Yini i-Ultrasound? Inhloso, Inqubo & Nemiphumela

I-Ultrasound iyisivivinyo sokuthwebula esiphephile, esingabuhlungu esisebenzisa amaza omsindo ukudala izithombe zangaphakathi komzimba wakho. Cabanga ngayo njengokuthwebula okumnene okusiza odokotela ukuthi babone izitho zakho, izicubu, kanye nokugeleza kwegazi ngaphandle kwanoma yimuphi umsebe noma izinqubo ezingahlaseli.

Leli thuluzi elivamile lezokwelapha belisiza abahlinzeki bezempilo ukuthi bathole izimo futhi baqaphe ukukhulelwa amashumi eminyaka. Ungase ukwazi kahle ekuqeqeshweni kokukhulelwa, kodwa ama-ultrasounds empeleni asetshenziselwa ukuhlola izingxenye eziningi zomzimba wakho, kusuka enhliziyweni yakho kuya esithweni sakho sebhayili.

Yini i-ultrasound?

I-Ultrasound isebenzisa amaza omsindo aphezulu avunguzayo ezakhiweni zomzimba wakho ukudala izithombe zesikhathi sangempela esikrinini sekhompyutha. Amaza omsindo athule ngokuphelele ezindlebeni zomuntu futhi awabangeli ukungakhululeki.

Idivayisi encane ebizwa ngokuthi i-transducer ithumela lawa maza omsindo emzimbeni wakho futhi yamukele ama-echo abuyayo. Izicubu ezihlukene zibonisa amaza omsindo ngendlela ehlukile, okuyindlela umshini odala ngayo izithombe ezinemininingwane. Kufana nendlela ama-dolphin asebenzisa ngayo i-echolocation ukuzulazula ngaphansi kwamanzi.

Izithombe zivela ngokushesha esikrinini, okuvumela umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuthi abone okwenzekayo ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho ngesikhathi sangempela. Lokhu kusabela ngokushesha kwenza ama-ultrasounds abaluleke kakhulu ekutholeni nasekuqapheni ukwelashwa.

Kungani kwenziwa i-ultrasound?

Odokotela batusa ama-ultrasounds ukuthi ahlolisise izitho, athole izimo, futhi aqaphe impilo yakho ngaphandle kokukuchaya emisebeni. Lokhu kubenza baphephe ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane abakhulelwe kanye nabantu abadinga ukuthwebula kaningi.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo angase asikisele i-ultrasound ukuthi ihlole izimpawu ezingachazeki njengobuhlungu besisu, ukuvuvukala, noma izigaxa ezingavamile. Bangase futhi bayisebenzise ukuqondisa izinqubo ezinjenge-biopsies noma ukuhlola ukuthi ukwelashwa kusebenza kahle kangakanani.

Nazi izizathu ezivamile kakhulu zokuthi odokotela ba-oda ama-ultrasounds:

• Ukuqapha ukukhulelwa nokukhula kwengane engakazalwa
• Ukuhlola izitho zesisu njengesibindi, isikhwama sebile, noma izinso
• Ukuhlola ukwakheka nokusebenza kwenhliziyo yakho
• Ukuhlola ukugeleza kwegazi emithanjeni nasemithanjeni yegazi
• Ukuphenya ubuhlungu besinqe noma izinkinga zempilo yokuzala
• Ukuqondisa ama-biopsies anezinaliti noma ezinye izinqubo
• Ukuthola amatshe e-gallstones noma amatshe ezinso
• Ukuhlola ama-nodules e-thyroid noma izigaxa zamabele

Ngokuvamile, ama-ultrasounds asiza ukuxilonga izimo ezingavamile njengezinhlobo ezithile zamathumba noma ukwakheka okungavamile kwemithambo yegazi. Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela ukuthi kungani bencomile leli test elithile lesimo sakho.

Yini inqubo ye-ultrasound?

Inqubo ye-ultrasound iqondile futhi ngokuvamile ithatha imizuzu eyi-15 kuya kwengama-45, kuye ngokuthi iyiphi indawo edinga ukuthi udokotela wakho ayihlole. Uzoqamba amanga ngokunethezeka etafuleni lokuhlolwa ngenkathi uchwepheshe oqeqeshiwe enza ukuskena.

