Kuyini Ukulungiswa Komvalvo We-Mitral kanye NokuFakwa Komvalvo We-Mitral? Injongo, Inqubo & Nemiphumela

Ukwelashwa nokufakwa komvalvo we-mitral kuyizindlela zokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo ezilungisa izinkinga ngomvalvo wakho we-mitral, omunye wamavalvu amane alawula ukugeleza kwegazi ngenhliziyo yakho. Cabanga ngomvalvo wakho we-mitral njengomnyango phakathi kwamagumbi amabili enhliziyweni yakho - uvuleka ukuvumela igazi ukuthi ligelele lisuka ku-atrium yakho yangakwesobunxele liye ku-ventricle yakho yangakwesobunxele, bese uvala ukuvimbela igazi ukuthi lingageleli emuva.

Lapho lo mvalvo ungasebenzi kahle, inhliziyo yakho kufanele isebenze kanzima ukuze ipompe igazi ngempumelelo. Lezi zinqubo zokuhlinzwa zingabuyisela ukugeleza kwegazi okuvamile futhi zisize inhliziyo yakho ukuthi isebenze kangcono, ngokuvamile zithuthukisa kakhulu izinga lakho lempilo.

Kuyini ukulungiswa komvalvo we-mitral kanye nokufakwa komvalvo we-mitral?

Ukwelashwa komvalvo we-mitral kusho ukuthi udokotela ohlinzayo ulungisa uvalvo wakho okhona ukuze awusize ukuthi usebenze kangcono. Lokhu kungabandakanya ukuqina kwamalaphu avalvu axekile, ukususa izicubu ezingeziwe, noma ukwengeza izakhiwo ezisekelayo ukusiza uvalvo ukuthi uvale kahle.

Ukufakwa komvalvo we-mitral kuhilela ukususa ngokuphelele uvalvo wakho olimele bese ufaka omusha. Uvalvo omusha ungenza ngomshini (owenziwe ngezinto eziqinile njengensimbi) noma ngokuphilayo (owenziwe ngezicubu zezilwane noma zomuntu).

Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo ngokuvamile uzozama ukulungisa kuqala uma kungenzeka, ngoba ukugcina uvalvo wakho wangempela ngokuvamile kuholela emiphumeleni engcono yesikhathi eside. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi umonakalo mkhulu kakhulu, futhi ukufakwa kuba yindlela engcono yezempilo yakho.

Kungani kwenziwa ukulungiswa komvalvo we-mitral nokufakwa?

Lezi zinqubo zelapha isifo somvalvo we-mitral, esenzeka lapho uvalvo wakho ungavuleki ngokwanele noma ungavali ngokuphelele. Lokhu kuphoqa inhliziyo yakho ukuthi isebenze kanzima futhi kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinzima ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Udktela wakho angase ancome ukuhlinzwa uma une-mitral stenosis, lapho ukuvulwa kwe-valve kuba kuncane kakhulu futhi kuvimbela ukuhamba kwegazi. Lesi simo sivame ukuthuthuka kancane kancane futhi singakwenza uzizwe ukhathele, uphelelwe umoya, noma kubangele ubuhlungu besifuba ngesikhathi semisebenzi yansuku zonke.

I-Mitral regurgitation enye into ejwayelekile yokuhlinzwa, lapho i-valve ingavali kahle futhi igazi livuza emuva. Lokhu kungenzeka kungazelelwe ngenxa yokutheleleka noma ukulimala, noma kuthuthuke kancane kancane eminyakeni eminingi ngenxa yokuguga nokudabuka.

Abanye abantu badinga ukuhlinzwa ngezinkinga ze-mitral valve abazalwa nazo. Abanye bathuthukisa izinkinga ze-valve ngemva komkhuhlane we-rheumatic, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, noma izifo ezilimaza izicubu ze-valve.

Yini inqubo yokulungisa nokufaka esikhundleni se-mitral valve?

