Yini i-Cinacalcet: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni Nokunye

I-Cinacalcet iyimithi kadokotela esiza ukulawula amazinga aphezulu e-calcium egazini lakho lapho amagciwane akho e-parathyroid esebenza ngokweqile. Cabanga ngayo njengesistimu yamabhuleki ethambile yamagciwane asebenza kanzima kakhulu, esiza ukubuyisela ibhalansi ekulawuleni i-calcium yomzimba wakho.

Le mithi ibaluleke kakhulu kubantu abanezifo ezingamahlalakhona zezinso noma umdlavuza we-parathyroid abahlushwa ukungalingani kwe-calcium. Ukuqonda ukuthi isebenza kanjani nokuthi yini ongayilindela kungakusiza uzizwe uqiniseka ngokwengeziwe ngohambo lwakho lokwelashwa.

Yini i-Cinacalcet?

I-Cinacalcet ingeyeqembu lemithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-calcimimetics, okusho ukuthi ilingisa imiphumela ye-calcium emagciwaneni akho e-parathyroid. Amagciwane akho e-parathyroid amagciwane amancane amane entanyeni yakho alawula amazinga e-calcium egazini lakho nasemathanjeni.

Lapho lawa magciwane esebenza ngokweqile, akhipha i-parathyroid hormone (PTH) eningi kakhulu, okubangela amazinga e-calcium ukuthi anyuke ngendlela eyingozi. I-Cinacalcet empeleni ikhohlisa lawa magciwane ukuthi acabange ukuthi kukhona i-calcium eningi kunalokho ekhona ngempela, okubenza banciphise ukukhiqizwa kwabo ama-hormone.

Le mithi iza njengamaphilisi omlomo owathatha ngomlomo, okwenza kube yindlela elula yokuphatha izifo ezihlobene ne-calcium isikhathi eside.

Yini i-Cinacalcet Esetshenziselwa Yona?

I-Cinacalcet iphatha izimo ezithile lapho umzimba wakho ukhiqiza i-parathyroid hormone eningi kakhulu, okuholela emazingeni aphezulu e-calcium eyingozi. Udokotela wakho angase akubhalele yona ngezimo ezintathu eziyinhloko.

Ukusetshenziswa okuvamile kakhulu yi-hyperparathyroidism yesibili kubantu abanezifo ezingamahlalakhona zezinso abase-dialysis. Lapho izinso zakho zingasebenzi kahle, azikwazi ukulawula i-calcium ne-phosphorus ngempumelelo, okubangela ukuthi amagciwane akho e-parathyroid asebenze ngokweqile.

I-Cinacalcet iphinda iphathe i-hyperparathyroidism eyinhloko lapho ukuhlinzwa kungenzeki noma kungaphumelelanga. Lesi simo senzeka lapho elinye noma ngaphezulu kwama-gland akho e-parathyroid ekhiqiza ama-hormone amaningi ngokwawo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo muthi usiza ekuphatheni i-hypercalcemia (i-calcium ephezulu yegazi) kubantu abane-parathyroid carcinoma, uhlobo olungavamile lomdlavuza oluthinta ama-gland e-parathyroid. Kulezi zimo, i-cinacalcet ingasiza ekulawuleni amazinga e-calcium ngenkathi ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zibhekana nomdlavuza ngokwawo.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Cinacalcet?

I-Cinacalcet isebenza ngokubopha kuma-calcium-sensing receptors kuma-gland akho e-parathyroid, okwenza ukuthi azwela kakhulu ku-calcium egazini lakho. Lokhu kwanda kokuzwela kubangela ukuthi ama-gland anciphise ukukhiqizwa kwawo kwe-parathyroid hormone, ngisho nalapho amazinga e-calcium ejwayelekile noma ephansi.

Lo muthi uthathwa njengomuthi onamandla ngokulinganiselwe futhi ngokuvamile ubonisa imiphumela kungakapheli amahora ambalwa ngemva kokuwuthatha. Nokho, kungase kuthathe amasonto ambalwa ukubona izinzuzo eziphelele njengoba umzimba wakho uzivumela emazingeni amasha e-hormone.

