Yini i-Dextromethorphan ne-Quinidine: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Dextromethorphan ne-quinidine iyimithi kadokotela ehlanganisa izithako ezimbili ezisebenzayo ukwelapha isimo esithile sezinzwa esibizwa ngokuthi i-pseudobulbar affect (PBA). Le nhlanganisela isebenza ngendlela ehlukile kunanoma iyiphi imithi yodwa, idala indlela yokwelapha eyingqayizivele kubantu ababa neziqephu ezingalawuleki zokuhleka noma ukukhala ezingahambisani nendlela abazizwa ngayo ngaphakathi.

Uma wena noma othile omkhathalelayo enikezwe le mithi, cishe ubhekene nesimo esingase sizizwe sinzima futhi sihlazisa. Ukuqonda ukuthi le mithi isebenza kanjani kungakusiza ukuthi uzizwe uqiniseka kakhulu ngohlelo lwakho lokunakekelwa nokuthi yini ongayilindela ukuqhubeka.

Yini i-Dextromethorphan ne-Quinidine?

I-Dextromethorphan ne-quinidine iyimithi kadokotela ehlanganisa imithi emibili ehlukene ibe yikhephuli elilodwa. Igama lomkhiqizo lale nhlanganisela yi-Nuedexta, futhi yakhelwe ngqo ukwelapha i-pseudobulbar affect (PBA).

I-Dextromethorphan iyinhlanganisela ongase uyazi emithini yokukhwehlela etholakala ngaphandle kwemvume kadokotela, kodwa kulenhlanganisela, isebenza ngenjongo ehluke ngokuphelele. I-Quinidine iyimithi yenhliziyo esetshenziswe amashumi eminyaka ukwelapha ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile. Uma le mithi emibili ihlanganiswe ngemithamo ethile, isebenza ndawonye ukusiza ukulawula izindlela zobuchopho ezihilelekile ekukhulumeni imizwa.

Le nhlanganisela ihlukile ngoba i-quinidine empeleni isiza i-dextromethorphan ukuthi ihlale isebenza emzimbeni wakho isikhathi eside. Ngaphandle kwe-quinidine, i-dextromethorphan izohlukaniswa ngokushesha yisibindi sakho ukuze ingasebenzi ekwelapheni i-PBA.

Isetshenziselwani i-Dextromethorphan ne-Quinidine?

Lo muthi uvunyelwe ngokuqondile ukwelapha i-pseudobulbar affect (PBA), isimo sezinzwa esibangela izigameko ezingazelelwe, ezingalawuleki zokuhleka noma ukukhala. Lezi zigameko zenzeka ngaphandle kwesixwayiso futhi ngokuvamile azihambisani nendlela ozizwa ngayo ngempela ngokomzwelo.

I-PBA ngokuvamile ithuthuka kubantu abanezimo ezithile ze-neurological noma ukulimala kobuchopho. Ungase uhlangabezane ne-PBA uma une-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), multiple sclerosis (MS), isifo sika-Alzheimer, isifo sika-Parkinson, noma uma uke waba nesifo sohlangothi noma ukulimala kobuchopho okubuhlungu.

Izigameko zingazizwa zihlaza futhi zicindezela ngoba zibonakala zivela noma yikuphi. Ungase uzithole ukhala ngokungalawuleki ngesikhathi somzuzu ojabulisayo, noma uhleka ngokungafanele ngesikhathi sengxoxo ebalulekile. Lezi zimpendulo zingahlupha ubudlelwano futhi zenze izimo zomphakathi zizizwe zingakhululekile.

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi i-PBA ihluke ekucindezelekeni noma ezinkingeni zemizwa. Ukuqhuma kwemizwa akubonisi imizwa yakho yangempela, futhi kubangelwa ukulimala ezindleleni zobuchopho ezivame ukulawula ukuvezwa kwemizwa.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Dextromethorphan ne-Quinidine?

Lo muthi usebenza ngokugxila ezindleleni ezithile zobuchopho ezilawula ukuvezwa kwemizwa. Inhlanganisela ithathwa njengokwelashwa okuphakathi nendawo okuqinile okunganciphisa kakhulu izigameko ze-PBA uma zisetshenziswa njalo.

