Kuyini Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Sleeve Gastrectomy? Inhloso, Inqubo & Imiphumela

I-Sleeve gastrectomy ukuhlinzwa kokunciphisa isisindo lapho odokotela besusa cishe u-80% wesisu sakho, beshiya ngemuva ishubhu elincane noma "i-sleeve" elicishe libe nobukhulu be-banana. Le nqubo ikusiza ukuthi ulahlekelwe isisindo ngokunciphisa kakhulu ukuthi ungakudla okungakanani ngesikhathi esisodwa nangokushintsha ama-hormone alawula indlala noshukela wegazi.

Lokhu kuhlinzwa sekube ngomunye wemikhuba yokunciphisa isisindo ethandwa kakhulu ngoba iyasebenza, iqonde ngqo, futhi ayidingi ukushintsha amathumbu akho njengokunye ukuhlinzwa kwe-bariatric. Abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi kuyabasiza ukuthi bathole ukulahlekelwa isisindo okukhulu, okuhlala isikhathi eside lapho ezinye izindlela zingasebenzanga.

Yini i-sleeve gastrectomy?

I-Sleeve gastrectomy yinqubo yokuhlinzwa esusa unomphela ingxenye enkulu yesisu sakho ukusiza ukunciphisa isisindo. Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, udokotela ohlinzayo ususa i-curve yangaphandle yesisu sakho, okuyilapho iningi lamandla okwelula esiswini livela khona.

Okusele yisisu esincane, esinomumo weshubhu esibamba ukudla okuncane kakhulu kunakuqala. Cabanga ngayo njengokuguqula ibhaluni elikhulu libe yishubhu elincane. Lesi siswana esincane sigcwala ngokushesha, ngakho uzizwa ugcwele ngemva kokudla ukudla okuncane nje.

Ukuhlinzwa futhi kususa ingxenye yesisu sakho ekhiqiza i-ghrelin, i-hormone ekwenza uzizwe ulambile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi cishe uzothola indlala encane kunaleyo obuyithola ngaphambi kwenqubo, okungenza kube lula ukunamathela ezingxenyeni ezincane.

Kungani kwenziwa i-sleeve gastrectomy?

Odokotela batusa i-sleeve gastrectomy kubantu abakhuluphele kakhulu abangakwazanga ukulahlekelwa isisindo ngokudla, ukuzivocavoca, nezinye izindlela ezingahlinzi. Ngokuvamile kucatshangelwa uma inkomba yakho yobuningi bomzimba (BMI) ingu-40 noma ngaphezulu, noma 35 noma ngaphezulu uma unezimo zempilo ezinzima ezihlobene nesisindo sakho.

Ukuhlinzwa kungasiza ekwelapheni noma ekuthuthukiseni izinkinga eziningi zempilo ezihlobene nesisindo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, umfutho wegazi ophezulu, i-sleep apnea, nezinkinga zamalunga. Abantu abaningi babona nokuthuthuka emazingeni abo e-cholesterol kanye nokuncipha kwengozi yesifo senhliziyo.

Ngaphandle kwezinzuzo zomzimba, i-sleeve gastrectomy ingathuthukisa kakhulu izinga lempilo. Abantu bavame ukubika ukuzizwa benamandla amaningi, benethemba, futhi bakwazi ukuhlanganyela emisebenzini ababengakwazi ukuyenza ngaphambili. Izinzuzo zengqondo zokufeza ukulahlekelwa isisindo okuqhubekayo zingabaluleka njengezomzimba.

Yini inqubo ye-sleeve gastrectomy?

I-Sleeve gastrectomy ivame ukwenziwa kusetshenziswa izindlela ze-laparoscopic ezingahlaseli kakhulu. Udokotela ohlinzayo wenza ukusikeka okuncane okumbalwa esiswini sakho futhi usebenzisa ikhamera encane kanye namathuluzi akhethekile ukuze enze ukuhlinzwa.