Ubuhle be-cinacalcet bulele endleleni yayo eqondiwe. Esikhundleni sokuthinta umzimba wakho wonke ngokubanzi, iqondisa ngqo kuma-gland anezinkinga, okuvumela ukulawulwa okunembile kwamazinga e-calcium enemiphumela emincane ebanzi.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Cinacalcet?

Thatha i-cinacalcet ngendlela eqondile njengoba udokotela wakho ekunqumele ngayo, ngokuvamile kanye ngosuku ngokudla noma ngemva nje kokudla. Ukuyithatha ngokudla kusiza umzimba wakho ukuba umunce umuthi kangcono futhi kunciphisa ithuba lokuthi isisu siphathwe.

Gwinya amaphilisi wonke ngenkomishi yamanzi egcwele. Ungawachobozi, uwahlafune, noma uwaphule amaphilisi, ngoba lokhu kungathinta indlela umuthi okhululwa ngayo emzimbeni wakho. Uma unenkinga yokugwinya amaphilisi, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nezinketho ezingezinye.

Udktela wakho cishe uzoqala ngomthamo ophansi bese ewukhulisa kancane kancane ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa kwegazi lakho. Le ndlela eqaphelayo isiza ukunciphisa imiphumela emibi ngenkathi ithola umthamo ofanele wezidingo zakho ezithile.

Zama ukuthatha i-cinacalcet ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke ukuze ugcine amazinga aqhubekayo ohlelweni lwakho. Abantu abaningi bakuthola kuwusizo ukuyithatha ngesidlo sakusihlwa noma ukudla kwabo okukhulu kosuku.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Cinacalcet?

Ubude bokwelashwa nge-cinacalcet buxhomeke esimweni sakho esiyisisekelo nokuthi usabela kanjani kahle emuthini. Abantu abaningi abanezifo ezingamahlalakhona zezinso noma izifo ze-parathyroid badinga ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside, ngokuvamile izinyanga noma iminyaka.

Udktela wakho uzoqapha amazinga akho e-calcium yegazi ne-parathyroid hormone njalo ngezivivinyo zegazi. Lezi zivivinyo zisiza ukunquma ukuthi umuthi usebenza ngempumelelo yini nokuthi ngabe kudingeka yini ukulungiswa komthamo.

Kwabanye abantu abanomdlavuza we-parathyroid, i-cinacalcet ingase idingeke unomphela ukuze kulawulwe amazinga e-calcium. Kodwa-ke, uma uhlinzwa ngempumelelo i-hyperparathyroidism eyinhloko, ungase ukwazi ukuyeka umuthi uma umsebenzi wakho we-parathyroid ujwayelekile.

Ungayeki ukuthatha i-cinacalcet ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho, ngoba lokhu kungabangela amazinga akho e-calcium ukuthi akhuphuke ngendlela eyingozi. Udokotela wakho uzokwenza uhlelo oluphephile lokuyeka umuthi uma futhi lapho kufanele.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Emibi ye-Cinacalcet?

Njengayo yonke imithi, i-cinacalcet ingabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba abantu abaningi beyibekezelela kahle. Ukuqonda okulindelekile kungakusiza ukuthi uhlukanise phakathi kwemiphumela yokulungiswa ejwayelekile nezimpawu ezidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha.

Imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ngokuvamile ithambile futhi ivame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ulungela umuthi:

• Ukugula nokuhlanza, ikakhulukazi emasontweni ambalwa okuqala
• Ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla noma ukuzizwa ugcwele ngokushesha
• Ukuqaqamba kwemisipha nobuthakathaka
• Isiyezi noma ukuzizwa unovalo
• Ukukhathala
• Ukukhathala noma ukuzizwa ukhathele ngokungavamile

Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuncipha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi ukuthatha imithi nokudla kungasiza ekunciphiseni isicanucanu kakhulu.

