Yini i-HIDA Scan? Inhloso, Inqubo & Nemiphumela

I-HIDA scan iwukuhlolwa okukhethekile kokuthwebula okusiza odokotela ukubona ukuthi isibindi sakho nezindima zenyongo zisebenza kahle kangakanani. Cabanga ngayo njengemovi enemininingwane yesistimu yakho yokugaya ukudla esenzweni, ikakhulukazi igxile endleleni i-bile ehamba ngayo isuka esibindini sakho idlule esibindini sakho iye emathunjini akho amancane.

Lolu vivinyo lusebenzisa inani elincane lezinto ezinomsakazo eziphephile ngokuphelele futhi zikhishwa emzimbeni wakho ngokwemvelo. Ukuskena kuthatha izithombe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukuze kubonise udokotela wakho ngqo ukuthi kwenzekani ngaphakathi, kubasiza ukuthi bathole izinkinga ezingase zibangele izimpawu zakho.

Yini i-HIDA scan?

I-HIDA scan, ebizwa nangokuthi i-hepatobiliary scintigraphy, iwukuhlolwa komuthi we-nuclear okulandela ukuhamba kwe-bile esibindini sakho, isibindi, kanye nezindima ze-bile. Igama livela ku-tracer enomsakazo esetshenziswayo ebizwa nge-hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, uchwepheshe ufaka inani elincane le-tracer enomsakazo emthanjeni wakho wengalo. Le tracer ihamba ngegazi lakho iye esibindini sakho, lapho ixubana khona ne-bile. Ikhamera ekhethekile bese ithatha izithombe njengoba i-tracer ihamba ngezindima zakho ze-bile kanye nesibindi, ibonisa ukuthi lezi zitho zisebenza kahle kangakanani.

Ukuskena akubuhlungu nhlobo futhi kuvame ukuthatha phakathi kwehora elilodwa namahora amane ukuze kuqedwe. Uzoqamba amanga etafuleni ngenkathi ikhamera izungeza wena, kodwa ngeke uzizwe imisebe noma i-tracer idlula emzimbeni wakho.

Kungani kwenziwa i-HIDA scan?

Udokotela wakho u-oda i-HIDA scan uma unezimpawu ezisikisela izinkinga ngesibindi sakho noma izindima ze-bile. Lolu vivinyo lusiza ukukhomba ngqo ukuthi yini ebangela ukungakhululeki kwakho futhi luqondise izinqumo zokwelapha.

Isizathu esivame kakhulu salolu hlobo lokuskena ukuhlola izifo ze-gallbladder, ikakhulukazi uma ezinye izivivinyo ezinjenge-ultrasound zingazange zinikeze izimpendulo ezicacile. Udokotela wakho angase asole i-cholecystitis, okuyisifo sokuvuvukala kwe-gallbladder, noma izinkinga ngendlela i-gallbladder yakho ekhontraktha futhi ekhishwa ngayo.

Nazi izimo eziyinhloko i-HIDA scan engasiza ukuzixilonga:

• I-cholecystitis ebukhali (ukuvuvukala kwe-gallbladder okungazelelwe)
• I-cholecystitis engapheli (ukuvuvukala kwe-gallbladder kwesikhathi eside)
• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-gallbladder noma ukungakwazi kahle ukukhipha i-gallbladder
• Ukuvinjelwa noma ukuvaleka kwe-bile duct
• Ukuvuza kwe-bile ngemva kokuhlinzwa
• I-Biliary dyskinesia (i-gallbladder ayikhontrakthi kahle)

Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela basebenzisa ama-HIDA scans ukuhlola izimo ezingavamile njenge-sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, lapho imisipha elawula ukugeleza kwe-bile ingasebenzi kahle. Lolu vivinyo lungasiza futhi ekuhloleni izinkinga ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwe-gallbladder noma isibindi.

Yini inqubo ye-HIDA scan?

Inqubo ye-HIDA scan iqondile futhi yenzeka emnyangweni wezokwelapha we-nuclear esibhedlela. Uzosebenza nochwepheshe abaqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile abazokuqondisa kuzo zonke izinyathelo futhi baphendule noma yimiphi imibuzo onayo.

