Kuyini Ukushintshwa Kwamadolo? Inhloso, Inqubo & Imiphumela

Ukushintshwa kwamadolo kuyinqubo yokuhlinzwa lapho izingxenye ezilimele zejoyinti lakho ledolo zisuswa futhi zithathelwe indawo yizingxenye ezingokwenziwa ezenziwe ngensimbi, ipulasitiki, noma i-ceramic. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kusiza ukubuyisela umsebenzi edolweni elilimele kakhulu elibangela ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo futhi elikhawulela imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke.

Ijoyinti lakho ledolo lisebenza njengehinge, livumela umlenze wakho ukuthi ugobe futhi uqondise ngokushelela. Lapho i-arthritis, ukulimala, noma ezinye izimo zilimaza i-cartilage kanye nethambo edolweni lakho, lokhu kunyakaza okubushelelezi kuba buhlungu futhi kube nzima. Ukuhlinzwa kokushintshwa kwamadolo kukunika lokho kunyakaza okubushelelezi, okungenawo ubuhlungu ngokudala indawo entsha yejoyinti.

Kuyini ukushintshwa kwamadolo?

Ukuhlinzwa kokushintshwa kwamadolo kuhilela ukususa i-cartilage elimele nethambo emathangeni akho, ethangeni, naseqabeni, bese kuthathelwa lezi zindawo izingxenye ezingokwenziwa. Ijoyinti elingokwenziwa, elibizwa ngokuthi i-prosthesis, lenzelwe ukulingisa ukunyakaza kwedolo elinempilo.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokushintshwa kwamadolo. Ukushintshwa kwamadolo okuphelele kuthatha indawo yejoyinti lonke ledolo, kuyilapho ukushintshwa kwamadolo okuyingxenye kuphela okuthatha indawo yengxenye elimele. Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo we-orthopedic uzoncoma inketho engcono kakhulu ngokusekelwe ekutheni lingakanani idolo lakho elilimele kanye nempilo yakho yonke.

Izingxenye zedolo ezingokwenziwa zenziwe ngezinto ezihloliwe amashumi eminyaka. Izingxenye zensimbi zivame ukwenziwa nge-titanium noma i-cobalt-chromium alloys, kuyilapho izingxenye zepulasitiki zenziwe nge-ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene.

Kungani kwenziwa ukushintshwa kwamadolo?

Ukuhlinzwa kokushintshwa kwamadolo kunconywa lapho ukulimala okukhulu kwamadolo kubangela ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo obuphazamisa impilo yakho yansuku zonke futhi akuphenduli kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha. Umgomo uwukukhulula ubuhlungu, ukubuyisela umsebenzi, nokuthuthukisa izinga lakho lempilo.

Isizathu esivame kakhulu sokushintshwa kwamadolo yi-osteoarthritis, eyenzeka lapho i-cartilage edolweni lakho igugile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lokhu kushiya ithambo ligudlana nethambo, okubangela ubuhlungu, ukuqina, nokuvuvukala. Ezinye izimo ezingaholela ekushintshweni kwamadolo zihlanganisa i-rheumatoid arthritis, i-post-traumatic arthritis evela ekulimaleni, kanye nezifo ezithile zamathambo.

Udokotela wakho angase ancome ukushintshwa kwamadolo uma uhlangabezana nobuhlungu obukhulu emadolweni obukhawulela imisebenzi yansuku zonke efana nokuhamba, ukukhuphuka izitebhisi, noma ukuvuka ezihlalweni. Ungase futhi ube ngumuntu okufanelekayo uma ubuhlungu bakho emadolweni buphazamisa ukulala kwakho noma uma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezifana nemithi, ukwelashwa ngokomzimba, noma imijovo bengazange banikeze ukukhululeka okwanele.

Yini inqubo yokushintshwa kwamadolo?

Ukuhlinzwa kokushintshwa kwamadolo kuvame ukuthatha ihora elingu-1 kuya kwangu-2 futhi kwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile noma i-spinal anesthesia. Udokotela ohlinzayo uzokwenza ukusikeka ngaphezu kwamadolo akho ukuze afinyelele emthanjeni futhi asuse ngokucophelela ithambo elilimele ne-cartilage.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, udokotela ohlinzayo uzokwenza ukusikeka okunembile ukuze asuse izingxenye ezilimele zethambo lakho lethanga, ithambo lomlenze, kanye ne-kneecap. Izingxenye zokwenziwa zibe sezivikelekile ethambweni elisele elinempilo kusetshenziswa usimende okhethekile noma ngokuvumela ithambo ukuthi likhule libe ngaphezulu kwe-implant.

