Yini i-Tubal Ligation? Inhloso, Inqubo & Imiphumela

I-Tubal ligation iyinqubo yokuhlinzwa evimbela ngokushesha ukukhulelwa ngokuvimba noma ukusika amashubhu e-fallopian. Ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi "ukubopha amashubhu akho," lokhu kuhlinzwa okungaphandle kwesibhedlela kuvimbela amaqanda ukuthi angahambi e-ovari yakho aye esibelethweni sakho, okwenza ukukhulelwa kungabi nakwenzeka. Kuthathwa njengenye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokulawula ukuzalwa unomphela, ekhethwe izigidi zabesifazane emhlabeni wonke abaqiniseka ukuthi abafuni ukukhulelwa esikhathini esizayo.

Yini i-tubal ligation?

I-Tubal ligation iyinqubo encane yokuhlinzwa edala umgoqo unomphela emashubhu akho e-fallopian. Udokotela ohlinzayo uzosika, avale, noma avimbe lawa mashubhu avame ukuthwala amaqanda e-ovari yakho aye esibelethweni sakho njalo ngenyanga. Ngaphandle kwale ndlela, isidoda asikwazi ukufinyelela eqandeni, futhi ukukhulelwa ngeke kwenzeke ngokwemvelo.

Le nqubo ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi ukuzala kwabesifazane, nakuba abesifazane abaningi bekhetha igama elithi "tubal ligation" njengoba linembile ngokwengeziwe kwezokwelapha. Ama-ovari akho aqhubeka nokusebenza ngokujwayelekile ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ngakho amazinga akho e-hormone ahlala efana. Usazoqhubeka nokuya esikhathini njalo, futhi umzimba wakho uzoqhubeka nomjikelezo wawo wemvelo wanyanga zonke.

Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuthathwa njengokulawula ukuzalwa unomphela, nakuba izinqubo zokubuyisela zikhona. Kodwa-ke, ukubuyisela kunzima kakhulu futhi akuqinisekisi ukuthi uzokwazi ukukhulelwa futhi. Yingakho odokotela bencoma ukucabanga ngokucophelela ngalesi sinqumo nokuxoxa ngaso ngokucophelela nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo.

Kungani kwenziwa i-tubal ligation?

Abesifazane bakhetha i-tubal ligation uma beqiniseka ngokuphelele ukuthi abafuni ukukhulelwa esikhathini esizayo. Lesi sinqumo sivame ukuza ngemva kokuqeda usayizi womndeni abawufunayo noma ukuthola ukuthi ukukhulelwa kungase kubeke engozini enkulu yezempilo. Abanye besifazane futhi bakhetha le nqubo ukuze bagweme ukudlulisela izimo zofuzo ezinganeni.

Udktora wakho angase ancome ukuboshwa kwamashubhu uma unezimo zezokwelapha ezenza ukukhulelwa kube yingozi. Lokhu kungabandakanya isifo senhliziyo esibi, iminyango ethile yomdlavuza, noma ezinye izinkinga zempilo lapho ukukhulelwa kungase kusongela impilo yakho. Kulezi zimo, ukubulala inzalo unomphela kunikeza ukuthula kwengqondo futhi kuqeda isidingo sokuvimbela inzalo okuqhubekayo.

Abesifazane abaningi futhi bakhetha le nqubo ngezizathu zomuntu siqu ngemva kokucabangela ngokucophelela. Ungase uzizwe uqiniseka ukuthi usuqedile ukuba nezingane, noma ungase ungazange ufune ukukhulelwa. Abanye besifazane bakhetha ukulawulwa kokuzalwa unomphela ngaphezu kwezindlela ze-hormonal zesikhathi eside noma ezinye izinketho zokuvimbela inzalo.

Iyini inqubo yokuboshwa kwamashubhu?

Ukuboshwa kwamashubhu kuvame ukwenziwa njengenqubo yeziguli eziphuthumayo kusetshenziswa izindlela ezingahlaseli kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, udokotela ohlinzayo uzosebenzisa i-laparoscopy, ebandakanya ukwenza ukusikwa okuncane esiswini sakho futhi usebenzise ikhamera encane ukuqondisa ukuhlinzwa. Le ndlela ibangela ukuphola okusheshayo nokulimala okuncane uma kuqhathaniswa nokuhlinzwa okuvulekile kwendabuko.

Ngesikhathi senqubo, uzothola i-anesthesia ejwayelekile ukuze ulale ngokuphelele futhi uzizwe ukhululekile. Udokotela ohlinzayo uzokwenza ukusikwa okukodwa noma okubili okuncane, ngokuvamile eduze kwenkinobho yesisu sakho nomugqa wezinwele ze-pubic. Bese befaka i-laparoscope (ithubhu elincane, elikhanyisiwe elinekhamera) ukuze babone amashubhu akho e-fallopian ngokucacile ku-monitor.

