Yini i-Dextroamphetamine ne-Amphetamine: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Dextroamphetamine ne-amphetamine yimithi kadokotela ehlanganisa imithi emibili ekhuthazayo ukusiza ukwelapha i-attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) kanye ne-narcolepsy. Ungase uyazi le nhlanganisela kangcono ngegama layo lomkhiqizo elithi Adderall, eliye laba elinye lemithi evame ukunqunywa kakhulu yokulawula izimpawu ze-ADHD kubantwana nakubantu abadala.

Le mithi isebenza ngokuthinta amakhemikhali athile ebuchosheni bakho athonya ukunaka, ukugxila, kanye nokulawula ukuziphatha. Uma isetshenziswa ngendlela efanele ngaphansi kokuqashwa kwezokwelapha, ingathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwansuku zonke kubantu abane-ADHD noma isize labo abane-narcolepsy ukuthi bahlale beqaphele emini.

Yini i-Dextroamphetamine ne-Amphetamine?

I-Dextroamphetamine ne-amphetamine iyisikhuthazi sesimiso sezinzwa esiphakathi esiqukethe izithako ezimbili ezisebenzayo ezisebenza ndawonye. Imithi empeleni ingumxube wamasawoti ahlukene e-amphetamine alinganiselwe ngokucophelela ukuhlinzeka ngokuqhubekayo, ukulawula izimpawu eziphumelelayo usuku lonke.

Le nhlanganisela ingeyodwa yeqembu lemithi ebizwa ngokuthi izikhuthazi, okungase kuzwakale kukhathaza ekuqaleni. Kodwa-ke, le mithi ifundwe kabanzi futhi isetshenziswe ngokuphepha amashumi eminyaka lapho inqunywe futhi iqashwe abahlinzeki bezempilo. Umphumela okhuthazayo usiza abantu abane-ADHD ngokuqeda ngempela umsebenzi wabo wobuchopho futhi uthuthukise ikhono labo lokugxila.

Imithi iza ngesimo sokukhishwa ngokushesha nokukhishwa okweluliwe. Izinhlobo zokukhishwa ngokushesha zivame ukusebenza cishe amahora angu-4-6, kuyilapho amafomu akhishwe isikhathi eside engahlinzeka ngokulawula izimpawu amahora angu-8-12, okuvumela ukuthi kunikezwe umthamo kanye ngosuku ezimweni eziningi.

Isetshenziselwani i-Dextroamphetamine ne-Amphetamine?

Lo muthi unikezelwa ikakhulukazi ezimweni ezimbili eziyinhloko: i-ADHD kanye ne-narcolepsy. Nge-ADHD, kusiza ukuthuthukisa ukunaka, ukunciphisa ukugxumagxuma, nokulawula kangcono ukuziphatha okungahlelekile okungaphazamisa isikole, umsebenzi, nobuhlobo.

Lapho welapha i-ADHD, umuthi ungakusiza ukuthi ugxile emisebenzini isikhathi eside, ulandele imiyalelo, futhi uhlele imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke ngempumelelo. Abantu abaningi baqaphela ukuthuthuka emandleni abo okuqeda amaphrojekthi omsebenzi, ukugcina izingxoxo, nokuphatha isikhathi sabo kangcono.

Nge-narcolepsy, lo muthi usiza ukulwa nokulala ngokweqile emini okungaba yingozi futhi okuphazamisa impilo yansuku zonke. Abantu abane-narcolepsy bavame ukuzabalaza ukuhlala bephapheme ngesikhathi semisebenzi ejwayelekile, futhi lo muthi ungabasiza ukuthi bahlale beqaphile usuku lonke.

Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela bangase banikeze lo muthi ezinye izimo, kodwa lezi zinto zithathwa njenge-

Umuthi uthathwa njengomuthi olunamandla amaphakathi phakathi kokwelashwa kwe-ADHD. Unamandla kakhulu kunezinye izinketho ezingezona ezikhuthazayo kodwa zingalungiswa ukuze kutholakale ibhalansi efanele kumuntu ngamunye. Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngomthamo ophansi bese ewukhulisa kancane kancane uma kudingeka ukuze athole okusebenzela wena.

Imiphumela ngokuvamile iqala phakathi kwemizuzu engama-30-60 ngemva kokuthatha umuthi futhi ingahlala amahora amaningana, kuye ngokuthi ngabe uthatha inguqulo ekhishwe ngokushesha noma ekhishwe isikhathi eside.