Ukuhlinzwa kwakho kuzokwenzeka ekamelweni lokuhlinzela ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile, ngakho-ke uzobe ulele ngokuphelele kuyo yonke inqubo. Ukuhlinzwa okuningi kuthatha phakathi kwamahora angu-2 kuya kwangu-4, kuye ngobunzima becala lakho elithile.

Udktela wakho ohlinzayo angakwazi ukufinyelela enhliziyweni yakho ngezindlela ezahlukene. Indlela yendabuko ihlanganisa ukwenza ukusikeka phakathi nesifuba sakho nokuvula ithambo lesifuba sakho ukuze ufinyelele ngqo enhliziyweni yakho.

Izindlela ezingahlaseli kakhulu zisebenzisa ukusikeka okuncane, ngokuvamile phakathi kwezimbambo zakho ngakwesokudla sesifuba sakho. Le ndlela ngokuvamile isho ubuhlungu obuncane nokululama okusheshayo, nakuba kungewona wonke umuntu ongumqokelwa wale ndlela.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, uzoxhunywa emshinini wokudlula inhliziyo namaphaphu othathela isikhashana umsebenzi wokumpompa inhliziyo yakho. Lokhu kuvumela udktela wakho ohlinzayo ukuthi asebenze enhliziyweni yakho esathule ngokunemba nokuphepha.

Ngezindlela zokulungisa, udktela wakho ohlinzayo angase alungise kabusha ama-leaflet e-valve, asuse izicubu ezingeziwe, noma afake indandatho ezungeze i-valve ukuyisiza ukuthi ivaleke kangcono. Ukufaka esikhundleni kuhilela ukususa ngokucophelela i-valve elimele bese kuthungwa entsha esikhundleni sayo.

Ungalungiselela kanjani ukuhlinzwa kwakho kwe-mitral valve?

Ukulungiselela kwakho kuqala ngokuhlolwa okubanzi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi usukulungele ukuhlinzwa. Lokhu ngokuvamile kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa kwegazi, ama-X-ray esifuba, kanye nezithombe ezinemininingwane yenhliziyo ukusiza ithimba lakho lokuhlinzwa ukuthi lihlele indlela engcono kakhulu.

Uzohlangana nethimba lakho lokuhlinzwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi ukuze nixoxe ngenqubo, nibuze imibuzo, futhi niqonde okulindelekile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo uzofunda nge-anesthesia kanye nanoma yimiphi imiyalelo ethile yecala lakho.

Udokotela wakho uzobukeza yonke imithi oyithathayo, njengoba eminye ingase idinge ukumiswa noma ukulungiswa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Ama-blood thinners, ikakhulukazi, ngokuvamile adinga isikhathi esiqondile ukuze kulinganiswe ingozi yokopha nokuvimbela ukujiya kwegazi.

Ukulungiselela ngokomzimba ngokuvamile kuhilela ukuyeka ukudla nokuphuza ngemva kwamabili ngobusuku obandulela ukuhlinzwa. Uzoshawa ngensipho ekhethekile yokulwa namagciwane ukunciphisa ingozi yokutheleleka.

Ukulungiselela ngokomzwelo kubaluleke ngokulinganayo. Abantu abaningi bakuthola kuwusizo ukuhlela ukusekelwa komndeni, ukulungiselela ikhaya labo ukululama, futhi baxoxe nganoma yiziphi izinkathazo nethimba labo lezempilo.

Ungazifunda kanjani imiphumela yakho yokuhlinzwa kwe-mitral valve?

Impumelelo yakho yokuhlinzwa ilinganiswa ngokuthi inhliziyo yakho isebenza kahle kangakanani ngemva kwenqubo nokuthi izimpawu zakho zithuthuka kangakanani. Udokotela wakho uzosebenzisa izivivinyo eziningana ukuhlola le miphumela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ama-Echocardiograms abonisa ukuthi i-valve yakho entsha noma elungisiwe isebenza kahle kangakanani ngokulinganisa ukugeleza kwegazi nokuhlola ukuvuza. Lezi zivivinyo zizokwenzeka njalo ngemva kokuhlinzwa ukuze kuqashwe inqubekela phambili yakho.