Inqubo ngokuvamile ithatha amahora angu-1 kuya kwangu-2 futhi ilandela lezi zinyathelo eziyinhloko:

1. Uzothola i-anesthesia ejwayelekile ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ulele ngokuphelele ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa
2. Udokotela ohlinzayo wenza ukusikeka okuncane okungu-4-6 esiswini sakho, ngakunye okungaba nguhhafu ngosayizi
3. I-laparoscope (ikhamera encane) ifakwa ukuze iqondise ukuhlinzwa
4. Amadivaysi akhethekile okubeka izinto zokubopha asetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa nokususa cishe u-80% wesisu sakho
5. Ingxenye esusiwe ikhishwa ngokusikeka okuncane
6. Isisu esisele sihlolelwa ukuvuza futhi ukusikeka kuvalwa

Abantu abaningi bahlala esibhedlela izinsuku ezingu-1-2 ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Ukusikeka okuncane ngokuvamile kululama ngokushesha kune-surgery evulekile yendabuko, ngobuhlungu obuncane nokulimala.

Ungalungela kanjani i-sleeve gastrectomy yakho?

Ukulungiselela i-sleeve gastrectomy kuhilela izinyathelo eziningana ezibalulekile emasontweni nasezinyangeni ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizokuqondisa ngenqubo yokulungiselela ebanzi ukuze kuqinisekiswe umphumela ongcono kakhulu.

Uhambo lwakho lokulungiselela ngokuvamile luhlanganisa lezi zinto ezibalulekile:

• Ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwezokwelapha okuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa kwegazi, ukuhlolwa komsebenzi wenhliziyo, nokuhlolwa kokudla okunomsoco
• Hlangana nodokotela wezokudla ukuze ufunde ngemikhuba yokudla ngemva kokuhlinzwa
• Hambela ukwelulekwa kwengqondo ukulungiselela izinguquko zokuphila ezizayo
• Landela ukudla kwangaphambi kokuhlinzwa amasonto angu-1-2 ukuze unciphise isibindi sakho futhi unciphise izingozi zokuhlinzwa
• Yeka ukubhema okungenani amasonto angu-6 ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa uma ungumbhemi
• Lungisa imithi ethile njengoba uqondiswa udokotela wakho
• Lungiselela usizo ekhaya ngesikhathi sokululama kwakho

Udokotela wakho angase futhi ancome ukunciphisa isisindo ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa uma kungenzeka. Lokhu kungenza inqubo iphephe futhi kungase kuthuthukise imiphumela yakho. Ukudla kwangaphambi kokuhlinzwa kuvame ukuba nephansi ngamakhalori kanye nama-carbohydrate ukusiza ukulungiselela umzimba wakho izinguquko ezizayo.

Ungawafunda kanjani imiphumela yakho ye-sleeve gastrectomy?

Impumelelo ngemva kwe-sleeve gastrectomy ilinganiswa ngezindlela eziningana, ukulahlekelwa isisindo kuyinto esobala kakhulu kodwa hhayi yona kuphela into ebalulekile. Abantu abaningi balahlekelwa yi-50-70% yesisindo sabo eseqile phakathi neminyaka emibili yokuqala ngemva kokuhlinzwa.

Nakhu ukuthi intuthuko enempilo ivame ukubukeka kanjani:

• Ukulahlekelwa isisindo okuqhubekayo kwama-1-2 amaphawundi ngesonto ezinyangeni ezimbalwa zokuqala
• Ukuthuthukiswa kwezimo zempilo ezihlobene nesisindo njengesifo sikashukela noma umfutho wegazi ophezulu
• Ukwanda kwamandla nekhono lokuba nomsebenzi omningi ngokomzimba
• Ikhwalithi yokulala engcono kanye nezimpawu ze-sleep apnea ezincishisiwe
• Ukuhamba okungcono kanye nobuhlungu obuncishisiwe emalungeni
• Amanani angcono elebhu okuhlanganisa ushukela wegazi, i-cholesterol, nezimpawu zokuvuvukala

Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizogada intuthuko yakho ngokuqokwa okuvamile kokulandela. Bazolandela hhayi nje ukulahlekelwa kwakho isisindo kodwa futhi nesimo sakho sokudla okunomsoco, amazinga kavithamini, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwempilo iyonke. Khumbula ukuthi uhambo lomuntu ngamunye luhlukile, futhi ukuziqhathanisa nabanye akusizi.

