Yini i-Urinalysis? Inhloso, Inqubo & Imiphumela

I-Urinalysis iyisivivinyo somchamo esilula esisiza udokotela wakho ukuthi ahlolisise impilo yakho yonke futhi abone izinkinga ezingase zibe khona kusenesikhathi. Cabanga ngayo njengewindi eliwusizo elibheka ngaphakathi kokwenzeka emzimbeni wakho - umchamo wakho ungadalula izinkomba ezibalulekile mayelana nezinso zakho, isinye, nezinye izitho.

Lolu vivinyo oluvamile luhlola umbala, ukucaca, kanye nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali esampula lakho lomchamo. Abantu abaningi bazoba ne-urinalysis ngesikhathi esithile, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okuvamile noma lapho kuhlolwa izimpawu ezithile.

Yini i-urinalysis?

I-Urinalysis iyisivivinyo saselebhu esihlola umchamo wakho ukuze kutholwe futhi kulinganiswe izinto ezihlukahlukene umzimba wakho ozikhiqizayo noma azikhiphayo. Izinso zakho zihlunga imikhiqizo yemfucuza egazini lakho, futhi lezi zinto ezihlungiwe zigcina zisemchamweni wakho kanye namanzi amaningi.

Uvivinyo lubheka izici ezintathu eziyinhloko zomchamo wakho. Okokuqala, luhlola izakhiwo zomzimba ezifana nombala nokucaca. Okwesibili, lulinganisa izingxenye zamakhemikhali ezifana namaprotheni, i-glucose, kanye namaseli egazi. Okwesithathu, luhlola noma yiziphi izakhi ze-microscopic ezifana namagciwane noma amakristalu angase abe khona.

Abahlinzeki bezempilo basebenzisa lolu lwazi ukuhlola ukuthi izinso zakho kanye nesistimu yomchamo zisebenza kahle kangakanani. Ngesinye sezivivinyo zezokwelapha ezi-odiwa njalo ngoba zisheshe, azibuhlungu, futhi zinikeza imininingwane ebalulekile yezempilo.

Kungani kwenziwa i-urinalysis?

Udokotela wakho angase a-ode i-urinalysis ngezizathu eziningana ezibalulekile, futhi ukuqonda lezi kungasiza ukuthulisa ingqondo yakho. Ngokuvamile, kuyingxenye yokuhlolwa kwakho okuvamile kwezempilo ukuze kubanjwe izinkinga ezingase zibe khona ngaphambi kokuba zibe yizinkinga ezinkulu.

Uvivinyo lusebenza njethuluzi elihle lokuxilonga uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezithile. Uma unobuhlungu ngesikhathi sokuchama, ukuchama njalo, igazi emchamweni wakho, noma ubuhlungu emhlane ongezansi, i-urinalysis ingasiza ukukhomba imbangela.

Abahlinzeki bezempilo nabo basebenzisa leli test ukubheka izimo ezikhona. Uma unesifo sikashukela, isifo sezinso, noma umfutho wegazi ophezulu, ukuhlaziywa komchamo njalo kusiza ukulandela ukuthi ukwelashwa kwakho kusebenza kahle kangakanani nokuthi ngabe kudingeka yini ukulungiswa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlaziywa komchamo kuvame ukudingeka ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa noma ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ukuqinisekisa isimo sakho sempilo esiphelele. Iphinde isetshenziswe ekuhlolweni kwempilo emsebenzini noma lapho ufaka isicelo sezinhlobo ezithile zomshuwalense.

Yini inqubo yokuhlaziywa komchamo?

Inqubo yokuhlaziywa komchamo iqondile futhi ngokuvamile ithatha imizuzu embalwa nje yesikhathi sakho. Uzocelwa ukuthi unikeze isampula lomchamo esitsheni esihlanzekile, okuyilapho ilebhu izohlaziya khona.

