokuhlola ephelele ukuze liqinisekise ukuthi usukulungele ukuhlinzwa kanye nezinguquko zokuphila ezilandelayo.

Uzodinga ukuhlangana nochwepheshe abahlukahlukene ngaphambi kosuku lokuhlinzwa kwakho. Le ndlela yeqembu isiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi unomphumela ongcono kakhulu futhi uqonda okulindeleke ngesikhathi sokululama.

Nakhu okuhlanganisa inqubo yakho yokulungiselela:

• Ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha ngemivivinyo yegazi, ukuhlolwa kwenhliziyo, nokunye ukuhlolwa
• Ukwelulekwa ngokudla ukuze ufunde ngemikhuba yokudla ngemva kokuhlinzwa
• Ukuhlolwa kwengqondo ukuze kuhlolwe ukulungela kwakho izinguquko zokuphila
• Ukuhlangana nodokotela ohlinzayo wakho ukuze nixoxe ngenqubo kanye nezingozi
• Ukudla ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa ukuze unciphise isibindi sakho futhi unciphise izingozi zokuhlinzwa
• Ukuyeka imithi ethile engase ikhulise ingozi yokopha
• Ukuhlela usizo ekhaya ngesikhathi sokululama kwakho

Abantu abaningi badinga ukulandela ukudla okukhethekile okunekhalori eliphansi, amaprotheni aphezulu amasonto angu-1-2 ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kusiza ukunciphisa usayizi wesibindi sakho, okwenza ukuhlinzwa kuphephe futhi kube lula ukuthi udokotela ohlinzayo wakho akwenze.

Uzodinga futhi ukuyeka ukubhema ngokuphelele uma ubhema, njengoba ukubhema kwandisa kakhulu ingozi yakho yezinkinga ngesikhathi nangemva kokuhlinzwa. Ithimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo linganikeza izinsiza zokukusiza ukuthi uyeke uma kudingeka.

Ungawafunda Kanjani Imiphumela Yakho Ye-Gastric Bypass?

Impumelelo ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwe-gastric bypass ilinganiswa ngezindlela eziningana, futhi ithimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lizolandelela inqubekela phambili yakho njalo ngesikhathi sokuqokwa okulandelayo. Indlela ejwayelekile yokulinganisa impumelelo ukulahlekelwa isisindo, kodwa ukuthuthuka kwempilo yakho yonke kubaluleke ngokulinganayo.

Abantu abaningi balahlekelwa cishe u-60-80% wesisindo sabo eseqile phakathi nezinyanga zokuqala eziyi-12-18 ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Isisindo eseqile yisamba osisindayo ngaphezu kwalokho okubhekwa njengesisindo esinempilo ngokuya ngobude bakho.

Udokotela wakho uzoqapha izinkomba eziningana ezibalulekile ukuze ahlulele ukuthi ukuhlinzwa kwakho kusebenza kahle kangakanani:

• Ukuqhubeka kokulahlekelwa isisindo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
• Ukuthuthukiswa kwezimo zempilo ezihlobene nokukhuluphala
• Amazinga kashukela egazini nokuphathwa kwesifo sikashukela
• Ukufundwa komfutho wegazi
• I-cholesterol namazinga e-lipid
• Izimpawu ze-sleep apnea
• Ubuhlungu emalungeni nokuthuthuka kokuhamba
• Izinyathelo zekhwalithi yempilo iyonke

Ithimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lizohlola futhi noma yikuphi ukuntuleka kokudla okunomsoco ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okuvamile. Lokhu kubalulekile ngoba ukuhlinzwa kushintsha indlela umzimba wakho ogwinya ngayo amavithamini namaminerali athile.

Ungasigcina Kanjani Isisindo Sakho Ngemuva Kwe-Gastric Bypass?

Ukugcina ukulahlekelwa kwakho isisindo ngemuva kwe-gastric bypass kudinga izinguquko ezingunaphakade emikhubeni yakho yokudla nendlela yokuphila. Ukuhlinzwa kukunika ithuluzi elinamandla lokulahlekelwa isisindo, kodwa impumelelo yesikhathi eside incike ekuzibophezeleni kwakho ekulandeleni imihlahlandlela enikezwa yithimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo.

Isikhwama sakho esisha sesisu singaba nengxenye eyodwa kwezine kuya engxenyeni eyodwa yesipuni sokudla ngesikhathi esisodwa ekuqaleni. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uzodinga ukudla izingxenye ezincane kakhulu futhi uhlafune ukudla kwakho kahle ukuze ugweme ukungakhululeki.

