Kuyini Ukushintshwa Kwezinqe? Inhloso, Inqubo & Ukululama

Ukushintshwa kwezinqe kuyinqubo yokuhlinzwa lapho ilunga lakho lezinqe elilimele lithathelwa izitho zokwenziwa ezenziwe ngensimbi, i-ceramic, noma ipulasitiki. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kunganciphisa kakhulu ubuhlungu futhi kubuyisele ukuhamba lapho ilunga lakho lezinqe lilimala kakhulu yi-arthritis, ukulimala, noma ezinye izimo.

Cabanga ngelunga lakho lezinqe njengebhola nesokhethi evumela ukunyakaza okubushelelezi. Lapho leli lungu ligugile noma lilimele, isinyathelo ngasinye singaba buhlungu futhi kube nzima. Ukushintshwa kwezinqe kukunika ilunga elisha, elisebenzayo elingahlala amashumi eminyaka ngokunakekelwa okufanele.

Kuyini Ukushintshwa Kwezinqe?

Ukuhlinzwa kokushintshwa kwezinqe kuhilela ukususa izingxenye ezilimele zelunga lakho lezinqe futhi uzithathele izithako zokwenziwa ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-prosthetics. “Ibhola” phezulu kwethambo lakho lethanga kanye “nesokhethi” e-pelvis yakho zombili zithola izindawo ezintsha ezisebenza kahle ndawonye.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuhlinzwa kokushintshwa kwezinqe ongahlangana nazo. Ukushintshwa okuphelele kwezinqe kusho ukuthi kokubili ibhola nesokhethi kuyashintshwa, kuyilapho ukushintshwa okuyingxenye yezinqe kuthatha indawo yengxenye yebhola yelunga kuphela.

Izingxenye zelunga lokwenziwa zenzelwe ukulingisa ukunyakaza kwezinqe zakho zemvelo futhi zingenziwa ngezinto ezihlukahlukene. Udokotela ohlinzayo uzokhetha inhlanganisela engcono kakhulu ngokusekelwe eminyakeni yakho, izinga lomsebenzi, kanye nekhwalithi yamathambo.

Kungani Kwenzelwa Ukushintshwa Kwezinqe?

Ukushintshwa kwezinqe kuba ngesidingo lapho ukulimala okukhulu kwamalunga kubangela ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo obuphazamisa imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke. Isizathu esivame kakhulu yi-osteoarthritis, lapho i-cartilage ekhushini ilunga lakho igugile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okubangela ukuxhumana kwamathambo ngamathambo.

Udokotela wakho angase ancome lokhu kuhlinzwa lapho ukwelashwa okuvamile njengemithi, ukwelashwa ngokomzimba, noma imijovo kungasanikezi ukukhululeka okwanele. Umgomo uwukuqeda ubuhlungu futhi ubuyisele ikhono lakho lokuhamba, ukukhuphuka izitebhisi, nokujabulela imisebenzi oyithandayo.

Izimo eziningana zingaholela ekudingeni ukushintshwa kwezinqulu, futhi ukuqonda lezi kungakusiza ukuthi ubone ukuthi kungaba nini isikhathi sokucabangela le nketho:

• I-Osteoarthritis - imbangela evame kakhulu, lapho i-cartilage yamalunga igugile kancane kancane
• I-Rheumatoid arthritis - isimo se-autoimmune esibangela ukuvuvukala kwamalunga nokulimala
• Ukuqhekeka kwezinqulu - ikakhulukazi kubantu abadala lapho ithambo lingelaphi kahle
• I-Avascular necrosis - lapho ukuhlinzekwa kwegazi ethambo lezinqulu kuphazamiseka, kubangela ukufa kwamathambo
• Izifo ze-hip zezingane - izimo ezinjenge-developmental dysplasia ezibangela izinkinga zamalunga zesikhathi eside
• Amathumba amathambo - amacala angavamile lapho umdlavuza uthinta indawo yamalunga ezinqulu

Lezi zimo zingenza ukuhamba, ukulala, nemisebenzi elula yansuku zonke ibe yinselele enkulu. Ukushintshwa kwezinqulu kunikeza ithemba lokubuyela endleleni yokuphila enethezekile, esebenzayo.

Yini Inqubo Yokushintshwa Kwezinqulu?