Ngemuva kokubeka izingxenye ezintsha zomthambo, udokotela ohlinzayo uzohlola ukunyakaza nokuzinza kwamadolo. Ukusikeka bese kuvalwa ngemithungo noma izitaphu, futhi kufakwa ibhandishi elingenazo izinto ezingcolile. Iningi leziguli lingalindela ukuhlala esibhedlela izinsuku eziyi-1 kuya kwezi-3 ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.

Ungalungela kanjani ukushintshwa kwamadolo akho?

Ukulungiselela ukuhlinzwa kokushintshwa kwamadolo kuhilela izinyathelo eziningana zokuqinisekisa umphumela ongcono kakhulu. Udokotela ohlinzayo uzonikeza imiyalelo ethile eyenzelwe isimo sakho, kodwa ukulungiselela ngokuvamile kuqala emasontweni ambalwa ngaphambi kosuku lokuhlinzwa kwakho.

Uzodinga ukuqeda ukuhlolwa kwangaphambi kokuhlinzwa, okungabandakanya ukuhlolwa kwegazi, i-electrocardiogram, kanye nemisebe ye-X yesifuba. Lokhu kuhlolwa kusiza ithimba lakho lezokwelapha liqinisekise ukuthi unempilo eyanele yokuhlinzwa kanye ne-anesthesia. Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo angase futhi akucele ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha imithi ethile, ikakhulukazi ama-blood thinners, ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.

Ukulungiselela ngokomzimba kubaluleke ngokulinganayo. Udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuzivocavoca ukuqinisa imisipha ezungeze idolo lakho futhi athuthukise ukuqina kwakho konke. Kufanele futhi ulungiselele ikhaya lakho ukululama ngokususa izingozi zokukhubeka, ukufaka imigoqo yokubamba endlini yokugezela, nokuhlela usizo ngemisebenzi yansuku zonke ngesikhathi sokululama kwakho kokuqala.

Ungazifunda kanjani imiphumela yakho yokufakelwa idolo?

Impumelelo yokuhlinzwa ukufakelwa idolo ilinganiswa ngokuqeda ubuhlungu, ukuthuthukiswa komsebenzi, kanye nekhono lakho lokubuyela emisebenzini yansuku zonke. Abantu abaningi bathola ukuncipha okukhulu kobuhlungu futhi bangahamba ngaphandle kosizo phakathi namasonto ambalwa kuya ezinyangeni ngemva kokuhlinzwa.

Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uzoqapha inqubekela phambili yakho ngokuqokwa okulandelayo futhi angase asebenzise imisebe ye-X ukuze ahlolisise isikhundla nokuzinza kwelunga lakho elisha ledolo. Lezi zithombe zisiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi izingxenye zokwenziwa zibekwe kahle nokuthi ithambo liphiliswa kahle ngemva kokufakelwa.

Ukuthuthukiswa komsebenzi ngokuvamile kufaka phakathi ububanzi obungcono bokunyakaza, ibanga elikhulu lokuhamba, kanye nekhono lokukhuphuka izitebhisi kalula. Abantu abaningi bangakwazi ukubuyela emisebenzini enomthelela ophansi njengokubhukuda, ukuhamba ngebhayisikili, kanye negalofu, nakuba imidlalo enomthelela ophezulu ngokuvamile inganconwa ngedolo lokwenziwa.

Ungaluthuthukisa kanjani ukululama kwakho kokufakelwa idolo?

Ukwelulama ekuhlinzweni ukufakelwa idolo kuhilela ukubamba iqhaza ngentshiseko ekulungisweni nokulandela imihlahlandlela kadokotela wakho ohlinzayo. Okhiye ekuphulukisweni okuphumelelayo ukuqala ukwelashwa ngokomzimba kusenesikhathi futhi uhlale uzibophezele ohlelweni lwakho lokuzivocavoca.

Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba kuvame ukuqala kungakapheli amahora angama-24 ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, ngisho ngenkathi usasesibhedlela. Udokotela wakho ozokwelapha uzokufundisa ukuzivocavoca ukuze uthuthukise ukujikeleza kwegazi, uvimbele amahlule egazi, futhi uqale ukubuyisela ukunyakaza kwamadolo. Lokhu kuzivocavoca kungase kubonakale kuyinselele ekuqaleni, kodwa kubalulekile ukufeza umphumela ongcono kakhulu.

