Kuyini Ukuhlolwa Komdlavuza Womlomo? Inhloso, Amazinga/Inqubo & Umphumela

Ukuhlolwa komdlavuza womlomo kuyisivivinyo esilula, esisheshayo esihlola umlomo wakho, umphimbo, nentamo yakho ukuze kutholwe izimpawu zomdlavuza noma izinguquko ezingase zibe nomdlavuza. Cabanga ngakho njengokubheka okucophelelayo okusiza ukubamba izinkinga zisasekuqaleni lapho ziselapheka kalula. Udokotela wamazinyo noma udokotela wakho usebenzisa izandla zawo namehlo awo ukuhlola izindawo lapho umdlavuza womlomo uvame ukuthuthuka khona, futhi yonke inqubo ivame ukuthatha imizuzu embalwa nje ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwakho okuvamile.

Kuyini ukuhlolwa komdlavuza womlomo?

Ukuhlolwa komdlavuza womlomo kuyisivivinyo sokuvimbela esibheka izimpawu zokuqala zomdlavuza endaweni yakho yomlomo nomphimbo. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uhlola ngokucophelela izindebe zakho, izinsini, ulimi, umphimbo, nangaphakathi kwamathempeli akho ukuze kutholwe noma yiziphi izinguquko ezingavamile.

Ukuhlolwa kugxila ekutholeni izicubu ezingavamile, izilonda ezingelapheki, noma izigaxa ezingabazisayo ngaphambi kokuba zibe izinkinga ezinkulu. Umhlinzeki wakho angase futhi azwe intamo yakho nomhlathi ukuze ahlole ama-lymph nodes avuvukile, okungase ngezinye izikhathi kubonise ukuthi umzimba wakho ulwa nokutheleleka noma ezinye izinkinga.

Lolu hlobo lokuhlolwa alinawo ubuhlungu futhi aluhlaseli. Abantu abaningi abaqapheli nokuthi kwenzeka lapho udokotela wabo wamazinyo ekufaka njengengxenye yokuhlolwa kwamazinyo okuvamile.

Kungani kwenziwa ukuhlolwa komdlavuza womlomo?

Ukuhlolwa komdlavuza womlomo kusiza ukubamba umdlavuza ezigabeni zawo zokuqala lapho ukwelashwa kuphumelela kakhulu. Umdlavuza womlomo wesigaba sokuqala unethemba elingcono kakhulu kunomdlavuza ovunyelwe ukukhula nokusabalala kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho.

Ukuhlolwa kubaluleke kakhulu ngoba umdlavuza womlomo uvame ukuthuthuka ngaphandle kokubangela ubuhlungu noma izimpawu ezisobala ekuqaleni. Ungase ungaziboni izinguquko ezincane emlonyeni wakho ezingaba izimpawu zokuqala zokuxwayisa, kodwa umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uqeqeshwe ukubona lezi zinto ezincane ezihlukile.

Abanye abantu banengozi enkulu yokuthuthukisa umdlavuza womlomo, okuhlanganisa nalabo abasebenzisa ugwayi, baphuza utshwala njalo, noma bevezwe amagciwane athile. Kodwa-ke, umdlavuza womlomo ungathinta noma ubani, yingakho ukuhlolwa okuvamile kuzuzisa wonke umuntu.

Yini inqubo yokuhlolwa komdlavuza womlomo?

Inqubo yokuhlolwa komdlavuza womlomo iqondile futhi inethezekile. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzoqala ngokubuza ngomlando wakho wezempilo, okuhlanganisa noma yiziphi izimpawu oziqaphelile kanye nezinto zokuphila ezingase zithinte ingozi yakho.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okubonakalayo, umhlinzeki wakho uzosebenzisa ukukhanya okuncane futhi mhlawumbe i-tongue depressor ukuze abone kahle zonke izindawo emlonyeni wakho. Bazobheka izindebe zakho, izinsini, ulimi (okuhlanganisa ngaphansi), uphahla kanye naphansi komlomo wakho, kanye nangemuva komphimbo wakho.

Ukuhlolwa komzimba kuhilela umhlinzeki wakho ezwa ngobumnene entanyeni yakho, umhlathi, nendawo yomphimbo ngezandla zabo. Bahlola noma yimaphi ama-lumps, ama-bumps, noma izindawo ezizwa zihlukile kunemisipha ejwayelekile. Le ngxenye yokuhlolwa isiza ukuthola ama-lymph nodes avuvukile noma ezinye izinguquko ezingase zingabonakali.

