Yini i-Lumpectomy? Inhloso, Inqubo & Ukululama

I-lumpectomy ukuhlinzwa okonga ibele okususwa ngalo umdlavuza kanye nenani elincane lezicubu ezinempilo ezizungezile. Le nqubo ikuvumela ukuthi ugcine iningi lebele lakho ngenkathi uphatha ngempumelelo umdlavuza webele. Ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi "ukuhlinzwa okonga ibele" ngoba igcina ukuma nokubukeka okujwayelekile kwebele lakho.

Abesifazane abaningi bazizwa bekhungathekile lapho beqala ukuzwa ngokudinga ukuhlinzwa ibele. Ukuqonda ukuthi i-lumpectomy ihlanganisani kungasiza ukunciphisa lezo zinkathazo futhi kukunike amandla okwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nokunakekelwa kwakho.

Yini i-lumpectomy?

I-lumpectomy yinqubo yokuhlinzwa esusa umdlavuza webele ngenkathi igcina iningi lezicubu zakho zemvelo zebele ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, udokotela ohlinzayo ususa umdlavuza kanye nomngcele wezicubu ezinempilo ezizungezile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi zonke izimila zomdlavuza ziqediwe.

Cabanga ngayo njengokuhlinzwa okunembile okuqondiswe endaweni enenkinga kuphela. Umgomo uwukuthola ukususwa okuphelele komdlavuza ngenkathi kugcinwa ukubukeka nemvelo yemvelo yebhele lakho. Le ndlela iye yafakazelwa ukuthi isebenza kahle njenge-mastectomy yomdlavuza webele esigabeni sokuqala uma ihlanganiswe nemisebe.

Le nqubo ngokuvamile ithatha amahora angu-1-2 futhi yenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile. Iziguli eziningi zingahamba ngosuku olufanayo noma ngemva kokuhlala ubusuku obubodwa, kuye ngezimo zomuntu ngamunye kanye nezincomo zokuhlinza.

Kungani kwenziwa i-lumpectomy?

I-Lumpectomy yenziwa ukuze kulashwe umdlavuza webele ngenkathi kugcinwa ibele lakho. Yindlela yokwelapha ekhethwayo lapho umdlavuza utholakala ekuqaleni futhi uvinjelwe endaweni encane yezicubu zebele.

Udktela wakho angase ancome i-lumpectomy uma unomdlavuza webele ongahlaseli noma i-ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), okuyindlela engahlaseli yomdlavuza webele. Ubukhulu nendawo yethumba lakho, kanye nempilo yakho yonke, kunquma ukuthi ungumuntu ofanelekayo yini kule nqubo.

Lokhu kuhlinzwa kunikeza izinzuzo eziningi ngaphezu kwezinqubo eziningi. Ugcina ukubukeka kwemvelo kwesifuba sakho, uthola izikhathi zokululama ezimfushane, futhi uvame ukuzizwa ukhululekile ngomfanekiso wakho womzimba ngemva kokwelashwa. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi i-lumpectomy elandelwa yi-radiation therapy inikeza amazinga okusinda alingana ne-mastectomy yomdlavuza webele wesigaba sokuqala.

Yini inqubo ye-lumpectomy?

Inqubo ye-lumpectomy ilandela indlela ehlelwe ngokucophelela ukuqinisekisa ukususwa okuphelele komdlavuza ngenkathi kugcinwa izicubu ezinempilo. Ithimba lakho lokuhlinza lizobe libuyekeze ngokucophelela icala lakho nezifundo zokucabanga ngaphambi kokuthi umsebenzi uqale.

Nakhu okwenzekayo ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kwakho kwe-lumpectomy:

1. Uzothola i-anesthesia ejwayelekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukhululeke ngokuphelele ngesikhathi senqubo
2. Udktela ohlinzayo wenza ukusikeka okuncane ngaphezu kwendawo yethumba, ngokuvamile elandela ukuma kwemvelo kwesifuba sakho
3. Ithumba lisuswa ngokucophelela kanye nomngcele wezicubu ezinempilo ezizungezile
4. Izicubu ezisusiwe zithunyelwa ku-pathology ukuze kuhlolwe ngokushesha ukuqinisekisa imingcele ecacile
5. Uma imingcele ingacacile, ezinye izicubu zingase zisuswe ngesikhathi senqubo efanayo
6. Udktela wakho ohlinzayo uvala ukusikeka ngama-sutures noma ama-surgical clips
7. I-drainage tube ingase ibekwe okwesikhashana uma kudingeka

Yonke inqubo ivame ukuthatha amahora angu-1-2, kuye ngobukhulu nendawo yethumba. Udktela wakho ohlinzayo angase futhi enze i-sentinel lymph node biopsy ngesikhathi somsebenzi ofanayo ukuze ahlole ukuthi umdlavuza usabalale yini kuma-lymph nodes aseduze.