Kufanele Ngiwuthathaphi I-Dextroamphetamine ne-Amphetamine?

Thatha lo muthi ngendlela enconyelwe ngayo udokotela wakho, ngokuvamile kanye noma kabili ngosuku kuye ngendlela yokulungiswa. Inguqulo ekhishwe ngokushesha ngokuvamile ithathwa izikhathi ezi-2-3 ngosuku, kuyilapho ifomu elikhishwe isikhathi eside ngokuvamile lithathwa kanye ekuseni.

Ungawuthatha lo muthi ngaphandle noma ngaphandle kokudla, kodwa ukuwuthatha nokudla kungasiza ukunciphisa ukuqunjelwa kwesisu uma uhlangabezana nalowo mphumela. Kodwa-ke, gwema ukuwuthatha nokudla okune-asidi noma iziphuzo ezinjengoju lwe-orange noma izithasiselo zikavithamini C, ngoba lokhu kunganciphisa ukuthi umzimba wakho uwumunca kahle kangakanani umuthi.

Gwinya amaphilisi akhishwe isikhathi eside wonke, noma ungawavula bese ufafaza okuqukethwe ku-applesauce uma unzima ukugwinya amaphilisi. Ungawachobozi, uwahlafune, noma uwaphule amaphilisi akhishwe isikhathi eside, ngoba lokhu kungabangela ukuthi umuthi omningi ukhishwe ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Zama ukuthatha umuthi wakho ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke ukuze ugcine amazinga aqhubekayo ohlelweni lwakho. Uma uwuthatha sekwephuzile emini, kungase kuphazamise ukulala kwakho, ngakho odokotela abaningi batusa ukuthatha umthamo wokugcina okungenani amahora angu-6 ngaphambi kokulala.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Dextroamphetamine ne-Amphetamine?

Ubude bokwelashwa buhluka kakhulu kumuntu ngamunye futhi buxhomeke esimweni sakho esithile nokuphendula emuthini. Nge-ADHD, abantu abaningi bathatha lo muthi iminyaka eminingi, kuyilapho abanye bengase bawudinge izikhathi ezimfushane noma bathathe ikhefu ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.

Udktela wakho uzohlola njalo ukuthi usasidinga yini imithi ngokubheka izimpawu zakho nokuthi usebenza kahle kangakanani ekuphileni kwansuku zonke. Abanye abantu, ikakhulukazi izingane, bangase babe "namaholide emithi" ngezikhathi ezithile lapho beyeka ukuthatha imithi ukuze babone ukuthi izimpawu zabo zithuthukile yini noma bangakwazi yini ukuphatha ngaphandle kwayo.

Kubantu abadala abane-ADHD, ukwelashwa kuvame ukuba isikhathi eside ngoba i-ADHD ngokuvamile iyisimo esihlala impilo yonke. Kodwa-ke, udokotela wakho angase alungise umthamo wakho noma ashintshe imithi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngokuya ngempendulo yakho nanoma yimaphi imiphumela emibi oyitholayo.

Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha lo muthi ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho kuqala. Ukuyeka kungazelelwe kungabangela izimpawu zokuhoxisa njengokukhathala okukhulu, ukucindezeleka, nokwanda kwesifiso sokudla. Udokotela wakho uzokusiza ukuthi wehlise kancane kancane uma udinga ukuyeka ukuyithatha.

Yini Imiphumela Eceleni Ye-Dextroamphetamine ne-Amphetamine?

Njengayo yonke imithi, i-dextroamphetamine ne-amphetamine ingabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba kungewona wonke umuntu oyitholayo. Imiphumela eminingi emibi ithambile kuya phakathi nendawo futhi ivame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela imithi emasontweni ambalwa okuqala.

Nawa amanye imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ongase uyithole njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela lo muthi:

• Ukuncipha kwesifiso sokudla nokuncipha kwesisindo
• Ukuhluleka ukulala noma ukuhlala ulele
• Umlomo owomile
• Ukukhathazeka
• Ukukhathazeka noma ukukhathazeka
• Isiyezi
• Ukuphazamiseka kwesisu noma isicanucanu
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okwandayo
• Ushintsho lwemizwa noma ukucasuka

Le miphumela emibi ejwayelekile ivame ukuphatheka futhi ingancipha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Udokotela wakho angase aphakamise amasu okunciphisa, njengokuthatha imithi nokudla noma ukulungisa isikhathi semithamo yakho.

