Liyini i-Hematocrit Test? Inhloso, Amazinga, Inqubo & Imiphumela

Ukuhlolwa kwe-hematocrit kukala iphesenti lama-red blood cells egazini lakho. Cabanga ngakho njengokuhlola ukuthi ingakanani igazi lakho elakhiwa ngamaseli athwala umoya-mpilo emzimbeni wakho.

Lolu hloho lokuhlolwa kwegazi olulula lunikeza udokotela wakho ulwazi olubalulekile ngempilo yakho yonke. Lusiza ukuthola izimo ezinjenge-anemia, ukushoda kwamanzi emzimbeni, noma izifo zegazi ezingase zithinte ukuthi umzimba wakho uwuthwala kahle kangakanani umoya-mpilo ezicutshini zakho.

Liyini i-hematocrit test?

I-Hematocrit yisilinganiso sama-red blood cells uma kuqhathaniswa nenani eliphelele legazi lakho. Uma ujikeleza ithumbu legazi ku-centrifuge, ama-red blood cells ahlala phansi, futhi i-hematocrit ikala ukuthi yimaphi amaphesenti akha.

Ukuhlolwa kuvame ukukhonjiswa njengephesenti. Isibonelo, uma i-hematocrit yakho ingu-40%, kusho ukuthi u-40% wevolumu yegazi lakho iqukethe ama-red blood cells, kanti okusele okungu-60% yi-plasma nezinye izakhi zegazi.

Amazinga avamile e-hematocrit ayahluka phakathi kwamadoda nabesifazane. Amadoda ngokuvamile anamazinga aphezulu ngoba ngokwemvelo akhiqiza ama-red blood cells amaningi ngenxa yomehluko wamahomoni.

Kungani kwenziwa i-hematocrit test?

Udokotela wakho u-oda ukuhlolwa kwe-hematocrit ukuze ahlolisise izimo zempilo ezihlobene negazi. Ingenye yezivivinyo zegazi ezivamile futhi ivame ukuba yingxenye yokubalwa kwegazi okuphelele (CBC) ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okuvamile.

Ukuhlolwa kusiza ukuxilonga i-anemia, eyenzeka lapho ungenawo ama-red blood cells anempilo anele ukuthwala umoya-mpilo ngempumelelo. Kungathola futhi i-polycythemia, isimo lapho unama-red blood cells amaningi kakhulu.

Abahlinzeki bezempilo basebenzisa lolu vivinyo ukuqapha impendulo yakho ekwelashweni kwezifo zegazi. Uma uthola ukwelashwa kwe-anemia noma usebenzisa imithi ethinta ukukhiqizwa kwegazi, ukuhlolwa kwe-hematocrit okuvamile kusiza ukulandelela inqubekela phambili yakho.

Ngesinye isikhathi lolu vivinyo luveza ukoma noma ukuthatha amanzi ngokweqile. Uma womile, i-hematocrit yakho ingase ibonakale iphakeme ngamanga ngoba kune-fluid encane egazini lakho.

Yini inqubo yokuhlolwa kwe-hematocrit?

Uvivinyo lwe-hematocrit luhilela ukudonswa kwegazi okulula emthanjeni engalweni yakho. Yonke inqubo ithatha imizuzu embalwa nje futhi ibangela ukuphatheka kabi okuncane.

Uchwepheshe wezempilo uzohlanza indawo ngesibulali-magciwane bese efaka inaliti encane emthanjeni wakho. Ungase uzwe ukuchofoza okufushane noma ukushaya lapho inaliti ingena, kodwa abantu abaningi bakuthola kulula ukukubekezelela.

Igazi ligeleza liye ethubeni elincane elinamathiselwe enalitini. Lapho kuqoqwe igazi elanele, inaliti iyasuswa bese kufakwa ibhandishi endaweni.

Isampula lakho legazi lithunyelwa elabhorethri lapho licutshungulwa khona kusetshenziswa i-centrifuge. Ukunyakaza okuzungezayo kuhlukanisa izingxenye ezihlukene zegazi lakho, okuvumela ochwepheshe ukuthi balinganise iphesenti eliqondile lamaseli abomvu egazi.

Ungalungiselela kanjani ukuhlolwa kwakho kwe-hematocrit?

Uvivinyo oluningi lwe-hematocrit aludingi ukulungiswa okukhethekile ngakho. Ungadla, uphuze, futhi uthathe imithi yakho ejwayelekile njengenjwayelo ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.

