Yini i-Vertebroplasty? Inhloso, Inqubo & Imiphumela

I-Vertebroplasty iyinqubo encane lapho odokotela bejova usimende wezokwelapha e-vertebra ephukile noma ebuthakathaka emgogodleni wakho. Lokhu kwelashwa kwabantu abangaguli esibhedlela kusiza ukuzinzisa ithambo futhi kunganciphisa kakhulu ubuhlungu bomhlane obubangelwa ukuphuka kokucindezela. Le nqubo ngokuvamile ithatha cishe ihora elilodwa futhi inikeza impumuzo lapho ukwelashwa okuvamile kungasebenzi.

Yini i-vertebroplasty?

I-Vertebroplasty iyinqubo ekhethekile yomgogodla eqinisa ama-vertebra alimele isebenzisa usimende wamathambo. Udokotela wakho usebenzisa isiqondiso sokucabanga ukuze ajove ngokucophelela ingxube ekhethekile kasimende ngqo ethambweni eliphukile ngentambo encane.

Usimende uqina ngokushesha ngaphakathi kwe-vertebra yakho, udala ukwesekwa kwangaphakathi okuzinzisa isakhiwo sethambo. Le nqubo ifana nokugcwalisa ukuqhekeka kukakhonkolo ukuze kuphinde kuqine. Le nqubo yaqala ukuthuthukiswa ngeminyaka yawo-1980 futhi isize izinkulungwane zabantu ukuthi babuyisele ukuhamba futhi banciphise ubuhlungu.

Iziguli eziningi zithola impumuzo ebuhlungu ngokushesha, nakuba ezinye zingase zibone ukuthuthuka kancane kancane ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Usimende uba yingxenye ehlala njalo yomgogodla wakho, unikeza ukwesekwa kwesakhiwo esihlala isikhathi eside ukuvimbela ukuwa okuqhubekayo kwe-vertebra elashwayo.

Kungani kwenziwa i-vertebroplasty?

I-Vertebroplasty yenziwa ikakhulukazi ukwelapha ukuphuka kokucindezela okubuhlungu emgogodleni wakho okungelaphekanga kahle ngokwelashwa okuvamile. Lokhu kuphuka kuvame kakhulu ukwenzeka kubantu abane-osteoporosis, lapho amathambo eba buthakathaka futhi athambekele ekuphukeni.

Udokotela wakho angase ancome le nqubo uma ube nobuhlungu obukhulu bomhlane amasonto amaningana noma izinyanga ngaphandle kokuthuthuka. Ubuhlungu buvame ukuba sibi kakhulu uma ume, uhamba, noma unyakaza, futhi bungase bukhawulele imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke kakhulu.

Ngaphandle kwokuphuka kwe-osteoporotic, i-vertebroplasty ingasiza futhi ngokuphuka okubangelwa umdlavuza osabalale emgogodleni noma izimila ezingenasici eziqeda amandla ethambo. Kwezinye izimo, odokotela bayayisebenzisa ukuqinisa ama-vertebrae ngaphambi kokuphuka ezigulini ezinamathambo abuthakathaka kakhulu.

Le nqubo iba yindlela yokwelapha uma ukuphumula embhedeni, imithi yokudambisa ubuhlungu, kanye nokusebenzisa izinto zokusekela kungazange kunikeze ukukhululeka okwanele ngemuva kwamasonto angu-6-8. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizohlola ngokucophelela ukuthi i-vertebroplasty ilungile yini esimweni sakho esithile.

Yini inqubo ye-vertebroplasty?

I-Vertebroplasty ngokuvamile yenziwa njengenqubo yeziguli ezingaphandle esibhedlela noma emtholampilo okhethekile. Uzothola i-sedation eqwashile kanye ne-anesthesia yendawo ukuze uhlale ukhululekile, nakuba uzohlala uvukile ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.

Udokotela wakho uzokubeka ubuso bakho bubheke phansi etafuleni lenqubo futhi asebenzise izithombe ze-X-ray eziqhubekayo ukuqondisa yonke inqubo. Bazohlanza futhi bafake amagciwane esikhumbeni ngemuva kwakho, bese bejova umuthi wokuba ndikindiki endaweni yokwelapha.