Okokuqala, uchwepheshe uzosebenzisa i-gel ecacile, esekelwe emanzini esikhumbeni sakho endaweni okuhlolwayo. Le gel isiza amaza omsindo ukuthi ahambe kangcono futhi iqede amaphakethe omoya angaphazamisa izithombe.

Okulandelayo, bazohambisa ngobumnene i-transducer esikhumbeni sakho, besebenzisa ingcindezi elula ukuze bathole izithombe ezingcono kakhulu. Ungase uzwe i-transducer icindezelwa ngokuqinile kwezinye izindawo, kodwa lokhu akufanele kubangele ubuhlungu.

Ngesikhathi sokuskena, ungase ucelwe ukuthi ushintshe izikhundla, ubambe umoya wakho ngesikhashana, noma uphuze amanzi ukuze ugcwalise isinye sakho. Lezi zinyathelo zisiza ukudala izithombe ezicacile zezitho ezithile. Uchwepheshe uzokuchazela ukuthi benzeni kuyo yonke le nqubo.

Kwezinye izinhlobo zama-ultrasounds, njengokuskena kwe-transvaginal noma i-transrectal, i-transducer ekhethekile ifakwa emzimbeni. Ngenkathi lokhu kungase kuzizwe kungakhululekile kancane, kunikeza izithombe ezicacile kakhulu zezitho ezithile futhi kusathathwa njengokuphephile kakhulu.

Ungalungela kanjani i-ultrasound yakho?

Ama-ultrasound amaningi awadingi ukulungiswa okuningi, okwenza kube lula kokubili ukuhlolwa okuvamile kanye nezimo eziphuthumayo zezokwelapha. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzokunikeza imiyalelo ethile ngokusekelwe ohlotsheni lwe-ultrasound onalo.

Nge-ultrasound yesisu, ngokuvamile uzodinga ukuzila ukudla amahora angu-8 kuya kwangu-12 ngaphambi kwalokho. Lokhu kusho ukuthi akukho ukudla noma iziphuzo ngaphandle kwamanzi, okusiza ukudala izithombe ezicacile zezitho zakho ngokunciphisa igesi emathunjini akho.

Uma unayo i-ultrasound ye-pelvic, ungase udinge ukuphuza ama-ounces angu-32 amanzi cishe ihora ngaphambi kokuqokwa kwakho futhi ugweme ukuchama. Isinye esigcwele sisusa ezinye izitho endleleni, sidale izithombe ezingcono zezitho zakho zokuzala.

Nakhu ongakulindela ukulungiswa ngokusekelwe ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zama-ultrasound:

• I-ultrasound yesisu: Zila ukudla amahora angu-8-12, gqoka izingubo ezikhululekile
• I-ultrasound ye-Pelvic: Phuza amanzi futhi ugcine isinye esigcwele
• I-ultrasound yokukhulelwa: Ngokuvamile akukho ukulungiswa okukhethekile okudingekayo
• I-ultrasound yenhliziyo: Akukho ukulungiswa okudingekayo, gqoka ihembe elivuleka ngaphambili
• I-ultrasound ye-Thyroid: Akukho ukulungiswa okudingekayo, gwema ukugqoka imigexo

Gqoka izingubo ezikhululekile, ezikhululekile ongazilungisa kalula noma uzisuse uma kudingeka. Ungase unikezwe ingubo yesibhedlela ongayigqoka ngesikhathi senqubo.

Ungawafunda kanjani imiphumela yakho ye-ultrasound?

Imiphumela yakho ye-ultrasound izohunyushwa yi-radiologist, udokotela onguchwepheshe ekufundeni izithombe zezokwelapha. Bazokwenza umbiko onemininingwane ozobukezwa ngumhlinzeki wakho wezempilo, ngokuvamile ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.

Umbiko uzochaza lokho okubonwe yi-radiologist, okuhlanganisa usayizi, ukuma, nokubukeka kwezitho zakho noma izicubu. Bazoqaphela noma yini ebonakala ijwayelekile futhi bagqamise noma yiziphi izindawo ezidinga ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo noma ukulandelela.

