Yini i-X-Ray? Inhloso, Inqubo & Nemiphumela

I-X-ray iyisivivinyo sokuthwebula izithombe esisheshayo, esingabuhlungu esisebenzisa imisebe ye-electromagnetic ukudala izithombe zangaphakathi komzimba wakho. Cabanga ngayo njengekhamera ekwazi ukubona ngesikhumba sakho ukuze ithwebule izithombe zamathambo akho, izitho, nezicubu ezingaphansi.

Ama-X-ray asize odokotela ukuthi bathole izimo zezokwelapha isikhathi esingaphezu kwekhulu leminyaka. Le nqubo ithatha imizuzu embalwa nje futhi inikeza ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nokuqhekeka, izifo, izimila, nezinye izinkinga zempilo ezingase zingabonakali ngaphandle.

Yini i-X-Ray?

Ama-X-ray ayindlela yomsebe we-electromagnetic, ofana nokukhanya kodwa onamandla amaningi kakhulu. Lapho le misebe engabonakali idlula emzimbeni wakho, izicubu ezihlukene ziyayimunca ngamanani ahlukene, okudala umehluko esithombeni sokugcina.

Izinto eziminyene njengamathambo zimunca ama-X-ray amaningi futhi zivele zibe mhlophe esithombeni. Izicubu ezithambile njengemisipha zimunca ama-X-ray ambalwa futhi zivele zibe mpunga. Izindawo ezigcwele umoya njengamaphaphu zivele zibe mnyama ngoba zimunca ama-X-ray ambalwa kakhulu.

Umshini we-X-ray uqukethe i-X-ray tube ekhiqiza imisebe kanye nesitholi esithwebula isithombe. Izinhlelo zanamuhla ze-digital X-ray zingabonisa imiphumela ngokushesha esikrinini sekhompyutha, okwenza le nqubo isheshe futhi isebenze kahle kunezinhlelo ezindala ezisekelwe kumafilimu.

Kungani kwenziwa i-X-Ray?

Odokotela ba-oda ama-X-ray ukuthi athole izimo zezokwelapha eziningi nokulimala. Isizathu esivamile ukuhlola amathambo aphukile ngemva kokulimala noma ingozi.

Ama-X-ray angathola nezinkinga zamaphaphu njengomkhuhlane wamaphaphu, isifo sofuba, noma umdlavuza wamaphaphu. Asiza ukuhlonza izimo zenhliziyo, izinkinga zokugaya ukudla, nezifo zamathambo njenge-arthritis noma i-osteoporosis.

Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela basebenzisa ama-X-ray ukuqapha ukuqhubeka kokwelashwa. Isibonelo, bangase bathathe ama-X-ray alandelayo ukuze babone ukuthi ithambo eliphukile liphola kanjani noma ukuhlola ukuthi idivayisi yezokwelapha efana ne-pacemaker ibekwe ngendlela efanele yini.

Nansi izimo ezinkulu zezokwelapha lapho ama-X-ray ebonakala ewusizo kakhulu:

• Ukuqhekeka kwamathambo noma ukuphuka okusolwayo
• Izinkinga zamalunga ne-arthritis
• Izifo zesifuba ezinjenge-pneumonia
• Ubuhlungu besisu noma izinkinga zokugaya ukudla
• Izinkinga zamazinyo nokubola kwamazinyo
• Ukuqapha ukubekwa kwamadivayisi ezokwelapha
• Ukuqapha iminyango ethile yomdlavuza
• Ukuthola izinto zangaphandle emzimbeni

Udokotela wakho uzocabangela izimpawu zakho, umlando wezokwelapha, nemiphumela yokuhlolwa komzimba lapho enquma ukuthi ngabe i-X-ray iyadingeka yini. Lolu vivinyo lunikeza ulwazi olubalulekile olusiza ukuqondisa uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa.

Yini inqubo ye-X-Ray?

Inqubo ye-X-ray iqondile futhi ngokuvamile ithatha imizuzu engu-10-15 kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekupheleni. Uzocelwa ukuthi ususe ubucwebe, izinto zensimbi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi izingubo endaweni okuhlolwa kuyo ngoba lezi zingaphazamisa ikhwalithi yesithombe.

Uchwepheshe we-radiologic uzokubeka etafuleni le-X-ray noma ume odongeni olunamathiselwe i-cassette. Ukubekwa kuncike ekutheni iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba wakho edinga ukucutshungulwa nokuthi yini udokotela wakho afuna ukuyibona.