Ungawathuthukisa kanjani imiphumela yakho ye-sleeve gastrectomy?

Ukuthola imiphumela engcono kakhulu ku-sleeve gastrectomy yakho kudinga ukuzibophezela ekushintsheni indlela yokuphila yesikhathi eside. Ukuhlinzwa kuyithuluzi elinamandla, kodwa izinqumo zakho zansuku zonke zinquma ukuthi uzophumelela kangakanani ekuhambeni kwesikhathi.

Ukulandela lezi ziqondiso kungakusiza ukuthi ufinyelele futhi ugcine imigomo yakho yokulahlekelwa isisindo:

• Yidla amaprotheni kuqala kukho konke ukudla ukuze ugcine imisipha futhi ukhuthaze ukuphola
• Thatha ukulunywa okuncane futhi uhlafune kahle ukuvimbela ukuphatheka kabi
• Yeka ukudla uma uzizwa ugcwele, ngisho noma ukudla kusepuleni lakho
• Phuza amanzi phakathi kokudla, hhayi ngesikhathi sokudla, ukuze ugweme ukugcwala isisu sakho esincane
• Thatha izithasiselo zamavithamini ezinqunyiwe nsuku zonke ukuvimbela ukuntuleka kokudla okunomsoco
• Zivocavoce njalo, uqale ngokuhamba futhi wandise kancane kancane amandla
• Hambela wonke ama-aphoyintimenti okulandelayo nethimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo

Ukwakha imikhuba enempilo kuthatha isikhathi, ngakho-ke zibekezelele njengoba uzivumelanisa. Abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi ukusebenza nodokotela oqeqeshiwe wokudla kanye nokujoyina amaqembu okusekela kubasiza ukuthi bahlale emgwaqeni ngendlela yabo entsha yokuphila.

Ziyini izici eziyingozi zezinkinga ze-sleeve gastrectomy?

Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa okukhulu, i-sleeve gastrectomy inezinye izingozi, nakuba izinkinga ezingathi sína zingavamile uma zenziwa odokotela abahlinzayo abanolwazi. Ukuqonda lezi zingozi kukusiza ukuthi wenze isinqumo esinolwazi mayelana nokuthi ukuhlinzwa kulungile yini kuwe.

Izici eziningana zingakhuphula ingozi yakho yezinkinga:

• I-BMI ephezulu kakhulu (ngaphezu kwama-50) noma ukukhuluphala ngokweqile
• Ukuhlinzwa kwesisu kwangaphambilini okungenzeka ukuthi kubangele izicubu ezinamanxeba
• Ukubhema, okuphazamisa ukuphola futhi kwandise ingozi yokutheleleka
• Isifo sikashukela noma ezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezingapheli
• I-Sleep apnea noma ezinye izinkinga zokuphefumula
• Isifo senhliziyo noma izifo zokujiya kwegazi
• Ubudala obungaphezu kweminyaka engama-65, nakuba ukuhlinzwa kusekungenzeka kuphephile ngokuhlola okufanele

Iqembu lakho labahlinzeki lizohlola ngokucophelela lezi zinto ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwakho ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Bangase batusa ukubhekana nezinkinga ezithile, njengokuyeka ukubhema noma ukulawula kahle isifo sikashukela, ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nokuhlinzwa.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingase zibe khona ze-sleeve gastrectomy?