Izimpawu zakho zinikeza ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nempumelelo yokuhlinzwa. Abantu abaningi baqaphela amazinga amandla athuthukisiwe, ukuphefumula okulula, kanye nekhono elingcono lokuzivocavoca ngaphakathi kwamasonto kuya ezinyangeni ngemva kokuhlinzwa.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kusiza ukuqapha impilo yakho yonke yenhliziyo futhi, uma une-valve yomshini, qinisekisa ukuthi imithi yakho yokunciphisa igazi isebenza kahle. Udokotela wakho uzoqapha la mazinga ngokucophelela ukuvimbela izinkinga.

Ukuhlolwa kokubekezelela ukuzivocavoca

Ukwenziwa kokuhlolwa kokubekezelela ukuzivocavoca kungenziwa izinyanga ngemuva kokuhlinzwa ukuze kubonwe ukuthi inhliziyo yakho ikwazi kanjani ukubhekana nomsebenzi owandisiwe. Lokhu kusiza ukuqondisa ukubuyela kwakho emisebenzini ejwayelekile nokuzivocavoca.

Ungayithuthukisa kanjani ukululama kwakho ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kwe-mitral valve?

Ukwelashwa kwakho kwenzeka ngezigaba, kuqala ngokugadwa eduze esibhedlela esigxile ekunakekelweni okukhulu ngosuku lokuqala noma ezimbili ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Ngesikhathi lesi, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha libheka ukusebenza kwenhliziyo yakho futhi liphathe noma yiziphi izidingo eziphuthumayo ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.

Izinhlelo zokuvuselela inhliziyo zingathuthukisa kakhulu ukululama kwakho nemiphumela yesikhathi eside. Lezi zinhlelo eziqondiswayo zikusiza ukuthi wakhe kabusha amandla nokukhuthazela kancane kancane ngenkathi ufunda imikhuba yokuphila enempilo yenhliziyo.

Ukulandela isimiso sakho semithi ngqo njengoba kunqunywe kubalulekile empumelelweni. Uma une-valve yomshini, ama-blood thinners aba yinto edingekayo yokuphila konke ukuvimbela amahlule egazi ayingozi.

Ukuqhubeka komsebenzi kancane kancane kusiza umzimba wakho ukuthi ululame kahle ngenkathi wakha kabusha amandla. Udokotela wakho uzohlinzeka ngemihlahlandlela ethile mayelana nemikhawulo yokuphakamisa, ukushayela, nokubuyela emsebenzini ngokuya ngokululama kwakho komuntu ngamunye.

Ukuqokwa okuvamile kokulandela kuvumela ithimba lakho lezokwelapha ukuthi liqaphe inqubekela phambili yakho futhi libambe noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ekuqaleni. Lokhu kuvakasha kuvame ukuba mancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi njengoba ukululama kwakho kuqhubeka.

Yini umphumela ongcono kakhulu wokuhlinzwa kwe-mitral valve?

Umphumela ongcono kakhulu uhlanganisa ukusebenza okuhle kwe-valve nokuthuthuka okukhulu ekhwalithi yakho yokuphila. Abantu abaningi bathola ukukhululeka okukhulu ezimpawini ezinjengokuphefumula, ukukhathala, nobuhlungu besifuba.

Ukulungiswa noma ukushintshwa okuphumelelayo kufanele kubuyisele ukugeleza kwegazi okujwayelekile ngenhliziyo yakho, kuyivumele ukuthi ipompe ngempumelelo enkulu. Lokhu kuvame ukusho ukuthi ungabuyela emisebenzini okungenzeka ukuthi bekufanele uyikhawulele ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.