Ngesikhathi sokuchayeka kwe-X-ray, uzodinga ukuhlala unganyakazi futhi ungase ucelwe ukuthi ubambe umoya wakho ngokushesha. Uchwepheshe uzosuka ngemuva komgoqo wokuzivikela bese enza umshini we-X-ray, okwenza umsindo omfushane wokuhleba noma wokuchofoza.

Izivivinyo eziningi ze-X-ray zidinga izithombe eziningi ezithathwe ngama-engeli ahlukene. Uchwepheshe angase akuphinde akubeke phakathi kwemifanekiso ukuze athwebule imibono ehlukahlukene yendawo efanayo.

Nakhu okwenzekayo ngokujwayelekile ngesikhathi sokuqokwa kwakho kwe-X-ray:

1. Ngena futhi unikeze umlando wakho wezokwelapha
2. Guqela ezingutsheni zasemtholampilo uma kudingeka
3. Susa izinto zensimbi nobucwebe
4. Beka uchwepheshe
5. Bamba unganyakazi ngenkathi i-X-ray ithathwa
6. Linda ngokushesha ngenkathi izithombe zibukwa
7. Imibono eyengeziwe ingathathwa uma kudingeka

Le nqubo yonke ayinabuhlungu, yize ungase uzwe ukungakhululeki uma ulimele futhi udinga ukungena ezindaweni ezithile. Uchwepheshe uzosebenza nawe ukunciphisa noma yikuphi ukungakhululeki ngenkathi usathola izithombe ezicacile, zokuxilonga.

Ungalungiselela kanjani i-X-Ray yakho?

Ama-X-ray amaningi adinga ukulungiswa okuncane noma okungenziwa, okwenza abe ngomunye wemithamo yezokwelapha elula kakhulu. Ngokuvamile ungafunda, uphuze, futhi uthathe imithi yakho ejwayelekile ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.

Ukulungiselela okuyinhloko kuhilela ukususa izinto zensimbi ezingaphazamisa izithombe ze-X-ray. Lokhu kufaka ubucwebe, amawashi, amabhande anezibambo zensimbi, nezingubo ezinama-fasteners ensimbi noma ama-zippers.

Uma wenza i-X-ray yesisu, udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuthi ugweme ukudla amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kwalokho. Ngama-X-ray athile akhethekile ahilela impahla ehlukile, ungase uthole imiyalelo ethile mayelana nokuzila ukudla noma ukulungiswa kwemithi.

Abesifazane kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi bazise umhlinzeki wabo wezempilo uma kungenzeka ukuthi bakhulelwe. Ngenkathi ukuvezwa kwemisebe evela kuma-X-ray kuvamile ukuthi kuphansi, odokotela bakhetha ukugwema ukuvezwa kwemisebe okungadingekile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa uma kungenzeka.

Nawa amanyathelo okuyinhloko okulungiselela okufanele uwakhumbule:

• Gqoka izingubo ezikhululekile, ezikhululekile ngaphandle kwensimbi
• Susa lonke ubucwebe, amawashi, nezinsiza zensimbi
• Yazisa abasebenzi nganoma yiziphi izitshalo zensimbi noma amadivayisi
• Tshela udokotela wakho uma kungenzeka ukuthi ukhulelwe
• Landela noma yimiphi imiyalelo ethile yokuzila ukudla uma inikeziwe
• Letha ama-X-ray angaphambilini ukuze uwaqhathanise uma ucelwa

Uma unemibuzo mayelana nokulungiselela, unganqikazi ukushayela ihhovisi lomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo. Bangakunikeza isiqondiso esithile esisekelwe ohlotsheni lwe-X-ray onalo kanye nesimo sakho sezokwelapha.

Ungayifunda kanjani i-X-Ray yakho?

Ukufunda ama-X-ray kudinga ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile, ngakho udokotela wakho noma i-radiologist bazohumusha izithombe bese bechaza imiphumela kuwe. Nokho, ukuqonda izinto eziyisisekelo kungakusiza ukuthi ube nezingxoxo ezinolwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana nempilo yakho.

Ezithombeni ze-X-ray, izicubu ezihlukene zivela ngemithunzi ehlukene. Amathambo abonakala emhlophe ngoba makhulu futhi athatha ama-X-ray amaningi. Izicubu ezithambile njengemisipha zibonakala ngombala ompunga, kuyilapho izindawo ezigcwele umoya njengamaphaphu zibonakala zimnyama.

Ukungavamile kuvame ukuvela njengoshintsho kulawa maphethini avamile. Ama-fracture abonakala njengemigqa emnyama edlula emathanjeni amhlophe. Ukutheleleka noma izimila kungase kuvele njengamabala amhlophe ezindaweni okufanele zibe mnyama noma mpunga.