Ekhaya, uzodinga ukuqhubeka nokuzivocavoca kwakho futhi wandise kancane izinga lomsebenzi wakho. Abantu abaningi bangakwazi ukubuyela emisebenzini yansuku zonke ejwayelekile phakathi kwamasonto ama-3 kuya kwangu-6, nakuba ukululama okuphelele kungathatha izinyanga eziningana. Ukulandela imikhawulo kadokotela ohlinzayo ekuthwaleni isisindo kanye namazinga omsebenzi kubalulekile ekupholiseni okufanele.

Uyini umphumela ongcono kakhulu wokufakelwa idolo?

Umphumela ongcono kakhulu wokufakelwa idolo ukuthola ukukhululeka okukhulu kobuhlungu ngenkathi kugcinwa umsebenzi omuhle wedolo nokuhamba. Abantu abaningi bathola imiphumela emihle kakhulu, ngocwaningo olukhombisa ukuthi ngaphezu kuka-90% wokufakelwa idolo kusebenza kahle ngemuva kweminyaka engu-10 kuya kwengu-15.

Umphumela olungile uhlanganisa ukukwazi ukuhamba ngaphandle kobuhlungu, ukukhuphuka izitebhisi ngokunethezeka, nokubamba iqhaza emisebenzini yansuku zonke ngaphandle kwemingcele ebalulekile. Abantu abaningi bangakwazi ukubuyela emisebenzini yokuzilibazisa efana nokuhamba izintaba, ukudansa, nokudlala igalofu, nakuba imisebenzi ethile ongayijabulela incike ekululameni kwakho komuntu ngamunye kanye nezincomo zikadokotela ohlinzayo.

Impumelelo yesikhathi eside incike ezintweni eziningana, okuhlanganisa ukulandela imiyalelo yokunakekelwa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, ukugcina isisindo esinempilo, ukuhlala usebenza ngokuzivocavoca okufanele, nokuya ekuqokweni okulandelayo njalo. Ukuvikela ilunga lakho elisha ledolo ekugqokeni ngokweqile nokudabukeni kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lihlala isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ziyini izici eziyingozi zezinkinga zokufakelwa idolo?

Ngenkathi ukuhlinzwa kokushintshwa kwamadolo kuvamile ukuphepha futhi kuphumelela, izici ezithile zingakhuphula ingozi yakho yezinkinga. Ukuqonda lezi zici eziyingozi kukusiza wena nodokotela ohlinzayo ukuthi nenze izinqumo ezinolwazi futhi nithathe izinyathelo zokunciphisa izinkinga ezingaba khona.

Izimo zezokwelapha ezingase zikhuphule ingozi yakho zihlanganisa isifo sikashukela, isifo senhliziyo, nokukhuluphala ngokweqile. Lezi zimo zingathinta ukuphola futhi zikhuphule ingozi yokutheleleka noma ezinye izinkinga. Udokotela ohlinzayo uzosebenza nawe ukuthuthukisa impilo yakho ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa futhi angase ancome ukunciphisa isisindo noma ukulawula kangcono isifo sikashukela uma kusebenza.

Ubudala kanye nezinga lomsebenzi nazo zidlala indima emiphumeleni. Ngenkathi kungekho mkhawulo oqinile wobudala bokushintshwa kwamadolo, iziguli ezindala zingase zibe nezikhathi zokululama ezinde kanye nezingozi eziphakeme zezinkinga ezithile. Abantu abasebenza kakhulu bangase bagqoke idolo labo lokwenziwa ngokushesha, nakuba lokhu kuhluka kakhulu kumuntu nomuntu.

Ingabe kungcono ukuba nokushintshwa kwamadolo ngokushesha noma kamuva?

Isikhathi sokuhlinzwa kokushintshwa kwamadolo sincike esimweni sakho somuntu ngamunye, okuhlanganisa izinga lakho lobuhlungu, imikhawulo yokusebenza, nokuphendula kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha. Akukho

Ukuhlinzwa kokushintshwa kwamadolo ngokuvamile kuphephile kakhulu, kodwa njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa okukhulu, kuletha ezinye izingozi. Ukuqonda lezi zinkinga ezingase zibe khona kukusiza ukuthi wenze isinqumo esinolwazi futhi wazi ukuthi yini okufanele uyibheke ngesikhathi sokululama.