I-Dextromethorphan ithinta amakhemikhali athile obuchopho abizwa ngokuthi ama-neurotransmitters, ikakhulukazi lawo ahilelekile emijikelezweni yobuchopho elawula ukukhala nokuhleka. Kusiza ukuzinzisa lezi zindlela ukuze zingaqali ngokungafanele.

I-Quinidine idlala indima yokusekela ngokuvimba i-enzyme esibindini sakho esivame ukwephula i-dextromethorphan ngokushesha. Lokhu kuvumela i-dextromethorphan ukuthi ihlale isebenza ohlelweni lwakho isikhathi eside ngokwanele ukuze isebenze ekwelapheni i-PBA.

Umuthi awulaphi isimo esingaphansi sezinzwa esibangela i-PBA yakho, kodwa unganciphisa kakhulu ukuvama nokuqina kokuhleka noma ukukhala okungalawuleki. Abantu abaningi baqaphela ukuthuthuka emasontweni ambalwa okuqala okwelashwa.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Dextromethorphan ne-Quinidine?

Kufanele uthathe lo muthi njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekunqumele, ngokuvamile kabili ngosuku ngaphandle kokudla noma ngakho. Umthamo ojwayelekile wokuqala uvame ukuba yikhephuli elilodwa njalo emahoreni ayi-12, kodwa udokotela wakho angase akulungise lokhu ngokuya ngokuthi usabela kanjani ekwelashweni.

Ungathatha amakhephuli ngamanzi, ubisi, noma ijusi. Akukho okudingekayo okuthile ukuwathatha nokudla, kodwa uma uhlangabezana nesisu esibuhlungu, ukuwathatha nokudla okulula noma ukudla okulula kungasiza.

Zama ukuthatha imithamo yakho ngezikhathi ezifanayo nsuku zonke ukuze ugcine amazinga aqhubekayo omuthi ohlelweni lwakho. Ukusetha izikhumbuzi zocingo noma ukusebenzisa umhleli wamaphilisi kungakusiza ukuthi uhlale unokuvumelana neshejuli yakho yokulinganisa.

Ungachobozi, uhlafune, noma uvule amakhephuli. Zenzelwe ukukhipha umuthi ngendlela ethile, futhi ukushintsha ikhephuli kungathinta ukuthi ukwelashwa kusebenza kahle kangakanani noma kwandise ingozi yakho yemiphumela emibi.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Dextromethorphan ne-Quinidine?

Ubude bokwelashwa buyahluka ngokuya ngesimo sakho somuntu ngamunye nokuthi usabela kahle kangakanani emuthini. Abantu abaningi badinga ukuwuthatha isikhathi eside ukuze balawule izimpawu zabo ze-PBA.

Kungenzeka ukuthi udokotela wakho uzofuna ukukubona njalo ezinyangeni ezimbalwa zokuqala zokwelashwa ukuze aqaphele ukuthi umuthi usebenza kahle kangakanani futhi ahlole noma yimiphi imiphumela emibi. Bangase balungise umthamo wakho noma isikhathi ngokuya ngempendulo yakho.

Abanye abantu baqaphela ukuthuthuka ezigabeni zabo ze-PBA emasontweni ambalwa okuqala, kanti abanye bangase badinge izinyanga eziningana ukuze bathole izinzuzo ezigcwele. Okubalulekile ukubekezela nokuvumelana nokuthatha umuthi njengoba unqunyiwe.

Ungayeki ukuthatha lo muthi ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho kuqala. Bangase bafune ukunciphisa umthamo wakho kancane kancane ukuvimbela imiphumela yokuhoxisa noma ukubuyela kwezimpawu ze-PBA.

Ziyini Izimo Ezingezinhle ze-Dextromethorphan kanye ne-Quinidine?

Njengayo yonke imithi, i-dextromethorphan kanye ne-quinidine kungabangela imiphumela engemihle, nakuba kungewona wonke umuntu oyitholayo. Ukuqonda ukuthi okulindelekile kungakusiza ukuthi uzizwe ulungile futhi wazi ukuthi ungaxhumana nini nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo.

Imiphumela engemihle evame kakhulu ivame ukuba mnene futhi ivamise ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela umuthi emasontweni ambalwa okuqala okwelashwa.