Ngenkathi kungavamile, abanye abantu bangase bathole imiphumela emibi kakhulu edinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha:

• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu elibuhlungu
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula
• Ushintsho olungajwayelekile lwemizwa noma ukuziphatha okunolaka
• Izimpawu zezinkinga zokujikeleza kwegazi emunweni noma ezinzwaneni
• Ukuthuthumela kwemisipha noma ukuthuthumela
• Ushintsho embonweni noma umbono ongacacile

Le miphumela emibi engathi sína ayivamile kodwa kubalulekile ukuyibheka. Xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu.

Ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu, lo muthi ungenza izimo ezingaba yingozi njenge-serotonin syndrome, ukusabela okukhulu komzimba, noma izinkinga zenhliziyo. Udokotela wakho uzokuqapha ngokucophelela, ikakhulukazi uma uqala ukuthatha umuthi noma uma umthamo wakho ushintshiwe.

Ubani Ongafanele Athathwe I-Dextroamphetamine kanye ne-Amphetamine?

Abantu abathile akufanele bathathe lo muthi ngenxa yengozi eyengeziwe yezinkinga ezingathi sína. Udokotela wakho uzobukeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokukuyalela lo muthi ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi uphephile kuwe.

Akufanele uthathe lo muthi uma unezimo noma izimo ezilandelayo:

• Ukungezwani okwaziwayo nama-amphetamine noma yiziphi izithako emuthini
• Isifo senhliziyo esibi noma izinkinga zenhliziyo ezingokwesakhiwo
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu ongagadiwe
• I-Hyperthyroidism (ithoyiro elisebenza ngokweqile)
• I-Glaucoma (ukwanda kwengcindezi emehlweni)
• Umlando wokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa noma ukulutheka
• Ukukhathazeka okukhulu noma ukucasuka
• Njengamanje uthatha noma usanda kuyeka ukuthatha ama-MAO inhibitors

Udokotela wakho uzosebenzisa ukuqapha okwengeziwe uma unezinye izimo ezithile ezingase zikhuphule ingozi yakho yezinkinga, nakuba lokhu kungakuvimbeli ukuthatha umuthi.

Izinto ezikhethekile okufanele zicatshangelwe uma unomlando wezimo zempilo yengqondo, ukuquleka, izinkinga zokujikeleza kwegazi, noma uma ukhulelwe noma uncelisa. Udokotela wakho uzohlola izinzuzo ngokumelene nezingozi kulezi zimo futhi angase ancome ukwelashwa okuhlukile noma ukuqapha okuseduze.

Amagama e-Brand e-Dextroamphetamine kanye ne-Amphetamine

Igama elaziwa kakhulu le-brand lale nhlanganisela yemithi yi-Adderall, eza kokubili ukukhishwa ngokushesha kanye nokukhishwa okweluliwe (Adderall XR) formulations. Lawa magama e-brand asebe cishe afana nokwelashwa kwe-ADHD kubantu abaningi.

Amanye amagama e-brand afaka i-Mydayis, okuyinguqulo esebenza isikhathi eside eyenzelwe ukuhlinzeka ngokuqondisa izimpawu kuze kube amahora angu-16. Kukhona futhi nezinhlobo eziningi ze-generic ezitholakalayo, eziqulathe izithako ezifanayo ezisebenzayo kodwa zingase zibe ngentengo ephansi.

Zonke lezi formulations ziqukethe inhlanganisela efanayo eyisisekelo yama-amphetamine salts, kodwa zingase zibe nezindlela ezihlukene zokukhishwa noma ubude besikhathi sokusebenza. Udokotela wakho uzokusiza ukhethe i-formulation evumelana kangcono neshejuli yakho yansuku zonke kanye namaphethini ezimpawu.

Izinhlobo ze-Generic ngokuvamile zisebenza kahle njengemithi yegama le-brand futhi kufanele zihlangabezane namazinga afanayo aqinile ekhwalithi. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bangase baqaphele umehluko omncane endleleni abasabela ngayo ezinhlotsheni zabakhiqizi abahlukene.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Dextroamphetamine kanye ne-Amphetamine

Uma le mithi ingasebenzi kahle kuwe noma idala imiphumela engemihle, kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha ezingase zicatshangelwe udokotela wakho. Ukukhetha kuncike ezimpawini zakho ezithile, umlando wezokwelapha, nokuthi usabele kanjani kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha.