Ngenkathi i-sleeve gastrectomy ivikelekile ngokuvamile, kubalulekile ukuqonda izinkinga ezingaba khona ukuze ukwazi ukubona izimpawu zokuxwayisa futhi ufune usizo uma kudingeka. Abantu abaningi ababi nazinkinga ezinkulu, kodwa ukwaziswa kukusiza ukuthi wenze izinqumo ezingcono kakhulu mayelana nokunakekelwa kwakho.

Izinkinga zakuqala ezingenzeka emasontweni ambalwa okuqala zihlanganisa:

• Ukuphuma igazi endaweni yokuhlinzwa, okungase kudingeke ukwelashwa okwengeziwe
• Ukutheleleka ezindaweni zokuhlinzwa noma ngaphakathi kwesisu
• Ukuvuza emgqeni we-staple lapho isisu sakho sasigundiwe futhi savalwa khona
• Amaqhubu egazi emilenzeni noma emaphashini, yingakho ukunyakaza kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kukhuthazwa
• Ukuphendula okungalungile ku-anesthesia, nakuba lokhu kungavamile

Izinkinga zesikhathi eside azivamile kodwa zingahlanganisa:

• Ukuncipha noma ukuncipha kwe-sleeve yesisu okungase kudingeke izinqubo zokwelula
• Isifo se-Gastroesophageal reflux (GERD) noma ukwanda kwe-reflux ekhona
• Ukuntuleka kokudla okunomsoco uma ungasithathi izithasiselo ngokuqhubekayo
• Amathambo e-gall ngenxa yokulahlekelwa isisindo ngokushesha
• Isikhumba esixekile esingase sidinge ukuhlinzwa kwepulasitiki

Izinkinga eziningi zingelashwa ngempumelelo uma zitholwe ngokushesha. Yingakho ukulandela iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo njalo kubaluleke kakhulu empumelelweni yakho yesikhathi eside nempilo.

Kufanele ngibone nini udokotela ngemva kwe-sleeve gastrectomy?

Ukunakekelwa okulandelayo okuvamile kubalulekile ngemva kwe-sleeve gastrectomy, kodwa kufanele futhi wazi ukuthi kufanele ufune nini ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Ithimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lizohlela ama-aphoyintimenti avamile, kodwa izimpawu ezithile zidinga ukuhlolwa okuphuthumayo.

Xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nalokhu:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu obungathuthuki ngokuphumula
• Ukunanza ukuhlanza okukuvimbela ukuthi ungagcini uketshezi
• Izimpawu zokutheleleka njengomkhuhlane, ama-chills, noma ububomvu ngasezindaweni zokuhlinzwa
• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ubunzima bokuphefumula
• Ukuvuvukala komlenze noma ubuhlungu obungabonisa amahlule egazi
• Ukungakwazi ukudla noma ukuphuza lutho ngaphezu kwamahora angama-24

Kufanele futhi uxhumane nethimba lakho lezempilo uma uqaphela izimpawu zezinkinga zokudla okunempilo. Lokhu kungabandakanya ukukhathala okungavamile, ukulahlekelwa izinwele, izipikili ezibuthakathaka, noma izinguquko emoyeni wakho noma inkumbulo. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuvamile kungabamba lezi zinkinga ekuqaleni, kodwa ukubheka kwakho kubalulekile futhi.

Unganqikazi ukuxhumana nethimba lakho lezokwelapha ngezinkathazo, ngisho noma zibonakala zincane. Ukungenelela ngokushesha kungavimbela izinkinga ezincane ukuthi zingabi zinkulu.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana ne-sleeve gastrectomy

Q1: Ingabe i-sleeve gastrectomy iyasebenza ekulahlekelweni isisindo eside?

