Yini i-SPECT Scan? Inhloso, Inqubo & Imiphumela

I-SPECT scan wuhlobo olukhethekile lokuhlolwa kwesithombe olukhombisa ukuthi igazi lihamba kanjani ngamalungu akho nezicubu. Cabanga ngayo njengemovi enemininingwane yezinto ezingaphakathi emzimbeni wakho, kunokuba nje isithombe esisodwa njenge-X-ray ejwayelekile.

Le nqubo emnene isebenzisa inani elincane lezinto ezinomsakazo ukudala izithombe ze-3D zobuchopho bakho, inhliziyo, amathambo, noma ezinye izitho. Izithombe ziza ngokusiza odokotela ukuthi babone ukuthi lezi zindawo zithola igazi elanele futhi zisebenza kahle.

Yini i-SPECT scan?

I-SPECT imele i-Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography. Kuyisivivinyo somuthi we-nuclear esilandela ukuhamba kwegazi nomsebenzi emzimbeni wakho sisebenzisa inani elincane le-tracer enomsakazo.

Ngesikhathi sokuskena, uzothola umjovo wale tracer, ohamba ngegazi lakho. Ikhamera ekhethekile bese ijikeleza emzimbeni wakho, ithatha izithombe ngamakhona ahlukene ukudala izithombe ezinemininingwane ze-3D.

Izinto ezinomsakazo ziphephile ngokuphelele futhi ziphuma emzimbeni wakho ngokwemvelo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Inani lemisebe oyitholayo lifana nalelo ongayithola kwezinye izivivinyo ezivamile zezokwelapha.

Kungani kwenziwa i-SPECT scan?

Odokotela basebenzisa ama-SPECT scans ukuxilonga izinkinga ezingase zingabonakali kwezinye izivivinyo. Le ndlela yokuthwebula izithombe ilusizo ikakhulukazi ekutholeni izinkinga ngokuhamba kwegazi nokusebenza kwamalungu.

Udokotela wakho angase ancome i-SPECT scan uma unezimpawu ezisikisela izinkinga ngobuchopho bakho, inhliziyo, noma amathambo. Lolu vivinyo lungadalula izindawo ezingatholi igazi elanele noma ezingasebenzi njengoba kufanele.

Nazi izizathu eziyinhloko odokotela abahlela ngazo ama-SPECT scans:

• Izimo zobuchopho ezinjengokuwohloka komqondo, isifo sika-Alzheimer, noma izifo zokuthimula
• Izinkinga zenhliziyo ezihlanganisa isifo semithambo yenhliziyo noma ukulimala ngenxa yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo
• Ukutheleleka kwamathambo, ukuqhekeka, noma umdlavuza osabalale emathanjeni
• Amaqhubu egazi emaphapheni noma izinkinga zokuphefumula
• Izinkinga zomsebenzi wesibindi noma wezinso
• Izifo ze-thyroid
• Izinkinga ze-parathyroid gland

Ukuhlolwa kwe-SPECT kubaluleke kakhulu ngoba kungathola izinkinga ezingokomsebenzi ngisho nalapho ilungu libukeka lijwayelekile kwezinye izivivinyo zokuthwebula izithombe. Lokhu kwenza kube wusizo ikakhulukazi ekutholakaleni kwasekuqaleni kwezimo eziningi.

Yini inqubo yokuhlolwa kwe-SPECT?

Inqubo yokuhlolwa kwe-SPECT iqondile futhi ayibuhlungu. Ukuhlolwa okuningi kuthatha phakathi kwemizuzu engama-30 kuya emahoreni ama-2, kuye ngokuthi iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba wakho ehlolwayo.