Ukuhlinzwa kokushintshwa kwezinqulu kuvame ukuthatha amahora angu-1-2 futhi kwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile noma i-anesthesia yomgogodla. Udokotela ohlinzayo uzokwenza ukusikeka eceleni noma ngemuva kwezinqulu zakho ukuze afinyelele elungwini, bese ekhipha ngokucophelela ithambo elilimele ne-cartilage.

Inqubo yokuhlinzwa ilandela izinyathelo eziningana eziqondile eziye zenziwa ithimba lakho lezokwelapha izikhathi eziningi ngaphambili. Nakhu okwenzekayo ngesikhathi senqubo yakho:

1. Uzothola i-anesthesia ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi uzizwa ukhululekile ngokuphelele ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa
2. Udokotela ohlinzayo wakho wenza ukusikeka okuhlelwe ngokucophelela ukuze afinyelele elungwini lakho lezinqulu
3. Ibhola elilimele phezulu kwethambo lakho lethanga liyasuswa futhi lithathelwe indawo ngebhola lensimbi noma le-ceramic
4. Isokhethi elilimele e-pelvis yakho liyahlanzwa futhi lifakwe isokhethi elisha elenziwe
5. Izingxenye ezintsha zivikelekile endaweni, kungaba nge-bone cement noma zenzelwe ukuvumela ukukhula kwamathambo
6. Udokotela ohlinzayo wakho uhlola ukunyakaza nokuzinza kwelunga elisha ngaphambi kokuvala ukusikeka

Izindlela zokuhlinza zanamuhla zenze ukushintshwa kwezinqulu kuphephe futhi kuphumelele kunangaphambili. Izinqubo eziningi manje zisebenzisa izindlela ezingahlaseli kakhulu eziholela ekusikeni okuncane nezikhathi zokululama ezisheshayo.

Ungalungiselela Kanjani Ukushintshwa Kwezinqulu Zakho?

Ukulungiselela ukuhlinzwa kokushintshwa kwezinqulu kuhilela izinyathelo zomzimba nezisebenzayo ezingathinta kakhulu impumelelo yakho yokululama. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizokuqondisa ngale nqubo, kodwa ukuqala kusenesikhathi kukunikeza imiphumela engcono kakhulu.

Ukulungiselela umzimba kuvame ukuqala emasontweni ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa futhi kugxile ekuqiniseni umzimba wakho ngenqubo nokululama okuzayo. Udokotela wakho angase ancome ukunciphisa isisindo uma kudingeka, njengoba lokhu kunciphisa ukucindezeleka emthanjeni wakho omusha futhi kunciphisa izingozi zokuhlinzwa.

Nawa amasu abalulekile okulungiselela azosiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi ukuhlinzwa kwakho kuhamba kahle:

• Qedela zonke izivivinyo zezokwelapha zangaphambi kokuhlinzwa kanye nokuhlanza udokotela wakho ayala
• Yeka ukubhema uma ubhema, njengoba lokhu kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukuphola futhi kunciphisa izinkinga
• Lungiselela usizo ekhaya ngesikhathi sokululama kwakho kokuqala
• Lungisa ikhaya lakho ngokususa izingozi zokukhubeka nokufaka imishini yokuphepha
• Zijwayeze ukusebenzisa amadivayisi okusiza njengama-crutches noma ama-walkers ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa
• Gcina ukudla okuthengwayo futhi ulungise ukudla ongakushisa kalula
• Landela imiyalelo yodokotela wakho mayelana nemithi yokuyeka noma yokuqhubeka

Ukuthatha lezi zinyathelo zokulungiselela ngokungathí sina kungenza umehluko wangempela ekutheni ukuhlinzwa kwakho nokululama kwakho kuqhubeka kanjani kahle. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lifuna ukukubona uphumelela, futhi ukulungiselela okufanele kukubeka ngemiphumela engcono kakhulu.

Ungawafunda Kanjani Imiphumela Yokushintshwa Kwezinqulu Zakho?

Impumelelo yokushintshwa kwezinqulu ilinganiswa ngokuqeda ubuhlungu, ukuthuthukiswa kokuhamba, kanye nekhono lakho lokubuyela emisebenzini yansuku zonke. Abantu abaningi bathola ukuncipha okukhulu kobuhlungu emasontweni ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, nakuba ukululama okuphelele kuthatha izinyanga eziningana.

Udkt wenu ohlinzayo uzolandela intuthuko yakho ngokuqokwa okulandelayo kanye nezifundo zokucabanga njenge-X-rays. Lokhu kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ilunga lakho elisha libekwe kahle futhi lihlanganisa kahle nethambo lakho.

