Yini i-Polysomnography? Inhloso, Inqubo & Nemiphumela

I-Polysomnography iyisifundo sokulala esibanzi esiqapha amaza obuchopho bakho, ukuphefumula, nokunyakaza komzimba wakho ngenkathi ulele. Cabanga ngayo njengerekhodi elinemininingwane lobusuku obubodwa elisiza odokotela ukuthi baqonde ukuthi kwenzekani emzimbeni wakho ngesikhathi sokulala. Lolu vivinyo olungenabuhlungu lwenzeka e-lab yokulala enethezekile, efana nehhotela lapho ochwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe bekuqapha khona ubusuku bonke.

Yini i-polysomnography?

I-Polysomnography iyisivivinyo esijwayelekile sokuxilonga izifo zokulala. Ngesikhathi salolu cwaningo lwasebusuku, izinzwa eziningi zinamathiselwa ngobumnene emzimbeni wakho ukuze zirekhode izimpawu ezihlukahlukene ze-biological ngenkathi ulele ngokwemvelo. Lolu vivinyo lulandelela yonke into kusukela emsebenzini wobuchopho bakho nokunyakaza kwamehlo kuya esilinganisweni senhliziyo yakho nokungezwani kwemisipha.

Igama elithi

Umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo angase futhi a-ode leli test uma unokukhwehlela okukhulu, ukuphefumula ngamandla ngesikhathi sokulala, noma uma umlingani wakho eqaphela ukuthi uyeka ukuphefumula ebusuku. Lezi zimpawu zingabonisa izifo zokulala ezingathi sína ezithinta impilo yakho yonke nokuphila kahle.

Yini inqubo ye-polysomnography?

Ucwaningo lokulala luqala kusihlwa lapho ufika esikhungweni sokulala. Uzokwethulwa ekamelweni lakho eliyimfihlo, elibukeka njengekamelo lehhotela elinombhede ovamile, ithelevishini, nendlu yokugezela. Uchwepheshe uzochaza yonke inqubo futhi aphendule noma yimiphi imibuzo ongase ube nayo.

Okulandelayo, uchwepheshe uzonamathisela izinzwa ezihlukahlukene emzimbeni wakho esebenzisa i-adhesive yezokwelapha ethambile esikhumbeni sakho. Lezi zinzwa zizoqapha izici ezihlukene zokulala kwakho ubusuku bonke. Inqubo yokunamathisela ithatha imizuzu engaba ngu-30 kuya ku-45, futhi ngenkathi ingase izizwe ingajwayelekile ekuqaleni, abantu abaningi bazivumela ngokushesha.

Nakhu okubhekwayo ngesikhathi socwaningo lwakho lokulala:

• Amagagasi obuchopho ngokusebenzisa ama-electrode abekwe ekhanda lakho
• Ukuhamba kwamehlo ngezinzwa eziseduze namehlo akho
• Umsebenzi wemisipha usebenzisa ama-electrode esihlathini sakho nasemilenzeni yakho
• Isigqi senhliziyo ngokusebenzisa ama-electrode esifubeni
• Amaphethini okuphefumula ngamabhande azungeze isifuba sakho nesisu sakho
• Amazinga omoya-mpilo usebenzisa inzwa encane emunweni wakho
• Ukugeleza komoya ngezinzwa eziseduze nekhala lakho nomlomo wakho

Uma zonke izinzwa sezikhona, ungaphumula, ubuke i-TV, noma ufunde kuze kube isikhathi sakho sokulala esivamile. Uchwepheshe ukuqapha ekamelweni elihlukile ubusuku bonke, ngakho-ke uzoba nobumfihlo ngenkathi usaqashelwa ngokuphepha.

Ekupheleni kwemini, uchwepheshe uzosusa zonke izinzwa futhi uzokhululeka ukuthi uhambe uye ekhaya. Okuhlangenwe nakho konke kuvame ukuthatha kusukela cishe ngo-8 PM kuya ku-6 AM, nakuba izikhathi eziqondile zingahluka ngokuya ngeshejuli yakho yokulala kanye nemithetho yelabhorethri.

Ungalungiselela kanjani i-polysomnography yakho?

