Yini Ukuhlolwa Kokucindezeleka? Inhloso, Inqubo & Imiphumela

Ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka kuyisivivinyo sezokwelapha esihlola ukuthi inhliziyo yakho isebenza kahle kangakanani uma ishaya ngokushesha futhi isebenza kanzima. Udokotela wakho usebenzisa lolu vivinyo ukubona ukuthi inhliziyo yakho ithola igazi elanele nomoya-mpilo ngesikhathi somsebenzi womzimba noma lapho imithi iyenza isebenze kanzima.

Cabanga ngakho njengokunikeza inhliziyo yakho ukuzivocavoca endaweni elawulwayo, ephephile. Njengoba nje ungase uhlole injini yemoto ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukene, odokotela bahlola inhliziyo yakho ngaphansi kokucindezeleka ukuze babone izinkinga ezingaba khona ngaphambi kokuba zibe zimbi.

Yini ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka?

Ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka kukala ukuthi inhliziyo yakho isabela kanjani uma idinga ukumpompa kanzima kunokujwayelekile. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, uzovivinya umzimba ku-treadmill noma ibhayisikili elinganyakazi, noma uthole imithi eyenza inhliziyo yakho isebenze kanzima.

Uvivinyo lulandela isigqi senhliziyo yakho, umfutho wegazi, nokuphefumula ngenkathi izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho likhuphuka. Lokhu kusiza odokotela ukuthi babone ukuthi imisipha yenhliziyo yakho ithola ukuhamba kwegazi okwanele ngesikhathi somsebenzi owandisiwe.

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zokuhlolwa kokucindezeleka, okuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka kokuzivocavoca, ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka kwenyukliya, kanye nama-echocardiograms okucindezeleka. Udokotela wakho uzokhetha uhlobo olungcono kakhulu ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho sempilo nokuthi yini abadinga ukuyifunda ngenhliziyo yakho.

Kungani kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka?

Odokotela batusa ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka ukuze bahlole izinkinga zenhliziyo ezingase zingaveli uma uphumule. Inhliziyo yakho ingase ibonakale ilungile ngesikhathi semisebenzi ejwayelekile kodwa ilwe uma idinga ukusebenza kanzima.

Lolu vivinyo lusiza ukuxilonga isifo semithambo yenhliziyo, esenzeka lapho imithambo enikeza igazi enhliziyweni yakho iba mncane noma ivaleke. Kungase futhi kutholakale izigqi zenhliziyo ezingajwayelekile ezivela kuphela ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca.

Udokotela wakho angase futhi asebenzise ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka ukuze ahlole ukuthi imithi yakho yenhliziyo isebenza kahle kangakanani. Uma uhlinzwe inhliziyo noma usebenzisa imithi yenhliziyo, lolu vivinyo lubonisa ukuthi le mithi iyasiza yini ukuthi inhliziyo yakho isebenze kangcono.

Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela ba-oda izivivinyo zokucindezeleka ngaphambi kokuqala uhlelo lokuzivocavoca, ikakhulukazi uma unezici eziyingozi zesifo senhliziyo. Lolu vivinyo lusiza ukunquma ukuthi izinga lomsebenzi womzimba liphephile kangakanani kuwe.

Yini inqubo yokuhlolwa kokucindezeleka?

Inqubo yokuhlolwa kokucindezeleka ngokuvamile ithatha cishe ihora elilodwa, nakuba ingxenye yokuzivocavoca yangempela ithatha imizuzu eyi-10 kuya kweyi-15 kuphela. Uzoqala ngokuba nama-electrode amancane aqinisekisiwe esifubeni sakho, izingalo, nemilenze ukuze kuqashwe isigqi senhliziyo yakho.

Ngaphambi kokuqala ukuzivocavoca, ochwepheshe bazothatha izilinganiso zokuqala zokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho, umfutho wegazi, nokuphefumula. Bazokwenza futhi i-electrocardiogram yokuphumula ukuze babone ukuthi inhliziyo yakho ibukeka kanjani uma ingasebenzi kanzima.