Nakhu okwenzekayo ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwakho kwe-SPECT:

1. Uzothola umjovo omncane we-tracer enomsakazo emthanjeni engalweni yakho
2. Uzolinda imizuzu eyi-15 kuya emahoreni ama-4 ukuze i-tracer izungeze emzimbeni wakho
3. Uzoqala ukulala etafuleni elinempahla elishelela emshinini wokuthwebula izithombe
4. Ikhamera izozungeza ikuzungeze, ithatha izithombe ngama-engeli amaningi
5. Kungase kudingeke ushintshe izikhundla noma uthathe ezinye izithombe

Umjovo uzizwa njenganoma yisiphi isibhamu esijwayelekile, futhi ngeke uzizwe i-tracer enomsakazo ihamba emzimbeni wakho. Ukuthwebula izithombe ngokwako akunabuhlungu ngokuphelele, yize kuzodingeka uhlale uzinzile ukuze uthole izithombe ezicacile.

Ezinye izithombe ze-SPECT zidinga ukulungiswa okukhethekile noma ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka. Ukuze uthole izithombe zenhliziyo, ungase uzivocavoce ku-treadmill noma uthole imithi yokulingisa ukuzivocavoca ngaphambi komjovo.

Ungalungiselela kanjani ukuhlolwa kwakho kwe-SPECT?

Ukulungiselela ukuhlolwa kwakho kwe-SPECT kuncike ekutheni iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba wakho ehlolwayo. Ukuhlolwa okuningi kudinga ukulungiswa okuncane, kodwa ukulandela imiyalelo ngokucophelela kusiza ekuqinisekiseni imiphumela enembile.

Iqembu lakho lezempilo lizokunika imiyalelo ethile ngokusekelwe ohlotsheni lwakho lokuskena. Ngokuvamile, ungadla ngokujwayelekile futhi uthathe imithi yakho ejwayelekile ngaphandle uma utshelwe ngenye indlela.

Nakhu okudingeka ukwenze ngaphambi kokuskena kwakho:

• Gwema i-caffeine amahora angu-12-24 ngaphambi kokuskena kwenhliziyo
• Yeka imithi ethile yenhliziyo uma uqondiswa udokotela wakho
• Gqoka izingubo ezikhululekile, ezikhululekile ezingenazo iziphu ze-metal noma izinkinobho
• Susa ubucwebe, amawashi, nanoma yiziphi izinto zensimbi
• Tshela udokotela wakho uma ukhulelwe noma uncelisa
• Tshela iqembu lakho lezempilo ngemithi noma izithasiselo ozithathayo

Ukuze uthole ukuskena kwamathambo, uzodinga ukuphuza amanzi amaningi ngemuva komjovo ukusiza ukukhipha i-tracer ohlelweni lwakho. Ukuskena kobuchopho kungase kudingeke ukuthi ugweme utshwala nemithi ethile usuku noma ezimbili ngaphambili.

Ungazifunda kanjani imiphumela yakho yokuskena ye-SPECT?

Imiphumela yakho yokuskena ye-SPECT izokhombisa izindawo zomsebenzi ojwayelekile nongajwayelekile ezithombeni ezinemibala, enemininingwane. Izindawo ezinokugeleza kwegazi okuhle zibonakala ziqhakazile, kuyilapho izindawo ezinokugeleza okuncishisiwe zibonakala zimnyama noma zinezinhlobo ezahlukene zemibala.

Uchwepheshe womuthi we-nuclear uzohlaziya izithombe zakho futhi abhale umbiko onemininingwane kudokotela wakho. Le nqubo ivame ukuthatha izinsuku zebhizinisi eziyi-1-2, nakuba imiphumela ephuthumayo ingase itholakale ngokushesha.

Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela ukuthi imiphumela isho ukuthini ngesimo sakho esithile. Imiphumela ejwayelekile ikhombisa ukusatshalaliswa okulinganayo kwe-tracer kuyo yonke ingxenye yomzimba efundwayo, okukhombisa ukuhamba kahle kwegazi nokusebenza.

Imiphumela engajwayelekile ingase ikhombise:

• Izindawo zokugeleza kwegazi okuncishisiwe (zivela njengamabala amnyama noma abandayo)
• Izindawo zomsebenzi owandisiwe (zivela njengamabala aqhakazile noma ashisayo)
• Ukusatshalaliswa okungalingani kwe-tracer
• Izicubu ezingekho noma ezilimele

Khumbula ukuthi imiphumela engajwayelekile akusho ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi unesimo esibucayi. Udokotela wakho uzocabangela izimpawu zakho, umlando wezokwelapha, neminye imiphumela yokuhlolwa ukuze enze ukuxilongwa okunembile.