Nansi imihlahlandlela yokudla okhiye okuzodingeka uyilandele impilo yakho yonke:

• Yidla izingxenye ezincane (ama-ounces angu-2-4) ekudleni ngakunye
• Hlafuna ukudla kahle futhi udle kancane
• Yeka ukudla uma uzizwa ugcwele
• Gwema ukuphuza uketshezi ngesikhathi sokudla
• Gxila ekudleni okunothile ngamaprotheni kuqala
• Thatha izithasiselo zamavithamini namaminerali ezinqunyiwe nsuku zonke
• Gwema ukudla okunoshukela omningi nokunamafutha amaningi
• Hlala unamanzi phakathi kokudla

Ukuzivocavoca umzimba njalo kubalulekile futhi ekugcineni ukuncipha kwakho kwesisindo. Abantu abaningi bangaqala ngokuhamba kancane kancane futhi bandise kancane izinga labo lomsebenzi njengoba belulama futhi behlisa isisindo.

Isikhathi Esingcono Kakhulu Semiphumela Ye-Gastric Bypass?

Isikhathi sokubona imiphumela yokuhlinzwa kwe-gastric bypass siyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu, kodwa abantu abaningi balandela iphethini efanayo yokulahlekelwa isisindo nokululama. Ukuqonda okukulindele kungakusiza ukuthi uzibekele imigomo engokoqobo futhi uhlale ukhuthazekile phakathi nohambo lwakho.

Kungenzeka uqaphele izinguquko ezinkulu kakhulu ezinyangeni zokuqala eziyi-6-12 ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Lesi yisikhathi lapho ukulahlekelwa kwakho isisindo kuzoshesha kakhulu, futhi ungase ubone ngcono ezimweni zempilo ezihlobene nokukhuluphala ngokushesha.

Nansi imigomo ejwayelekile ongayilindela:

• Amaviki okuqala ama-2: Ukululama kokuqala, ukudla oketshezi kuphela
• Amaviki ama-2-8: Ukwethulwa kancane kancane kokudla okuthambile
• Izinyanga ezi-2-3: Ukubuyela emisebenzini ejwayelekile, ukuqhubeka nokulahlekelwa isisindo
• Izinyanga ezi-6: Ukulahlekelwa isisindo okukhulu (40-60% wesisindo eseqile)
• Izinyanga eziyi-12-18: Ukulahlekelwa isisindo esiphezulu ngokuvamile kufezwa
• 2+ iminyaka: Gxila ekugcineni nasezintweni zempilo zesikhathi eside

Ezinye izithuthukisi zempilo zingenzeka ngokushesha kakhulu kunokulahlekelwa isisindo uqobo. Abantu abaningi abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 babona ngcono emazingeni kashukela wegazi ezinsukwini noma emasontweni ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ngisho nangaphambi kokuthi ukulahlekelwa isisindo okukhulu kwenzeke.

Yiziphi Izici Zengozi Zezinkinga Ze-Gastric Bypass?

Ngenkathi ukuhlinzwa kwe-gastric bypass kuvamile ukuthi kuphephile, izici ezithile zingandisa ingozi yakho yezinkinga ngesikhathi noma ngemva kwenqubo. Ukuqonda lezi zici eziyingozi kusiza ithimba lakho lezempilo ukuthi lithathe izinyathelo ezifanele futhi likusize ukuthi wenze isinqumo esinolwazi mayelana nokuhlinzwa.

Iminyaka kanye nesimo sempilo esiphelele kudlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni ubungozi bakho bokuhlinzwa. Abantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-65 noma labo abanezimo zempilo eziningi bangase babe nobungozi obukhulu, nakuba abadala abaningi besanemiphumela ephumelelayo.

Izici eziyingozi ezivamile ezingase zikhuphule amathuba akho okuba nezinkinga zihlanganisa:

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• Ukubhema noma umlando wokubhema osanda kwenzeka
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• Isifo senhliziyo esibi noma ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kwangaphambili
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• Izifo zokujiya kwegazi
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• I-sleep apnea ebucayi
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• Ukuhlinzwa kwesisu kwangaphambili
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• I-BMI ephezulu kakhulu (ngaphezu kwama-50)
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• Isifo sikashukela esingalawulwa kahle
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• Isifo sesibindi
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• Izinkinga zezinso
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Udkt. ohlinzayo uzohlola ngokucophelela zonke lezi zici ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwakho ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Kwezinye izimo, bangase batusa ukubhekana nezinkinga zempilo ezithile ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nokuhlinzwa ukuze kuncishiswe ubungozi bakho.

Ingabe Kungcono Ukuba Ne-Gastric Bypass Noma Ezinye Izindlela Zokuhlinzwa Zokunciphisa Isisindo?

Ukukhetha phakathi kwe-gastric bypass kanye nokunye ukuhlinzwa kokunciphisa isisindo kuncike esimweni sakho sempilo, imigomo yokunciphisa isisindo, kanye nezintandokazi zakho. Uhlobo ngalunye lokuhlinzwa lunenzuzo yalo kanye nezinto okufanele zicatshangelwe, futhi okusebenzela umuntu oyedwa kungase kungabi kuhle komunye.