Nakhu okwenzekayo ngesikhathi sezigaba ezihlukene zokuhlolwa kwakho:

1. Isigaba sokulungiselela: Uzozishintsha ufake izingubo ezikhululekile futhi ube nemishini yokuqapha eqinisekisiwe
2. Izilinganiso zokuqala: Abasebenzi bazorekhoda ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho ekuphumuleni, umfutho wegazi, nesigqi senhliziyo
3. Isigaba sokuzivocavoca: Uzoqhubeka uhamba ku-treadmill noma unyathele ibhayisikili elinganyakazi ngenkathi isivinini nokumelana kukhuphuka kancane kancane
4. Ukuzivocavoca okuphezulu: Uzoqhubeka kuze kube yilapho ufinyelela izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho eliqondiwe noma uzwa izimpawu
5. Isigaba sokululama: Uzozipholisa kancane ngenkathi abasebenzi beqhubeka beqapha inhliziyo yakho

Uma ungenakwazi ukuzivocavoca ngenxa yemikhawulo yomzimba, uzothola imithi nge-IV eyenza inhliziyo yakho isebenze sengathi uyazivocavoca. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka kwe-pharmacologic futhi kusebenza kahle njengenguqulo yokuzivocavoca.

Kuyo yonke le ndlela yokuhlolwa, abasebenzi bezokwelapha bazokuqapha eduze futhi bangayeka ukuhlolwa ngokushesha uma uzwa ubuhlungu besifuba, ukuphefumula kanzima, noma ezinye izimpawu ezikhathazayo.

Ungalungiselela kanjani ukuhlolwa kwakho kokucindezeleka?

Ukulungiselela ukuhlolwa kwakho kokucindezeleka kulula, kodwa ukulandela imiyalelo ngokucophelela kusiza ekuqinisekiseni imiphumela enembile. Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imihlahlandlela ethile mayelana nemithi, ukudla, nezingubo.

Abantu abaningi badinga ukugwema ukudla amahora angu-3 kuya kwangu-4 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Lokhu kuvimbela isicanucanu ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca futhi kukunika amandla amaningi engxenyeni yokuzivocavoca.

Nazi izinyathelo ezibalulekile zokulungiselela iqembu lakho lezempilo elizolincoma:

• Ukulungiswa kwemithi: Udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuthi weqe imithi ethile yenhliziyo amahora angu-24-48 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa
• Gwema i-caffeine: Ungaphuzi ikhofi, itiye, noma ama-soda ane-caffeine okungenani amahora angu-12 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwakho
• Gqoka izingubo ezikhululekile: Khetha izicathulo zemidlalo nezingubo ezikhululekile ongazivocavoca ngazo
• Letha imithi yakho: Letha uhlu lwazo zonke izidakamizwa zakho kanye nanoma yimiphi imithi yokuhlenga efana ne-nitroglycerin
• Hlala unamanzi: Phuza amanzi ngokujwayelekile ngaphandle uma udokotela wakho ekutshela ngenye indlela

Uma usebenzisa i-inhaler ye-asthma, yilethe nawe ekuhlolweni. Yazisa ithimba lakho lezempilo nganoma yisiphi isifo esisanda kwenzeka, njengoba ukugula kungathinta imiphumela yakho yokuhlolwa.

Ungakhathazeki uma uzizwa unovalo mayelana nokuhlolwa. Ithimba lezokwelapha linolwazi ekusizeni abantu bazizwe bekhululekile, futhi bazochaza konke njengoba uqhubeka.

Ungayifunda kanjani imiphumela yakho yokuhlolwa kokucindezeleka?

Ukuqonda imiphumela yakho yokuhlolwa kokucindezeleka kuqala ngokwazi ukuthi odokotela babheka izilinganiso eziningana ezihlukene, hhayi inombolo eyodwa nje. Bahlola ukuthi izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho, umfutho wegazi, kanye nesigqi senhliziyo kushintsha kanjani ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca.

Umphumela wokuhlolwa kokucindezeleka okujwayelekile usho ukuthi izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho landa ngendlela efanele ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca, umfutho wegazi lakho waphendula ngendlela ejwayelekile, futhi isigqi senhliziyo yakho sahlala njalo. Imisipha yenhliziyo yakho nayo yathola ukuhamba kwegazi okwanele ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa.