Nakhu okwenzekayo ngesikhathi senqubo enkulu:

1. Inaliti encane ifakwa ngokucophelela esikhumbeni sakho naseziculwini eziya ku-vertebrae ephukile
2. Udokotela wakho usebenzisa izithombe ze-X-ray zesikhathi sangempela ukuqinisekisa ukubekwa okunembile kwenaliti
3. Usimende wezokwelapha ujovwa kancane ngayo inaliti emathanjeni
4. Usimende ugcwalisa izikhala ngaphakathi kwe-vertebrae ephukile
5. Inaliti iyasuswa uma usimende uqala ukuqina

Yonke inqubo ngokuvamile ithatha imizuzu engama-45 kuya kwelilodwa nge-vertebrae ngayinye. Uma unezinhlobonhlobo zokuphuka, udokotela wakho angase alathe ama-vertebrae amaningana ngeseshini efanayo, okuzokwandisa isikhathi senqubo ngokufanele.

Ungalungiselela kanjani i-vertebroplasty yakho?

Ukulungiselela i-vertebroplasty kuqala ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kwenqubo yakho ngokulungiswa okubalulekile kwemithi nendlela yokuphila. Udokotela wakho uzonikeza imiyalelo ethile eyenzelwe izimo zakho zempilo nemithi yamanje.

Kuzodingeka uyeke ukuthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi efana ne-warfarin, i-aspirin, noma i-clopidogrel ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kwenqubo. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizokutshela ngqo ukuthi uyeke nini imithi ngayinye nokuthi ngabe udinga ezinye izindlela zesikhashana.

Nawa amanyathelo abalulekile okulungiselela okuzodingeka uwalandele:

• Lungiselela othile ukuthi akuqhubele ekhaya ngemuva kwenqubo
• Ungadli noma ungaphuhi lutho amahora angu-8 ngaphambi kokuqokwa kwakho
• Thatha imithi yakho ejwayelekile ngamanzi amancane ngaphandle kokuthi uqondiswe ngenye indlela
• Gqoka izingubo ezikhululekile, ezixekile okulula ukuzishintsha
• Susa ubucwebe, amalensi okuxhumana, namazinyo okwenziwa ngaphambi kwenqubo
• Tshela ithimba lakho nganoma yikuphi ukungezwani komzimba, ikakhulukazi kumbala ohlukile noma imithi

Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizobuye libuyekeze izifundo zakho zakamuva zokuthwebula izithombe futhi lingase li-ode ama-X-ray noma ama-MRI scans abuyekeziwe. Lokhu kubasiza ukuthi bahlele indlela eqondile futhi baqinisekise ukuthi i-vertebroplasty iseyona ndlela engcono yokwelapha isimo sakho.

Ungawafunda kanjani imiphumela yakho ye-vertebroplasty?

Impumelelo ngemuva kwe-vertebroplasty ngokuyinhloko ilinganiswa ngokuqeda kwakho ubuhlungu kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwekhono lakho lokwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke. Iziguli eziningi zibona ukuncipha okukhulu kobuhlungu kungakapheli amahora angu-24-48, yize ezinye zithola ukukhululeka ngokushesha ngemuva kwenqubo.

Udokotela wakho uzosebenzisa izifundo zokuthwebula izithombe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi usimende ugcwalise kahle i-vertebra ephukile futhi wazinzisa ithambo. Ama-X-ray alandelayo ngokuvamile abonisa usimende njengendawo emhlophe ekhanyayo ngaphakathi kwe-vertebra elashwe, okukhombisa ukubekwa okuphumelelayo.