Yebo, i-sleeve gastrectomy iyasebenza kakhulu ekulahlekelweni isisindo eside uma ihlanganiswe nezinguquko zokuphila. Abantu abaningi bagcina ukulahlekelwa isisindo esikhulu eminyakeni engu-5-10 ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, ngokuvamile behlala ngaphandle kuka-50-60% wesisindo sabo esiningi.

Isihluthulelo sempumelelo yesikhathi eside ukulandela imihlahlandlela yokudla, ukuhlala usebenza, nokugcina ukunakekelwa okuvamile. Ngenkathi abanye abantu bengase bathole isisindo esithile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, iningi ligcina ukulahlekelwa isisindo okukhulu okuthuthukisa impilo yabo nekhwalithi yokuphila.

Q2: Ngizodinga ukuthatha amavithamini impilo yami yonke?

Yebo, uzodinga ukuthatha izithasiselo zamavithamini namaminerali impilo yakho yonke ngemuva kwe-sleeve gastrectomy. Isisu sakho esincane simunca izakhamzimba ngendlela ehlukile, futhi uzobe udla ukudla okuncane kakhulu sekukonke, okwenza kube nzima ukuthola zonke izakhamzimba ozidingayo ekudleni kuphela.

Iqembu lakho lezempilo lizokuncoma izithasiselo ezithile, ngokuvamile ezihlanganisa i-multivitamin, i-vitamin B12, i-vitamin D, i-calcium, nensimbi. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okujwayelekile kuzosiza ukuqapha amazinga akho omsoco futhi kulungise ukwengezwa njengoba kudingeka.

Q3: Ngingakhulelwa ngemva kwe-sleeve gastrectomy?

Yebo, ungaqala ukukhulelwa okunempilo ngemva kwe-sleeve gastrectomy, futhi abesifazane abaningi bakuthola kulula ukukhulelwa ngemva kokulahlekelwa isisindo. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukulinda okungenani izinyanga eziyi-12-18 ngemva kokuhlinzwa ngaphambi kokuzama ukukhulelwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isisindo sakho sizinzile.

Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, uzodinga ukuqashwa eduze ngodokotela wakho wezifo zabesifazane kanye nethimba le-bariatric ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukudla okunempilo. Abanye besifazane bangase badinge ukulungisa izithasiselo zabo zamavithamini noma uhlelo lokudla ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Q4: Yikuphi ukudla okufanele ngikugweme ngemva kwe-sleeve gastrectomy?

Uzodinga ukugwema ukudla okuthile okungabangela ukuphatheka kabi noma ukuphazamisa imigomo yakho yokulahlekelwa isisindo. Ukudla neziphuzo ezinoshukela omningi kungabangela i-dumping syndrome, okuholela esicanweni, ukuqaqamba, kanye nohudo.

Ukudla okufanele ukunciphise noma ukukugweme kufaka phakathi iziphuzo ezinoshukela, uswidi, ukudla okuthosiwe, inyama eqinile okunzima ukuyihlafuna, neziphuzo ezinamabhubhubhu. Udokotela wakho wezokudla uzohlinzeka ngohlu olubanzi futhi akusize ukuthi uhlele ukudla okusebenza kahle ngosayizi wakho omusha wesisu.

Q5: Ingabe i-sleeve gastrectomy iyaguquleka?

Cha, i-sleeve gastrectomy ayiguquleki ngoba ingxenye esusiwe yesisu sakho isuswa unomphela ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuzibophezela ngokugcwele ezingxenyeni zokuphila ezidingekayo ukuze uphumelele.

Kodwa-ke, uma kuvela izinkinga noma uma ungafinyeleli ekulahlekelweni isisindo okwanele, i-sleeve ngezinye izikhathi ingashintshwa ibe ezinye izinhlobo zokuhlinzwa kwe-bariatric, njenge-gastric bypass. Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo angaxoxa ngalezi zinketho uma kudingeka, nakuba abantu abaningi benza kahle nge-sleeve gastrectomy yabo isikhathi eside.