Okokuqala, uzoshintsha ufake ingubo yesibhedlela bese ulala etafuleni elinempahla. Uchwepheshe uzofaka umugqa omncane we-IV engalweni yakho, ozizwa njengokucindezela okusheshayo. Ngalolu IV, bazokujova i-radioactive tracer, ethatha imizuzwana embalwa nje.

Nakhu okwenzekayo ngesikhathi sokuskena:

1. Uzolala unganyakazi etafuleni ngenkathi ikhamera enkulu izungeza wena
2. Ikhamera ithatha izithombe njalo ngemizuzu embalwa ngehora lokuqala
3. Uma i-gallbladder yakho igcwaliswa yi-tracer, ungase uthole umuthi obizwa nge-CCK ukuze uyenze ikhontrakthe
4. Izithombe ezengeziwe zithathwa ukuze kubonwe ukuthi i-gallbladder yakho ikhipha kahle kangakanani
5. Inqubo yonke ngokuvamile ithatha amahora angu-1-4 kuye ngokuthi umzimba wakho usabela kanjani

Ngesikhathi sokuskena, ungaphefumula ngokujwayelekile futhi ukhulume buthule, kodwa kuzodingeka uhlale unyakazi. Ikhamera ayikuthinti futhi yenza umsindo omncane. Abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi lolu vivinyo luphumuzayo, yize ukulala unyakazi isikhathi eside kungaba nzima.

Uma i-gallbladder yakho ingagcwali nge-tracer phakathi nehora lokuqala, udokotela wakho angase akunikeze i-morphine ukusiza ukugxilisa i-tracer. Lokhu kunganweba isikhathi sokuhlolwa kodwa kunikeze imiphumela enembile kakhulu.

Ungalungiselela kanjani ukuskena kwakho kwe-HIDA?

Ukulungiselela okufanele kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuskena kwakho kwe-HIDA kunikeza imiphumela enembile kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka. Ihhovisi likadokotela wakho lizohlinzeka ngemiyalelo ethile, kodwa nazi izidingo ezivamile okuzodingeka uzilandele.

Isinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu sokulungiselela ukuzila ukudla okungenani amahora amane ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwakho. Lokhu kusho ukuthi akukho ukudla, iziphuzo (ngaphandle kwamanzi), ushingamu, noma uswidi. Ukuzila ukudla kusiza i-gallbladder yakho ukuthi igxilise i-bile, okwenza kube lula ukuyibona ngesikhathi sokuskena.

Ngaphambi kokuqokwa kwakho, yazisa ithimba lakho lezokwelapha ngale mininingwane ebalulekile:

• Yonke imithi oyithathayo, okuhlanganisa nemithi etholakala ngaphandle kwemvume kadokotela
• Noma yikuphi ukungezwani komzimba onakho
• Uma ukhulelwe noma uncelisa
• Ukugula kwamuva noma ezinye izivivinyo zezokwelapha
• Ukusabela kwangaphambilini ezintweni eziphikisanayo noma imithi

Kufanele uqhubeke nokuthatha imithi yakho ejwayelekile ngaphandle kokuthi udokotela wakho akucele ngokuqondile ukuthi uyeke. Kodwa-ke, eminye imithi ingathinta imiphumela yokuhlolwa, ngakho-ke udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuthi uyeke okwesikhashana imithi ethile efana nemithi ebuhlungu ye-narcotic.

Gqoka izingubo ezikhululekile, ezikhululekile ezingenama-zipper ensimbi noma izinkinobho eduze kwesisu sakho. Cishe uzoshintshela engubeni yesibhedlela, kodwa izingubo ezikhululekile zenza ukuzizwela kujabulise kakhulu.

Ungazifunda kanjani imiphumela yakho yokuskena kwe-HIDA?