Amazinga obuhlungu avame ukuhlolwa kusetshenziswa isikali esisuka ku-0 kuya ku-10, lapho u-0 esho ukuthi akukho buhlungu kanti u-10 umele ubuhlungu obukhulu. Iziguli eziningi zibika ukuthi ubuhlungu bazo behla kusuka ku-7-8 ngaphambi kwenqubo baya ku-2-3 ngemva kwalokho. Ukuqedwa okuphelele kobuhlungu akulona ngaso sonke isikhathi okungokoqobo, kodwa ukuthuthuka okukhulu kuvamile.

Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizohlola nokuthuthuka kwakho kokuhamba nokusebenza ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okulandelayo. Ukukwazi ukuhamba amabanga amade, ukulala kangcono, nokwenza imisebenzi yasekhaya kalula konke kuyizinkomba ezinhle zokuphumelela kokwelashwa.

Ungayithuthukisa kanjani ukululama kwakho kwe-vertebroplasty?

Ukuthuthukiswa kokululama ngemva kwe-vertebroplasty kugxila ekuvumeleni usimende ukuthi uqine ngokugcwele ngenkathi ubuyela kancane kancane emisebenzini ejwayelekile. Amahora okuqala angu-24 abalulekile ukuze ukuphola okulungile nokuzinza kukasimende.

Kuzodingeka ulale ngomhlane wakho amahora angu-1-2 ngemva nje kwenqubo ukuze uvimbele ukuvuza kukasimende. Ngesikhathi lesi, usimende wezokwelapha uyaqhubeka nokuqina nokunamathela nezicubu zakho zamathambo.

Nansi imigqa yesikhathi sokululama kwakho nemihlahlandlela ebalulekile:

• Amahora okuqala angu-24: Gwema ukuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo futhi unciphise ukugoba noma ukusonta
• Izinsuku 2-7: Khulisa kancane ukuhamba nemisebenzi elula yansuku zonke
• Iviki 2-4: Qala kabusha imisebenzi eminingi ejwayelekile kodwa gwema ukuzivocavoca okunamandla amakhulu
• Inyanga 1-3: Buyela kancane kancane emisebenzini yomzimba edinga kakhulu njengoba kutholakala
• Okuqhubekayo: Landela izincomo zikadokotela wakho zokwelashwa kwe-osteoporosis

Ukuphathwa kobuhlungu ngesikhathi sokululama ngokuvamile kuhilela imithi engaphezu kwe-counter efana ne-acetaminophen noma i-ibuprofen. Udokotela wakho uzonikeza isiqondiso esithile mayelana nokuthi ungawaqala nini kabusha noma yimiphi imithi yokunciphisa igazi obuyithatha ngaphambi kwenqubo.

Ziyini izici eziyingozi zokudinga i-vertebroplasty?

Izinto eziningana zikhuphula amathuba akho okuthuthukisa ukuqhekeka kokucindezela okungase kudingeke i-vertebroplasty. Ukuqonda lezi zinto eziyingozi kungakusiza ukuthi uthathe izinyathelo zokuvimbela futhi uxoxe ngezinkinga nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo.

I-Osteoporosis iyona nto eyingozi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ethinta abesifazane abase-postmenopausal kanye nabantu abadala. Lesi simo senza amathambo abe porous futhi abuthakathaka, okwenza ngisho nokuwa okuncane noma ukunyakaza kube nokwenzeka okuqhekezayo.

Nazi izinto eziyingozi eziyinhloko ezikhuphula amathuba okuqhekeka:

• Ubudala obuthuthukile, ikakhulukazi ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala
• Ubulili besifazane ngenxa yezinguquko zamahomoni ngemva kokuya esikhathini
• Ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kwemithi ye-corticosteroid
• Umlando womndeni we-osteoporosis noma ukuqhekeka
• Ukubhema nokusetshenziswa ngokweqile kotshwala
• Ukuphila okungahambisani nokuzivocavoca okulinganiselwe okuthwala isisindo
• Ukudla okungenamsoco, ikakhulukazi i-calcium enganele kanye novithamini D

Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha nazo zikhuphula ingozi yokuqhekeka, okuhlanganisa i-rheumatoid arthritis, i-hyperparathyroidism, kanye nezifo ze-gastrointestinal ezithinta ukumuncwa kwezakhi. Umdlavuza osabalala emathanjeni umelela enye into eyingozi enkulu yokuqhekeka kwe-vertebral.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingaba khona ze-vertebroplasty?