Ngokuvamile, uzoqoqa okubizwa ngokuthi

Noma kunjalo, kunezinto ezimbalwa ezingasiza ekuqinisekiseni imiphumela enembile. Uma kungenzeka, zama ukunikeza isampula lakho uma ungachamanga okungenani ihora elilodwa. Lokhu kunika umchamo wakho isikhathi sokugxila, okungenza izinto ezithile zitholakale kalula.

Udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuthi ugweme imithi ethile noma ukudla ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, kodwa lokhu akudingekile ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ezinye izinto ezingase zithinte imiphumela yakho zihlanganisa:

• Izithasiselo zikaVithamini C (zingathinta ukufundwa kwe-glucose)
• Ama-antibiotics athile
• Imithi yokwehlisa umfutho wegazi
• Ukudla okufana nama-beet noma ama-blackberry (kungashintsha umbala womchamo)

Uma uya esikhathini, yazisa umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo, njengoba lokhu kungase kuthinte imiphumela. Bangase baphakamise ukulinda noma bazohumusha imiphumela ngalolu lwazi engqondweni.

Okubaluleke kakhulu, ungakhathazeki ngokuphuza amanzi engeziwe noma ukukhawulela uketshezi ngaphandle uma uqondiswe ngqo. Izinga lakho elijwayelekile lokuthatha amanzi lizohlinzeka ngomfanekiso onembile kakhulu wempilo yakho.

Ungawafunda kanjani imiphumela yakho ye-urinalysis?

Ukuqonda imiphumela yakho ye-urinalysis akudingeki kube nzima, futhi umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzohlala echaza ukuthi okutholakele kusho ukuthini ngesimo sakho esithile. Umbiko ngokuvamile uhlanganisa izilinganiso eziningana ezihlukene nokubheka.

Ukuhlolwa komzimba kubheka umbala, ukucaca, nephunga. Umchamo ojwayelekile uvame ukuba ophuzi okhanyayo kuya ku-amber ngombala futhi ucacile kunokuba libe yifu. Okuphuzi okumnyama kungase kubonise ukoma, kuyilapho imibala ebomvu noma emdaka ingase isikisela igazi noma ezinye izinto.

Ukuhlaziywa kwamakhemikhali kulinganisa izinto ezihlukahlukene emchamweni wakho. Nawa amaphuzu abalulekile udokotela wakho azowabuyekeza:

• Amazinga amaprotheni (ngokuvamile aphansi kakhulu noma angekho)
• I-glucose (kufanele ibe negative ngokuvamile)
• Amaseli egazi (amanani amancane angase abe ajwayelekile)
• Amaseli amhlophe egazi (amazinga aphakeme angase abonise ukutheleleka)
• Amagciwane (ukuba khona kungase kusikisela ukutheleleka kwendlela yokuchama)
• Izinga le-pH (likala ukuthi umchamo wakho unama-asidi kangakanani noma uyisisekelo)

Ukuhlolwa ngemicroscopic kubheka amaseli, amakristalu, noma ezinye izinhlayiya. Amanani amancane ezinto ezithile avame ukuba ajwayelekile, kodwa amazinga aphezulu angase abonise izimo ezihlukahlukene udokotela wakho angasiza ukuzixazulula.

Khumbula ukuthi imiphumela engajwayelekile ayisho ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuthi unesifo esibi. Izinto eziningi zingathinta okwesikhashana umchamo wakho, futhi umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzocabangela isithombe sakho sonke sempilo lapho echaza imiphumela.

Ungawathuthukisa kanjani imiphumela yakho ye-urinalysis?

Uma i-urinalysis yakho ikhombisa okuthile okungajwayelekile, ngokuvamile kunezinyathelo ezilula ongazithatha ukuze uthuthukise imiphumela yakho futhi usekele impilo yakho yomchamo. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi izinkinga eziningi zomchamo ziphendula kahle ekushintsheni indlela yokuphila.

Ukuhlala unamanzi kahle kungenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ongazenza. Ukuphuza amanzi anele kusiza ukugeza amagciwane ohlelweni lwakho lomchamo futhi kunciphisa izinto ezingase zakhe amakristalu noma amatshe. Hlela ukuthola umchamo ocacile kuya kophuzi olukhanyayo njengophawu lokuhidreyithi okuhle.