Ukulungiselela ucwaningo lwakho lokulala kulula, kodwa ukulandela izinyathelo ezimbalwa ezilula kungasiza ekuqinisekiseni imiphumela engcono kakhulu. Umgomo wakho ukufika elabhorethri ulungele ukulala ngendlela engokwemvelo ngangokunokwenzeka. Izikhungo eziningi zokulala zizokunikeza imiyalelo enemininingwane lapho uhlela i-aphoyintimenti yakho.

Ngosuku lokufunda kwakho, zama ukugcina umkhuba wakho ojwayelekile ngangokunokwenzeka. Gwema ukulala emini, ngoba lokhu kungenza kube nzima ukuwela ebuthongweni ebusuku endaweni engajwayelekile. Uma uvame ukuzivocavoca, umsebenzi olula kulungile, kodwa gwema ukuzivocavoca okukhulu eduze nesikhathi sokulala.

Nawa amanye amanyathelo abalulekile okulungiselela okufanele uwalandele:

• Geza izinwele zakho nge-shampoo ejwayelekile futhi ugweme ukusebenzisa i-conditioner, amafutha, noma imikhiqizo yokwenza izinwele
• Susa i-nail polish okungenani kumunwe owodwa we-oxygen sensor
• Letha ama-pajamas noma izembatho zokulala ezinethezekile
• Pakisha imithi yakho ejwayelekile futhi uyithathe njengoba kunqunyiwe
• Gwema i-caffeine ngemuva kuka-2 PM ngosuku lokufunda kwakho
• Ungaphuzi utshwala ngosuku lokuhlolwa kwakho
• Letha noma yiziphi izinto ezikusiza ukuthi ulale, njengomcamelo owuthandayo noma incwadi

Yazisa udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo, okuhlanganisa nezinsiza zokulala ezingathengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kadokotela. Eminye imithi ingathinta amaphethini akho okulala nemiphumela yokuhlolwa. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzokweluleka ukuthi ngabe kufanele uqhubeke noma uyeke okwesikhashana noma yimiphi imithi ngaphambi kokufunda.

Ungayifunda kanjani imiphumela yakho ye-polysomnography?

Imiphumela yakho yokufunda yokulala iza ngesimo sombiko onemininingwane ozoxoxwa udokotela wakho nawe. Umbiko uhlanganisa izilinganiso zezigaba zakho zokulala, amaphethini okuphefumula, nanoma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka okwenzeka ebusuku. Ukuqonda le miphumela kusiza udokotela wakho ukuthi anqume ukuthi ngabe unesifo sokulala nokuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okungasiza.

Enye yezilinganiso ezibaluleke kakhulu yi-Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI), ebala ukuthi liphindze kangaki ngehora ukuphefumula kwakho kuyayeka noma kube ngaphezulu. I-AHI engaphansi kuka-5 ithathwa njengejwayelekile, kanti u-5-15 ukhombisa i-sleep apnea elula, u-15-30 uphakathi, futhi ngaphezu kuka-30 yi-sleep apnea enzima.

Umbiko futhi ukhombisa ukuthi uchithe isikhathi esingakanani esigabeni ngasinye sokulala. Ukulala okuvamile kufaka ukulala okulula, ukulala okujulile, kanye ne-REM (ukuhamba kwamehlo ngokushesha) ukulala. Udokotela wakho uzobheka ukuthi ngabe uthola okwanele esigabeni ngasinye nokuthi ngabe zikhona yini izindlela ezingajwayelekile noma ukuphazamiseka.

Ezinye izilinganiso ezibalulekile zifaka amazinga akho omoya-mpilo ebusuku bonke, ukunyakaza komlenze, kanye nezinguquko zesigqi senhliziyo. Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela ukuthi ngamunye ngamunye uthini ngempilo yakho futhi axoxe ngezinketho zokwelashwa uma kutholakala izinkinga.

Ungayithuthukisa kanjani ikhwalithi yakho yokulala ngemuva kwe-polysomnography?

Uma ucwaningo lwakho lokulala lubonisa imiphumela ejwayelekile, ungaqhubeka nokugxila emikhubeni ejwayelekile yokuhlanzeka kokulala ukuze ugcine ikhwalithi enhle yokulala. Kwesinye isikhathi abantu banokukhala ngokulala ngisho nalapho ucwaningo lwabo lwasebusuku lubonakala luvamile. Udokotela wakho angase ancome ukugcina idayari yokulala noma azame imikhuba ehlukene yokulala ukuze abone ukuthi yini esizayo.