Nokho, uma udokotela wakho e-oda ezinye izivivinyo zegazi kanye ne-hematocrit, ungase udinge ukuzila ukudla amahora angu-8-12 ngaphambili. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzokunikeza imiyalelo ethile uma ukuzila ukudla kudingekile.

Kuyasiza ukuhlala unamanzi kahle ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwakho, njengoba lokhu kwenza kube lula ukuthi uchwepheshe athole umthambo. Ukuphuza amanzi futhi kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imiphumela yakho ibonisa ngokunembile ukwakheka kwegazi lakho okujwayelekile.

Gqoka izingubo ezikhululekile ezinemikhono engahle isongwe kalula. Lokhu kwenza inqubo yokudonsa igazi ibe bushelelezi futhi ikhululeke kuwe.

Ungalifunda kanjani ukuhlolwa kwakho kwe-hematocrit?

Imiphumela ye-hematocrit ibikwa ngamaphesenti, futhi ububanzi obujwayelekile buxhomeke eminyakeni yakho nobulili bakho. Kubantu abadala besilisa, amazinga ajwayelekile avame ukusuka ku-41% kuya ku-50%, kanti abesifazane abadala bavame ukuba namazinga aphakathi kuka-36% no-44%.

Izingane nezinsana zinamabanga ajwayelekile ahlukene ashintshayo njengoba zikhula. Izinsana zivame ukuba namazinga aphezulu kakhulu e-hematocrit ancipha kancane kancane ngonyaka wazo wokuqala wokuphila.

Imiphumela yakho izoqhathaniswa nalawa mabanga okubhekisela kuwo, kodwa khumbula ukuthi

Izinga elingcono kakhulu le-hematocrit lakho liwela ngaphakathi kwebanga elijwayelekile leminyaka yakho nobulili bakho. Akukho nombolo eyodwa "ephelele" esebenza kuwo wonke umuntu, njengoba izici zomuntu ngamunye zingathonya ukuthi yini ekahle empilweni yakho.

Kubantu abadala abaningi, amazinga e-hematocrit phakathi nebanga elijwayelekile abonisa impilo enhle. Amazinga aphansi kakhulu angaholela ekukhathaleni nobuthakathaka, kuyilapho amazinga aphezulu kakhulu engandisa ingozi yakho yama-clot egazi.

Izinga lakho eliphelele le-hematocrit futhi lincike endleleni yakho yokuphila nezimo zempilo. Abasubathi bangase babe namazinga aphezulu kancane ngenxa yokuzivumelanisa komzimba wabo nezidingo ezengeziwe zomoya-mpilo.

Abantu abahlala ezindaweni eziphakeme bavame ukuba namazinga aphezulu e-hematocrit ngoba imizimba yabo ikhiqiza amaseli amaningi abomvu egazi ukuze kubuyiselwe amazinga aphansi omoya-mpilo emoyeni.

Yiziphi izici eziyingozi ze-hematocrit ephansi?

Izici eziningana zingandisa ingozi yakho yokuthuthukisa amazinga aphansi e-hematocrit. Ukuqonda lezi zici eziyingozi kungakusiza kanye nodokotela wakho ukuthi nibone izimbangela ezingaba khona futhi nithathe izinyathelo zokuvimbela.

Ukuntuleka kokudla okunomsoco kumelela ezinye zezici eziyingozi ezivamile. Ukuntuleka kwensimbi kubaluleke kakhulu ngoba insimbi ibalulekile ekukhiqizweni kwamaseli abomvu egazi. Abesifazane abaneminyaka yokuzala babhekana nengozi enkulu ngenxa yokulahlekelwa igazi lokuya esikhathini.

Nazi izici eziyingozi eziyinhloko ezingaholela ku-hematocrit ephansi:

• Izikhathi ezinzima zokuya esikhathini noma ukulahlekelwa igazi njalo
• Ukudla okungenamsoco kwensimbi, uvithamini B12, noma i-folate
• Isifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona esithinta ukukhiqizwa kwamaseli abomvu egazi
• Izimo zokuvuvukala njenge-rheumatoid arthritis
• Imithi ethile ethinta ukukhiqizwa kwamaseli egazi
• Ukukhulelwa, okwandisa ivolumu yegazi nezidingo zensimbi
• Izimo ze-gastrointestinal eziphazamisa ukumuncwa kwezakhamzimba
• Umkhuhlane noma ukwelashwa komdlavuza njenge-chemotherapy
• Izifo zomnkantsha wamathambo ezithinta ukukhiqizwa kwamaseli egazi

Ezinye izimo ezingavamile zingahle zibe nomthelela ekwehleni kwe-hematocrit. Lokhu kuhlanganisa izifo zofuzo ezithinta ukukhiqizwa kwe-hemoglobin, izimo ze-autoimmune ezibhubhisa amaseli abomvu egazi, kanye nezifo ezithile ezicindezela ukusebenza komnkantsha wamathambo.