I-Gastric bypass ivame ukubhekwa njenge-

Udktela wakho ohlinzayo uzokusiza uqonde ukuthi iyiphi inketho engase ibe ngcono kakhulu esimweni sakho esithile. Bazocabangela izinto ezinjenge-BMI yakho, izimo zempilo, imikhuba yokudla, nokuthi udinga ukulahlekelwa isisindo esingakanani.

Ziyini Izinkinga Ezingase Zibe Khona Zokuhlinzwa Kwegastric Bypass?

Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa okukhulu, i-gastric bypass inezingozi zokuba nezinkinga, nakuba izinkinga ezingathi sína zingavamile uma ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa odokotela abahlinzayo abanolwazi. Ukuqonda lezi zinkinga ezingaba khona kungakusiza ukuthi wenze isinqumo esinolwazi futhi wazi ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu zokuxwayisa okufanele uzibheke.

Izinkinga eziningi, uma zenzeka, zenzeka emasontweni ambalwa okuqala ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Nokho, ezinye izinkinga zingase zivele ezinyangeni noma eminyakeni emva kwalokho, yingakho ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo njalo kubaluleke kangaka.

Nazi izinkinga ezivamile okufanele uziqaphele:

• Ukuphuma igazi endaweni yokuhlinzwa
• Ukutheleleka ezindaweni zokuhlinzwa
• Amaqhubu egazi emilenzeni noma emaphashini
• Ukuvuza ezindaweni zokuxhumeka
• Ukuvinjelwa kwamathumbu
• I-Dumping syndrome (ukukhipha ngokushesha okuqukethwe esiswini)
• Ukuntula umsoco
• Amathambo e-gall avela ekulahlekelweni isisindo ngokushesha
• Ama-hernias ezindaweni zokuhlinzwa

Izinkinga ezingavamile kodwa ezingathi sína zingabandakanya izinkinga zenhliziyo, unhlangothi, noma izifo ezisongela impilo. Ingozi yonke yokufa ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwe-gastric bypass iphansi kakhulu, yenzeka ezingaphansi kuka-1% wamacala ezinxeni ezinolwazi.

Izinkinga zesikhathi eside zingabandakanya ukuntula umsoco okungapheli, ikakhulukazi i-vitamin B12, insimbi, i-calcium, nezinye izakhamzimba ezibalulekile. Yingakho ukuthatha izithasiselo ezi-odwe kanye nokuba nezivivinyo zegazi ezivamile kubalulekile empilweni.

Kufanele Ngibone Nini Udokotela Ngemva Kwe-Gastric Bypass?

Ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo njalo kubalulekile empumelelweni yesikhathi eside ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwe-gastric bypass. Ithimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lizohlela ama-aphoyintimenti avamile ukuze liqaphe inqubekela phambili yakho, kodwa kufanele futhi wazi ukuthi kufanele ufune nini ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha.

Ngokuvamile uzoba nokuqokwa okuvamile ngonyaka wokuqala ngemva kokuhlinzwa, bese kuba ukuvakashelwa minyaka yonke impilo yakho yonke. Lokhu kuqokwa kusiza ukubamba noma yiziphi izinkinga zisasekuqaleni futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlangabezana nezidingo zakho zokudla okunomsoco.

Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi lezi zimpawu zokuxwayisa:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu obungathuthuki
• Isicanucanu esiqhubekayo nokuhlanza
• Izimpawu zokutheleleka (umkhuhlane, amaqhwa, ububomvu ezindaweni zokuhlinza)
• Ubunzima bokugwinya noma ukugcina ukudla phansi
• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ubunzima bokuphefumula
• Ukuvuvukala komlenze noma ubuhlungu (kungenzeka ukuba khona kwegazi)
• Ukukhathala okungavamile noma ubuthakathaka
• Ukuzuza isisindo ngokushesha

Kufanele futhi uhlele ukuqokwa njalo nodokotela wakho wokunakekelwa okuyisisekelo ukuze uqaphele impilo yakho yonke kanye nanoma yiziphi izimo zezokwelapha eziqhubekayo. Abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi badinga imithi embalwa yezimo ezinjengesifo sikashukela nomfutho wegazi ophezulu ngemva kokulahlekelwa isisindo ngempumelelo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Gastric Bypass Roux-en-Y

Umbuzo 1: Ingabe ukuhlinzwa kwe-gastric bypass kulungile ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2?