Udktora wakho ohlinzayo uzosebenzisa enye yezindlela eziningana zokuvimba amashubhu akho unomphela. Nakhu okungenzeka ngesikhathi senqubo yakho:

• Ukusika nokusonga amashubhu ngogesi (electrocautery)
• Ukubeka iziqeshana noma izindandatho ezungeze amashubhu ukuwavimba
• Ukususa izingxenye zamashubhu ngokuphelele
• Ukuvala amashubhu ngama-coils akhethekile noma ama-plugs

Inqubo yonke ngokuvamile ithatha imizuzu engama-30 kuya kwengama-60. Abesifazane abaningi babuyela ekhaya ngosuku olufanayo ngemva kwamahora ambalwa okululama. Uzodinga umuntu ozokuqhuba ekhaya ngoba i-anesthesia ingakwenza ukozela amahora amaningana.

Ungalungiselela kanjani ukuboshwa kwamashubhu akho?

Ukulungiselela ukuboshwa kwamashubhu kuhilela ukulungela ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo. Udokotela wakho uzohlela ukubonisana emasontweni ambalwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho ukuze axoxe ngenqubo, aphendule imibuzo yakho, futhi aqinisekise ukuthi wenza isinqumo esinolwazi. Lesi sikhathi sokulinda sibalulekile ngoba isinqumo singunomphela, futhi ufuna ukuqiniseka ngokuphelele.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzobuyekeza umlando wakho wezokwelapha futhi angase ayale ukuhlolwa kwegazi noma ezinye izivivinyo. Bazofuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi awukhulelwe nokuthi unempilo eyanele yokuhlinzwa. Uma uthatha imithi ethile, udokotela wakho uzokwazisa ukuthi yiziphi okufanele uziqhubeke nokuthi yiziphi okufanele uziyeke ngaphambi kwenqubo.

Nansi indlela ongazilungiselela ngayo usuku lokuhlinzwa kwakho:

• Yeka ukudla nokuphuza ngemva kwamabili ngobusuku obandulela ukuhlinzwa
• Lungiselela umuntu ozokuqhuba ekhaya futhi ahlale nawe amahora angama-24
• Gqoka izingubo ezikhululekile, ezikhululekile eziya ekuqokweni kwakho
• Susa yonke ubucwebe, izimonyo, kanye ne-nail polish
• Thatha noma yimiphi imithi echazwe ngudokotela wakho njengoba kuqondisiwe

Kubalulekile futhi ukulungiselela ikhaya lakho ukuze ululame. Gcina ukudla okunethezekile, ube namaphakethe eqhwa alungele noma yikuphi ukungakhululeki, futhi ulungiselele usizo ngokuphakamisa okunzima noma imisebenzi eqinile ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala. Abesifazane abaningi bazizwa belungele ukubuyela emisebenzini ejwayelekile phakathi nesonto.

Ungawafunda kanjani imiphumela yakho yokuboshwa kwamashubhu?

Ngokungafani nokuhlolwa okuningi kwezokwelapha, ukubopha amashubhu akukhiqizi "imiphumela" yendabuko okudingeka uyihumushe. Esikhundleni salokho, udokotela ohlinzayo uzoqinisekisa ukuthi inqubo iqediwe ngempumelelo ngemva nje kokuhlinzwa. Bazokwazisa ukuthi iyiphi indlela esetshenziswe nokuthi konke kuhambe njengoba bekuhleliwe.

Udokotela wakho uzohlela i-aphoyintimenti yokulandela ngemva kwamasonto ambalwa ukuze ahlolisise izindawo zakho zokuhlinzwa futhi aqinisekise ukuthi uyaphola kahle. Ngesikhathi salokhu kuvakasha, bazoqinisekisa ukuthi inqubo iphumelele futhi bazoxazulula noma yimiphi imibuzo noma izinkathazo ongase ube nazo mayelana nokululama.

"Umphumela" weqiniso wokubopha amashubhu ukusebenza kwawo ekuvikeleni ukukhulelwa. Le nqubo isebenza ngaphezu kuka-99%, okusho ukuthi abesifazane abangaphansi kuka-1 kwabangu-100 bazokhulelwa ngemva kokubopha amashubhu abo. Lokhu kwenza kube enye yezindlela ezithembeke kakhulu zokulawula inzalo ezitholakalayo.