Ziyini izici eziyingozi ze-hematocrit ephezulu?

Amazinga aphezulu e-hematocrit angase aveliswe ngenxa yezinto ezihlukahlukene, ezinye zazo ezingezesikhashana kanti ezinye zimele izimo zempilo eziqhubekayo. Ukuhlonza lezi zici eziyingozi kusiza udokotela wakho ukuthi anqume indlela engcono yokwelapha.

Ukomiswa amanzi emzimbeni kungenye yezimbangela ezivame kakhulu ze-hematocrit ekhuphukile okwesikhashana. Uma ulahlekelwa uketshezi ngokujuluka, ukuhlanza, noma isifo sohudo, igazi lakho liyagxilwa kakhulu, okwenza i-hematocrit ibonakale iphezulu.

Izici eziningi zingakhuphula ingozi yakho yokuthuthukisa amazinga aphezulu e-hematocrit:

• Ukuphila ezindaweni eziphakeme lapho amazinga omoya-mpilo ephansi khona
• Ukubhema, okunciphisa ukulethwa komoya-mpilo ezicutshini
• Izifo ezingapheli zamaphaphu eziphazamisa ukumuncwa komoya-mpilo
• Izimo zenhliziyo ezithinta ukujikeleza kwegazi
• I-Sleep apnea ebangela ukuswelwa komoya-mpilo ngezikhathi ezithile
• Imithi ethile efana ne-testosterone therapy
• I-Polycythemia vera, isifo somnkantsha wamathambo
• Ukomiswa amanzi emzimbeni okukhulu ngenxa yanoma yisiphi isizathu
• Amathumba ezinso akhiqiza i-erythropoietin eningi

Izimo ezingavamile ezingabangela i-hematocrit ephezulu zihlanganisa izinguquko zofuzo ezithinta ukuzwa komoya-mpilo, amathumba athile obuchopho, kanye nokukhubazeka kwenhliziyo okuthile okuzuzwe ngofuzo. Lezi zimo azivamile kodwa zidinga ukwelashwa okukhethekile uma zikhona.

Kungcono yini ukuba ne-hematocrit ephezulu noma ephansi?

Akukho okungcono, i-hematocrit ephezulu noma ephansi – umgomo ukugcina amazinga ngaphakathi kwebanga elijwayelekile leminyaka yakho nobulili. Zombili lezi zinto ezedlulele zingabangela izinkinga zempilo futhi zibonise izimo eziyisisekelo ezidinga ukunakwa.

I-hematocrit ephansi isho ukuthi igazi lakho alikwazi ukuthwala umoya-mpilo ngendlela efanele. Lokhu kuholela ekukhathaleni, ubuthakathaka, nokuphelelwa umoya ngoba izicubu zakho azitholi umoya-mpilo owanele ukuze zisebenze kahle.

I-hematocrit ephezulu yenza igazi lakho libe mnyinyana futhi libe maningi amathuba okuthi lakhe amahlule. Lokhu kwandisa ingozi yakho yezinkinga ezingathi sína njengohlangothi, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, noma amahlule egazini emilenzeni yakho noma emaphashini.

Isimo esifanele ukuba namazinga e-hematocrit avumela igazi lakho ukuthi lithwale umoya-mpilo ngempumelelo ngenkathi ligeleza kahle ngemithambo yakho yegazi. Lokhu kulinganisela kusekela ukusebenza okuhle kwamalungu kanye nempilo yonke.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingase zibe khona ze-hematocrit ephansi?

I-hematocrit ephansi ingaholela ezinkingeni eziningana uma ingelashwa. Ukuncipha kwamandla okuthwala umoya-mpilo egazini lakho kuthinta ukuthi amalungu akho asebenza kahle kangakanani, okungenzeka kubangele zombili izimpawu ezisheshayo nezinkinga zempilo zesikhathi eside.