Imiphumela emibi kakhulu idinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha, nakuba ingavamile:

• Iziqhwaga ezinzima zemisipha noma ama-spasms
• Ukuzwa ukuluma noma ukuba ndikindiki ngomlomo wakho noma eminweni yakho
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile noma ubuhlungu besifuba
• Ukuhlaselwa yisithuthwane noma ama-convulsions
• Ukudideka okukhulu noma izinguquko zemizwa

Lezi zimpawu zingase zikhombe ukuthi amazinga akho e-calcium ehle kakhulu, isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-hypocalcemia. Yingakho ukuqapha njalo kwegazi kubaluleke kakhulu ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.

Abanye abantu bangase babe nemiphumela emibi engavamile kodwa ebucayi edinga ukuhlolwa kwezempilo ngokushesha. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukusabela okukhulu komzimba okunzima ngokuphefumula kanzima, ukuvuvukala kobuso noma umphimbo, noma ukuqubuka kwesikhumba okubanzi.

Ubani Ongafanele Athole i-Cinacalcet?

I-Cinacalcet ayifanele wonke umuntu, futhi izimo ezithile zenza kube yingozi. Udokotela wakho uzoqapha ngokucophelela ukuthi ngabe le mithi iphephile yini esimweni sakho esithile.

Akufanele uthathe i-cinacalcet uma amazinga akho e-calcium egazini esivele ephansi noma esezingeni eliphansi elijwayelekile. Njengoba imithi isebenza ngokunciphisa amazinga e-calcium, ukuqala nge-calcium ephansi kungaholela ezinkingeni eziyingozi.

Abantu abanezimo ezithile zenhliziyo badinga ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile, njengoba amazinga e-calcium aphansi angathinta isigqi senhliziyo. Uma unomlando we-arrhythmias yenhliziyo, ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo, noma ezinye izimo zenhliziyo, udokotela wakho uzohlola izingozi nezinzuzo ngokucophelela.

Ukukhulelwa nokuncelisa kudinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Nakuba i-cinacalcet ingakahlolisiswa kakhulu kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, kungenzeka ukuthi akuyona inketho engcono kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngaphandle kwalapho izinzuzo zicacile ukwedlula izingozi.

Izingane nentsha engaphansi kweminyaka engu-18 ngokuvamile kufanele zigweme i-cinacalcet ngaphandle uma kunqunywe ngqo udokotela wezingane, njengoba ukuphepha nokusebenza kungakazinziswa emaqenjini amancane obudala.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Cinacalcet

I-Cinacalcet itholakala kakhulu ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo elithi Sensipar e-United States. Kwamanye amazwe, ungase uyithole ithengiswa njenge-Mimpara.

Izinhlobo ezivamile ze-cinacalcet ziye zatholakala eminyakeni yamuva, zinikeza izinketho ezingabizi kakhulu zokwelashwa kwesikhathi eside. Lezi zindlela ezivamile ziqukethe isithako esifanayo esisebenzayo futhi zisebenza ngokufana nezinhlobo zegama lomkhiqizo.

Ikhemisi lakho lingase lithathele indawo ngokuzenzakalelayo uhlobo olujwayelekile ngaphandle uma udokotela wakho echaza ngenye indlela. Uma uqaphela noma yiziphi izinguquko endleleni ozizwa ngayo ngemva kokushintsha phakathi kwezinhlobo zomkhiqizo nezivamile, yazisa udokotela wakho.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Cinacalcet

Kukhona ezinye izindlela zokuphatha amazinga aphezulu e-calcium kanye nezindlala ze-parathyroid ezingasebenzi ngokweqile, nakuba inketho engcono kakhulu incike esimweni sakho esithile nempilo yonke.

Kubantu abane-hyperparathyroidism eyinhloko, ukuhlinzwa ukususa indlala ye-parathyroid engasebenzi ngokweqile ngokuvamile kuyindlela yokwelapha ekhethwayo uma kungenzeka. Le ndlela inganikeza ukwelashwa unomphela kunokudinga imithi eqhubekayo.