Kulabo abatholwe beno-sleep apnea, i-CPAP (i-continuous positive airway pressure) therapy ivame ukuba yindlela yokwelapha esebenza kahle kakhulu. Lokhu kuhilela ukugqoka imaski exhunywe emshinini ohlinzeka ngomoya omnene wokugcina izindlela zakho zomoya zivulekile. Ngenkathi kuthatha isikhathi ukujwayela, abantu abaningi bazizwa bengcono kakhulu uma sebeqhelelene ne-CPAP therapy.

Nawa amasu ajwayelekile angathuthukisa ikhwalithi yokulala kubantu abaningi:

• Namathisela esimisweni sokulala esiqhubekayo, ngisho nangezimpelasonto
• Dala umkhuba wokulala okhululekile
• Gcina igumbi lakho lokulala lipholile, limnyama, futhi lithule
• Gwema izikrini okungenani ihora ngaphambi kokulala
• Nciphisa i-caffeine notshwala, ikakhulukazi kusihlwa
• Zivocavoce njalo, kodwa hhayi eduze kakhulu nesikhathi sokulala
• Cabangela amasu okuphumula njengokuphefumula okujulile noma ukuzindla

Udokotela wakho uzosebenza nawe ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lokwelapha olwenzelwe wena ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yakho ethile. Lokhu kungabandakanya izinguquko zendlela yokuphila, amadivayisi ezokwelapha, imithi, noma ukudluliselwa kochwepheshe abanganikeza ukwesekwa okwengeziwe.

Yiziphi izici eziyingozi zokudinga i-polysomnography?

Ezinye izici zikwenza ukwazi ukuthuthukisa izifo zokulala ezidinga ukuhlolwa ngocwaningo lokulala. Ubudala buyisici esisodwa esibalulekile, njengoba i-sleep apnea iba yinto evamile njengoba sikhula. Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile nakho kwandisa ingozi yakho, njengoba izicubu ezengeziwe ezizungeze intamo zingavimba imigudu yomoya ngesikhathi sokulala.

Umlando womndeni nawo udlala indima. Uma abazali bakho noma izingane zakini benayo i-sleep apnea noma ezinye izifo zokulala, ungase ube sengozini enkulu. Amadoda maningi amathuba okuthi athuthukise i-sleep apnea kunabesifazane, nakuba ingozi yabesifazane ikhuphuka ngemva kokuyeka ukuya esikhathini.

Izimo eziningana zezokwelapha zingakhuphula amathuba akho okudinga ucwaningo lokulala:

• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu okunzima ukuwulawula
• Isifo senhliziyo noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile
• Isifo sikashukela noma i-prediabetes
• Isifo sohlangothi noma umlando wesifo sohlangothi
• Amathoni andisiwe noma umjikelezo wentamo oqinile
• Ukuvaleka kwamakhala noma izinkinga zokuphefumula
• Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi yokuthulisa noma yokuphumuza imisipha

Izici zendlela yokuphila nazo zingaba nomthelela ezinkingeni zokulala. Ukubhema kucasula imigudu yomoya futhi kungaqinisa i-sleep apnea. Utshwala buphumuza imisipha yomphimbo, okungaholela ezinkingeni zokuphefumula ngesikhathi sokulala. Umsebenzi wokushintsha noma amashejuli okulala angajwayelekile angaphazamisa amaphethini akho okulala emvelo.

Ziziphi izinkinga ezingase zibe khona zezifo zokulala ezingelashwa?

Ukunganaki izifo zokulala kungaba nemiphumela emibi empilweni yakho nasempilweni yakho yansuku zonke. I-Sleep apnea, ikakhulukazi, ibeka ingcindezi ohlelweni lwakho lwe-cardiovascular futhi ingaholela ekunyukeni kwegazi, isifo senhliziyo, kanye nokwanda kwengozi yokushaywa unhlangothi. Ukwehla okuphindaphindiwe kwamazinga omoya-mpilo ngesikhathi sokulala kungalimaza izitho zakho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Izifo zokulala ezingelashwa nazo zithinta impilo yakho yengqondo nokusebenza kwengqondo. Ikhwalithi yokulala embi ingaholela ekucindezelekeni, ukukhathazeka, nobunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo. Ungase ukuthole kunzima ukukhumbula izinto noma ukwenza izinqumo emini. Lokhu kungathinta ukusebenza kwakho emsebenzini kanye nobuhlobo bakho.