Ukudla kwakho kungenza umehluko omkhulu. Cabangela lokhu kulungiswa kokudla okusizayo:

• Nciphisa ukudla kwe-sodium ukuze kube lula umsebenzi wezinso
• Khawulela ukudla okucutshungulwe noshukela owengeziwe
• Faka ijusi le-cranberry noma izithasiselo (kungasiza ekuvikeleni ama-UTI)
• Yidla izithelo nemifino eningi ngama-antioxidants emvelo
• Ukudla kwamaprotheni okulingene uma unezinkinga zezinso

Imikhuba emihle yokuhlanzeka ibalulekile ekuvikeleni izifo. Hlala usula ngaphambili ukuya emuva, chamo ngemva kocansi, futhi gwema ukubamba umchamo wakho isikhathi eside.

Uma unesifo sikashukela, ukulawula kahle ushukela wegazi kubalulekile ukuvikela izinso zakho nokuthuthukisa imiphumela ye-urinalysis. Sebenzisana eduze nethimba lakho lezempilo ukuze uthuthukise ukuphathwa kwesifo sikashukela sakho.

Ziyini izici eziyingozi zemiphumela engavamile ye-urinalysis?

Izici eziningana zingakhuphula amathuba okuba nemiphumela engavamile ye-urinalysis, kodwa ukuqonda lezi zingozi kungakusiza ukuthi uthathe izinyathelo zokuvimbela. Eziningi zalezi zici eziyingozi ziyaqondakala ngokunakekelwa okufanele nokunakwa.

Ubudala bunendima, njengoba ukusebenza kwezinso kwehla ngokwemvelo njengoba sikhula. Abesifazane bavame kakhulu ukutheleleka ngamathambo omchamo ngenxa ye-urethra yabo emfushane, okwenza kube lula ngamagciwane ukufinyelela esinyeni.

Izimo ezithile zezokwelapha zingathinta imiphumela yakho ye-urinalysis. Lezi zimo ezivamile zifanelwe ukunakwa okukhethekile:

• Isifo sikashukela (singabangela i-glucose namaprotheni emchameni)
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu (ungalimaza izinso ngokuhamba kwesikhathi)
• Isifo sezinso noma umlando womndeni wezinkinga zezinso
• Izimo ze-Autoimmune ezifana ne-lupus
• Ukutheleleka kwamathambo omchamo njalo
• I-prostate enwetshiwe emadodeni

Izici zokuphila nazo zingathinta imiphumela yakho. Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, ukudla amaprotheni ngokweqile, ukuzivocavoca okukhulu, kanye nemithi ethile kungase kuthinte okwesikhashana ukwakheka komchamo wakho.

Ukukhulelwa kushintsha ngokwemvelo ukwakheka komchamo, futhi abesifazane abakhulelwe baqashwa eduze kakhulu ngamazinga amaprotheni ne-glucose. Ukuba nomlando womndeni wesifo sezinso noma isifo sikashukela nakho kwandisa ingozi yakho yemiphumela engavamile.

Izindaba ezikhuthazayo ukuthi eziningi zalezi zici eziyingozi zingalawulwa ngokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okuvamile, izinqumo zokuphila ezinempilo, kanye nokungenelela kwasekuqaleni lapho izinkinga zitholakala.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingaba khona zemiphumela engavamile ye-urinalysis?

Ngenkathi imiphumela engavamile yokuhlaziywa komchamo ingakhathaza, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi okuningi okutholakele kuyelapheka, ikakhulukazi uma kutholwe kusenesikhathi. Okubalulekile ukusebenza nodokotela wakho ukubhekana nanoma yiziphi izinkinga ngokushesha.

Izifo zamathumbu zomchamo ezingelashwa zingase zisakazekele ezinso zakho, okubangela izinkinga ezingathi sína. Kodwa-ke, iningi le-UTI liphendula ngokushesha ekwelashweni okufanele ngama-antibiotics, futhi izinkinga azivamile lapho izifo zelashwa ngokushesha.