I-radiologist yakho izobheka izici eziningana ezibalulekile lapho ifunda i-X-ray yakho. Bazohlola usayizi, ukuma, kanye nobukhulu bezakhiwo, baqhathanise izinhlangothi zombili zomzimba wakho, futhi babheke noma yiziphi izithunzi ezingavamile noma amabala aqhakazile.

Nakhu okujwayele ukuhlolwa ochwepheshe bezempilo kuma-X-ray:

• Ubuqotho nokuhambisana kwamathambo
• Izikhala zamalunga ne-cartilage
• Ukuvuvukala kwezicubu ezithambile noma izixuku
• Usayizi nesimo sezitho
• Ukuba khona koketshezi noma umoya ezindaweni ezingavamile
• Izinto zangaphandle noma izinto zokwelapha
• Ukuqhathaniswa nama-X-ray angaphambilini uma etholakala

Khumbula ukuthi ukuhumusha i-X-ray kudinga iminyaka yokuqeqeshwa kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho. Udokotela wakho uzoxoxa ngemiphumela nawe ngamagama ongawaqonda futhi achaze ukuthi imiphumela isho ukuthini ngempilo yakho nezinketho zokwelapha.

Ziyini izici eziyingozi zemiphumela engavamile ye-X-Ray?

Izici eziningana zingakhuphula amathuba akho okuba nemiphumela engavamile ye-X-ray. Ubudala buyisici esibalulekile, njengoba abadala bekhula beba sesimweni esinjenge-arthritis, i-osteoporosis, kanye nezinguquko eziwohlokayo ezivela kuma-X-ray.

Izinketho zakho zokuphila nazo zidlala indima. Ukubhema kwandisa ingozi yezinkinga zamaphaphu ezingabonakala kuma-X-ray esifuba. Ukuphila ngendlela yokuhlala kungaholela ekulahlekelweni kwamathambo nezinkinga zamalunga ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ukulimala kwangaphambilini noma ukuhlinzwa kungadala izinguquko ezivela kuma-X-ray. Ngisho nokulimala kwangaphambilini, ama-fractures apholiwe ahlala ebonakala njengezinguquko ezingapheli esakhiweni samathambo.

Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha zenza ukutholakala okungajwayelekile kwe-X-ray kube maningi. Isifo sikashukela singathinta ukuphulukiswa kwamathambo futhi sandise ingozi yokutheleleka. Izifo ze-Autoimmune zingadala ukulimala kwamalunga okubonakala ekuthombeni.

Izici eziyingozi ezivamile ezingaholela emiphumeleni engajwayelekile ye-X-ray zihlanganisa:

• Ubudala obuthuthukile nokuguga kwemvelo
• Ukulimala kwangaphambilini noma ukuhlukumezeka
• Umlando wokubhema nesifo samaphaphu
• Izimo zezokwelapha ezingapheli njengesifo sikashukela
• Umlando womndeni wezinkinga zamathambo noma amalunga
• Izingozi zomsebenzi noma ukucindezeleka okuphindaphindiwe
• Ukudla okungenamsoco okuthinta impilo yamathambo
• Eminye imithi ethinta ukuminyana kwamathambo

Ukuba nalezi zici eziyingozi akusho ukuthi nakanjani uzoba nemiphumela engajwayelekile ye-X-ray. Abantu abaningi abanezici eziyingozi banama-X-ray ajwayelekile, kanti abanye ngaphandle kwezici eziyingozi ezisobala bangase babe nokutholakele okungalindelekile.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingaba khona zokuchayeka ku-X-Ray?

Izinqubo ze-X-ray ngokuvamile ziphephile kakhulu, nezinkinga ezingavamile kakhulu. Okukhathaza kakhulu ukuchayeka emisebeni, kodwa inani elisetshenziswa kuma-X-ray ajwayelekile liphansi kakhulu futhi libhekwa njengokuphephile kubantu abaningi.

Ukuze ubeke ukuchayeka emisebeni ngendlela efanele, i-X-ray yesifuba ikwambulisela cishe inani elifanayo lemisebe ongayithola ngokwemvelo emvelweni ezinsukwini eziyi-10. Izinzuzo zokuthola ulwazi olubalulekile lokuxilonga cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi zidlula izingozi ezincane.

Ukukhulelwa yisimo esikhulu lapho odokotela beqapha khona ngama-X-ray. Ngenkathi amazinga emisebe ephansi, abahlinzeki bezempilo bakhetha ukugwema noma yikuphi ukuchayeka okungadingekile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kokuqala.