Nakhu okuhlola odokotela emiphumeleni yakho:

• Ukusabela kwenhliziyo: Ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kufanele kwenyuke ngokuqhubekayo ngokuzivocavoca futhi kufinyelele okungenani ku-85% wokushaya kwenhliziyo okuphezulu okulindelekile
• Ushintsho lomfutho wegazi: Umfutho wegazi wakho we-systolic kufanele ukwenyuke ngokuzivocavoca, kuyilapho umfutho wegazi we-diastolic ungase uhlale unjalo noma wehle kancane
• Amaphethini esigqi senhliziyo: Inhliziyo yakho kufanele igcine isigqi esijwayelekile ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka okuyingozi
• Izimpawu ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca: Akufanele uzwe ubuhlungu besifuba, ukuphefumula kanzima kakhulu, noma isiyezi
• Ukwazi ukuzivocavoca: Kufanele ukwazi ukuzivocavoca isikhathi esifanele ngokuya ngeminyaka yakho kanye nezinga lokufaneleka

Imiphumela engajwayelekile ingase ikhombise ukuthi inhliziyo yakho ayitholi igazi elanele ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca, okungase kubonise imithambo evalekile. Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela ukuthi yini okushiwo yinoma yikuphi okutholakele okungajwayelekile esimweni sakho esithile.

Khumbula ukuthi imiphumela yokuhlolwa kokucindezeleka iyingxenye eyodwa nje yolwazi mayelana nempilo yenhliziyo yakho. Udokotela wakho uzocabangela le miphumela kanye nezimpawu zakho, umlando wakho wezokwelapha, neminye imiphumela yokuhlolwa ukuze enze izincomo zokwelashwa.

Yiziphi izici eziyingozi zemiphumela yokuhlolwa kokucindezeleka engajwayelekile?

Izici eziningana zingakhuphula amathuba akho okuba nokuhlolwa kokucindezeleka okungajwayelekile, ngeminyaka kanye nomlando womndeni phakathi kwababaluleke kakhulu. Ukuqonda lezi zici eziyingozi kukusiza wena nodokotela wakho ukuthi uhlole impilo yakho yonke yenhliziyo.

Izici eziyingozi ezivame kakhulu zivame ukuhlobana nezindlela zokuphila kanye nezimo zezokwelapha ezithinta imithambo yakho yegazi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Eziningi zalezi zici zisebenza ndawonye ukukhulisa ingozi yakho.

Nazi izici eziyingozi eziyinhloko ezingaholela emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa kokucindezeleka engajwayelekile:

• Iminyaka: Ingozi iyanda kakhulu ngemva kweminyaka engama-45 emadodeni kanye nama-55 kwabesifazane
• Umlando womndeni: Ukuba nezihlobo eziseduze ezinomdlavuza wenhliziyo, ikakhulukazi eneminyaka emincane
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu: Umfutho wegazi ophakeme njalo ulimala imithambo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
• I-cholesterol ephezulu: I-cholesterol ye-LDL ephakeme ingakha emithanjeni yakho
• Isifo sikashukela: Amazinga kashukela aphezulu alimaza imithambo yegazi emzimbeni wakho wonke
• Ukubhema: Ukusebenzisa ugwayi kwandisa kakhulu ingozi yakho yesifo senhliziyo
• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile: Isisindo esiningi sibeka ingcindezi eyengeziwe enhliziyweni yakho
• Ukuphila ngendlela yokunganyakazi: Ukuntula umsebenzi womzimba ovamile kunciphisa imisipha yenhliziyo yakho

Ezinye izici eziyingozi njengobudala nomlando womndeni azikwazi ukushintshwa, kodwa ezinye eziningi ziphendula kahle ekushintsheni indlela yokuphila. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi uqonde ukuthi yiziphi izici eziyingozi ezisebenza kuwe futhi akhe uhlelo lokuzixazulula.

Ukuba nezici eziyingozi akusho ukuthi nakanjani uzoba nezinkinga zenhliziyo, kodwa kusho ukuthi kufanele usebenze eduze nethimba lakho lezempilo ukuze uqaphe futhi uvikele impilo yenhliziyo yakho.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingaba khona zemiphumela yokuhlolwa kokucindezeleka okungajwayelekile?