Uma umhlinzeki wakho ethola noma yini ebukeka ikhathaza, bangase babheke eduze ngokukhanya okukhethekile noma ama-dye enza izicubu ezingavamile zibonakale kalula. Kwezinye izimo, bangase batusa isampula elincane lezicubu (i-biopsy) ukuze bathole impendulo eqinisekile ngalokho abakubonayo.

Ungalungela kanjani ukuhlolwa komdlavuza womlomo?

Ukulungiselela ukuhlolwa komdlavuza womlomo kulula futhi kudinga umzamo omncane kakhulu ngakho. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukususa noma yimaphi amazinyo okwenziwa, amapuleti ayingxenye, noma ezinye izinto zokusebenza zamazinyo ezisuswayo ngaphambi kokuhlolwa ukuze umhlinzeki wakho akwazi ukubona zonke izindawo ngokusobala.

Zama ukugwema ukudla, ukuphuza, noma ukubhema okungenani ihora elilodwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwakho. Lokhu kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umlomo wakho uhlanzekile futhi kwenza kube lula kumhlinzeki wakho ukubona noma yiziphi izinguquko emibaleni yezicubu zakho noma ukuthungwa.

Qaphela noma yiziphi izinguquko oziqaphele emlonyeni wakho muva nje. Lokhu kungabandakanya izilonda ezingelaphekanga, izindawo ezizizwa zihlukile uma uzithinta ngolimi lwakho, noma yikuphi ukuzwa ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo noma ukungakhululeki.

Woza ulungele ukuxoxa ngomlando wakho wezempilo ngobuqotho, okuhlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kukagwayi notshwala, ngoba lezi zinto zingathinta ingozi yakho. Umhlinzeki wakho akakho lapho ukukwahlulela kodwa ukukunikeza ukunakekelwa okungcono kakhulu okusekelwe olwazini oluqondile.

Ungazifunda kanjani imiphumela yakho yokuhlolwa komdlavuza womlomo?

Iningi lokuhlolwa komdlavuza womlomo liholela ekutholakaleni okuvamile ngokuphelele, okusho ukuthi umhlinzeki wakho akabonanga lutho olukhathazayo ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa. Umphumela ojwayelekile ukukunika ukuthula kwengqondo futhi uqinisekisa ukuthi izicubu zomlomo nomphimbo wakho zibukeka zinempilo.

Uma umhlinzeki wakho ethola okuthile okudinga ukunaka okwengeziwe, bazochaza kahle ukuthi babone ini nokuthi kungasho ukuthini. Ukutholakala okuningi okungajwayelekile kuvela ukuthi kuyizimo ezingenangozi njengezilonda ze-canker, izifo, noma ukukhula okungenangozi okungahlobene nomdlavuza nhlobo.

Lapho into ibukeka isolisayo, umhlinzeki wakho angase ancome ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe noma akuqondise ochwepheshe ukuze uthole ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo. Lokhu akusho ngokushesha ukuthi unomdlavuza - kumane kusho ukuthi bafuna ukuba banembile futhi baqinisekise ukuthi uthola ukuxilongwa okulungile.

Into ebalulekile okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi ukuthola okuthile okungajwayelekile kusenesikhathi kukunikeza izinketho ezingcono kakhulu zokwelashwa. Noma ngabe ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo kuveza umdlavuza, ukuwubamba kusenesikhathi ngokuvamile kusho ukwelashwa okulula nemiphumela engcono.

Yiziphi izici eziyingozi zomdlavuza womlomo?

Izici eziningana zingakhuphula amathuba akho okuthola umdlavuza womlomo, yize ukuba nezici eziyingozi akukuqinisekisi ukuthi uzogula. Ukuqonda lezi zici kukusiza ukuthi wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nempilo yakho kanye nohlelo lokuhlolwa.

Izici eziyingozi ezibaluleke kakhulu zihlanganisa:

• Ukusetshenziswa kukagwayi nganoma iyiphi indlela, okuhlanganisa ugwayi, izigaxa zikagwayi, amapayipi, nogwayi ongenantuthu
• Ukuphuza utshwala obuningi, ikakhulukazi uma kuhlangene nokusetshenziswa kukagwayi
• Ukutheleleka nge-human papillomavirus (HPV), ikakhulukazi izinhlobo ezithile
• Ukuvezwa okukhulu elangeni ezindebeni
• Ubudala obungaphezu kweminyaka engama-40, nakuba umdlavuza womlomo ungaqala kunoma iyiphi iminyaka
• Ukuba yindoda, njengoba amadoda ethola umdlavuza womlomo kabili kaningi kunabesifazane
• Ukudla okunganele nokudla okunama-fruit and vegetables amancane
• Umlando womuntu siqu noma womndeni womdlavuza womlomo
• Ukuvuvukala okungapheli emazinyweni aqinile noma amazinyo okwenziwa angalingani kahle

Ezinye izinto ezingavamile eziyingozi zihlanganisa izimo ezithile zofuzo, amasosha omzimba abuthakathaka, kanye nokwelashwa ngemisebe ngaphambilini ekhanda nasentanyeni. Ngisho nabantu abangenazo izinto eziyingozi eziqashelwayo bangathola umdlavuza womlomo, yingakho ukuhlolwa njalo kubalulekile kuwo wonke umuntu.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingaba khona zomdlavuza womlomo ongatholakali?