Eminye imithi engase isetshenziswe ihlanganisa ama-bisphosphonates afana ne-alendronate noma i-zoledronic acid, esiza ukuvimbela i-calcium ukuthi ingaphumi emathanjeni akho. Nokho, lezi zisebenza ngendlela ehlukile kune-cinacalcet futhi kungenzeka zingafaneleki kuwo wonke umuntu.

Kubantu abanezifo ezingamahlala-mandla ezinso, ukuthuthukisa ukwelashwa kwe-dialysis nokuphatha amazinga e-phosphorus ngokudla kanye nama-phosphate binders ngezinye izikhathi kungasiza ukulawula amazinga e-parathyroid hormone ngokwemvelo.

Ama-analogs e-Vitamin D afana ne-calcitriol noma i-paricalcitol angase futhi asetshenziswe, nakuba lokhu kudinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela njengoba ngezinye izikhathi kungase kubhebhethekise amazinga e-calcium uma engaphathwa kahle.

Ingabe i-Cinacalcet Ingcono Kune-Paricalcitol?

I-Cinacalcet ne-paricalcitol zisebenza ngezindlela ezihlukene futhi zivame ukusetshenziselwa izimo ezihlukene, okwenza ukuqhathanisa okuqondile kube yinselele. Zombili lezi zithako zosizo ekulawuleni i-hyperparathyroidism yesibili kubantu abanesifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona, kodwa zisingatha le nkinga ngendlela ehlukile.

I-Cinacalcet inciphisa ngokuqondile ukukhiqizwa kwe-parathyroid hormone futhi ngokuvamile yehlisa amazinga e-calcium. I-Paricalcitol, i-analog ye-vitamin D, isiza ukulawula ibhalansi ye-calcium ne-phosphorus kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ingase yenyuse amazinga e-calcium.

Odokotela abaningi bakhetha i-cinacalcet lapho amazinga e-calcium esenyusiwe kakade noma lapho ukwelashwa kwe-vitamin D kwangaphambilini kungasebenzi. I-Paricalcitol ingase ikhethwe lapho amazinga e-calcium ejwayelekile noma ephansi, noma lapho ukuntuleka kwe-vitamin D kuyisici esibalulekile.

Abanye abantu bangazuza ekusebenziseni zombili izithako ndawonye ngaphansi kokuqashwa kwezokwelapha okucophelelayo. Udokotela wakho uzocabangela amanani akho athile elebhu, izimpawu, nempilo yonke lapho enquma ukuthi iyiphi indlela esebenza kahle kuwe.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Cinacalcet

Ingabe i-Cinacalcet Iphephile Kubantu Abanesifo Senhliziyo?

I-Cinacalcet idinga ukuqapha okwengeziwe kubantu abanesifo senhliziyo ngoba amazinga e-calcium aphansi angathinta isigqi senhliziyo nomsebenzi. Udokotela wakho uzoqapha impilo yakho yenhliziyo ngokucophelela uma unezimo zenhliziyo ezikhona.

Abantu abanenhliziyo ehlulekayo, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, noma ezinye izimo zenhliziyo ezinzima bangase badinge ukuqapha okuvame kakhulu futhi mhlawumbe imithamo ephansi. Umuthi awuphephile ngempela, kodwa udinga ukuqashwa kwezokwelapha okucophelelayo.

Njalo yazisa udokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi izinkinga zenhliziyo ngaphambi kokuqala i-cinacalcet, futhi ubike noma yikuphi ukuhlatheka okusha esifubeni, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula ngokushesha.

Kumele Ngenzeni Uma Ngithatha I-Cinacalcet Eningi Ngengozi?

Uma ngengozi uthatha i-cinacalcet eningi kunaleyo odokotela abakuyale yona, xhumana nodokotela wakho noma isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi ngokushesha. Ukuthatha okuningi kungabangela amazinga akho e-calcium ukuthi ehlise ngendlela eyingozi, okuholela ezimpawini ezinzima.