Izinkinga ezivamile ezingenzeka zihlanganisa ukutheleleka, amahlule egazi, nokuqina. Ukutheleleka kungase kwenzeke ngaphakathi komgogodla wokwenziwa futhi kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa okwengeziwe ukuze kulashwe. Amahlule egazi angakheka emilenzeni ngemva kokuhlinzwa, yingakho uzothola imithi nokuzivivinya ukuze uwavimbele.

Izinkinga ezingavamile kodwa ezingathi sína zihlanganisa ukuxega kokufakelwa, ukuguga kwezingxenye zomgogodla wokwenziwa, kanye nomonakalo wezinzwa noma wemithambo yegazi. Abanye abantu bangase babe nobuhlungu obuqhubekayo noma ukunyakaza okulinganiselwe ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa. Ukuhlinzwa kokubuyekeza kungase kudingeke uma umgogodla wokwenziwa uguga ngokuhamba kwesikhathi noma uma kuvela izinkinga.

Izinkinga ezingavamile kakhulu zihlanganisa ukusabela komzimba ezintweni zokufakelwa, ukuqhekeka okuzungeze umgogodla wokwenziwa, nezinkinga zokuphulukiswa kwamanxeba. Ithimba lakho lokuhlinza lizokuqapha ngokucophelela ukuze libone izimpawu zezinkinga futhi linikeze ukwelashwa okusheshayo uma kuvela noma yiziphi izinkinga.

Kufanele ngibone nini udokotela ukuze ngihlolisise ukushintshwa kwamadolo?

Kufanele ucabangele ukubona udokotela ohlinzayo wamathambo ukuze ahlolisise ukushintshwa kwamadolo uma ukwelashwa okuvamile kungazange kunikeze ukukhululeka okwanele futhi ubuhlungu bakho emadolweni buphazamisa kakhulu impilo yakho yansuku zonke. Ungalindi kuze kube yilapho unobuhlungu obukhulu, obuqhubekayo ukuze ufune ukuhlolwa.

Hlela i-aphoyintimenti uma uba nobuhlungu obuqhubekayo emadolweni obukhawulela ikhono lakho lokuhamba, ukukhuphuka izitebhisi, noma ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke. Kufanele futhi ucabangele ukuhlolwa uma ubuhlungu bakho emadolweni buphazamisa ukulala kwakho noma uma ugwema imisebenzi obuyijabulela ngoba ungaqali ukungakhululeki emadolweni.

Ezinye izimpawu ezidinga ukuhlolwa zihlanganisa ukukhubazeka kwamadolo, ukungazinzi, noma uma ubuhlungu bakho emadolweni bungasabeli emithini, ukwelashwa ngokomzimba, noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha udokotela wakho oyinhloko azincomile. Ukuhlolwa kwasekuqaleni akusho ukuthi udinga ukuhlinzwa ngokushesha, kodwa kukusiza ukuthi uqonde izinketho zakho futhi uhlele ikusasa.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana nokushintshwa kwamadolo

Q.1 Ingabe ukuhlinzwa kokushintshwa kwamadolo kulungile ngoba i-arthritis?

Yebo, ukuhlinzwa kokushintshwa kwamadolo kuphumelela kakhulu nge-arthritis enzima engasabelanga kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha. Ukuhlinzwa kususwa izindawo ezilimele, ezinama-arthritic zamalunga futhi zithathelwa indawo yizinto eziqeda ukuxhumana kwamathambo okubangela ubuhlungu bakho.

Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ngaphezu kuka-90% wabantu abane-arthritis abahlinzwa ukushintshwa kwamadolo bathola ukukhululeka okukhulu kobuhlungu nokuthuthukiswa komsebenzi. Izindawo zamalunga okwenziwe azithuthukisi i-arthritis, ngakho-ke ukukhululeka kobuhlungu kuvamile ukuthi kuhlale isikhathi eside. Kodwa-ke, ukushintshwa kwamadolo kuvame ukunconywa kuphela ngemuva kokuthi ezinye izindlela zokwelapha sezizanywe.

Q.2 Ingabe iminyaka inomthelela empumelelweni yokushintshwa kwamadolo?