Kwezinye izimo, udokotela ohlinzayo angase asebenzise i-wire localization noma ezinye izindlela zokuthwebula izithombe ukuze athole ngqo imithombo emincane engathinteki ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukususwa okunembile ngenkathi kulondolozwa inyama enempilo ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ungalungiselela kanjani i-lumpectomy yakho?

Ukulungiselela i-lumpectomy kuhilela ukulungiselela ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo ukuqinisekisa umphumela ongcono kakhulu. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizohlinzeka ngemiyalelo ethile eyenzelwe isimo sakho.

Izinyathelo eziningana zizokusiza ukuthi ulungiselele ukuhlinzwa okuphumelelayo nokululama:

• Yeka ukuthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi njengoba uqondiswa udokotela wakho, ngokuvamile izinsuku eziyi-7-10 ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa
• Lungiselela umuntu ukuthi akuqhubeke ebuyela ekhaya futhi ahlale nawe amahora okuqala angama-24
• Zila ukudla amahora ayi-8-12 ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa njengoba uqondiswa ithimba lakho lokuhlinza
• Gqoka izingubo ezikhululekile, ezikhululekile ezinamabhathini noma ama-zip ngaphambili
• Susa yonke ubucwebe, izimonyo, kanye ne-nail polish ngaphambi kokufika esibhedlela
• Geza ngensipho elwa namagciwane ngobusuku obandulela ukuhlinzwa nangakusasa ekuseni
• Letha uhlu lwazo zonke izidakamizwa kanye nezithasiselo ozenzayo njengamanje

Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uzohlangana nawe ngaphambi kwenqubo ukuze aphendule noma yimiphi imibuzo yomzuzu wokugcina futhi aqinisekise ukuthi uzizwa ukhululekile ukuqhubeka. Lesi yisikhathi esihle sokuxoxa nganoma yikuphi ukukhathazeka mayelana nokuhlinzwa noma inqubo yokululama.

Cabangela ukulungiselela ikhaya lakho ukululama ngokumisa indawo yokuphumula enethezekile enokufinyelela okulula ezidingweni. Ukuba nama-ice pack, imiqamelo enethezekile, nezinketho zokuzijabulisa ezitholakala kalula kungenza ukululama kwakho kujabulise kakhulu.

Ungawafunda kanjani imiphumela yakho ye-lumpectomy?

Ukuqonda umbiko wakho we-pathology we-lumpectomy kukusiza ukuthi uqonde ukuthi ukuhlinzwa kufezile ini nokuthi yiziphi izinyathelo ezilandelayo ohlelweni lwakho lokwelapha. Umbiko we-pathology unikeza ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nomdlavuza wakho nokuthi ngabe ukuhlinzwa kususwe ngempumelelo yonke inyama enomdlavuza.

Umbiko wakho we-pathology uzohlanganisa izinto ezithile ezibalulekile eziqondisa ukunakekelwa kwakho okuqhubekayo. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ngabe udokotela ohlinzayo wakho ufinyelele "emajinini acacile", okusho ukuthi akutholakalanga amaseli omdlavuza emaphethelweni ezicubu ezisusiwe.

Nakhu okuyinhloko okuzokhulunywa ngakho embikweni wakho we-pathology:

• Isimo semajini - ukuthi amaseli omdlavuza anwebeka emaphethelweni ezicubu ezisusiwe
• Usayizi nohlobo lomdlavuza - izici ezithile zomdlavuza wakho
• Isimo se-hormone receptor - ukuthi umdlavuza wakho uyasabela yini kuma-hormone
• Isimo se-HER2 - iphrotheni ethinta ukukhula komdlavuza nezinketho zokwelashwa
• Ibanga - ukuthi amaseli omdlavuza wakho abonakala enjani ngaphansi kokuhlolwa ngemicroscopic
• Ukubandakanyeka kwama-lymph node - ukuthi umdlavuza usabalale yini kuma-lymph node aseduze

Amajinini acacile asho ukuthi udokotela ohlinzayo wakho ususe ngempumelelo wonke umdlavuza obonakalayo ngezicubu ezinempilo ezizungezile. Uma amajinini engacacile, ungase udinge ukuhlinzwa okwengeziwe ukuze ususe ezinye izicubu futhi uqinisekise ukususwa okuphelele komdlavuza.