Izinkinga ezivame kakhulu zivela ekungakwazi komzimba wakho ukuletha umoya-mpilo owanele ezicutshini. Inhliziyo yakho ingase isebenze kanzima ukuze ipompe igazi, okungenzeka kuholele ezinkingeni zenhliziyo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Nazi izinkinga eziyinhloko ezihambisana ne-hematocrit ephansi:

• Ukukhathala okukhulu nobuthakathaka obuphazamisa imisebenzi yansuku zonke
• Ukuphuma umoya, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okungajwayelekile njengoba inhliziyo yakho isebenza kanzima
• Ubunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo nezinkinga zenkumbulo
• Ukwanda kwengozi yokutheleleka ngenxa yesistimu yokuzivikela emzimbeni ebuthakathaka
• I-syndrome yomlenze ongakhathali nokuphazamiseka kokulala
• Ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo uma isimo sibi futhi siqhubeka
• Ukuphulukiswa kwamanxeba okubambezelekile nokululama ekuguleni
• Izinkinga ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kokubili umama nomntwana

Izinkinga ezingavamile kodwa ezinzima zingabandakanya ukukhula kwenhliziyo ngenxa yokusebenza kanzima njalo ukuphusha igazi, futhi ezimweni ezinzima, ukulimala kwezitho ngenxa yokuntuleka komoya-mpilo isikhathi eside. Izingane ezinama-hematocrit aphansi kakhulu zingase zibe nokubambezeleka kokukhula.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingaba khona ze-hematocrit ephezulu?

I-hematocrit ephezulu idala igazi eliqinile, elinamathelayo elingagelezi kalula emithanjeni yakho yegazi. Lokhu kwanda kokujiya kwandisa kakhulu ingozi yakho yokuthuthukisa amahlule egazi ayingozi emzimbeni wakho wonke.

Izinkinga ze-hematocrit ephezulu zivame ukusongela impilo ngokushesha kunezalezo ze-hematocrit ephansi. Ingozi yezigameko zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi iyanda kakhulu lapho amazinga e-hematocrit ehlala ephakeme.

Izinkinga eziyinhloko ongase uhlangabezane nazo nge-hematocrit ephezulu zihlanganisa:

• Amahule egazi emilenzeni yakho (i-deep vein thrombosis)
• I-pulmonary embolism lapho amahlule ehamba emaphashini akho
• Isifo sohlangothi ngenxa yama-clots avimba ukuhamba kwegazi ebuchosheni bakho
• Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo okuvela kuma-clots emithanjeni ye-coronary
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu ngenxa yokwanda kokuminyana kwegazi
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu nesiyezi ngenxa yokujikeleza okungahambi kahle
• Izinkinga zombono ngenxa yezinguquko zemithambo yegazi emehlweni akho
• Izifo zokuphuma igazi naphezu kwegazi eliqinile
• I-Gout evela ekwandeni kokuhlakazeka kwamaseli abomvu egazi

Izinkinga ezingavamile kodwa ezinzima zihlanganisa izinkinga zezinso ezivela ekuhambeni kwegazi okungahambi kahle, ukukhula kwesibindi, futhi ezimweni ezingavamile, ukuguquka kube yi-leukemia kubantu abanezifo ezithile zegazi. Abanye abantu bangase futhi bazwe ukuluma, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokugeza ngamanzi afudumele noma ukushawa.

Kufanele ngibone nini udokotela ukuze ngihlolwe i-hematocrit?

Kufanele ubone udokotela uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu eziqhubekayo ezingase zibonise amazinga e-hematocrit angavamile. Abantu abaningi abaqapheli ukuthi banenkinga kuze kube yilapho izimpawu ziqala ukubonakala ezimpilweni zabo zansuku zonke.

Uma i-hematocrit yakho iphansi, qaphela ukukhathala okuqhubekayo okungathuthuki ngokuphumula, ukuphefumula okungavamile ngesikhathi semisebenzi ejwayelekile, noma isikhumba esiphaphathekayo nemibhede yezipikili. Lezi zimpawu zidinga ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha ngisho noma zibonakala zithambile.