Amaprotheni aqhubekayo emchamweni wakho angase abonise ukulimala kwezinso okungase kube kubi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi uma kungalungiswa. Yingakho ukuqapha njalo kubaluleke kakhulu kubantu abanesifo sikashukela noma umfutho wegazi ophezulu.

Ezinye izinkinga odokotela abazama ukuzivimbela zihlanganisa:

• Ukutheleleka kwezinso (pyelonephritis) okuvela kuma-UTI angalashwanga
• Isifo sezinso esiqhubekayo esivela esifweni sikashukela esingalawuleki noma umfutho wegazi ophezulu
• Amathambo ezinso avela ekwakhekeni kwamanye amakristalu
• I-Sepsis evela ezifweni ezinzima, ezingelashwanga (ezingavamile kodwa eziyingozi)

Igazi emchamweni, ngenkathi livame ukuba ngaphandle kwengozi, ngezinye izikhathi libonisa izimo ezingathi sína ezidinga ukuhlolwa ngokushesha. Udokotela wakho uzoqaphela ukuthi ngabe kudingeka yini ezinye izivivinyo ngokuya ngesimo sakho esithile.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi ukutholwa kusenesikhathi ngokuhlaziywa komchamo kuvumela ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi, okunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yezinkinga. Ukuhlolwa okulandelayo njalo kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi noma yikuphi ukwelashwa kusebenza ngempumelelo.

Kufanele ngibone nini udokotela ngemiphumela yami yokuhlaziywa komchamo?

Kufanele uthinte umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo noma nini lapho uthola imiphumela engavamile yokuhlaziywa komchamo, kodwa ungesabi - ukungajwayelekile okuningi kulula ukukwelapha. Udokotela wakho uzosiza ukunquma ukuthi ngabe isinyathelo esiphuthumayo siyadingeka noma ngabe ukuqapha kuyindlela engcono kakhulu.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu kanye nemiphumela engavamile. Lezi zimpawu ziqinisekisa ukuhlolwa okusheshayo:

• Ukuvutha noma ubuhlungu ngesikhathi sokuchama
• Isidingo esivamile, esiphuthumayo sokuchama
• Igazi elibonakalayo emchameni wakho
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu emhlane noma ohlangothini
• Umkhuhlane kanye nezimpawu zomchamo
• Umchamo onamafu noma onukayo ngokuqhubekayo

Uma unesifo sikashukela noma isifo sezinso, noma yikuphi okutholakele okungajwayelekile ekuhlolweni komchamo kufanele kuxoxwe nethimba lakho lezempilo ngokushesha. Lezi zimo zidinga ukuqapha okuseduze ukuvimbela izinkinga.

Ukuze uthole ukuhlolwa okuvamile ngemiphumela engajwayelekile kancane futhi ngaphandle kwezimpawu, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuphinda ukuhlolwa emasontweni ambalwa noma izinyanga ezimbalwa. Ngezinye izikhathi, izinto zesikhashana njengokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni noma ukuzivivinya kwamuva kungabangela okutholakele okungajwayelekile.

Thembela emizweni yakho - uma kukhona okungahambi kahle ngempilo yakho yomchamo, kuhlale kufanelekile ukufuna isiqondiso sezokwelapha. Ukungenelela kwasekuqaleni kuvame ukuholela emiphumeleni engcono nokuthula kwengqondo.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana nokuhlolwa komchamo

Q.1 Ingabe ukuhlolwa komchamo kulungele ukuthola isifo sezinso?

Yebo, ukuhlolwa komchamo kuyithuluzi elihle lokuhlola isifo sezinso, ikakhulukazi ezigabeni zaso zokuqala. Ukuhlolwa kungathola amaprotheni, igazi, nezinye izinto ezingase zibonise izinkinga zezinso ngaphambi kokuthi ube nazimpawu.