Uzoqonda ukuthi le nqubo iyasebenza ngokuthi nje awukhulelwa. Nokho, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukubopha amashubhu akuvikeli ezifweni ezithathelwana ngocansi, ngakho kungenzeka usadinga izindlela zokuvimbela ezifana namakhondomu uma ukuvimbela i-STI kuyinkathazo.

Isebenza kangakanani ukubopha amashubhu?

Ukubopha amashubhu kusebenza kahle kakhulu, ngempumelelo engaphezu kuka-99%. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kwabesifazane abangu-1,000 abenza le nqubo, abangaphansi kwabangu-5 bazokhulelwa ngaphakathi nonyaka wokuqala. Ukusebenza kuhlala kuphezulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okwenza kube enye yezindlela ezithembeke kakhulu zokulawula inzalo unomphela ezitholakalayo.

Amathuba amancane okukhulelwa ngemva kokubopha amashubhu angase avele ngezizathu eziningana. Ngezinye izikhathi amashubhu angase akhule ndawonye ngokwemvelo, inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-recanalization. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ukuhlinzwa kungase kungawavimbi ngokuphelele amashubhu, noma iqanda lingase lithole enye indlela eya ekukhulelweni.

Uma ukukhulelwa kwenzeka ngemva kokuboshwa kwamashubhu, kunengozi enkulu yokuthi kube yi-ectopic (okwenzeka ngaphandle kwesibeletho). Yingakho kubalulekile ukuxhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uba nezimpawu zokukhulelwa ngemva kwale nqubo. Ukukhulelwa kwe-Ectopic kungaba kubi futhi kudinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha.

Ukuphumelela kokuboshwa kwamashubhu kungahluka kancane ngokuya ngobuchwepheshe bokuhlinzwa obusetshenzisiwe kanye neminyaka yakho ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Abesifazane abenza le nqubo besebancane banengozi enkulu yokukhulelwa empilweni yabo yonke, nakuba ingozi ihlala iphansi ngokujwayelekile.

Yiziphi izici eziyingozi zezinkinga zokuboshwa kwamashubhu?

Ngenkathi ukuboshwa kwamashubhu kuvamile ukuthi kuphephile, izici ezithile zingakhuphula ingozi yakho yezinkinga. Ukuqonda lezi zici eziyingozi kukusiza wena nodokotela wakho ukuthi nenze isinqumo esingcono kakhulu sesimo sakho. Abesifazane abaningi ababi nazinkinga ezinkulu, kodwa ukuqaphela izingozi ezingaba khona kubalulekile ekwenzeni izinqumo ezinolwazi.

Isimo sakho sempilo yonke sinendima enkulu eyingozini yokuhlinzwa. Abesifazane abanezimo ezithile zezokwelapha bangase babhekane nezingozi eziphakeme ngesikhathi noma ngemva kwale nqubo. Nazi izici ezingase zikhuphule ingozi yakho:

• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile, okungenza ukuhlinzwa kube yinselele futhi kulambise ukuphola
• Isifo senhliziyo noma izinkinga zokuphefumula ezithinta ukubekezelelana kwe-anesthesia
• Isifo sikashukela, esinganciphisa ukuphola kwamanxeba futhi sandise ingozi yokutheleleka
• Ukuhlinzwa kwesisu kwangaphambilini okwenza izicubu ezinamathiselwe
• Ukubhema, okunciphisa ukugeleza komoya-mpilo futhi kulambise ukuphola
• Izifo zokujiya kwegazi ezithinta ukululama kokuhlinzwa

Udokotela wakho uzohlola ngokucophelela lezi zici ngesikhathi sokubonisana kwakho. Uma unezici eziyingozi, bangase bancomende izinyathelo zokuphepha ezikhethekile noma izindlela ezingezinye zokunciphisa izinkinga ezingaba khona. Kwezinye izimo, bangase baphakamise ukulinda kuze kube yilapho izimo ezithile zilawulwa kangcono.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingase zibe khona ze-tubal ligation?

Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, i-tubal ligation inezingozi ezithile, nakuba izinkinga ezingathi sína zingavamile. Abesifazane abaningi balulama kahle ngokuphatheka kabi okuncane kuphela futhi babuyela emisebenzini ejwayelekile phakathi nesonto. Ukuqonda izinkinga ezingaba khona kukusiza ukuthi ubone ukuthi nini okufanele ufune ukwelashwa futhi uzizwe uqiniseka ngesinqumo sakho.