Nazi ezinye izinkinga ezingaba khona zezifo zokulala ezingelashwa:

• Ukwanda kwengozi yezingozi zezimoto ngenxa yokulala emini
• Ukunyuka kwegazi kanye nezinkinga zenhliziyo
• Ukuzuza isisindo nobunzima bokulahlekelwa isisindo
• Ubuthakathaka besistimu yokuzivikela komzimba
• Ushintsho lwemizwa nokucasuka
• Izinkinga zobudlelwano ngenxa yokukhwehlela noma ukuphazamiseka kokulala
• Ukwanda kwengozi yesifo sikashukela

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi izifo eziningi zokulala ziyelapheka kakhulu uma sezitholakele kahle. Ukwelashwa kwasekuqaleni kungavimbela lezi zinkinga futhi kuthuthukise kakhulu izinga lempilo yakho. Abantu abaningi bamangala ukuthi bazizwa kangcono kangakanani ngemva kokubhekana nezinkinga zabo zokulala.

Kufanele ngibone nini udokotela ngezinkinga zokulala?

Kufanele ucabangele ukubona udokotela uma uzizwa ukhathele njalo emini naphezu kokuthola okubonakala sengathi ukulala okwanele. Uma uzithola ulala ngesikhathi semisebenzi ethule njengokufunda noma ukubukela i-TV, lokhu kungase kubonise isifo sokulala. Ukukhwehlela okukhulu, ikakhulukazi uma kuhambisana nokuphefumula noma imisindo yokuminyanisa, enye uphawu olubalulekile lokuxwayisa.

Naka ukuthi umlingani wakho wokulala ukutshelani ngendlela yakho yokuziphatha ebusuku. Uma beqaphela ukuthi uyeka ukuphefumula, wenza ukunyakaza okungajwayelekile, noma ubonakala ungaphumuli ebusuku, lokhu kuqaphela kungahlinzeka ngemikhondo ebalulekile mayelana nezinkinga zokulala ezingase zibe khona.

Nawa amanye amasignali aqondile adinga ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha:

• Ukozela okukhulu emini okuphazamisa imisebenzi yansuku zonke
• Ukukhwehlela okukhulu ngezikhathi zokuthula okulandelwa ukukhwehlela
• Iziqephu zokuyeka ukuphefumula ngesikhathi sokulala
• Ukuvuka ebusuku njalo
• Ikhanda ekuseni noma umlomo owomile
• Ubunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo noma izinkinga zenkumbulo
• Ukuziphatha okungajwayelekile ngesikhathi sokulala njengokuhamba ulele noma ukukhuluma

Ungalindi uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu njalo. Izinkinga zokulala zingathinta kakhulu impilo yakho kanye nekhwalithi yempilo, kodwa futhi ziyelapheka kakhulu. Udokotela wakho wokunakekela okuyisisekelo angahlola izimpawu zakho futhi akuqondise kuchwepheshe wokulala uma kudingeka.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana ne-polysomnography

Q.1 Ingabe ukuhlolwa kwe-polysomnography kulungile ekuxilongeni i-sleep apnea?

Yebo, i-polysomnography iyindlela yokuhlolwa yegolide yokuxilonga i-sleep apnea. Lolu cwaningo olubanzi lwasebusuku lungathola ngokunembile lapho ukuphefumula kwakho kuyeka noma kuba ngaphezulu ngesikhathi sokulala, lilinganise ukuthi lezi ziqephu zihlala isikhathi esingakanani, futhi linqume ubunzima bazo. Ukuhlolwa kunikeza imininingwane enemininingwane mayelana namazinga akho omoya-mpilo, izigaba zokulala, nezinye izici ezisiza odokotela ukuthi benze ukuxilongwa okunembile.