Qaphela izimpawu ze-calcium ephansi njengama-cramps emisipha, ukuluma ngomlomo wakho, ukuba ndikindiki emunweni wakho, noma ukudideka. Lezi zimpawu zingavela kungakapheli amahora ambalwa ngemva kokuthatha imithi eningi.

Ungazami ukulinganisa ukweqisa ngokuthatha izithasiselo ze-calcium ngaphandle uma uqondiswe ngqo ochwepheshe bezokwelapha. Iya egumbini eliphuthumayo eliseduze uma uba nezimpawu ezinzima njengokuhlaselwa yizifo, ubunzima bokuphefumula, noma ukulahlekelwa ukwazi.

Kumele Ngenzeni Uma Ngeqa Umthamo We-Cinacalcet?

Uma weqa umthamo we-cinacalcet, yithathe ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, uma nje kungakapheli amahora ambalwa ngesikhathi sakho esivamile. Uma sekuseduze isikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo, weqa umthamo owuqophile bese uqhubeka neshejuli yakho ejwayelekile.

Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ulungise umthamo owuqophile, njengoba lokhu kungabangela amazinga akho e-calcium ukuthi ehlise kakhulu. Esikhundleni salokho, qala kabusha ishejuli yakho yokulinganisa bese wenza inothi lokuxoxa ngomthamo owuqophile nodokotela wakho.

Uma uvame ukukhohlwa imithamo, cabangela ukusetha izikhumbuzi zocingo noma ukusebenzisa umhleli wamaphilisi ukusiza ukugcina ukuqina. Ukuqonda imithamo kungabangela amazinga akho e-calcium ukuthi ashintshe, okungenzeka kuholele ezimpawini.

Ngingayeka Nini Ukuthatha I-Cinacalcet?

Isinqumo sokuyeka i-cinacalcet kufanele senziwe ngaso sonke isikhathi ngokubonisana nodokotela wakho ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yakho yokuhlolwa kwegazi kanye nesimo sempilo yakho esiphelele. Abantu abaningi abanezifo ezingamahlalakhona zezinso noma izifo ze-parathyroid badinga ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside.

Udkt wakho angase acabange ukuyeka umuthi uma isimo sakho esingaphansi sithuthuka kakhulu, njengemva kokuhlinzwa kwe-parathyroid okuphumelelayo noma ukufakelwa izinso. Kodwa-ke, lesi sinqumo sidinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela amazinga akho e-calcium ne-parathyroid hormone.

Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha i-cinacalcet ngokuzumayo, ngoba lokhu kungabangela amazinga akho e-calcium ukuthi anyuke ngendlela eyingozi. Udkt wakho uzokwenza isimiso sokunciphisa kancane kancane uma ukuyeka kufanelekile, okuvumela umzimba wakho ukuthi uzivumelanise ngokuphepha.

Ngingakwazi yini Ukuthatha Izithasiselo Ze-Calcium Ngenkathi ngise-Cinacalcet?

Ukuthi ungakwazi yini ukuthatha izithasiselo ze-calcium ngenkathi use-cinacalcet kuncike emazingeni akho e-calcium kanye nesimo sezempilo. Abanye abantu bangase badinge izithasiselo ze-calcium ukuze bavimbele amazinga ukuthi angehli kakhulu, kanti abanye kufanele bazigweme ngokuphelele.

Udkt wakho uzoqapha amazinga akho e-calcium egazini njalo futhi anikeze iseluleko sokuthi ngabe izithasiselo ziyadingeka yini. Bangase futhi bancomise izinhlobo ezithile zezithasiselo ze-calcium noma isikhathi esithile sokuthuthukisa ukumuncwa.

Ungalokothi uqale noma uyeke izithasiselo ze-calcium ngokwakho ngenkathi uthatha i-cinacalcet. Ukusebenzisana phakathi kwale mithi nezithasiselo kudinga ukuphathwa kwezokwelapha ngokucophelela ukuze kugcinwe amazinga e-calcium aphephile.