Abanye abantu bakhathazeka ngokuchayeka kuma-X-ray okuphindaphindiwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Imishini yama-X-ray yesimanje isebenzisa imithamo ephansi kakhulu yemisebe kunezinto ezindala, futhi odokotela bacabangela ngokucophelela ukubaluleka kwe-X-ray ngayinye ngaphambi kokuyala.

Izinkinga ezingaba khona ezihlobene nokuchayeka kuma-X-ray zihlanganisa:

• Ukuchayeka okuncane emisebeni (ingozi ephansi kakhulu)
• Imiphumela engaba khona ezinganeni ezisakhula
• Ukuchayeka okuqongelelwe kuma-X-ray amaningi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
• Ukuphendula komzimba okungavamile ezintweni eziphikisayo
• Ukukhathazeka ngesikhathi sokuma okuthile
• Ukuphatheka kabi ekumeni ngamalunga

Ingozi yokuthuthukisa umdlavuza emisebeni ye-X-ray incane kakhulu. Uzodinga amakhulu ama-X-ray ukuze ufinyelele emazingeni emisebe abeka noma iyiphi ingozi enkulu yezempilo. Ithimba lakho lezempilo liqapha ukuchayeka kwakho emisebeni futhi li-oda ama-X-ray kuphela lapho izinzuzo zokuxilonga ziqeda noma yiziphi izingozi ezingaba khona.

Kufanele ngibone nini udokotela mayelana nemiphumela ye-X-Ray?

Udokotela wakho ngokuvamile uzokuthinta phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa ukuze axoxe ngemiphumela yakho ye-X-ray. Abahlinzeki bezempilo abaningi banemithetho mayelana nokuthi bakwazi kanjani ukuxhumana ngemiphumela ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi uma kutholakala izinto eziphuthumayo.

Kufanele uthinte udokotela wakho uma ungezwa lutho mayelana nemiphumela yakho ngesikhathi esilindelekile. Kuhlale kufanelekile ukushaya ucingo futhi ubuze ngesimo semiphumela yakho yokuhlolwa uma ukhathazekile.

Uma i-X-ray yakho yenziwa esimweni esiphuthumayo, imiphumela ivame ukutholakala ngokushesha okukhulu. Odokotela begumbi eliphuthumayo bavame ukubuyekeza ama-X-ray ngokushesha futhi baxoxe ngemiphumela nawe ngaphambi kokuthi uhambe.

Ngezinye izikhathi imiphumela ye-X-ray idinga ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo noma ukubonisana nochwepheshe. Udokotela wakho uzochaza ukuthi yiziphi izinyathelo ezengeziwe ezingadingeka ngokusekelwe kulokho okutholwe ngqo kuwe.

Nawa amazwi okufanele ngempela uthintane nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo:

• Awuzwanga imiphumela ngesikhathi esithembisiwe
• Unemibuzo mayelana nemiphumela yakho ye-X-ray
• Izimpawu zakho ziye zaba zimbi kakhulu kusukela ku-X-ray
• Udinga ukucaciselwa mayelana nokwelashwa okunconyiwe
• Ufuna ukuxoxa ngezinkathazo mayelana nokuchayeka emisebeni
• Udinga amakhophi e-X-rays yakho ngomunye udokotela

Unganqikazi ukubuza imibuzo mayelana nemiphumela yakho ye-X-ray. Ukuqonda imiphumela yakho yokuhlolwa kukusiza ukuthi wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nokunakekelwa kwakho kwezempilo futhi kukunike ukuthula kwengqondo ngesimo sakho.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana ne-X-Ray

Q.1 Ingabe ukuhlolwa kwe-X-Ray kulungile ekutholeni umdlavuza?

Ama-X-ray angathola ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza, ikakhulukazi emaphashini, emathanjeni, nakwezinye izindawo ezithile. Kodwa-ke, awona ukuhlolwa okuzwela kakhulu ekutholeni umdlavuza futhi kungase kuphuthelwe imithombo emincane noma imidlavuza ezicutshini ezithambile.

Ama-X-ray esifuba avame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlola umdlavuza wamaphaphu, ikakhulukazi kubantu abanezici eziyingozi njengokubhema. Angabonisa izixuku zamaphaphu, kodwa imidlavuza emincane ingase ingabonakali kuze kube yilapho ithuthuke kakhulu.