Imiphumela yakho ye-HIDA scan ikhombisa ukuthi i-bile igeleza kahle kangakanani esibindini sakho, esikhwameni sebile, kanye nemisele ye-bile. Uchwepheshe womuthi we-nuclear obizwa nge-radiologist uzohlaziya izithombe zakho bese ethumela umbiko onemininingwane kudokotela wakho.

Imiphumela ejwayelekile ikhombisa i-tracer ihamba kahle isuka esibindini sakho ingena esikhwameni sakho sebile phakathi kwemizuzu engama-30-60. Isikhwama sakho sebile kufanele sigcwale ngokuphelele bese sichitheka okungenani ngama-35-40% wokuqukethwe kwaso uma sikhuthazwa ngemithi ye-CCK.

Nakhu okushiwo yimiphumela ehlukene:

• I-scan ejwayelekile: I-Tracer igcwalisa isikhwama sebile bese sichitheka kahle, okukhombisa ukusebenza okunempilo
• Akukho ukugcwaliswa kwesikhwama sebile: Kukhombisa i-cholecystitis ebukhali noma ukuvuvukala kwesikhwama sebile
• Ukugcwaliswa okubambezelekile: Kungase kubonise i-cholecystitis engapheli noma ukuvinjelwa okuyingxenye
• Ukuchitheka okungahambi kahle: Kungasho ukungasebenzi kahle kwesikhwama sebile noma i-biliary dyskinesia
• I-Tracer ayifinyeleli emathunjini: Kukhombisa ukuvinjelwa komsele we-bile

I-ejection fraction yakho yisilinganiso esibalulekile esikhombisa ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwe-bile isikhwama sakho sebile esisichithayo. I-ejection fraction ejwayelekile ivamise ukuba ngama-35% noma ngaphezulu, nakuba amanye amalabhorethri esebenzisa ama-40% njengendawo yawo yokunqamula.

Uma i-ejection fraction yakho ingaphansi kokujwayelekile, kungase kubonise isifo sesikhwama sebile esisebenzayo ngisho noma ezinye izivivinyo zibonakala zijwayelekile. Nokho, udokotela wakho uzocabangela zonke izimpawu zakho nemiphumela yokuhlolwa ndawonye ngaphambi kokwenza izincomo zokwelashwa.

Ziyini izici eziyingozi zemiphumela engajwayelekile ye-HIDA scan?

Izici eziningana zingakhuphula amathuba akho okuba ne-HIDA scan engajwayelekile, nakuba abantu abaningi abanalezi zici eziyingozi bengalokothi babe nezinkinga zesikhwama sebile. Ukuqonda lezi zici kukusiza wena nodokotela wakho ukuthi nenze izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nempilo yakho.

Ubudala nobulili badlala indima enkulu ezifweni ze-gallbladder. Abesifazane bathambekele ekuthuthukiseni izinkinga ze-gallbladder, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma lapho bethatha i-hormone replacement therapy. Ingozi iyanda ngokukhula kweminyaka, ikakhulukazi ngemva kweminyaka engama-40.

Lezi zinto zokuphila nezempilo zingakhuphula ingozi yakho:

• Ukuncipha kwesisindo ngokushesha noma ukudla okuyoyo
• Ukudla okunamafutha amaningi, okunefayibha eliphansi
• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile noma ukuba nesisindo esikhulu kakhulu
• Isifo sikashukela noma ukumelana ne-insulin
• Umlando womndeni wesifo se-gallbladder
• Imithi ethile efana namaphilisi okulawula inzalo
• Isifo samathumbu esivuvukalayo
• Ukuhlinzwa kwesisu kwangaphambilini

Abanye abantu bathuthukisa izinkinga ze-gallbladder ngaphandle kwanoma yiziphi izici eziqaphelekayo eziyingozi. I-Genetics idlala indima, futhi amaqembu athile obuhlanga, okuhlanganisa amaMelika aseNative naseMexico, anamazinga aphezulu esifo se-gallbladder.