Umphumela wokuhlolwa kokucindezeleka okungajwayelekile akusho ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuthi unesifo senhliziyo esibi, kodwa kubonisa ukuthi inhliziyo yakho kungenzeka ingatholi igazi elanele ngesikhathi somsebenzi womzimba. Lokhu kutholakala kusiza udokotela wakho ukuthi ahlonze izinkinga ezingaba khona ngaphambi kokuba zibe zimbi kakhulu.

Inkinga evame kakhulu ukuthi ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka okungajwayelekile kudalula isifo semithambo yenhliziyo, lapho imithambo enikeza igazi enhliziyweni yakho iba mncane noma ivaleke. Lokhu kungaholela ebuhlungwini besifuba ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca noma imisebenzi yansuku zonke.

Uma kungelashwa, izimo ezibangela ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka okungajwayelekile kungaholela ezinkingeni eziningana:

• Ubuhlungu besifuba (i-angina): Ungase uzwe ukungakhululeki noma ukucindezelwa esifubeni sakho ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca.
• Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo: Imithambo evaleke kakhulu ingasika ngokuphelele ukuhamba kwegazi emsipheni wenhliziyo yakho.
• Izinkinga zesigqi senhliziyo: Inhliziyo yakho ingase ithuthukise ukushaya okungajwayelekile okungaba yingozi.
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo: Umsipha wenhliziyo yakho ungase ubuthake ngokuhamba kwesikhathi uma ingatholi igazi elanele.
• Ukuncipha kwamandla okuzivocavoca: Ungase ukuthole kunzima ukwenza imisebenzi yomzimba obuyithanda ngaphambili.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ukuthola lezi zinkinga ngokushesha ngokuhlolwa kokucindezeleka kuvumela udokotela wakho ukuthi aqale ukwelashwa ngaphambi kokuthi kuvele izinkinga. Abantu abaningi abanezivivinyo zokucindezeleka ezingajwayelekile baqhubeka nokuphila impilo egcwele, esebenzayo ngokunakekelwa okufanele kwezokwelapha.

Udokotela wakho uzosebenza nawe ukudala uhlelo lokwelashwa olungabandakanya imithi, izinguquko zokuphila, noma izinqubo zokuthuthukisa ukuhamba kwegazi enhliziyweni yakho. Ukutholwa nokwelashwa ngokushesha kuthuthukisa kakhulu umbono wakho.

Kufanele ngibone nini udokotela ukuze ngenze ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka?

Kufanele ucabangele ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuhlolwa kokucindezeleka uma unezimpawu ezingase zibonise izinkinga zenhliziyo, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca. Ubuhlungu besifuba, ukuphefumula kanzima, noma ukukhathala okungajwayelekile ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca yizimpawu ezibalulekile okufanele zixoxwe.

Udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka noma ngabe awunazo izimpawu, ikakhulukazi uma unezici eziyingozi zesifo senhliziyo. Le ndlela yokuvikela isiza ukubamba izinkinga ngaphambi kokuthi zibangele izimpawu ezibonakalayo.

Nawa amazwi lapho kufanele uxoxe ngokuhlolwa kokucindezeleka nomhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo:

• Izimpawu ezintsha zesifuba: Noma yibuphi ubuhlungu besifuba, ukucindezela, noma ukungakhululeki, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi somsebenzi
• Ukuphefumula okungavamile: Ukuphelelwa umoya kalula kunokujwayelekile ngesikhathi semisebenzi ejwayelekile
• Ukukhathala okungachazeki: Ukuzizwa ukhathele ngokungavamile ngesikhathi noma ngemva komsebenzi womzimba
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile: Ukuqaphela inhliziyo yakho igxuma noma igijima ngokungalindelekile
• Isiyezi ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca: Ukuzizwa unesiyezi noma uzoquleka uma usebenza
• Izici eziyingozi eziningi: Ukuba nesifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophezulu, i-cholesterol ephezulu, noma umlando womndeni wesifo senhliziyo

Ungalindi ukuthi izimpawu zibe zimbi ngaphambi kokufuna ukwelashwa. Ukuhlolwa kwasekuqaleni nokuhlolwa kungavimbela izinkinga zenhliziyo ezingathi sína ukuthi zingathuthuki.