Izinkomba eziningana zibonisa ukuthi ukushintshwa kwakho kwe-hip kusebenza kahle kangakanani:

• Ukuncipha okukhulu kobuhlungu be-hip, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuhamba nokunyakaza
• Ukuthuthukiswa kokunyakaza kanye nekhono lokwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke
• Ukuphucuka kwekhwalithi yokulala ngenxa yokuncipha kobuhlungu basebusuku
• I-X-rays ekhombisa ukubekwa okufanele kwe-implant kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwamathambo
• Ukukhula kwebanga lokuhamba nokukhuthazela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
• Ukubuyela emisebenzini yokuzilibazisa obuyijabulela ngaphambi kwezinkinga ze-hip

Khumbula ukuthi wonke umuntu uyaphola ngejubane lakhe, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthuthuka okuqhubekayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ithimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lizokusiza ukuthi uqonde okulindelekile futhi ugubhe intuthuko yakho endleleni.

Ungayigcina Kanjani Ukushintshwa Kwe-Hip Yakho?

Ukugcina ukushintshwa kwakho kwe-hip kuhilela ukulandela imihlahlandlela ethile ukuvikela ilunga lakho elisha futhi uqinisekise ukuthi lihlala isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka. Ukushintshwa kwe-hip yesimanje kungahlala iminyaka engama-20-30 noma ngaphezulu ngokunakekelwa okufanele.

Ukwenza umsebenzi womzimba njalo kubalulekile ekugcineni amandla emisipha nokuguquguquka kwamalunga ngaphandle kwe-hip yakho entsha. Kodwa-ke, uzodinga ukukhetha imisebenzi engabeki ingcindezi enkulu elungeni lokwenziwa.

Nawa amasu abalulekile okugcina ukushintshwa kwakho kwe-hip kunempilo futhi kusebenza:

• Hambela kuzo zonke izikhathi zokulandela udokotela ohlinzayo ukuze aqaphe
• Hlanganyela ekwelashweni ngokomzimba njengoba kunconywe ukuqinisa imisipha esekelayo
• Khetha imisebenzi enomthelela ophansi njengokubhukuda, ukuhamba, noma ukugibela ibhayisikili
• Gwema ezemidlalo ezinomthelela ophezulu njengokugijima, ukugxuma, noma ezemidlalo zokuxhumana
• Gcina isisindo esinempilo ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka emthanjeni wakho omusha
• Thatha ama-antibiotics ngaphambi kwezinqubo zamazinyo ukuvimbela ukutheleleka
• Qaphela izimpawu zokutheleleka noma ukuxega bese uzibika ngokushesha

Ukulandela lezi ziqondiso kusiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi ukufakelwa kwakho okusha kwe-hip kuqhubeka nokuhlinzeka ngokuqeda ubuhlungu nokuhamba iminyaka eminingi. Ukuzibophezela kwakho ekunakekelweni okufanele kuqondile ukuthi umthambo wakho omusha uzokusebenzela isikhathi esingakanani.

Ziyini Izici Zengozi Yezinkinga Zokufakelwa Kwe-Hip?

Ngenkathi ukufakelwa kwe-hip kuvamile ukuthi kuphephe kakhulu, izici ezithile zingakhuphula ingozi yakho yezinkinga. Ukuqonda lezi zici zengozi kukusiza wena nethimba lakho lezokwelapha ukuthi nithathe izinyathelo zokunciphisa izinkinga ezingaba khona.

Ubudala, impilo yonke, nezici zokuphila konke kunendima ekunqumeni ingozi yakho yokuhlinzwa. Kodwa-ke, ukuba nezici zengozi akusho ukuthi ngokuqinisekile uzoba nezinkinga - kusho nje ukuthi izinyathelo zokuphepha ezengeziwe zingadingeka.

Izici eziningana zingakhuphula ingozi yakho yezinkinga zokufakelwa kwe-hip:

• Ubudala obuthuthukile (yize abantu abadala abaningi benza kahle kakhulu ngokufakelwa kwe-hip)
• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile, okwandisa ukucindezeleka emthanjeni kanye nezinkinga zokuhlinzwa
• Isifo sikashukela noma ezinye izimo ezingapheli ezithinta ukuphola
• Ukubhema, okuphazamisa kakhulu ukuphola kwamathambo futhi kwandise ingozi yokutheleleka
• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-hip kwangaphambilini noma ukutheleleka endaweni efanayo
• Imithi ethile ethinta ukuphola kwamathambo noma umsebenzi womzimba wokuzivikela
• Ikhwalithi yamathambo empofu ngenxa ye-osteoporosis noma ezinye izifo zamathambo

Iqembu lakho labahlinzeki lizohlola ngokucophelela lezi zinto futhi lisebenze nawe ukuthuthukisa impilo yakho ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Izinto eziningi eziyingozi zingashintshwa noma zilawulwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe imiphumela yakho.