Udokotela wakho we-oncologist uzobukeza lezi zinto nawe futhi achaze ukuthi zithonya kanjani uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa. Lolu lwazi lusiza ukunquma ukuthi ngabe udinga ukwelashwa okwengeziwe njenge-chemotherapy, i-hormone therapy, noma ama-therapies aqondiwe.

Ungalulama kanjani ngemuva kwe-lumpectomy yakho?

Ukwelulama ku-lumpectomy ngokuvamile kuqondile, nabantu abaningi bebuyela emisebenzini ejwayelekile phakathi kwamasonto angu-1-2. Umzimba wakho udinga isikhathi sokuphola, futhi ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ohlinzayo ngokucophelela kukhuthaza ukululama okungcono kakhulu.

Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, cishe uzoba nokungakhululeki okuthile, ukuvuvukala, nokulimala ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwendawo yokuhlinzwa. Lezi zimpawu zivamile ngokuphelele futhi zithuthuka kancane kancane njengoba umzimba wakho uphola.

Uhlelo lwakho lokululama kufanele luhlanganise lezi ziqondiso ezibalulekile:

• Thatha imithi ebhalwe ngudokotela yokudambisa ubuhlungu njengoba uqondiswe ukuze uhlale ukhululekile
• Gcina indawo okuhlinzwe kuyo ihlanzekile futhi yomile, ulandela imiyalelo ethile yokunakekela amanxeba
• Gwema ukuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo (ezingaphezu kwamakhilogremu angu-4.5) amasonto angu-1-2
• Qala kabusha imisebenzi yakho evamile kancane kancane njengoba uzizwa ukulungele
• Hambela zonke izikhathi zokuhlolwa okulandelayo neqembu lakho labahlinzi
• Qaphela izimpawu zokutheleleka njengokubomvu okukhulu, ukufudumala, noma ukukhipha amanzi
• Yenza ukuzivivinya kwengalo okumnene njengoba kunconywe ukuvimbela ukuqina

Abantu abaningi bangakwazi ukubuyela emsebenzini kungakapheli isonto, kuye ngezidingo zomsebenzi wabo. Imisebenzi ebandakanya ukuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo noma ukunyakaza kwengalo okukhulu kufanele igwenywe kuze kube yilapho udokotela ohlinzayo enikeza imvume, ngokuvamile emasontweni angu-2-4 ngemva kokuhlinzwa.

Ukwelulama kwakho ngokomzwelo kubaluleke njengokuphola ngokomzimba. Kuyinto evamile ukuzizwa ukhathazekile, udabukile, noma ukhungathekile ngemva kokuhlinzwa komdlavuza. Unganqikazi ukufinyelela eqenjini lakho lezempilo, amaqembu okusekela, noma abeluleki uma udinga ukusekelwa ngokomzwelo ngalesi sikhathi.

Ziyini izici eziyingozi zokudinga i-lumpectomy?

Izici eziyingozi zokudinga i-lumpectomy zifana ncamashi nezici eziyingozi zokuthuthukisa umdlavuza wamabele. Ukuqonda lezi zici kukusiza ukuthi wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nokuhlolwa namasu okuvimbela.

Ezinye izici eziyingozi zomdlavuza wamabele ezingaholela ku-lumpectomy zingaphandle kokulawula kwakho, kanti ezinye zihlobene nokukhetha indlela yokuphila ongayithonya. Ubudala buqhubeka buyisici esiyingozi esibaluleke kakhulu, ngoba imidlavuza eminingi yamabele yenzeka kwabesifazane abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50.

Nazi izici eziyingozi eziyinhloko ezandisa amathuba omkhuhlane wamabele:

• Ukuba ngowesifazane nokuguga, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokuya esikhathini
• Umlando womndeni womdlavuza webele noma we-ovari
• Ukuguquka kofuzo oluthile njenge-BRCA1 noma i-BRCA2
• Umdlavuza webele wangaphambilini noma izimo ezithile ezingelona i-cancer ebeleni
• Izicubu zebele eziqinile ezenza ukutholwa komdlavuza kube yinselele
• Ukuvezwa ku-estrogen isikhathi eside
• Ukuvezwa emisebeni endaweni yesifuba ngesikhathi sobuntwana noma ebusheni

Izinto zokuphila ezingase zikhuphule ingozi zihlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala, ukukhuluphala ngemva kokuya esikhathini, nokungabi khona komsebenzi womzimba. Kodwa-ke, ukuba nezici eziyingozi akusho ukuthi nakanjani uzothuthukisa umdlavuza webele.