Ucwaningo luthembeke kakhulu kunezivivinyo zokulala zasekhaya noma imibuzo yodwa. Lungahlukanisa phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-sleep apnea futhi likhombe ezinye izinkinga zokulala ezingase zibangele izimpawu zakho. Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezinjengokukhwehlela okukhulu, ukukhathala emini, noma ukuphazamiseka kokuphefumula okubonwayo, i-polysomnography inganquma ngokuqinisekile ukuthi i-sleep apnea iyimbangela.

Umbuzo 2: Ingabe ukuba nemiphumela engavamile ye-polysomnography kusho ukuthi ngempela nginesifo sokulala?

Akudingekile. Nakuba imiphumela engavamile ivame ukukhombisa isifo sokulala, udokotela wakho uzoqonda imiphumela ngokuya ngezimpawu zakho nomlando wezokwelapha. Ngezinye izikhathi abantu baba nokungavamile okuncane ekuhlolweni kwabo ukulala kodwa ababi nezimpawu ezibalulekile noma izinkinga zempilo.

Udokotela wakho uzocabangela izinto ezinjengokuthi imiphumela ihambisana kanjani nezimpawu zakho zasemini, impilo yonke, kanye nekhwalithi yempilo. Bangase batusa ukwelashwa kokungavamile okuthile ngenkathi beqapha okunye ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Umgomo uwukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yakho yokulala nempilo yonke, hhayi nje ukwelapha imiphumela yokuhlolwa.

Umbuzo 3: Ngingakwazi yini ukuthatha imithi yami ejwayelekile ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kokulala?

Ezimweni eziningi, yebo, kufanele uqhubeke nokuthatha imithi yakho ejwayelekile ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kokulala. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukwazisa udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo, okuhlanganisa nemithi etholakala ngaphandle kwe-oda kanye nezithasiselo. Eminye imithi ingathinta amaphethini okulala nemiphumela yokuhlolwa.

Udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuthi uyeke okwesikhashana imithi ethile yokulala noma ama-sedatives ngaphambi kokuhlolwa ukuze uthole imiphumela enembile. Bazohlinzeka ngemiyalelo ethile mayelana nokuthi iyiphi imithi okufanele uyiqhubeke nokuyigwema. Ungalokothi uyeke imithi ebekiwe ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho kuqala.

Umbuzo 4: Ngizokwazi yini ukulala ngokujwayelekile ngesikhathi se-polysomnography?

Abantu abaningi bakhathazeka ngokuthi ngeke bakwazi ukulala ngazo zonke izinzwa ezinamathiselwe, kodwa iziguli eziningi ziyalala futhi zithole imiphumela enengqondo. Izinzwa zenzelwe ukuba zikhululeke ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi imvelo yaselebhu yokulala yenzelwe ukuzizwa ikhululekile futhi inobungane.

Noma ungalali kahle njengoba uvame ukwenza, noma uma ulala isikhathi esincane kunokujwayelekile, ucwaningo lunganikeza ulwazi olubalulekile. Ochwepheshe bokulala banekhono lokuthola idatha ewusizo ngisho nalapho iziguli zinenkinga yokulala. Uma ungalali ngokwanele ukuze uthole ucwaningo olugcwele, kungase kudingeke ukuthi ubuye kwenye enye ubusuku, kodwa lokhu akuvamile.

Q.5 Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthola imiphumela ye-polysomnography?

Ngokuvamile ungalindela ukuthola imiphumela yakho yocwaningo lokulala phakathi nesonto elilodwa kuya kwamabili. Idatha eluhlaza evela ocwaningweni lwakho idinga ukuhlaziywa ngokucophelela nguchwepheshe wokulala, ozobukeza zonke izilinganiso futhi alungiselele umbiko onemininingwane. Lokhu kuhlaziywa kuthatha isikhathi ngoba kunolwazi oluningi okufanele lucutshungulwe ocwaningweni lwakho lwasebusuku.

Udkt wakho ngokuvamile uzohlela ukuqokwa okulandelayo ukuze axoxe ngemiphumela nawe ngemininingwane. Ngesikhathi salokhu kuvakasha, bazochaza ukuthi yini okutholakele okusho, baphendule imibuzo yakho, futhi baxoxe ngezinketho zokwelapha uma kudingeka. Uma imiphumela yakho ikhombisa isimo esibi esidinga ukunakwa ngokushesha, udokotela wakho angase akuthinte ngokushesha.