Lapho umdlavuza womlomo ungatholakali futhi ungelashwa, ungasabalala ezicutshini eziseduze nakwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho. Umdlavuza ungase ukhule emathanjeni akho omhlathi, imisipha yobuso, noma izakhiwo ezinzulu zomphimbo, okwenza ukwelashwa kube nzima kakhulu futhi kungase kuthinte ikhono lakho lokukhuluma, ukudla, noma ukugwinya ngokujwayelekile.

Umdlavuza womlomo othuthukile ungasabalala kuma-lymph nodes entanyeni yakho, futhi usuka lapho uye kwamanye amalungu omzimba wakho. Le nqubo, ebizwa ngokuthi i-metastasis, yenza umdlavuza ube nzima kakhulu ukuwulapha futhi ushintsha kakhulu isimo sakho.

Imiphumela engokomzimba yomdlavuza womlomo othuthukile ingathinta kakhulu izinga lempilo yakho. Ungase uhlangabezane nobuhlungu obuqhubekayo, ubunzima ekudleni ukudla okuthile, izinguquko ekukhulumeni kwakho, noma izinkinga ngokubukeka kwakho okuthinta ukuzethemba kwakho nokuxhumana nomphakathi.

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza womlomo oqhubekayo ngokuvamile kudinga izindlela ezinobudlova obengeziwe, okuhlanganisa ukuhlinzwa okukhulu, ukwelashwa ngemisebe, noma i-chemotherapy. Lokhu kwelashwa kungaba nemiphumela emibi yabo futhi kungase kudingeke isikhathi eside sokululama.

Kufanele ngibone nini udokotela ukuze ngihlolwe umdlavuza womlomo?

Kufanele uhlolwe umdlavuza womlomo njengengxenye yokuhlolwa kwamazinyo kwakho okuvamile, okuvame ukwenzeka njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha. Uma unezici eziyingozi zomdlavuza womlomo, udokotela wamazinyo wakho noma udokotela angase ancome ukuhlolwa okuvamile ukuze aqaphele izinguquko.

Ungalindi ukuqokwa kwakho okulandelayo okuvamile uma uqaphela izinguquko eziqhubekayo emlonyeni wakho. Bonana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngokushesha uma unomkhuhlane ongapholi emasontweni amabili, ikakhulukazi uma ungenabuhlungu.

Ezinye izimpawu zokuxwayisa ezidinga ukunakwa ngokushesha zihlanganisa:

• Izindawo ezimhlophe noma ezibomvu emlonyeni wakho ezinganyamalali
• Iqhuma noma ukujiya esihlathini sakho, ulimi, noma intamo
• Ukuminyana okuqhubekayo noma izinguquko ezwini lakho
• Ukuqina emlonyeni wakho noma olimini
• Ubunzima bokugwinya noma umphimbo obuhlungu oqhubekayo
• Amazinyo axekile ngaphandle kwembangela ecacile
• Umphefumulo omubi oqhubekayo ongathuthuki ngokuhlanzeka komlomo okuhle

Khumbula ukuthi izinkinga eziningi zomlomo aziwona umdlavuza, kodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi kungcono ukuthi izimpawu ezikhathazayo zihlolwe ngokushesha. Ukutholwa kwasekuqaleni kwenza umehluko ekwelashweni okuphumelelayo nasekutholeni.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana nokuhlolwa komdlavuza womlomo

Q.1 Ingabe ukuhlolwa komdlavuza womlomo kulungile ekutholeni umdlavuza womphimbo?

Yebo, ukuhlolwa komdlavuza womlomo kungasiza ekutholeni ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza womphimbo, ikakhulukazi lezo ezithuthuka ngemuva komlomo nendawo engenhla yomphimbo. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, umhlinzeki wakho uhlola izingxenye ezibonakalayo zomphimbo wakho futhi uzwa intamo yakho ukuze athole ama-lymph nodes andisiwe angase abonise umdlavuza womphimbo.