Ukuvivinywa njalo ngama-mammogram kanye nokuhlolwa kwebele komtholampilo kusiza ukuthola umdlavuza kusenesikhathi lapho i-lumpectomy kungenzeka ukuthi iphumelela kakhulu. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kuthuthukisa kakhulu imiphumela yokwelashwa kanye namazinga okuphila.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingaba khona ze-lumpectomy?

I-Lumpectomy ngokuvamile iyinqubo ephephile enengozi ephansi yezinkinga ezinzima. Kodwa-ke, njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, inezingozi ezingaba khona ezizoxoxwa nethimba lakho lokuhlinza ngaphambi kwenqubo.

Izinkinga eziningi zincane futhi zixazululwa ngokunakekelwa okufanele nesikhathi. Ithimba lakho lokuhlinza lithatha izinyathelo eziningi zokunciphisa izingozi futhi liqinisekise umphumela ophephile ngangokunokwenzeka esimweni sakho esithile.

Izinkinga ezivamile ezingase zenzeke zihlanganisa:

• Ukunyuka kwamagciwane endaweni yokuhlinzwa, evame ukusabela kahle emithini elwa namagciwane
• Ukuphuma kwegazi noma ukwakheka kwe-hematoma okudinga ukwelashwa okwengeziwe
• Ushintsho emuzweni webele, olungase lube olwesikhashana noma unomphela
• Ukwakheka kwe-Seroma (ukuqoqwa koketshezi) okungase kudingeke ukuthi kukhishwe
• Ukulimala okungase kuthinte ukubukeka kwebele
• Imiphetho emihle edinga ukuhlinzwa okwengeziwe
• I-Lymphedema uma ama-lymph nodes esusiwe

Izinkinga ezingavamile kodwa ezinzima zihlanganisa ukusabela okukhulu komzimba emithini yokubulala izinzwa, amahlule egazi, noma ukuphuma kwegazi okukhulu okudinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo. Ithimba lakho labahlinzi likuqapha ngokucophelela ngesikhathi nangemva kwenqubo ukuze libhekane ngokushesha nanoma yiziphi izinkinga.

Abantu abaningi bazizwa bengakhululekile kancane futhi baphole ngokuphelele phakathi kwamasonto angu-4-6. Ingozi yakho yezinkinga incike ezintweni ezifana nempilo yakho yonke, usayizi nendawo yethumba lakho, nokuthi ulandela kanjani imiyalelo ngemva kokuhlinzwa.

Kufanele ngibone nini udokotela ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwe-lumpectomy?

Kufanele uthinte ithimba lakho lezempilo ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezikhathazayo ngemva kwe-lumpectomy. Ngenkathi ukungakhululeki nokuvuvukala okuthile kujwayelekile, izimpawu ezithile zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo.

Ithimba lakho labahlinzi lizohlela ama-aphoyintimenti okulandelayo avamile ukuze liqaphe ukuphola kwakho futhi lixoxe ngezinyathelo ezilandelayo ohlelweni lwakho lokwelashwa. Lawa ma-aphoyintimenti abalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukululama okungcono kakhulu nokunakekelwa komdlavuza okuqhubekayo.

Xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nalokhu okulandelayo:

• Izimpawu zokutheleleka njengomkhuhlane, ukubomvu okwandayo, ukufudumala, noma i-pus evela ekusikeni
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu obungathuthuki ngemithi enqunyiwe
• Ukuphuma kwegazi okukhulu noma ukwanda okungazelelwe ekuphumeni
• Izimpawu zama-clot egazi njengokuvuvukala komlenze, ubuhlungu besifuba, noma ukuphefumula
• Isicanucanu esikhulu noma ukuhlanza okukuvimbela ukuthi uhlale unamanzi
• Ukuvuvukala okungavamile engalweni yakho noma esandleni ngasohlangothini lokuhlinzwa
• Noma yiziphi izigaxa ezintsha noma izinguquko ebeleni lakho noma ezindaweni ezizungezile

I-aphoyintimenti yakho yokuqala yokulandela ngokuvamile yenzeka phakathi kwamasonto angu-1-2 ngemva kokuhlinzwa ukuze kuhlolwe ukuqhubeka kwakho kokuphola futhi kususwe noma yiziphi izithungo uma kunesidingo. Ama-aphoyintimenti engeziwe asiza ukuxhumanisa ukwelashwa ngemisebe noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha udokotela wakho we-oncologist azincomayo.

Ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo kwesikhathi eside kufaka phakathi ama-mammogram, ukuhlolwa kwamabele emtholampilo, nokuqhubeka kokuqapha ukuvela kabusha komdlavuza. Ithimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lizokwenza uhlelo oluqondene nawe lokubheka olusekelwe esimweni sakho esithile kanye nezici eziyingozi.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana ne-lumpectomy

Umbuzo 1. Ingabe i-lumpectomy isebenza kahle njenge-mastectomy yomdlavuza wamabele?

Yebo, i-lumpectomy elandelwa yi-radiation therapy isebenza kahle njenge-mastectomy yomdlavuza wamabele esigabeni sokuqala. Izifundo eziningi ezinkulu zibonise ukuthi amazinga okusinda alingana phakathi kwalezi zindlela ezimbili lapho umdlavuza ubanjwe kusenesikhathi.

Umehluko omkhulu ulele ezingeni lokususwa kwezicubu kanye nesidingo se-radiation therapy ngemva kwe-lumpectomy. Ngenkathi i-mastectomy isusa lonke ibele, i-lumpectomy igcina iningi lezicubu zamabele akho ngenkathi kuzuzwa imiphumela efanayo yokulawula umdlavuza.

Umbuzo 2. Ngizodinga i-radiation therapy ngemva kwe-lumpectomy?

Abantu abaningi abane-lumpectomy bazodinga i-radiation therapy ukunciphisa ingozi yokuthi umdlavuza ubuye ebeleni. I-radiation therapy ngokuvamile iqala emasontweni angu-4-6 ngemva kokuhlinzwa uma ukusikeka kwakho sekuphole kahle.

Udokotela wakho we-oncologist uzoqaphela ukuthi i-radiation therapy iyadingeka yini ngokusekelwe ezicini zakho ezithile zomdlavuza, ubudala, nempilo yonke. Ezimweni ezingavamile, iziguli ezindala ezinomdlavuza omncane kakhulu, onengozi ephansi kungenzeka zingadingi i-radiation therapy.

Umbuzo 3. Lizobukeka kanjani ibele lami ngemva kwe-lumpectomy?

Abantu abaningi bayajabula ngendlela ibele labo elibukeka ngayo ngemva kwe-lumpectomy, ikakhulukazi uma liqhathaniswa nezinketho zokuhlinzwa ezinabile. Umgomo uwukususa umdlavuza ngenkathi kugcinwa ukubukeka kwemvelo nokuma kwebele lakho.

Ezinye izinguquko ekubukekeni kwamabele zivamile futhi zingabandakanya isibazi esincane, ukungalingani okuncane, noma izinguquko ezincane ekumeni kwamabele. Lezi zinguquko ngokuvamile zicashile futhi zithuthuka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi njengoba ukuphola kuqhubeka nokuvuvukala kuyancipha.

Umbuzo 4. Ngingakwazi yini ukuncelisa ngemva kokuba ne-lumpectomy?

Abesifazane abaningi bangancelisa ngempumelelo ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwe-lumpectomy, nakuba ikhono lakho lingancika endaweni nobukhulu bokuhlinzwa. Uma imisele yobisi ingathintekanga kakhulu, ukusebenza kokuncelisa kuvame ukuhlala kulungile.

Xoxa ngezinhlelo zakho zokuncelisa zesikhathi esizayo nodokotela ohlinzayo ngaphambi kwenqubo. Bavame ukuhlela indlela yokuhlinza ukuze banciphise umthelela emiseleni yobisi futhi balondoloze ikhono lokuncelisa uma kungenzeka.

Q5. Ngizohlala isikhathi esingakanani ngingasebenzi ngemva kwe-lumpectomy?

Abantu abaningi bangabuyela emsebenzini phakathi kwamasonto angu-1-2 ngemva kwe-lumpectomy, kuye ngezidingo zomsebenzi wabo nokuqhubeka kokululama. Abasebenzi basehhovisi bavame ukubuyela ngokushesha kunalabo abemisebenzi yabo ihlanganisa ukuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo noma umsebenzi onzima.

Udkt. ohlinzayo uzonikeza isiqondiso esiqondile mayelana nokuthi ungaqala nini kabusha imisebenzi ehlukahlukene ngokusekelwe ekuqhubekeni kwakho ukuphola nezidingo zomsebenzi. Lalela umzimba wakho futhi ungasheshi ukubuyela emsebenzini ogcwele ngaphambi kokuthi ulungele.