I-Vertebroplasty ngokuvamile ithathwa njengenqubo ephephile, kodwa njenganoma yikuphi ukungenelela kwezokwelapha, ithwala ezinye izingozi ezingaba khona nezinkinga. Izinkinga eziningi zivamile futhi zilawuleka uma zenzeka.

Izinkinga ezincane ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa ukwanda okwesikhashana kobuhlungu emhlane, ubuhlungu bemisipha, kanye namanani amancane okuvuza usimende okungabangeli izimpawu. Lezi zinkinga ngokuvamile zixazululwa phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa kuya emavikini ngaphandle kokwelashwa okwengeziwe.

Nazi izinkinga ezingaba khona, ezihlelwe kusukela kokuvamile kuya kokungavamile:

• Ukuqina kobuhlungu okwesikhashana okuthatha amahora angu-24-48
• Ukuphuma kwegazi okuncane noma ukulimala endaweni yokufaka inaliti
• Ukuvuza kukakhonkolo okuncane okungabangeli zimpawu
• Ukutheleleka endaweni yenqubo (akuvamile kakhulu)
• Umonakalo wemizwa ngenxa yokuvuza kukakhonkolo (akuvamile kakhulu)
• Ukuqhekeka okusha kuma-vertebrae angomakhelwane (akujwayelekile)
• Ukuphendula komzimba okungalungile kumadayisi ahlukile noma imithi (akuvamile)

Izinkinga ezingathi sína njengokucindezelwa komgogodla noma ukukhubazeka akuvamile kakhulu uma inqubo yenziwa ochwepheshe abanolwazi. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha likuqapha ngokucophelela ngesikhathi nangemva kwenqubo ukuze libhekane ngokushesha nanoma yiziphi izinkinga ezingase zivele.

Kufanele ngibone nini udokotela ngemva kwe-vertebroplasty?

Iningi leziguli lithola ukululama okubushelelezi ngemva kwe-vertebroplasty, kodwa kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ungaxhumana nini nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo. Ezinye izimpawu zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha, kanti ezinye zidinga ucingo olujwayelekile lokulandela.

Xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nobuhlungu obukhulu obungazelelwe emhlane, ubuthakathaka obusha emlenzeni, ukuba ndikindiki, noma ubunzima bokulawula isinye noma umsebenzi wamathumbu. Lezi zimpawu zingase zibonise izinkinga ezingavamile kodwa ezingathi sína ezidinga ukuhlolwa ngokushesha.

Nazi izimo ezidinga ukuxhumana kwezokwelapha ngokushesha:

• Umkhuhlane ongaphezu kuka-101°F (38.3°C) okungase kubonise ukutheleleka
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu obubi kakhulu kunangaphambi kwenqubo
• Ukuba ndikindiki okusha noma ukuluma emilenzeni yakho noma ezinyaweni
• Ukuvuvukala okukhulu noma ububomvu endaweni yokujova
• Ubunzima bokuhamba noma izinkinga ezintsha zokulinganisela
• Isicanucanu esiqhubekayo noma ukuhlanza

Ngezinkinga ezingaphuthumi kangako njengokwanda okuncane kobuhlungu, ukulimala okuncane, noma imibuzo ejwayelekile mayelana nokululama kwakho, ungaxhumana nehhovisi likadokotela wakho ngamahora ajwayelekile ebhizinisi. Abahlinzeki bezempilo abaningi bakhetha ukuthi ushayele kunokukhathazeka ngezimpawu ezijwayelekile zokululama.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana ne-vertebroplasty

Umbuzo 1. Ingabe i-vertebroplasty ilungele ukuphuka kokucindezela kwe-osteoporotic?

Yebo, i-vertebroplasty ingasebenza kahle kakhulu ekwelapheni ukuphuka kokucindezela kwe-osteoporotic okubuhlungu okungelaphekanga ngokwelashwa okungagxili. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ama-70-90% eziguli athola ukukhululeka okukhulu kobuhlungu ezinsukwini ngemuva kwenqubo.