Ziyini izici eziyingozi zokudinga ukuskenwa kwe-SPECT?

Ezinye izici zikhuphula amathuba akho okudinga ukuskenwa kwe-SPECT ukuze kutholwe noma kuqashwe. Lezi zici eziyingozi ziyahlukahluka ngokuya ngesimo esiphenywayo.

Ukuze kutholwe ukuskenwa kwe-SPECT okuhlobene nobuchopho, izici eziyingozi zihlanganisa iminyaka engaphezu kwengama-65, umlando womndeni we-dementia, izinkinga zenkumbulo, izinguquko zobuntu ezingachazeki, noma izifo zokuthimula. Ukulimala ekhanda nezici ezithile zofuzo nazo zikhuphula isidingo sokucabanga kobuchopho.

Ukuskenwa kwe-SPECT okuhlobene nenhliziyo kuvamile uma une:

• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukuphefumula kanzima
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu noma isifo sikashukela
• Umlando womndeni wesifo senhliziyo
• Amazinga e-cholesterol aphezulu
• Umlando wokubhema
• Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kwangaphambilini noma ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo

Ukuskenwa kwamathambo kungase kudingeke uma unezinhlungu zamathambo ezingachazeki, umlando womdlavuza, noma ukusolwa ukuthi unezifo zamathambo. Udokotela wakho uzoqaphela ukuthi ukuskenwa kwe-SPECT kufanelekile yini ngokusekelwe ezicini zakho eziyingozi kanye nezimpawu.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingaba khona zokuskenwa kwe-SPECT?

Ukuskenwa kwe-SPECT kuvamile ukuphepha kakhulu ngobungozi obuncane. Inani lemisebe yokuchayeka liphansi futhi libhekwa njengokuphephile kubantu abaningi, okufana nezinye izivivinyo zokucabanga zezokwelapha ezijwayelekile.

Izinkinga ezinzima azivamile kakhulu, kodwa kubalulekile ukwazi okulindelekile. Abantu abaningi ababi naziphumo ezivela kule nqubo.

Izinkinga ezingaba khona kodwa ezingavamile zihlanganisa:

• Ukuphendula komzimba ngaphandle kokulawula emthwalweni we-radioactive (okungavamile kakhulu)
• Ukulimala noma ubuhlungu endaweni yokujova
• Ukukhathazeka noma i-claustrophobia ngesikhathi sokuskena
• Imiphumela engamanga emihle noma engemihle edinga ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe

I-tracer e-radioactive iphuma emzimbeni wakho ngokwemvelo ngomchamo nangokuzithiba emathunjini ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Ukuphuza amanzi amaningi ngemuva kokuskena kwakho kusiza ukuyikhipha ngokushesha.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe kufanele bagweme ukuskena kwe-SPECT ngaphandle uma kudingeka ngempela, njengoba imisebe ingalimaza ingane esakhula. Omama abancelisa ngamabele bangase badinge ukukhipha ubisi bese balulahla amahora angu-24-48 ngemuva kokuskena.

Kufanele ngibone nini udokotela mayelana nemiphumela yokuskena kwe-SPECT?

Kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho ngokushesha nje lapho imiphumela yakho itholakala, ngokuvamile kungakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa ngemuva kokuskena kwakho. Ungalindi ukuthi kuvele izimpawu ezikhathazayo uma ungazizwanga ngemiphumela yakho.

Udokotela wakho uzohlela i-aphoyintimenti yokulandela ukuze nixoxe ngemiphumela yakho nanoma yiziphi izinyathelo ezilandelayo ezidingekayo. Le ngxoxo ibalulekile ngisho noma imiphumela yakho ijwayelekile, njengoba isiza ukukhipha izimo ezithile.

Xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uba nezimpawu ezingavamile ngemuva kokuskena kwakho, njengobuhlungu obukhulu endaweni yokujova, isicanucanu esiqhubekayo, noma izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba njengokuqubuka noma ubunzima bokuphefumula.

Kufanele futhi uxhumane uma unemibuzo mayelana nemiphumela yakho noma udinga ukucaciselwa ukuthi isho ukuthini empilweni yakho. Ithimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lilapho ukukusiza ukuthi uqonde ukuxilongwa kwakho nezinketho zokwelashwa.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana nokuskena kwe-SPECT

Q.1 Ingabe ukuhlolwa kwe-SPECT kulungile ekuxilongeni i-dementia?

Yebo, ukuskena kwe-SPECT kuyithuluzi elihle kakhulu lokuxilonga i-dementia nezinye izifo zobuchopho. Zingathola izinguquko ekuhambeni kwegazi ebuchosheni kanye namaphethini omsebenzi ayisici sezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-dementia.

Ukuskena kwe-SPECT kungahlukanisa phakathi kwesifo i-Alzheimer, i-vascular dementia, nezinye izinhlobo zokwehla kwengqondo. Zisiza ikakhulukazi lapho ezinye izivivinyo zingaqinisekile noma lapho ukutholwa kwasekuqaleni kubalulekile ekuhleleni ukwelashwa.

Q.2 Ingabe i-tracer e-radioactive esetshenziswa ekuskeneni kwe-SPECT ibangela umdlavuza?

Cha, inani elincane le-tracer ye-radioactive esetshenziswa kuma-SPECT scans alibangeli umdlavuza. Ukuvezwa kwemisebe kuncane futhi kuqhathaniswa nalokho ongakuthola emisebeni engokwemvelo yezinyanga eziningana.

Izinzuzo zokuxilongwa okunembile zidlula kakhulu izingozi ezincane zemisebe. Ama-tracer aklanywe ngqo ukuthi aphephe futhi aphume emzimbeni wakho ngokushesha ngezindlela ezijwayelekile zokuqeda.

Q.3 Ngingakwazi yini ukushayela ngemva kwe-SPECT scan?

Yebo, ungashayela ekhaya ngemva kwama-SPECT scans amaningi. Le nqubo ayithinti ikhono lakho lokushayela noma ukusebenzisa imishini, futhi ungaqala kabusha imisebenzi ejwayelekile ngokushesha.

Nokho, uma uthole ukuthuliswa ngenxa yokukhathazeka noma uhlolwe ukucindezeleka njengengxenye ye-scan yakho, ungase udinge othile ukuthi akuqhubele ekhaya. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizokwazisa uma lokhu kusebenza esimweni sakho.

Q.4 Kufanele ngilinde isikhathi esingakanani phakathi kwama-SPECT scans?

Isikhathi sokulinda phakathi kwama-SPECT scans sincike ohlotsheni lwe-scan kanye nesimo sakho sezokwelapha. Abantu abaningi bangaba ne-SPECT scan enye ngokuphepha emasontweni ambalwa uma kudingeka ngokwezokwelapha.

Udokotela wakho uzocabangela ukuvezwa kwemisebe eqongelelwe kanye nesidingo sezokwelapha lapho ehlela ama-scan aphindwayo. Ukuze kuqashwe njalo, ama-scan avame ukuhlukaniswa ngezinyanga eziningana.

Q.5 Ingabe ama-SPECT scans ahlanganiswa ngumshuwalense?

Izinhlelo eziningi zomshuwalense zihlanganisa ama-SPECT scans uma kudingeka ngokwezokwelapha futhi e-odwe udokotela wakho. Ukuhlanganiswa kuncike ohlelweni lwakho lomshuwalense oluthile nesizathu se-scan.

Kuhlale kuwumqondo omuhle ukuhlola nomhlinzeki wakho womshuwalense ngaphambi kokuhlela i-scan yakho ukuze uqonde noma yiziphi izindleko ezingase zibe khona eziphuma ephaketheni noma izidingo zokugunyazwa kwangaphambili.