Izinkinga ezivame kakhulu zithambile futhi zesikhashana. Ungase uzwe ubuhlungu ezindaweni zokuhlinza, ukuqunjelwa ngenxa yegesi esetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, noma ukukhathala okuvela ku-anesthesia. Lezi zimpawu ngokuvamile zixazululeka phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa kuya evikini ngokuphumula okufanele nokunakekelwa.

Nazi izinkinga ezingaba khona okufanele uziqaphele, uqala ngalezo ezivamile kakhulu:

• Ukutheleleka ezindaweni zokuhlinza, okubangela ububomvu, ukufudumala, noma ukukhishwa okungavamile
• Ukuphuma kwegazi ngesikhathi noma ngemva kokuhlinzwa, nakuba ukuphuma kwegazi okukhulu kungavamile
• Ukuphendula ku-anesthesia, okungabandakanya isicanucanu noma ukusabela komzimba
• Umonakalo ezithweni eziseduze njengamathumbu noma umchamo ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa
• I-Post-tubal ligation syndrome, ebandakanya izinguquko kumaphethini okuya esikhathini
• Ukukhulelwa okungaphandle kwesibeletho uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka okungavamile kwale nqubo

Izinkinga ezingathi sína zivamile kakhulu, zenzeka ngaphansi kuka-1% wezinqubo. Ithimba lakho lokuhlinza liqeqeshwe ukubhekana nanoma yiziphi izinkinga ezingase zivele, futhi izinkinga eziningi zingaxazululwa ngokushesha ngokwelashwa okufanele. Ukulandela imiyalelo yakho ngemva kokuhlinzwa ngokucophelela kusiza ukunciphisa lezi zingozi.

Kufanele ngibone nini udokotela ngemva kwe-tubal ligation?

Udokotela wakho uzohlela i-aphoyintimenti yokulandela ngemva kwamasonto angu-1-2 ngemva kwenqubo yakho ukuze ahlolisise ukuqhubeka kwakho kokwelashwa. Nokho, kufanele uthinte umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezikhathazayo ngaphambi kwalolu hambo oluhleliwe. Izinkinga eziningi zokululama zincane, kodwa ukunaka ngokushesha izimpawu zokuxwayisa kuqinisekisa umphumela ongcono kakhulu.

Ezinye izimpawu zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha ngoba zingase zibonise izinkinga. Unganqikazi ukushayela udokotela wakho uma ukhathazekile nganoma yisiphi isici sokululama kwakho. Kuhlale kungcono ukuxhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo kunokulinda nokukhathazeka.

Xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu obuba sibi kakhulu noma obungathuthuki ngemithi yokwelapha ubuhlungu
• Izimpawu zokutheleleka njengomkhuhlane ongaphezu kuka-101°F, ama-chills, noma izimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane
• Ukuphuma kwegazi eliningi noma ukukhipha okumanzisa iphedi ngehora
• Ububomvu, ukuvuvukala, noma i-pus ezindaweni zokuhlinzwa
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza okukuvimbela ukuthi ungagcini uketshezi phansi
• Ukuphefumula kanzima noma ubuhlungu besifuba
• Izimpawu zokukhulelwa njengokuya esikhathini okungaqali noma ukugula kwasekuseni

Abesifazane abaningi bazizwa bengcono kakhulu phakathi nesonto ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ngakho izimpawu eziqhubekayo noma eziba zimbi ngale nkathi yesikhathi zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lifuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukululama kwakho kuhamba kahle futhi lihlala likhona ukuze libhekane nezinkinga zakho.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana nokubopha amashubhu

Q.1 Ingabe ukubopha amashubhu kuyahlehliswa?

Ukuhlehliswa kokubopha amashubhu kungenzeka kodwa kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunezinqubo zokuqala. Ukuhlinzwa kuhilela ukuxhuma kabusha izingxenye ezivinjiwe noma ezinqanyuliwe zamashubhu akho e-fallopian, kodwa impumelelo ayiqinisekisiwe. Noma ngabe ngemva kokuhlinzwa okuhlehlisiwe, amazinga okukhulelwa ahlukahluka kusuka ku-30-80% kuye ngezinto ezinjengobudala bakho, indlela yokuqala esetshenzisiwe, nokuthi mangaki amashubhu asele.

Inqubo yokuhlehlisa ingena kakhulu kune-tubal ligation yasekuqaleni, ngokuvamile idinga isikhathi eside sokululama futhi ithwala izingozi eziphakeme. Izinhlelo eziningi zomshuwalense azihlanganisi ukuhlinzwa kokuhlehlisa njengoba kubhekwa njengokuzikhethela. Yingakho odokotela begcizelela ukubaluleka kokuqiniseka ngokuphelele ngesinqumo sakho ngaphambi kokuba nokubopha amashubhu.