Amaprotheni emchameni wakho ngokuvamile angomunye wezimpawu zokuqala zomonakalo wezinso. Izinso zakho ngokuvamile zigcina amaprotheni egazini lakho, ngakho ukuthola amanani amakhulu emchameni wakho kusikisela ukuthi uhlelo lokuhlunga alusebenzi kahle. Lokhu kwenza ukuhlolwa komchamo kube yigugu ikakhulukazi kubantu abanesifo sikashukela noma umfutho wegazi ophezulu, abasengozini enkulu yesifo sezinso.

Q.2 Ingabe amaprotheni amaningi emchameni ahlala esho isifo sezinso?

Cha, amaprotheni amaningi emchameni akuhlali kubonisa isifo sezinso, nakuba ngokuqinisekile kuyinto udokotela wakho azofuna ukuyiphenya ngokuqhubekayo. Izimo eziningana zesikhashana noma ezingathí sina zingabangela ukuthi amaprotheni avele emchameni wakho.

Ukuvivinya umzimba okukhulu, umkhuhlane, ukucindezeleka, noma ukuma isikhathi eside kungakhuphula amazinga amaprotheni okwesikhashana. Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, imithi ethile, kanye nezifo zomgudu womchamo nazo zingabangela ukukhuphuka kwamaprotheni. Kodwa-ke, ukuphakama kwamaprotheni okuqhubekayo ngaphezu kokuhlolwa okuningi kufanele kuhlolwe izinso futhi kungenzeka ukwelashwa.

Q.3 Ingabe ukuhlolwa komchamo kungathola isifo sikashukela?

Ukuhlolwa komchamo kungahlinzeka ngemikhondo ebalulekile mayelana nesifo sikashukela, ikakhulukazi uma amazinga kashukela egazini lakho ephakeme kakhulu. Lapho i-glucose yegazi iba phezulu kakhulu, izinso zakho azikwazi ukumunca wonke ushukela, futhi uthela emchameni wakho.

Kodwa-ke, ukuhlolwa komchamo kuphela akwanele ukuxilonga isifo sikashukela. Abantu abaningi abanesifo sikashukela sokuqala noma esilawulwa kahle banamazinga kashukela ajwayelekile emchameni. Udokotela wakho uzodinga ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze axilongwe ngokuqinisekile isifo sikashukela, kodwa ukuthola i-glucose emchameni wakho kuvame ukubangela lokhu kuhlolwa okwengeziwe.

Q.4 Ngingakanani kufanele ngibe nokuhlolwa komchamo?

Ukuvama kokuhlolwa komchamo kuncike eminyakeni yakho, isimo sempilo, kanye nezici eziyingozi. Kubantu abadala abanempilo, ukuhlolwa komchamo kuvame ukufakwa ekuhlolweni komzimba konyaka noma lapho kuvela izimpawu.

Uma unesifo sikashukela, isifo sezinso, noma umfutho wegazi ophezulu, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuhlolwa komchamo njalo emavikini angu-3-6 ukuze aqaphe isimo sakho. Abesifazane abakhulelwe bavame ukuba nokuhlolwa komchamo ngaso sonke isikhathi sokuvakasha kwangaphambi kokuzalwa. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzonquma uhlelo olungcono kakhulu olusekelwe ezidingweni zakho zempilo ngazinye kanye nezici eziyingozi.

Q.5 Ingabe imithi ingawathinta imiphumela yokuhlolwa komchamo?

Yebo, imithi eminingi ingawathinta imiphumela yokuhlolwa komchamo, kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi kufanele uyeke ukuthatha imithi enqunyiwe. Ezinye izibulali-magciwane, imithi yomfutho wegazi, ngisho nezithasiselo ezingaphezu kwe-counter zingashintsha okwesikhashana ukwakheka komchamo wakho.

Hlala wazisa umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngayo yonke imithi kanye nezithasiselo ozithathayo ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Bangakwazi ukuhumusha imiphumela yakho ngendlela efanele futhi banqume ukuthi ngabe yikuphi okutholakele okuhlobene nemithi yakho noma okukhombisa ukukhathazeka ngempilo okudinga ukunakwa.