Ukwelashwa kusebenza kahle kakhulu lapho ukuphuka kusanda (kungakapheli izinyanga eziyi-6-12) futhi kubangela ubuhlungu obukhulu obukhawulela imisebenzi yansuku zonke. Kodwa-ke, udokotela wakho uzohlola ngokucophelela ukuthi ngabe izinzuzo zidlula izingozi ngokuya ngesimo sakho esithile nempilo yonke.

Umbuzo 2. Ingabe i-vertebroplasty ivimbela ukuphuka okuzayo?

I-Vertebroplasty iqinisa i-vertebra elashwayo futhi yenza kungenzeki ukuthi iphuke futhi endaweni efanayo. Kodwa-ke, ayivimbeli ukuphuka okusha ukuthi kwenzeke kwamanye ama-vertebrae, ikakhulukazi uma i-osteoporosis engaphansi ingalungiswa.

Ezinye izifundo zikhomba engozini encane yokwanda kokuphuka kuma-vertebrae aseduze nendawo elashwayo, yize lokhu kuseyisihloko socwaningo oluqhubekayo. Okubalulekile ukwelapha impilo yakho yamathambo engaphansi ngokusebenzisa imithi, ukuzivocavoca, kanye nezinguquko zokuphila kanye nenqubo ye-vertebroplasty.

Umbuzo 3. Kuhlala isikhathi esingakanani ukukhululeka kobuhlungu be-vertebroplasty?

Ukukhululeka kobuhlungu obusuka ku-vertebroplasty kuvamile ukuhlala isikhathi eside, neziguli eziningi zigcina ukuthuthuka okukhulu iminyaka ngemuva kwenqubo. Usimende uba yingxenye ehlala njalo yomgogodla wakho, unikeze ukusekelwa okuqhubekayo kwesakhiwo.

Kodwa-ke, imiphumela yesikhathi eside ingahluka ngokuya ngempilo yakho yonke yomgogodla nokuthi ngabe ukuphuka okusha kuyenzeka kwezinye izindawo. Ukulandela izincomo zikadokotela wakho zokwelashwa kwe-osteoporosis nokunakekelwa komgogodla kusiza ukugcina izinzuzo ze-vertebroplasty ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Umbuzo 4. Ngingaba ne-vertebroplasty kuma-vertebrae amaningi?

Yebo, odokotela bangakwazi ukwelapha ama-vertebrae amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa uma uneziqhekezo eziningi zokucindezela ezibangela ubuhlungu. Kodwa-ke, ukwelapha ama-vertebrae amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa kungase kwandise izingozi zezinkinga nesikhathi sokululama.

Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizinquma indlela ephephe kakhulu ngokusekelwe enanini, endaweni, nobukhulu beziqhekezo zakho. Ngezikhathi ezithile batusa ukuhlela ukwelashwa, baqale balungise iziqhekezo ezibuhlungu kakhulu bese belapha ezinye izindawo kamuva uma kudingeka.

Q.5 Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-vertebroplasty ne-kyphoplasty?

Zombili izinqubo zihilela ukujova usimende kuma-vertebrae aphukile, kodwa i-kyphoplasty ihlanganisa isinyathelo esengeziwe sokukhukhumeza ibhaluni elincane ngaphakathi kwe-vertebra ngaphambi kokujova usimende. Leli bhaluni lenza isikhala okwesikhashana futhi lingasiza ekubuyiseleni ukuphakama kwe-vertebral.

I-Kyphoplasty ngokuvamile ibiza kakhulu futhi ithatha isikhathi eside kune-vertebroplasty, kodwa zombili izinqubo zinikeza imiphumela efanayo yokukhululeka kobuhlungu. Udokotela wakho uzoncoma inketho efanele kakhulu ngokusekelwe ezicini zakho zokuqhekeka, impilo yonke, kanye nemigomo yokwelashwa.