Impumelelo yesikhathi eside incike ezintweni eziningi, okuhlanganisa impilo yakho yonke, uhlobo lwenqubo obunayo, nokuthi uyilandela kahle kangakanani uhlelo lwakho lokunakekelwa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Amavalvu alungisiwe avame ukuhlala iminyaka engu-15-20 noma ngaphezulu.

Amavalvu okushintshwa ngomshini angahlala amashumi eminyaka kodwa adinga izinciphisi zegazi zokuphila konke. Amavalvu e-biological angase adinge ukushintshwa ngemuva kweminyaka engu-10-20 kodwa ngokuvamile awadingi izinciphisi zegazi zesikhathi eside.

Imiphumela emihle kakhulu yenzeka lapho abantu begcina izindlela zokuphila ezinempilo yenhliziyo, bethatha imithi njengoba kunqunyiwe, futhi behambisana nokulandelela okuvamile kwezokwelapha kukho konke ukuphila kwabo.

Ziyini izici eziyingozi yezinkinga zokuhlinzwa kwe-mitral valve?

Ubudala nesimo sempilo yonke kuthonya kakhulu ingozi yokuhlinzwa, neziguli ezindala kanye nalezo ezinemibandela yezempilo eminingi ebhekene namathuba aphezulu okuba nezinkinga. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlinzwa okuphumelelayo kungenzeka kakhulu kuwo wonke amaqembu obudala.

Izimo zenhliziyo ezikhona ngaphambili njengokwehluleka kwenhliziyo okukhulu, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kwangaphambilini, noma ezinye izinkinga ze-valve kungakhuphula ukuyinkimbinkimbi kokuhlinzwa. Ithimba lakho lokuhlinzwa lihlolisisisa lezi zici lapho lihlela inqubo yakho.

Isifo samaphaphu, izinkinga zezinso, noma isifo sikashukela kungathinta ukuphulukiswa nokululama. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizothuthukisa ukuphathwa kwalezi zimo ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa ukuze kuncishiswe izingozi.

Ukuhlinzwa okuphuthumayo ngokuvamile kuthwala izingozi eziphakeme kunezinqubo ezihleliwe. Yingakho odokotela bevame ukuncoma ukuhlinzwa ngaphambi kokuba izimpawu zibe zimbi, uma usesimweni esingcono sonke.

Ezinye izici ze-anatomical, njengokuhlinzwa kwesifuba kwangaphambilini noma isakhiwo senhliziyo esingavamile, kungenza inqubo ibe yinselele enkulu. Ukucabanga okuthuthukisiwe kusiza odokotela abahlinzayo ukuthi bahlele lezi zimo.

Ingabe kungcono ukulungisa noma ukushintsha i-mitral valve?

Ukulungisa kuvame ukukhethwa uma kungenzeka ngoba kulondoloza i-valve yakho yemvelo futhi ngokuvamile kunikeza imiphumela engcono yesikhathi eside. Amavalvu alungisiwe ngokuvamile ahlala isikhathi eside futhi agcina umsebenzi ongcono wenhliziyo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Isinqumo sikahlinzayo wakho sincike ezingeni lokulimala kwe-valve yakho kanye nokuthi kulindeleke kangakanani ukuthi kulungiswe ngempumelelo. Ezinye izimo, njengokuba lukhulu kakhulu ukuba ne-calcification noma ukulimala okukhulu kwezicubu, kwenza ukushintshwa kube yindlela engcono.

Izindlela zokulungisa zivame ukuba nezingozi ezincane zokuhlinzwa ngokushesha futhi zingadinga imithi encane yokunciphisa igazi ngemva kwalokho. Lokhu kungasho izinkinga ezimbalwa ezihlobene nemithi esikhathini eside.

Kodwa-ke, ukushintshwa kungase kudingeke uma i-valve yakho ilimele kakhulu noma uma imizamo yokulungisa yangaphambilini yehlulekile. Ama-valve okushintshwa anamuhla anikeza imiphumela emihle kakhulu uma ukulungisa kungenzeki.

Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uzoxoxa ngenketho engcono kakhulu yesimo sakho esithile ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho se-valve, ubudala, indlela yokuphila, nempilo yonke. Umgomo uhlala ukukhetha indlela ekunikeza umphumela ongcono kakhulu wesikhathi eside.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingenzeka zokuhlinzwa kwe-mitral valve?

Njengakho konke ukuhlinzwa okukhulu, izinqubo ze-mitral valve zithwala ezinye izingozi, nakuba izinkinga ezingathi sína zivame ukungajwayelekile ngamaqembu okuhlinzwa anolwazi. Ukuqonda lezi zinto ezingenzeka kukusiza ukuthi wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi futhi uqaphele izimpawu zokuxwayisa.

Ukuphuma igazi ngesikhathi noma ngemva kokuhlinzwa kungenzeka, ngezinye izikhathi kudinga ukumpontshwa kwegazi noma ezinye izinqubo zokulawula. Ithimba lakho lokuhlinzwa liqapha lokhu ngokucophelela futhi linemithetho yokulawula ukuphuma kwegazi ngempumelelo.

Ukutheleleka kumelela enye inkinga engenzeka, kusukela ekuthelelekeni okuncane kwamanxeba kuya ezimweni ezingathi sína ezithinta inhliziyo noma igazi. Ama-antibiotics okuvimbela kanye nezindlela eziyinyumba zinciphisa kakhulu le ngozi.

Isifo sohlangothi noma ezinye izinkinga ze-neurological zingenzeka ngenxa yama-clot egazi noma izinguquko ekuhambeni kwegazi ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lisebenzisa amasu ahlukahlukene ukunciphisa lezi zingozi kuyo yonke inqubo.

Izinkinga zokushaya kwenhliziyo ngezinye izikhathi zenzeka ngemva kokuhlinzwa, nakuba lezi zivame ukulunga njengoba inhliziyo yakho iphola. Abanye abantu bangase badinge ama-pacemaker esikhashana noma unomphela ukuze balawule izinkinga zokushaya.

Izinkinga ezingavamile kodwa ezinzima zihlanganisa ukulimala kwezakhiwo zenhliziyo ezizungezile, ukuvuza kwamavalvu, noma isidingo sokuhlinzwa okwengeziwe. Okuhlangenwe nakho kweqembu lakho lokuhlinza nokuhlela ngokucophelela kusiza ekunciphiseni lezi zingozi.

Kufanele ngibone nini udokotela mayelana nokululama kokuhlinzwa kwe-mitral valve?

Xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nobuhlungu besifuba obuhlukile ekungakhulumeki kwakho okuhlinzwa, ikakhulukazi uma bunzima noma buhambisana nokuphefumula kanzima. Lezi zimpawu zingase zibonise izinkinga ezidinga ukunakwa ngokushesha.

Izimpawu zokutheleleka endaweni yakho yokuhlinzwa zidinga ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo. Qaphela ukwanda kobubomvu, ukufudumala, ukuvuvukala, noma ukuphuma ezicutshini, ikakhulukazi uma kuhambisana nomkhuhlane.

Ukuphefumula kanzima kungazelelwe, ikakhulukazi uma ulele phansi, noma ukuvuvukala emilenzeni yakho nasezinyaweni kungase kubonise izinkinga zokusebenza kwenhliziyo noma ukugcinwa kwamanzi. Lezi zimpawu zidinga ukunakwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Uma unevalvu yomshini, noma yikuphi ukopha okungavamile noma izimpawu zamahlule egazi zidinga ukuhlolwa ngokushesha. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ikhanda elibuhlungu elibuhlungu, izinguquko zombono, noma ukulimala okungavamile.

Unganqikazi ukushayela ithimba lakho lezokwelapha mayelana nanoma yikuphi ukukhathazeka ngesikhathi sokululama. Balindele imibuzo futhi bafuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuphola kwakho kuqhubeka kahle.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana nokuhlinzwa kwe-mitral valve

Q.1 Ingabe ukuhlinzwa kwe-mitral valve kulungile ekuhlulekeni kwenhliziyo?