Izimpawu ezisikisela ukuthi udinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha zihlanganisa:

• Ukukhathala okukhulu okuphazamisa umsebenzi noma imisebenzi yansuku zonke
• Ukuphefumula kanzima ngesikhathi semisebenzi ejwayelekile
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma ubuhlungu besifuba
• Ukuphaphatheka okungavamile kwesikhumba, izindebe, noma imibhede yezipikili
• Ikhanda elivame ukuba khona noma isiyezi
• Izandla nezinyawo ezibandayo naphezu kwamazinga okushisa afudumele
• Ubunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo noma izinkinga zenkumbulo
• Izikhathi zokuya esikhathini ezinzima noma ukuphuma kwegazi okungavamile
• Ubuhlungu bemlenze obuqhubekayo noma ukuvuvukala

Funana nosizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezinzima njengobuhlungu besifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ikhanda elibuhlungu elingazelelwe, noma izimpawu zesitroko. Lokhu kungase kubonise izinkinga ezingathi sína ezidinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana nokuhlolwa kwe-hematocrit

Q.1 Ingabe ukuhlolwa kwe-hematocrit kulungile ekutholeni i-anemia?

Yebo, ukuhlolwa kwe-hematocrit kulungile ekutholeni i-anemia futhi kuvame ukuba yisivivinyo sokuqala odokotela abasisebenzisayo uma besola lesi simo. I-Anemia yenzeka lapho ungenayo amaseli abomvu egazi anempilo eyanele, futhi i-hematocrit ilinganisa ngokuqondile iphesenti lamaseli abomvu egazi egazini lakho.

Uvivinyo lungathola i-anemia ngisho nangaphambi kokuthi uqaphele izimpawu. Kodwa-ke, isebenza kahle uma ihlanganiswe nezinye izivivinyo njengamazinga e-hemoglobin kanye nokubalwa kwamaseli abomvu egazi ukuze kunikeze isithombe esiphelele sempilo yakho yegazi.

Q.2 Ingabe i-hematocrit ephansi ibangela ukukhathala?

I-hematocrit ephansi ivame ukubangela ukukhathala ngoba igazi lakho alikwazi ukuthwala umoya-mpilo ngempumelelo ezicutshini zakho. Lapho izitho zakho nomzimba wakho bengatholi umoya-mpilo owanele, abakwazi ukusebenza kahle, okuholela ekukhathaleni okuqhubekayo nobuthakathaka.

Ukukhathala lokhu kuvame ukuzwakala kuhluke ekukhathaleni okuvamile - akuthuthuki ngokuphumula futhi kungase kube kubi ngokwenza umsebenzi. Abantu abaningi bakuchaza njengokuzizwa bekhathele ngisho nangemva kokulala ubusuku bonke.

Q.3 Ingabe ukushoda kwamanzi emzimbeni kungawathinta imiphumela ye-hematocrit?

Yebo, ukushoda kwamanzi emzimbeni kungayithinta kakhulu imiphumela yakho ye-hematocrit ngokuyenza ibonakale iphakeme ngamanga. Uma ushoda ngamanzi emzimbeni, unamanzi amancane egazini lakho, okugxilisa amaseli abomvu egazi futhi kwandise iphesenti le-hematocrit.

Yingakho kubalulekile ukuhlala unamanzi ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwegazi. Uma ushoda ngamanzi emzimbeni ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuphinda ukuhlolwa ngemva kokuthi ube nokuthatha okwanele ukuthola imiphumela enembile.

Q.4 Ngingahlolelwa kaningi kangakanani i-hematocrit yami?

Ukuvama kokuhlolwa kwe-hematocrit kuncike esimweni sakho sempilo kanye nezinto eziyingozi. Abantu abadala abaningi abanempilo bayahlolelwa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa komzimba kwaminyaka yonke njengengxenye yomsebenzi wegazi ojwayelekile.

Uma unezimo ezinjenge-anemia, isifo sezinso, noma uthatha imithi ethinta ukukhiqizwa kwegazi, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuhlolwa njalo emva kwezinyanga ezi-3-6. Abantu abathola ukwelashwa kwezifo zegazi bangase badinge ukuqashwa kaningi.

Q.5 Ingabe ukuzivocavoca kungawathinta amazinga e-hematocrit?

Ukuzivocavoca njalo kungawathinta amazinga akho e-hematocrit ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Abagijimi ababekezelayo bavame ukuba namazinga aphezulu e-hematocrit ngoba imizimba yabo ivumelana nezidingo ezengeziwe zomoya-mpilo ngokukhiqiza amaseli abomvu egazi engeziwe.

Nokho, ukuzivocavoca okukhulu ngokushesha ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kungase kuthinte imiphumela okwesikhashana ngenxa yokushintsha kwamanzi emzimbeni wakho. Kungcono ukugwema ukuzivocavoca okunamandla amahora angu-24 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwegazi lakho ukuze uthole imiphumela enembile kakhulu.