Noma kunjalo, ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza womphimbo zithuthuka zijule ezindaweni ezingabonakali kalula noma zingathinteki ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okuvamile. Uma unezimpawu ezinjengokuminyana okuqhubekayo, ubunzima bokugwinya, noma umuzwa wokuthi kukhona okubambekile emqaleni wakho, ungase udinge ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe okukhethekile ngaphandle kokuhlolwa okuyisisekelo komdlavuza womlomo.

Q.2 Ingabe ukubhema kubangela umdlavuza womlomo ngisho noma ngiyeka eminyakeni edlule?

Ababhemayo ngaphambili banengozi enkulu yomdlavuza womlomo uma kuqhathaniswa nabantu abangazange babheme, kodwa ingozi yakho iyancipha kakhulu ngemva kokuyeka. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ingozi yakho iyaqhubeka nokwehla uma uhlala isikhathi eside ungabhemi, futhi ngemva kweminyaka engaba ngu-10-15, ingozi yakho isondela kulowo ongazange abheme.

Umonakalo ovela ekubhemeni ungathatha iminyaka ukuthi ulungiswe ngokuphelele, yingakho ababhemayo ngaphambili bezuza ekuhlolweni komdlavuza womlomo njalo. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo angasiza ekunqumeni uhlelo olufanele lokuhlolwa olusekelwe ekutheni ubhema isikhathi esingakanani nokuthi ubhema kangakanani, kanye nanoma yiziphi ezinye izici ezingase zibe khona.

Q.3 Ingabe ukuhlolwa komdlavuza womlomo kungathola umdlavuza ezigabeni zawo zokuqala?

Ukuhlolwa komdlavuza womlomo kusebenza kahle kakhulu ekutholeni umdlavuza ezigabeni zokuqala kanye nezinguquko ezingaphambi komdlavuza ngaphambi kokuba zibe izinkinga ezingathi sína. Uma umdlavuza utholakala ezigabeni zawo zokuqala, izinga lempumelelo yokwelashwa liphezulu kakhulu, ngokuvamile lidlula ama-80-90% emdlavuzeni omncane, owenziwe endaweni ethile.

Ukuhlolwa kungakwazi futhi ukukhomba izimo ezingaphambi komdlavuza njenge-leukoplakia noma i-erythroplakia, okuyizinguquko zezicubu ezingase zibe nomdlavuza uma zingelashwa. Ukubamba lezi zimo ekuqaleni kuvumela ukuqapha noma ukwelashwa okungavimbela umdlavuza ukuthi ungathuthuki nhlobo.

Q.4 Ngingahlolelwa kangaki umdlavuza womlomo uma ngingenazo izici eziyingozi?

Uma ungenazo izinto eziyingozi eziqashelwayo zomdlavuza womlomo, ukuhlolwa ngezikhathi zokuhlolwa kwamazinyo njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ngokuvamile kwanele. Ochwepheshe bamazinyo abaningi bahlanganisa ukuhlolwa okuyisisekelo komdlavuza womlomo njengengxenye yokunakekelwa kwamazinyo okuvamile, ngakho ungase usuhlolwa ngaphandle kokukuqaphela.

Noma ngaphandle kwezinto eziyingozi, kufanelekile ukuxoxa ngokuhlolwa komdlavuza womlomo nodokotela wamazinyo noma udokotela wakho, ikakhulukazi njengoba ukhula. Bangakusiza ukuthi uqonde ukuthi yini okufanele uyibheke phakathi kwama-aphoyintimenti futhi ulungise isimiso sakho sokuhlolwa uma kudingeka ngokuya ngesimo sakho sempilo.

Q.5 Kwenzekani uma ukuhlolwa kwami komdlavuza womlomo kuthola okuthile okusolisayo?

Uma ukuhlolwa kwakho kuveza okuthile okudinga ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe, umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzokuchazela ukuthi batholeni futhi bancomela izinyathelo ezilandelayo. Lokhu kungabandakanya ukuthatha isampula elincane lezicubu (i-biopsy) noma ukukuthumela ochwepheshe abanjengodokotela ohlinzayo womlomo noma i-oncologist ukuze kuhlaziywe okwengeziwe.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukuthola okuthile okungavamile akusho ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi unomdlavuza. Izindawo eziningi ezibukeka zisolisa ziba yizifo, ukukhula okungenabungozi, noma ezinye izimo ezingezona ezinomdlavuza. Kodwa-ke, ukuthola ukuxilongwa okuqinisekile kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukwelashwa okufanele uma kudingeka futhi kunikeza ukuthula kwengqondo uma okutholakele kungalimazi.