Q.2 Ingabe ukubopha amashubhu kuthinta amazinga e-hormone?

Ukuboshwa kwamashubhu akuthinti amazinga akho e-hormone ngoba ama-ovari akho aqhubeka nokusebenza ngendlela ejwayelekile ngemuva kwale nqubo. Ukuhlinzwa kuvimba kuphela indlela ephakathi kwama-ovari akho nesibeletho, hhayi ukukhiqizwa kwe-hormone ngokwayo. Amazinga akho e-estrogen ne-progesterone ahlala efana, futhi uzoqhubeka nokuba nemijikelezo yokuya esikhathini ejwayelekile.

Ezinye izintokazi zibika izinguquko emijikelezweni yazo ngemuva kokuboshwa kwamashubhu, kodwa lokhu kuvamile ukuthi kwenzeke ngengozi kunokuthi kubangelwe ngqo ukuhlinzwa. Lezi zinguquko zingase zibangelwe ukuyeka ukulawulwa kokuzalwa kwe-hormonal, ukuguga kwemvelo, noma ezinye izinto. Uma uqaphela izinguquko ezibalulekile emjikelezweni wakho, xoxa ngazo nodokotela wakho ukuze unqande ezinye izimbangela.

Q.3 Ngingakhulelwa yini ngemuva kokuboshwa kwamashubhu?

Ukukhulelwa ngemuva kokuboshwa kwamashubhu akuvamile kakhulu kodwa akunakwenzeka. Le nqubo isebenza ngaphezu kuka-99%, okusho ukuthi abesifazane abangaphansi kuka-1 kwabangu-100 bazokhulelwa ngemuva kokuboshelwa amashubhu abo. Lapho ukukhulelwa kwenzeka, kuvame ukwenzeka ngonyaka wokuqala ngemuva kokuhlinzwa futhi kunengozi enkulu yokuba yi-ectopic.

Uma uba nezimpawu zokukhulelwa ngemuva kokuboshwa kwamashubhu, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha. Ukukhulelwa kwe-ectopic kungaba yingozi empilweni futhi kudinga ukwelashwa okusheshayo kwezokwelapha. Ngenkathi amathuba ephansi kakhulu, kubalulekile ukuqaphela leli thuba futhi ufune ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha uma unokukhathazeka.

Q.4 Ingabe ukuboshwa kwamashubhu kuzothinta impilo yami yocansi?

Ukuboshwa kwamashubhu ngokuvamile akuthinti impilo yakho yocansi ngendlela engemihle futhi kungase kuyithuthukise ngempela kwabesifazane abaningi. Ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngokukhulelwa okungahleliwe, imibhangqwana eminingi ithola ukuthi ingakhululeka futhi ijabulele ukusondelana ngokugcwele. Le nqubo ayishintshi i-anatomy yakho ngezindlela ezingathinta ukuzwa ngokocansi noma ukusebenza.

Abanye besifazane babika ukwaneliseka okukhulu ngokocansi ngemva kokuboshwa kwamashubhu ngoba abasadingi ukukhathazeka ngezindlela zokulawula inzalo ezingase ziphazamise ukuzenzela. Nokho, khumbula ukuthi ukuboshwa kwamashubhu akuvikeli ezifweni ezithathelwana ngocansi, ngakho ungase usadinge izindlela zokuvimbela uma ukuvimbela izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi kuyikukhathalela.

Umbuzo 5. Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama ekuboshweni kwamashubhu?

Abesifazane abaningi balulama ekuboshweni kwamashubhu phakathi kwamasonto angu-1-2, iningi libuyela emisebenzini ejwayelekile ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Amahora okuqala angu-24-48 ngokuvamile ahlanganisa ukungakhululeki okukhulu, okungalawulwa ngemithi yokwelapha ubuhlungu etholakala ngaphandle kwe-oda kanye nokuphumula. Cishe uzozizwa ukhathele ngemva kwe-anesthesia ngosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili.

Ngokuvamile ungakwazi ukubuyela emsebenzini phakathi kwezinsuku ezingu-2-3 uma unomsebenzi wedeski, nakuba kufanele ugweme ukuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo noma ukuzivivinya okunzima cishe isonto elilodwa. Udokotela wakho uzohlinzeka ngemihlahlandlela ethile ngokusekelwe ekuqhubekeleni phambili kwakho kokuphola kanye nohlobo lomsebenzi owenzayo. Abesifazane abaningi bazizwa bebuyele ngokuphelele kwesijwayelekile phakathi namasonto amabili ngemva kwenqubo.