Ukukhulelwa kuyinto ekhethekile okufanele icatshangelwe ngoba izinguquko ze-hormonal zingathinta ukusebenza kwe-gallbladder. Uma ukhulelwe futhi udinga i-HIDA scan, udokotela wakho uzokala ngokucophelela izinzuzo ngokumelene nanoma yiziphi izingozi ezingaba khona.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingaba khona zemiphumela ye-HIDA scan engavamile?

Ngenkathi i-HIDA scan engavamile ngokwayo ingabangeli izinkinga, izinkinga ezingaphansi kwe-gallbladder eziveza zingaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu zempilo uma zingelashwa. Ukuqonda lezi zinkinga ezingaba khona kukusiza ukuthi uqonde ukuthi kungani ukunakekelwa okulandelayo kubaluleke kangaka.

I-cholecystitis ebukhali, eboniswa yi-gallbladder engagcwali nge-tracer, ingaqhubekela ezinkingeni eziyingozi. Udonga lwe-gallbladder lungavuvukala kakhulu, lutheleleke, noma luqhekeke, ludinga ukuhlinzwa okuphuthumayo.

Nazi izinkinga eziyinhloko ezingavela esifweni se-gallbladder esingelashwanga:

• Ukuqhumuka kwenyongo: Udonga lwenyongo luqhekeka, luchithela ibhayili enegciwane esiswini sakho
• I-Gangrene: Izicubu zenyongo ziyafa ngenxa yokuntuleka kwegazi
• Ukwakheka kwe-Abscess: Amaphakethe okutheleleka avela ngaphandle kwenyongo
• Amathambo emisele yebhayili: Amathambo asuka enyongweni futhi avimbe imisele yebhayili
• I-Pancreatitis: Ukuvuvukala kwamanyikwe okubangelwa imisele yebhayili evaliwe
• I-Cholangitis: Ukutheleleka okukhulu kwemisele yebhayili

Isifo senyongo esisebenzayo, lapho inyongo ingakhishi kahle, singabangela ubuhlungu obungapheli nezinkinga zokugaya ukudla. Nakuba kungesona esisongela ukuphila ngokushesha, singathinta kakhulu izinga lempilo yakho futhi kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa ekugcineni.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi iningi lezinkinga zenyongo lingelashwa ngempumelelo uma zitholakele ngokushesha. Udokotela wakho uzosebenza nawe ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lokwelapha olubhekana nesimo sakho esithile futhi luvimbele izinkinga.

Kufanele ngibone nini udokotela ngezimpawu zenyongo?

Kufanele uthinte udokotela wakho uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezingase zibonise izinkinga zenyongo, ikakhulukazi uma ziqhubeka noma ziba zimbi. Ukuhlolwa kwasekuqaleni kungavimbela izinkinga futhi kukusize uzizwe ungcono ngokushesha.

Uphawu oluvamile kakhulu lwenyongo ubuhlungu esiswini sakho esiphezulu ngakwesokudla, ngokuvamile obizwa ngokuthi i-biliary colic. Lolu buhlungu ngokuvamile luqala ngokuzumayo, lihlala imizuzu engama-30 emahoreni amaningana, futhi lungase luvele emhlane wakho noma ehlombe lakho langakwesokudla.

Nazi izimpawu ezidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu obungathuthuki ngokushintsha isikhundla
• Ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo nokuhlanza, ikakhulukazi ngobuhlungu besisu
• Umkhuhlane kanye nobuhlungu besisu
• Ukuphuzi kwesikhumba noma amehlo (i-jaundice)
• Indle enombala wobumba noma umchamo omnyama
• Ukungagayeki kokudla okuqhubekayo noma ukuqunjelwa ngemva kokudla ukudla okunamafutha
• Ubuhlungu obukuvusa ebuthongweni

Funana nosizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uba nobuhlungu obukhulu besisu obuhambisana nomkhuhlane, ama-chills, noma ukuhlanza. Lezi zimpawu zingase zibonise i-cholecystitis ebukhali noma ezinye izinkinga ezingathi sína ezidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Ungazishayi indiva izimpawu ezilula eziphindaphindayo. Ukungagayeki kokudla okuvame ukwenzeka, ukuqunjelwa, noma ukungakhululeki ngemva kokudla ukudla okunamafutha kungase kubonise isifo se-gallbladder esisebenzayo esingazuza ekungeneni ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana nokuskena kwe-HIDA

Q1: Ingabe ukuskena kwe-HIDA kuphephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?