Ukuze kuhlolwe umdlavuza okuphelele, odokotela bavame ukuncoma ezinye izivivinyo zokucabanga njengama-CT scans, ama-MRI, noma izinqubo ezikhethekile zokuhlola. Ama-X-ray ngokuvamile ayisici esisodwa nje somsebenzi wokuxilonga ophelele lapho kusolwa umdlavuza.

Q.2 Ingabe ukuchayeka njalo ku-X-Ray kubangela izinkinga zempilo?

Ukwembulwa kwemisebe evela kuma-X-ray ngezikhathi ezithile kuphansi kakhulu futhi akubeki engozini empilo. Imishini yesimanje ye-X-ray isebenzisa imisebe encane kakhulu kunemishini endala, futhi imithamo ilawulwa ngokucophelela.

Noma kunjalo, ochwepheshe bezokwelapha bayakugcina umkhondo wokuchayeka emisebeni eqoqwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Uma udinga ama-X-ray avamile ngezimo zezokwelapha eziqhubekayo, udokotela wakho uzolinganisela izinzuzo zokuxilonga ngokumelene nengozi encane yemisebe.

Abasebenzi bezempilo abenza ama-X-ray nsuku zonke bagqoka amabheji emisebe ukuze baqaphe ukuchayeka kwabo futhi balandele imithetho eqinile yokuphepha. Kubantu abathola ama-X-ray ngezikhathi ezithile, izinzuzo zezempilo zokuxilongwa okufanele zidlula kakhulu noma yikuphi ukukhathazeka ngemisebe.

Q.3 Ingabe ama-X-Ray angabonisa ukulimala kwezicubu ezithambile?

Ama-X-ray anomkhawulo wokubonisa ukulimala kwezicubu ezithambile njengokuhlukana kwemisipha, izinyembezi zemisipha, noma ukulimala kwemisipha. Ngokuyinhloko abonisa amathambo, amalunga, nezinye izitho, kodwa izicubu ezithambile zivela njengemithunzi empunga ngaphandle kwemininingwane eminingi.

Ngenxa yokulimala kwezicubu ezithambile, odokotela bavame ukuncoma ezinye izivivinyo zokucabanga njenge-ultrasound, i-MRI, noma ama-CT scan. Lezi zivivinyo zinikeza izithombe ezingcono kakhulu zemisipha, imisipha, imisipha, nezinye izicubu ezithambile.

Ama-X-ray angase asasebenza ekulimaleni kwezicubu ezithambile ukuze akhiphe ukuqhekeka kwamathambo noma ukuhlola izinkinga ezinjengokutheleleka noma izinto zangaphandle ezigxile esicutshini.

Q.4 Zithatha isikhathi esingakanani imiphumela ye-X-Ray?

Imiphumela ye-X-ray ivame ukutholakala phakathi kwamahora angama-24-48 ezimweni ezijwayelekile. Ama-X-ray aphuthumayo ngokuvamile afundwa ngokushesha, ngemiphumela etholakala ngemizuzu kuya emahoreni kuye ngesimo.

Isikhathi sincike ezintweni eziningana okuhlanganisa ukuyinkimbinkimbi kwecala, isimiso somtholampilo, kanye nemithetho yesikhungo sakho sezempilo. Ama-X-ray edijithali angadluliselwa futhi abuyekezwe ngokushesha kunezinhlelo ezindala ezisekelwe kumafilimu.

Uma ungazizwanga ngemiphumela yakho ngaphakathi kwesikhathi esilindelekile, unganqikazi ukushayela ihhovisi lomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo. Bangahlola isimo futhi baqinisekise ukuthi uthola imiphumela yakho ngokushesha.

Q.5 Ingabe ama-X-Ray aphephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?

Ama-X-ray ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngokuvamile agwenywa ngaphandle uma kudingeka ngempela empilweni kamama. Ukuvezwa kwemisebe kuphansi, kodwa odokotela bakhetha ukuqeda noma yikuphi ukufaka engozini okungadingekile enganeni esakhula.

Uma i-X-ray idingeka ngokwelashwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kuthathwa izinyathelo ezikhethekile zokunciphisa ukuvezwa kwemisebe kumntwana. Ama-aproni omthofu angasetshenziswa ukuvikela isisu, futhi kusetshenziswa umthamo omncane kakhulu wemisebe.

Njalo yazisa umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uma ungase ukhulelwe ngaphambi kokuba nenqubo ye-X-ray. Bangaxoxa ngezingozi nezinzuzo futhi bangase batusa ezinye izindlela zokuthwebula ezingasebenzisi imisebe, njenge-ultrasound noma i-MRI.