Uma uhlela ukuqala uhlelo olusha lokuzivocavoca futhi ubungasebenzi, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi kuphephile kuwe ukuthi ukhuphule izinga lomsebenzi wakho.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana nokuhlolwa kokucindezeleka

Q.1 Ingabe ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka kulungile ekutholeni isifo senhliziyo?

Yebo, ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka kuphumelela kakhulu ekutholeni isifo semithambo yenhliziyo, ikakhulukazi uma unezimpawu ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca. Ukuhlolwa kungathola imithambo evaliwe engase ingaveli ku-electrocardiogram yokuphumula.

Nokho, ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka akuphelele futhi kungase kuphuthelwe ezinye izithiyo noma kubonise imiphumela engamanga. Udokotela wakho uzohlanganisa imiphumela yokuhlolwa kokucindezeleka nezimpawu zakho, umlando wezokwelapha, nokunye ukuhlolwa ukuze uthole isithombe esiphelele sempilo yenhliziyo yakho.

Q.2 Ingabe ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka okungajwayelekile kusho ukuthi ngidinga ukuhlinzwa?

Ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka okungajwayelekile akusho ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuthi udinga ukuhlinzwa. Abantu abaningi abanemiphumela engajwayelekile baphathwa ngempumelelo ngemithi, izinguquko zokuphila, noma izinqubo ezingahlaseli kakhulu.

Udktela wakho uzocabangela ubukhulu bemiphumela yakho engavamile, izimpawu zakho, kanye nempilo yakho yonke lapho encoma ukwelashwa. Ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukugcinelwa abantu abanezithiyo ezinzima noma labo abangaphenduli kahle kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha.

Q.3 Ngingaba nayo yini i-stress test ejwayelekile kodwa ngibe nesifo senhliziyo?

Yebo, kungenzeka ukuba ne-stress test ejwayelekile kodwa usenayo izinga elithile lesifo senhliziyo. Izivivinyo zokucindezeleka zisebenza kahle kakhulu ekutholeni izithiyo ezinkulu ezikhawulela ukuhamba kwegazi ngesikhathi sokuzivivinya.

Izithiyo ezincane noma izithiyo ezingakhawuleli ngokuphawulekayo ukuhamba kwegazi kungenzeka zingaveli ku-stress test. Yingakho udokotela wakho ecabangela isithombe sakho esiphelele sezokwelapha, hhayi nje imiphumela ye-stress test, lapho ehlola impilo yenhliziyo yakho.

Q.4 Ngingakanani kufanele ngibe ne-stress test?

Ukuvama kokuhlolwa kokucindezeleka kuncike ezingozini zakho ngazinye kanye nezimo zempilo. Abantu abanesifo senhliziyo esaziwayo bangase badinge ukuhlolwa njalo ngemva kweminyaka engu-1-2, kanti labo abanezici eziyingozi bangase badinge ukuhlolwa kaningi.

Udokotela wakho uzocebisa ngeshejuli yokuhlolwa esekelwe ezimpawini zakho, izici eziyingozi, nokuthi ukwelashwa kwakho kwamanje kusebenza kahle kangakanani. Abanye abantu badinga kuphela i-stress test eyodwa, kanti abanye bayazuza ekuqashweni njalo.

Q.5 Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngizwa ubuhlungu besifuba ngesikhathi se-stress test?

Uma uzwa ubuhlungu besifuba ngesikhathi se-stress test yakho, tshela abasebenzi bezokwelapha ngokushesha. Baqeqeshwe ukubhekana nalesi simo futhi bazoyeka ukuhlolwa uma kudingeka.

Ubuhlungu besifuba ngesikhathi se-stress test empeleni buyolwazi olubalulekile lokuxilonga kudokotela wakho. Ithimba lezokwelapha lizokuqapha eduze futhi lingakunika imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu. Lolu lwazi lusiza udokotela wakho ukuthi aqonde ukuthi kwenzekani enhliziyweni yakho futhi ahlele ukwelashwa okufanele.