Imiphumela ejwayelekile isho ukuthi izitho zakho zibukeka ziphilile futhi zisebenza kahle, ngaphandle kwezimpawu zesifo noma ukungajwayelekile. Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela ukuthi okujwayelekile kubukeka kanjani esimweni sakho esithile kanye neminyaka yakho.

Imiphumela engajwayelekile ayisho ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle. Ukutholwa okuningi okungajwayelekile kulungile, okusho ukuthi akuyona umdlavuza noma kuyingozi ngokushesha. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzokuchazela ukuthi ukutholwa kusho ukuthini nokuthi ngabe kudingeka yini ezinye izivivinyo noma ukwelashwa.

Ezimweni ezingavamile, ama-ultrasounds angathola okutholakele okungalindelekile njengokukhula okungajwayelekile, ukuqoqwa koketshezi, noma ukungajwayelekile kwesakhiwo. Udokotela wakho uzoxoxa ngale miphumela nawe futhi ancome izinyathelo ezifanele ezilandelayo, ezingabandakanya ukucabanga okwengeziwe noma ukubonisana nochwepheshe.

Yiziphi izici eziyingozi zokudinga i-ultrasound?

Ezinye izici zenza kube nokwenzeka ukuthi udokotela wakho uzoncoma i-ultrasound njengengxenye yokunakekelwa kwakho kwezokwelapha. Ubudala buyinto okufanele icatshangelwe, njengoba ezinye izimo ziba zivamile njengoba sikhula.

Umlando wakho womndeni nawo udlala indima. Uma izihlobo eziseduze zibe nezimo ezinjengamatshe e-gall, isifo senhliziyo, noma iminye imidlave, udokotela wakho angase asebenzise ama-ultrasounds ukuze athole kusenesikhathi noma aqaphe.

Nawa amaqiniso avamile angaholela ezincomweni ze-ultrasound:

• Ukukhulelwa, ikakhulukazi uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-35 noma unezici eziyingozi
• Umlando womndeni wesifo senhliziyo, amatshe e-gall, noma eminye imidlave
• Izimpawu ezinjengobuhlungu besisu obungachazeki noma ukuvuvukala
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu noma isifo sikashukela
• Umlando wangaphambilini wamatshe ezinso noma amatshe e-gall
• Amaqhubu angajwayelekile noma amaqhubu atholakala ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa komzimba
• Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwegazi engajwayelekile edinga ukucwaningwa okwengeziwe

Ngokuvamile, izimo zofuzo noma ukuchayeka emithini ethile kungase kwenyuse isidingo sakho sokuqapha njalo nge-ultrasound. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzocabangela izici zakho eziyingozi ngamanye lapho encoma izivivinyo zokucabanga.

Kufanele ngibone nini udokotela ukuze ngithole i-ultrasound?

Kufanele uthinte umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu eziqhubekayo ezingadinga ukuhlolwa nge-ultrasound. Ungalindi uma unobuhlungu obukhulu, ikakhulukazi esiswini sakho noma esifubeni.

Funani ukwelashwa ngokushesha uma uqaphela amaqhuma amasha noma yikuphi emzimbeni wakho, ukuvuvukala okungazelelwe emilenzeni yakho noma esiswini, noma ukuphefumula kanzima okungachazeki. Lezi zimpawu zingase zikhombe izimo ezingasiza ama-ultrasounds ukuthi zitholwe.

Nazi izimpawu ezivame ukufuna ukuhlolwa nge-ultrasound:

• Ubuhlungu besisu obuqhubekayo noma ukuqaqamba
• Ukuvuvukala okungachazeki emilenzeni yakho, esiswini, noma entanyeni
• Amaqhuma amasha noma ama-masses ongawazwa
• Ukuphuma kwegazi okungavamile esithweni sangasese noma ubuhlungu besinqulu
• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukuphefumula kanzima
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu elinamandla elinoshintsho embonweni
• Izimpawu zokukhulelwa noma izinkathazo zokuzala

Ezimweni eziphuthumayo, njengobuhlungu obukhulu besisu, ubuhlungu besifuba, noma izimpawu zokushaywa unhlangothi, funani ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha. Iminyango ephuthumayo ivame ukusebenzisa ama-ultrasounds ukuze ithole izimo ezinzima ngokushesha.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana nama-ultrasounds

Q.1 Ingabe ukuhlolwa nge-ultrasound kulungile ekutholeni umdlavuza?