Ziyini Izinkinga Ezingase Zibe Khona Zokushintshwa Kwesihluthu?

Izinkinga zokushintshwa kwesihluthu azivamile, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi yini engase yenzeke ukuze ukwazi ukubona izimpawu zokuxwayisa futhi ufune ukwelashwa ngokushesha uma kudingeka. Izinkinga eziningi ziyelapheka uma zitholwe ngesikhathi.

Iningi elikhulu lokuhlinzwa kokushintshwa kwesihluthu kuyaphumelela ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezinkulu. Kodwa-ke, njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kunezinye izingozi okufanele uziqaphele.

Izinkinga ezivamile ezingase zenzeke zihlanganisa:

• Ukutheleleka endaweni yokuhlinzwa noma ngasohlangothini lwe-implant
• Amaqhubu egazi emithanjeni yomlenze noma emaphapheni
• Ukuphuma kwesihluthu esisha
• Umehluko wobude bomlenze ngemuva kokuhlinzwa
• Ukuqina noma ukulinganiselwa kokunyakaza
• Umonakalo wemizwa noma wemithambo yegazi ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa

Izinkinga ezingavamile kodwa ezinzima nazo zingenzeka, nakuba lokhu kuthinta ngaphansi kuka-1% weziguli:

• Ukutheleleka okukhulu okudinga ukususwa kwe-implant
• Ukwelashwa okukhulu kwemithambo yegazi
• I-pulmonary embolism (iqhubu legazi emaphapheni)
• Ukuqhekeka kwethambo elizungeze i-implant
• Ukuphendula komzimba ezintweni ze-implant
• Ukuxega kwe-implant noma ukwehluleka okudinga ukuhlinzwa kokubuyekeza

Iqembu lakho labahlinzeki lithatha izinyathelo eziningi zokuvimbela lezi zinkinga, futhi eziningi zingelashwa ngempumelelo uma zenzeka. Okubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo yakho ngemuva kokuhlinzwa nokubika noma yiziphi izimpawu ezikhathazayo ngokushesha.

Kufanele ngibone nini udokotela ngokushintshwa kwesihluthu?

Kufanele ucabangele ukubona udokotela mayelana nokushintshwa kwe-hip lapho ubuhlungu be-hip buphazamisa kakhulu imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke kanye nekhwalithi yempilo yakho. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka lapho ukwelashwa okungagcini ngemithi, ukwelashwa ngokomzimba, noma imijovo kungasanikezi ukukhululeka okwanele.

Isinqumo sokuhlinzwa ukushintshwa kwe-hip ngesakho siqu futhi sincike ekutheni izinkinga zakho ze-hip zikuthinta kangakanani impilo yakho. Akukho iminyaka ethile noma izinga lobuhlungu elisho ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuthi udinga ukuhlinzwa.

Cabangela ukubonisana nodokotela ohlinzayo wamathambo uma uhlangabezana nalokhu okulandelayo:

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• Ubuhlungu obukhulu be-hip obuphazamisa ukulala noma imisebenzi yansuku zonke
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• Ubunzima obukhulu ekuhambeni, ekukhuphukeni izitebhisi, noma ekuvukeni ezihlalweni
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• Ukuqina kwe-hip okukhawulela ububanzi bakho bokunyakaza
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• Ubuhlungu obungathuthuki ngokuphumula, imithi, noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha
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• Ukungakwazi ukubamba iqhaza emisebenzini oyithandayo ngenxa yobuhlungu be-hip
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• Ukuqhubeka nokwanda kwezimpawu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
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Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa ukushintshwa kwe-hip, kufanele uthinte udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uqaphela noma yiziphi izimpawu zokuxwayisa zezinkinga. Lezi zimpawu zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo futhi akufanele zinganakwa.