Iminyaka yodwa ayinqumi impumelelo yokushintshwa kwamadolo, yize kuyisici esisodwa udokotela ohlinzayo akucabangela. Abantu abaneminyaka yobudala yama-80s nama-90s bangaba nemiphumela emihle kakhulu, ngenkathi ezinye iziguli ezincane zingabhekana nezinselelo ezihlukile. Impilo yakho yonke nezinga lomsebenzi kubaluleke kakhulu kuneminyaka yakho.

Iziguli ezindala zingase zibe nezikhathi zokululama ezinde kanye nobungozi obukhulu bezinkinga ezithile, kodwa zivame ukuthola izinga elifanayo lokukhululeka kobuhlungu nokuthuthukiswa komsebenzi njengeziguli ezincane. Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uzohlola isimo sakho sempilo ngasinye kanye nethemba lokuphila lapho encoma ukuhlinzwa.

Q.3 Ingabe ukushintshwa kwamadolo kuhlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Ukushintshwa kwamadolo anamuhla kuvame ukuhlala iminyaka eyi-15 kuya kwengama-20 noma ngaphezulu ngokunakekelwa okufanele. Ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuthi ngaphezu kwama-85% okushintshwa kwamadolo kusebenza kahle ngemva kweminyaka engama-20. Ukuqina kuncike ezintweni ezinjengokuthi izinga lakho lomsebenzi, isisindo, nokuthi ulandela kahle kangakanani imiyalelo yokunakekelwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa.

Iziguli ezincane, ezisebenzayo kakhulu zingase zigqoke amadolo azo okwenziwa ngokushesha kunezinhlobo ezindala, ezingasebenzi kakhulu. Nokho, ukuthuthukiswa kwezinto zokufakelwa kanye nezindlela zokuhlinza kuqhubeka nokwelula impilo yokushintshwa kwamadolo. Uma idolo lakho lokwenziwa ligqoka, ukuhlinzwa kokubuyekeza kungashintsha izingxenye ezigqokile.

Q.4 Ngingakwazi yini ukubuyela emidlalweni ngemva kokushintshwa kwamadolo?

Abantu abaningi bangakwazi ukubuyela emidlalweni yokuzilibazisa kanye nemisebenzi ngemva kokushintshwa kwamadolo, nakuba imisebenzi ethile incike ekululameni kwakho komuntu ngamunye kanye nezincomo zokuhlinza kwakho. Imisebenzi enomthelela ophansi efana nokubhukuda, ukuhamba ngebhayisikili, igalofu, nokuhamba izintaba ngokuvamile iyakhuthazwa futhi ingasiza ukugcina ukuqina kwakho nempilo yamalunga.

Imisebenzi enomthelela omkhulu efana nokugijima, imidlalo yokugxuma, nemidlalo yokuxhumana ngokuvamile ayinconyiwe ngoba ingakhuphula ukugqoka elungini lokwenziwa futhi ikhuphule ingozi yokulimala. Nokho, abanye abantu bayahlanganyela kule misebenzi ngempumelelo. Udokotela ohlinzayo uzohlinzeka ngesiqondiso esithile esisekelwe ekuqhubekeleni kwakho ukuphola kanye nemigomo yomsebenzi.

Q.5 Uyini umehluko phakathi kokushintshwa kwamadolo okuyingxenye kanye nokushintshwa kwamadolo okuphelele?

Ukushintshwa kwamadolo okuyingxenye kuhilela ukushintsha kuphela ingxenye elimele yelunga lakho ledolo, kuyilapho ukushintshwa kwamadolo okuphelele kushintsha yonke indawo yelunga. Ukushintshwa okuyingxenye kufaneleka kuphela uma ukulimala kukhawulelwe engxenyeni eyodwa yedolo futhi imisipha isasebenza.

Ukushintshwa kwamadolo okuyingxenye ngokuvamile kuhilela ukusikeka okuncane, isikhathi esifushane sokululama, futhi kungase kuzizwe kungokwemvelo ngoba ingxenye enkulu yesakhiwo sakho samadolo sokuqala iyagcinwa. Kodwa-ke, kufaneleka kuphela cishe ku-10% yabantu abadinga ukuhlinzwa kokushintshwa kwamadolo. Ukushintshwa kwamadolo okuphelele kulindeleke kakhulu futhi kuqina ezigulini eziningi ezinomonakalo omkhulu emadolweni.