Ama-ultrasounds angathola ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza, kodwa awona ithuluzi eliyinhloko lokuhlola imidlavuza eminingi. Alungele ukuthola izimila ezingaphakathi ezingxenyeni zomzimba ezinjengesibindi, ama-ovari, noma i-thyroid, futhi angasiza ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwama-masses aqinile nama-cysts agcwele uketshezi.

Noma kunjalo, ama-ultrasounds anemingcele. Awakwazi ukubona kahle amathambo noma izitho ezigcwele igesi, ngakho-ke angase aphuthelwe imidlavuza ezindaweni ezinjengamaphaphu noma ikholoni. Udokotela wakho uzokhetha ukuhlolwa okungcono kakhulu kokucabanga ngokuya ngezimpawu zakho kanye nohlobo lomdlavuza abakhathazekile ngalo.

Q.2 Ingabe i-ultrasound ibangela imiphumela emibi?

Ama-ultrasound athathwa njengaphephile kakhulu ngaphandle kwemiphumela emibi eyaziwayo noma izingozi zesikhathi eside. Ngokungafani nemisebe ye-X noma ama-CT scans, awasebenzisi imisebe, okwenza aphephele abesifazane abakhulelwe kanye nabantu abadinga ukuthwebula izithombe kaningi.

Ukuqina okuncane kuphela ongase ukuzwe kuvela ku-gel ezizwa ibanda esikhumbeni sakho noma ukucindezela okuncane okuvela ku-transducer. Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi ama-ultrasound angaphakathi awakhululekile kancane, kodwa awabuhlungu futhi ukuqina kungokwesikhashana.

Q.3 Ingabe imiphumela ye-ultrasound inembile kangakanani?

Ukunemba kwe-Ultrasound kuncike esimweni esihlolwayo kanye nekhono likanobuchwepheshe kanye ne-radiologist. Ukuze uthole izinsuku zokukhulelwa nokuqapha, ama-ultrasound anembile kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ku-trimester yokuqala.

Ukuze kutholwe amatshe e-gallstones noma amatshe ezinso, ama-ultrasound anembile cishe ngama-95%. Kodwa-ke, angase aphuthelwe amatshe amancane kakhulu noma lawo afihlwe ngemuva kwegesi noma ezinye izitho. Udokotela wakho angase ancome ezinye izivivinyo uma bedinga ulwazi oluningiliziwe.

Q.4 Ngingadla ngaphambi kwe-ultrasound?

Noma ngabe ungadla ngaphambi kwe-ultrasound kuncike ohlotsheni olutholayo. Kuma-ultrasound amaningi esiswini, uzodinga ukuzila ukudla amahora angu-8 kuya kwangu-12 ngaphambi kwesikhathi ukuze uqinisekise izithombe ezicacile.

Kuma-ultrasound okukhulelwa, ama-ultrasound enhliziyo, noma ama-ultrasound e-thyroid, ngokuvamile ungadla ngokujwayelekile ngaphambi kokuqokwa kwakho. Njalo landela imiyalelo ethile umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo akunika yona, njengoba izidingo zokulungiselela ziyahlukahluka.

Q.5 Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthola imiphumela ye-ultrasound?

Imiphumela eminingi ye-ultrasound itholakala phakathi kwezinsuku zebhizinisi eziyi-1 kuya kwezi-3. I-radiologist idinga isikhathi sokubuyekeza ngokucophelela izithombe zakho futhi ibhale umbiko onemininingwane kumhlinzeki wakho wezempilo.

Ezimweni eziphuthumayo, imiphumela ingase itholakale kungakapheli amahora ambalwa. Uma usesibhedlela noma emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo, odokotela bangavame ukuthola imiphumela yokuqala ngokushesha ukusiza ukuqondisa ukwelashwa kwakho. Umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo uzokuthinta uma esethole umbiko wokugcina.