Yebo, ukuhlinzwa kwe-mitral valve kungathuthukisa kakhulu izimpawu zokuhluleka kwenhliziyo lapho inkinga ye-valve inegalelo esimweni sakho. Ukulungisa i-valve evuzayo noma eminyene ngokuvamile kuvumela inhliziyo yakho ukuba ipompe ngempumelelo futhi kungathuthukisa kakhulu izinga lempilo yakho.

Isikhathi sokuhlinzwa sibaluleke kakhulu ezigulini ezinenhliziyo ebuthakathaka. Ukungenelela ngokushesha, ngaphambi kokuba imisipha yenhliziyo yakho ibe buthakathaka kakhulu, ngokuvamile kuholela emiphumeleni engcono nasekuthuthukisweni okuphelele komsebenzi wenhliziyo.

Q.2 Ingabe ukuhlinzwa komthambo we-mitral kubangela ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile?

Abanye abantu bathuthukisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile ngemva kokuhlinzwa komthambo we-mitral, nakuba lokhu kuvame ukuthuthuka njengoba inhliziyo yakho iphola. Inkinga ejwayelekile yesigqi i-atrial fibrillation, okungase ngezinye izikhathi kulawulwe ngemithi noma ezinye izinqubo.

Ithimba lakho lokuhlinzwa liqapha isigqi senhliziyo yakho ngemva kokuhlinzwa futhi lingelapha noma yiziphi izinkinga zesigqi eziqhamukayo. Izinkinga eziningi zesigqi zesikhashana futhi zixazululwa phakathi kwamasonto kuya ezinyangeni ngemva kokuhlinzwa.

Q.3 Ukuhlinzwa komthambo we-mitral kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani?

Ukuhlinzwa ngokwako kuvame ukuthatha amahora angu-2 kuya kwangu-4, kuye ngobunzima becala lakho nokuthi ngabe uyalungisa noma uyashintsha. Izindlela ezingahlaseli kakhulu zingase zithathe isikhathi eside ngenxa yokunemba okudingekayo.

Isikhathi sakho esiphelele ekamelweni lokuhlinzwa sizoba side, njengoba lokhu kuhlanganisa isikhathi sokulungiselela, i-anesthesia, nokuqapha ngemva kwenqubo ngaphambi kokuthi uyiswe ekululameni.

Q.4 Ngingakwazi yini ukuzivocavoca ngemva kokuhlinzwa komthambo we-mitral?

Abantu abaningi bangakwazi ukubuyela ekuzivocavoceni okuvamile ngemva kokululama ngokugcwele ekuhlinzweni komthambo we-mitral, ngokuvamile ngokubekezelela okungcono ukuzivocavoca kunangaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Udokotela wakho uzohlinzeka ngemihlahlandlela ethile esekelwe ekululameni kwakho ngakunye kanye nohlobo lwenqubo obunayo.

Izinhlelo zokuvuselela inhliziyo zikusiza ukuthi wakhe kabusha amandla akho okuzivocavoca ngokuphepha futhi ufunde amazinga omsebenzi afanele. Abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi bangagcina bezivocavoca ngamandla ngaphezu kwalokho ababengakwazi ukukwenza ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.

Q.5 Ngizodinga yini ama-blood thinners ngemva kokuhlinzwa komthambo we-mitral?

Uma uthola i-valve yomshini, uzodinga imithi yokunciphisa igazi impilo yakho yonke ukuvimbela amahlule egazi ayingozi. Le mithi idinga ukuqapha njalo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isilinganiso esifanele.

Abamukeli be-valve yezicubu ngokuvamile badinga izinciphisi zegazi izinyanga ezimbalwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ngaphandle uma unezinye izimo ezinjenge-atrial fibrillation ezidinga ukuqhubeka nokulwa nokuvuvukala. Udokotela wakho uzoqoka ubude obufanele ngokuya ngesimo sakho esithile.