Eminye imithi ekhuthazayo esebenza ngendlela efanayo ihlanganisa imithi esekelwe ku-methylphenidate efana ne-Ritalin, Concerta, noma i-Vyvanse (lisdexamfetamine). Le mithi ithinta amakhemikhali obuchopho afanayo kodwa ingase ibe namaphrofayili ahlukene emiphumeleni noma ubude besikhathi sokusebenza.

Izinketho ezingashukumisi zihlanganisa i-atomoxetine (Strattera), ethinta i-norepinephrine kodwa ingathinti i-dopamine, kanye nemithi emisha efana ne-viloxazine (Qelbree). Lezi ezinye izindlela zingase zithandwe uma unezinkinga zenhliziyo, ukukhathazeka ngokulutheka, noma ungasabeli kahle ezinzini.

Udokotela wakho angase futhi acabangele ukwelashwa kokuziphatha, izinguquko zokuphila, noma izindlela zokuhlanganisa ezihlanganisa kokubili imithi namasu angewona emithi. Uhlelo lokwelapha olungcono kakhulu lungolwomuntu ngamunye futhi lungase luhlanganise ukuzama izinketho ezihlukene ukuze uthole okusebenzela wena.

Ingabe i-Dextroamphetamine ne-Amphetamine Ingcono Kune-Methylphenidate?

Akukho mithi eyodwa engcono kunenye - ukusebenza kahle kuncike ngokuphelele ekutheni ikhemistri yakho yobuchopho ngabanye isabela kanjani emithini ngayinye. Zombili zithathwa njengokwelashwa kokuqala kwe-ADHD futhi zinezilinganiso zempumelelo ezifanayo.

Abanye abantu basabela kangcono ku-dextroamphetamine ne-amphetamine, kanti abanye benza kangcono ngemithi esekelwe ku-methylphenidate. Umehluko uvame ukwehla ezintweni zomuntu ngamunye njengokubekezelelana nemiphumela emibi, ubude besenzo obudingekayo, kanye namaphethini okusabela komuntu siqu.

I-Dextroamphetamine ne-amphetamine ivame ukuhlala isikhathi eside kancane kune-methylphenidate ekhishwe ngokushesha futhi ingase isebenze kahle kwabanye abantu abanezimpawu ezinzima. Kodwa-ke, i-methylphenidate ingase ibangele izinkinga ezimbalwa zokudla nokulala kwabanye abantu.

Udokotela wakho uzocabangela izimpawu zakho ezithile, indlela yokuphila, umlando wezokwelapha, kanye nokusabela kwemithi yangaphambilini lapho ekhetha phakathi kwalezi zinketho. Kuvamile ukuzama umuthi owodwa kuqala bese ushintsha uma unganikezi ukulawulwa okwanele kwezimpawu noma kubangela imiphumela emibi.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Dextroamphetamine ne-Amphetamine

Umbuzo 1. Ingabe i-Dextroamphetamine ne-Amphetamine Iphephile Ezimweni Zenhliziyo?

Lo muthi ungakhuphula izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo nomfutho wegazi, ngakho-ke udinga ukuhlolwa ngokucophelela uma unezinkinga zenhliziyo. Udokotela wakho cishe uzofuna ukwenza ukuhlolwa okujulile kwenhliziyo, okuhlanganisa i-EKG, ngaphambi kokuqala lo muthi uma unezinkinga zenhliziyo.

Abantu abanezinkinga zenhliziyo ezinzima njengesifo esibi semithambo yenhliziyo, izinkinga zokushaya kwenhliziyo, noma izinkinga zenhliziyo ezingokwakheka ngokuvamile abakwazi ukuthatha lo muthi ngokuphepha. Kodwa-ke, labo abanezinkinga zenhliziyo ezilula, ezilawulwa kahle bangase bakwazi ukuyisebenzisa ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kwezokwelapha okuseduze.

Udokotela wakho uzoqapha izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo nomfutho wegazi njalo ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi, ikakhulukazi lapho uqala noma ushintsha imithamo. Uma uba nobuhlungu besifuba, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.

Q2. Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngithatha Ngengozi I-Dextroamphetamine ne-Amphetamine Eningi Kakhulu?

Uma ngengozi uthatha ngaphezu komthamo wakho obekiwe, xhumana nodokotela wakho noma isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi ngokushesha, ngisho noma uzizwa ulungile. Ukweqisa kungabangela izinkinga ezinzima ezihlanganisa izinguquko eziyingozi ekushayeni kwenhliziyo, umfutho wegazi ophezulu kakhulu, noma ukuquleka.