Ukuskena kwe-HIDA ngokuvamile kuyagwenywa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngaphandle uma kudingeka ngempela ngoba kuhilela izinto ezinomsakazo. Inani lemisebe lincane, kodwa odokotela bakhetha ukusebenzisa ezinye izindlela eziphephile njenge-ultrasound uma kungenzeka.

Uma ukhulelwe futhi udokotela wakho encoma ukuskena kwe-HIDA, kusho ukuthi izinzuzo cishe zidlula izingozi. Bazosebenzisa umthamo omncane kakhulu we-radioactive tracer futhi bathathe izinyathelo ezikhethekile zokukuvikela wena nomntwana wakho.

Q2: Ingabe i-ejection fraction ephansi ngaso sonke isikhathi isho ukuthi ngidinga ukuhlinzwa?

Akudingeki. I-ejection fraction ephansi ngaphansi kuka-35-40% iphakamisa ukuthi i-gallbladder yakho ayikhiphi kahle, kodwa ukuhlinzwa kuncike ezimpawini zakho nasempilweni yakho yonke. Abanye abantu abane-ejection fractions ephansi abanazo izimpawu futhi abadingi ukwelashwa.

Udokotela wakho uzocabangela amaphethini akho obuhlungu, ukuthi izimpawu zithinta kanjani impilo yakho yansuku zonke, neminye imiphumela yokuhlolwa ngaphambi kokuncoma ukuhlinzwa. Abantu abaningi abanesifo se-gallbladder esisebenzayo benza kahle ngokushintsha ukudla nemithi.

Q3: Ingabe imithi ingawathinta imiphumela yami yokuskena kwe-HIDA?

Yebo, imithi eminingi ingathinta imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-HIDA. Imithi yokwelapha ubuhlungu ye-Narcotic ingabangela imiphumela engamanga ngokuvimbela i-gallbladder ukuthi igcwalise kahle. Ezinye izibulala-magciwane neminye imithi nayo ingathinta ukugeleza kwe-bile.

Njalo tshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo, okuhlanganisa nemithi etholakala ngaphandle kwe-oda kanye nezithasiselo. Bangase bakucele ukuthi uyeke okwesikhashana imithi ethile ngaphambi kokuhlolwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe imiphumela enembile.

Q4: Ingabe i-tracer enomsakazo ihlala isikhathi esingakanani emzimbeni wami?

I-tracer enomsakazo esetshenziswa ekuhlolweni kwe-HIDA inempilo emfushane futhi iphuma emzimbeni wakho ngokwemvelo phakathi kwamahora angama-24-48. Okuningi kwayo kuqedwa nge-bile yakho emathunjini akho bese kuba ekuhambeni kwamathumbu akho.

Akudingeki uthathe izinyathelo ezikhethekile ngemva kokuhlolwa, kodwa ukuphuza amanzi amaningi kungasiza ukukhipha i-tracer ngokushesha. Inani lokuchayeka emisebeni lifana nalelo ongayithola ku-X-ray yesifuba.

Q5: Kwenzekani uma i-gallbladder yami ingaveli ekuhlolweni?

Uma i-gallbladder yakho ingagcwaliswa yi-tracer ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, ngokuvamile kubonisa i-cholecystitis eyingozi noma ukuvuvukala okukhulu kwe-gallbladder. Lokhu kuthathwa njengomphumela omuhle wesifo se-gallbladder esibukhali.

Udokotela wakho angase akunikeze i-morphine ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa ukuze asize ukugxilisa i-tracer futhi athole isithombe esicacile. Uma i-gallbladder yakho ingagcwalisi, cishe uzodinga ukwelashwa okusheshayo kwezokwelapha, okuvame ukuhlanganisa izibulala-magciwane futhi mhlawumbe nokuhlinzwa.