Funana nosizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nalokhu okulandelayo:

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• Izimpawu zokutheleleka njengomkhuhlane, ama-chills, noma ukubomvu okukhulayo ngaphandle kokusika
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• Ubuhlungu obukhulu obuzumayo e-hip yakho noma emlenzeni wakho
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• I-hip yakho izizwa sengathi

  Yebo, ukuhlinzwa kokufakelwa i-hip kuyasebenza kakhulu ku-arthritis ebucayi engazange iphendule kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha. Ukuhlinzwa kususwa izindawo ezilimele, ezinama-arthritic zamalunga futhi zithathelwe indawo yizinto ezenziwe ngobuciko ezigcina ukuxhumana kwamathambo-ngamathambo okubangela ubuhlungu bakho.

  Abantu abaningi abane-hip replacement ehlobene ne-arthritis bathola ukukhululeka okukhulu kobuhlungu nokuthuthukiswa kokuhamba. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ngaphezu kwama-95% eziguli zibika ukuthuthuka okukhulu ekhwalithi yempilo yazo ngemva kokufakelwa i-hip ye-arthritis.

  Q2: Ingabe Ukufakelwa I-Hip Kuyayelapha Ubuhlungu Be-Hip Ngokuphelele?

  Ukufakelwa i-hip ngokuvamile kunikeza ukukhululeka okuhle kobuhlungu, neziguli eziningi zithola ukuncipha kobuhlungu be-hip ngama-90-95%. Nokho, ungase usabe nokungakhululeki okuncane ngezikhathi ezithile, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokushintsha kwesimo sezulu noma ngemva kwezinsuku ezisebenzayo.

  Umgomo wokufakelwa i-hip ukususa ubuhlungu obukhulu, obuvimbayo obukuvimbela ukuthi ungajabuleli impilo. Ngenkathi ungase ungazizwa ngendlela owenza ngayo eneminyaka engama-20, abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi ukukhululeka kwabo ubuhlungu kudlula okulindelekile.

  Q3: Ingabe Ukufakelwa I-Hip Kuhlala Isikhathi Eside Kangakanani?

  Ukufakelwa i-hip yesimanje ngokuvamile kuhlala iminyaka engama-20-30 noma ngaphezulu, nabaningi behlala isikhathi eside. Ubude bempilo buxhomeke ezintweni ezinjengobudala bakho ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, izinga lomsebenzi, isisindo somzimba, nokuthi ulandela kahle kangakanani imiyalelo yokunakekelwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa.

  Iziguli ezincane, ezisebenzayo kakhulu zingase zidinge ukuhlinzwa kokubuyekeza ngokushesha ngenxa yokwanda kokugqoka ku-implant. Nokho, intuthuko ezintweni ze-implant kanye namasu okuhlinzwa iyaqhubeka nokuthuthukisa imiphumela yobude bempilo.

  Q4: Ngingakwazi Yini Ukubuyela Ezemidlalo Ngemva Kokufakelwa I-Hip?

  Ungakwazi ukubuyela emisebenzini eminingi yokuzilibazisa ngemva kokufakelwa i-hip, kodwa uzodinga ukukhetha izinketho ezinomthelela ophansi ezingagcini ngokucindezela ilunga lakho elisha ngokweqile. Ukubhukuda, ukuhamba ngebhayisikili, igalofu, nethenisi eliphindwe kabili ngokuvamile ziyizinketho eziphephile nezijabulisayo.

  Imisebenzi enomthelela omkhulu njengokugijima, imidlalo yokugxuma, noma imidlalo yokuthintana ngokuvamile ayinconywa ngoba ingakhuphula ukuguga kokufakelwa kwakho kanye nengozi yokulimala. Udokotela ohlinzayo uzonikeza imihlahlandlela ethile ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho somuntu ngamunye.

  Q5: Ingabe ukushintshwa kwe-Hip kuyindlela yokuhlinzwa enkulu?

  Yebo, ukushintshwa kwe-hip kuthathwa njengokuhlinzwa okukhulu, kodwa futhi ingenye yezinqubo ze-orthopedic eziphumelela kakhulu futhi ezijwayelekile ezenziwa namuhla. Odokotela bahlinza amakhulu ezinkulungwane zalezi zinqubo ngonyaka ngemiphumela emihle.

  Ngenkathi kuyindlela yokuhlinzwa enkulu, izindlela zanamuhla ziye zayenza yaphepha kakhulu futhi yangena kancane kunakuqala. Iziguli eziningi zihamba ekhaya phakathi kwezinsuku eziyi-1-3 ngemuva kokuhlinzwa futhi zingalindela ukululama okuphelele phakathi kwezinyanga eziyi-3-6.