Izimpawu zokweqisa zingahlanganisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, umkhuhlane ophezulu, ukudideka, ukuziphatha okunolaka, ukucabanga okungamanga, noma ukulahlekelwa ukwazi. Lezi zimpawu zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo eziphuthumayo ngokushesha, ngakho-ke unganqikazi ukushayela u-911 uma wena noma omunye umuntu enokuhlangenwe nakho kwalemiphumela.

Ukuvimbela ukweqisa ngengozi, gcina umuthi wakho esitsheni sawo sokuqala ngokulebula okucacile, futhi ungalokothi uthathe imithamo eyengeziwe ukuze

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo, wuthatha ngokushesha nje lapho ukhumbula, kodwa kuphela uma kusekusekuqaleni kosuku. Uma sekuhlwile noma sekusihlwa, weqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uthatha umthamo wakho olandelayo ngesikhathi esijwayelekile ukuze ugweme izinkinga zokulala.

Ungalokothi uthathe umthamo ophindwe kabili ukuze ulungise lowo ophuthelwe, ngoba lokhu kungakhuphula ingozi yakho yemiphumela emibi futhi kungase kubangele ukweqisa umthamo. Kungcono ukuba nosuku olulodwa olungenawo umthelela omuhle wezimpawu kunokubeka engcupheni yokuthatha imithi eningi kakhulu.

Uma uvame ukukhohlwa imithamo, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana namaqhinga okukusiza ukuthi ukhumbule, njengokusetha ama-alamu ocingweni, ukusebenzisa umhleli wamaphilisi, noma ukushintshela ekwakhekeni okusebenza isikhathi eside okudinga imithamo embalwa yansuku zonke.

Q4. Ngingayeka nini ukuthatha i-Dextroamphetamine ne-Amphetamine?

Kufanele uyeke kuphela ukuthatha lo muthi ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela wakho, ngoba ukuyeka kungazelelwe kungabangela izimpawu zokuhoxisa njengokukhathala okukhulu, ukucindezeleka, nokwanda kwesifiso sokudla. Udokotela wakho uzokusiza ukuthi unciphise kancane kancane uma ukuyeka kufanelekile.

Isinqumo sokuyeka sincike ezintweni eziningi, okuhlanganisa ukuthi izimpawu zakho zilawulwa kahle kangakanani, ukuthi ngabe uhlangabezana nemiphumela emibi ebalulekile, kanye nezinguquko ezimweni zakho zempilo. Abanye abantu bangase badinge lo muthi isikhathi eside, kanti abanye bangase bakwazi ukuyeka ngemva kokuthuthukisa amaqhinga angcono okubhekana nezinto.

Udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuhlolwa ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze ahlulele ukuthi usawudinga yini umuthi. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukunciphisa okwesikhashana umthamo noma ukuphumula ekwelashweni ukuze ubone ukuthi usebenza kanjani ngaphandle kwawo, ngaso sonke isikhathi ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwezokwelapha.

Q5. Ngingakwazi yini ukuphuza utshwala ngenkathi ngithatha i-Dextroamphetamine ne-Amphetamine?

Ngokuvamile kunconywa ukugwema noma ukukhawulela kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kotshwala ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi. Utshwala bungaphazamisa ukusebenza kahle komuthi futhi bungakhuphula ingozi yemiphumela emibi ethile, ikakhulukazi lezo ezithinta inhliziyo yakho nomfutho wegazi.

Inhlanganisela ingase futhi ifihle imiphumela yotshwala, okungenzeka ikwenze uphuze ngaphezu kwalokho obekuhloswe ngakho ngaphandle kokuqaphela. Lokhu kungaba yingozi futhi kungaholela ekuphuzeni utshwala obuningi noma ekwenzeni izinqumo ezingalungile.

Uma ukhetha ukuphuza utshwala ngezikhathi ezithile, kwenze ngokulinganisela futhi uxoxe ngalokhu nodokotela wakho kuqala. Bangakunikeza isiqondiso esiqondene nawe ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho esithile, umthamo, kanye nomlando wakho wezokwelapha. Ungalokothi usebenzise utshwala ukukusiza ukuthi ulale uma imithi ikugcina uvukile, ngoba lokhu kungadala umjikelezo oyingozi.