Yebo, ukuhlinzwa kwe-gastric bypass kungasebenza ngempumelelo ekwelapheni isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Abantu abaningi babona ukuthuthuka okukhulu emazingeni abo kashukela egazini ezinsukwini noma emasontweni ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ngokuvamile ngaphambi kokuthi balahlekelwe isisindo esikhulu. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ama-60-80% abantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 bathola ukuxolelwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwe-gastric bypass.

Ukuhlinzwa kubonakala kushintsha indlela umzimba wakho oqhubula ngayo i-glucose ne-insulin, hhayi nje ngokulahlekelwa isisindo kodwa futhi nangokushintsha kwamahomoni amathumbu. Nokho, ukuthuthuka kwesifo sikashukela akuqinisekisiwe kuwo wonke umuntu, futhi abanye abantu bangase badinge imithi ngisho nangemva kokuhlinzwa.

Umbuzo 2: Ingabe i-gastric bypass ibangela ukuntuleka kokudla okunomsoco?

Ukuhlinzwa kwe-gastric bypass kungaholela ekuntulekeni kokudla okunomsoco ngoba ukuhlinzwa kushintsha indlela umzimba wakho ozuza ngayo amavithamini namaminerali athile. Ukuntuleka okuvame kakhulu kufaka phakathi uvithamini B12, insimbi, i-calcium, uvithamini D, kanye ne-folate. Yingakho ukuthatha izithasiselo eziqokiwe impilo yonke kubalulekile.

Ngezithasiselo ezifanele kanye nokubhekwa njalo ngezivivinyo zegazi, ukuntuleka okuningi kokudla okunomsoco kungavinjelwa noma kulawulwe ngempumelelo. Ithimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lizosebenza nawe ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lokwengeza oluhlangabezana nezidingo zakho ezithile.

Q3: Ngingalindela ukulahlekelwa isisindo esingakanani nge-gastric bypass?

Abantu abaningi balahlekelwa cishe ama-60-80% esisindo sabo eseqile phakathi nezinyanga eziyi-12-18 ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kwe-gastric bypass. Isibonelo, uma udinga ukulahlekelwa ngamakhilogremu ayi-100 ukuze ufinyelele isisindo esinempilo, ungalindela ukulahlekelwa ngamakhilogremu angama-60-80. Imiphumela yomuntu ngamunye iyahluka ngokuya ngezinto ezinjengesisindo sakho sokuqala, ubudala, izinga lomsebenzi, nokuthi ulandela kahle kangakanani imihlahlandlela yokudla.

Ukwelahlekelwa isisindo okusheshayo kuvame ukwenzeka ezinyangeni eziyi-6-12 zokuqala, bese kuhamba kancane kancane. Abanye abantu bangase balahlekelwe okuningi noma okuncane kunokwesilinganiso, futhi ukugcina ukulahlekelwa isisindo kudinga ukuzibophezela impilo yonke ekudleni okunempilo kanye nemikhuba yokuzivocavoca.

Q4: Ngingakhulelwa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kwe-gastric bypass?

Yebo, ungaqala ukukhulelwa okunempilo ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kwe-gastric bypass, futhi abesifazane abaningi bathola ukuthi ukulahlekelwa isisindo empeleni kuthuthukisa ukuzala kwabo. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukulinda okungenani izinyanga eziyi-12-18 ngemuva kokuhlinzwa ngaphambi kokuzama ukukhulelwa, ngoba lokhu kuvumela isisindo sakho ukuthi sizinzise futhi kunciphisa izingozi kuwe nakumntwana wakho.

Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, uzodinga ukubhekwa eduze ngodokotela wakho wezifo zabesifazane kanye nethimba lakho lokuhlinzwa kwe-bariatric ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi uthola ukudla okunomsoco okufanele. Ungase udinge izithasiselo zamavithamini ezilungisiwe kanye nokubhekwa njalo kwesimo sakho sokudla okunomsoco.

Q5: Yini i-dumping syndrome ngemuva kwe-gastric bypass?

I-Dumping syndrome yenzeka lapho ukudla kuhamba ngokushesha kakhulu kusuka esiswini sakho kuye emathunjini amancane, ngokuvamile ngemva kokudla ukudla okunoshukela omningi noma amafutha. Izimpawu zingabandakanya isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo, isiyezi, ukujuluka, nokuzizwa ubuthakathaka noma uqhaqhazela. Lokhu kuvamile ukwenzeka phakathi kwemizuzu engama-30 kuya emahoreni ama-2 ngemva kokudla.

Ngenkathi i-dumping syndrome ingaba ngaphandle kokunethezeka, abantu abaningi bayathola ukuthi iyabasiza ukugwema ukudla okungenampilo ngoba bafunda ukuhlobanisa lokhu kudla nokuzizwa begula. Lesi simo sivame ukuphathwa ngokugwema ukudla okubangela izinkinga nokudla ukudla okuncane, okuvame kakhulu.