Imiphumela engemihle ejwayelekile ongase uyithole ihlanganisa:

• Ukuqunjelwa noma izitulo ezixekile
• Isiyezi noma ukuzizwa unovalo
• Isicanucanu noma isisu esicasukile
• Ukuvuvukala ezandleni zakho, ezinyaweni, noma emaqakaleni
• Ubuthakathaka noma ukukhathala
• Ukukhwehlela noma izimpawu zokuphefumula
• Ukutheleleka kwendlela yokuchama

Le miphumela engemihle ejwayelekile ivamise ukulawuleka futhi ithambekele ekunciphiseni ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Nokho, kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho uma iba yinkinga noma iphazamisa imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke.

Kukhona nemiphumela engemihle engavamile kodwa ebucayi edinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha. Nakuba lokhu kungavamile, kubalulekile ukukwazi.

Imiphumela engemihle ebucayi edinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha ihlanganisa:

• Izinkinga zesigqi senhliziyo noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile
• Isiyezi esibi noma ukuquleka
• Ukungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile njengokuqubuka, ukuluma, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula
• Isicanucanu esibi, ukuhlanza, noma ukuqunjelwa
• Ukuphuma kwegazi okungajwayelekile noma ukulimala
• Ukudideka noma izinguquko esimweni sengqondo
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha obukhulu

Uma uthola noma iyiphi yale miphumela engemihle ebucayi, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha noma funa ukunakekelwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo. Ukuphepha kwakho yinto eza kuqala, futhi abahlinzeki bezempilo bahlome kahle ukusiza ukuphatha noma yiziphi izimpawu ezikhathazayo.

Obani okungafanele bathathe i-Dextromethorphan ne-Quinidine?

Lo muthi awuphephile kuwo wonke umuntu, futhi udokotela wakho uzobukeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokuwubhala. Izimo ezithile zezempilo nemithi kungenza lokhu kwelashwa kungafaneleki noma kube yingozi.

Akufanele uthathe lo muthi uma unezimo ezithile zenhliziyo, ikakhulukazi izinhlobo ezithile zokushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile noma ukuvinjelwa kwenhliziyo. Ingxenye ye-quinidine ingathinta uhlelo lukagesi lwenhliziyo yakho, ngakho-ke udokotela wakho cishe uzofuna ukuhlola ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa.

Abantu abanezifo ezinzima zesibindi noma izinso kungenzeka bangakwazi ukuthatha lo muthi ngokuphepha. Umzimba wakho udinga ukusebenza kahle kwesibindi nezinso ukuze ucubungule umuthi ngendlela efanele, futhi ukungasebenzi kahle kwezitho kungaholela emazingeni ayingozi akha ohlelweni lwakho.

Uma uthatha eminye imithi ethile, le nhlanganisela kungenzeka ingakulungele. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ezinye izidambisi zokucindezeleka, izinciphisi zegazi, neminye imithi yenhliziyo engase ihlangane ngendlela eyingozi ne-dextromethorphan ne-quinidine.

Udokotela wakho uzodinga nokwazi ukuthi ngabe unomlando wokuphazamiseka kwegazi, ukungalingani kwe-electrolyte, noma ngabe ukhulelwe noma uhlela ukukhulelwa. Ukuphepha kwalo muthi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa akukamiswanga ngokugcwele.

Igama Lomkhiqizo we-Dextromethorphan ne-Quinidine

Igama lomkhiqizo wale nhlanganisela yomuthi yi-Nuedexta. Lolu wuhlobo olulodwa olugunyazwe yi-FDA lwe-dextromethorphan ne-quinidine combination etholakala e-United States.

I-Nuedexta yenziwa yi-Avanir Pharmaceuticals futhi iza ngama-capsules aqukethe i-20 mg ye-dextromethorphan kanye ne-10 mg ye-quinidine. I-capsule ngayinye yakhelwe ukuhlinzeka ngesilinganiso esiqondile salawa machiza amabili adingekayo ekwelashweni kwe-PBA okuphumelelayo.

Ngesinye isikhathi ungase ubone lo muthi ubizwa ngegama lawo elivamile, kodwa okwamanje, azikho izinhlobo ezivamile ezitholakalayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngokuvamile uzothola i-Nuedexta yegama lomkhiqizo lapho umuthi wakho ugcwaliswa.

Umuthi uza emabhodleleni aqukethe amaphilisi angama-60 noma angama-30, kuye ngomuthi wakho kanye nomshwalense wakho. Umuthi wakho wezemithi angakusiza ukuthi uqonde umuthi wakho othile futhi aphendule noma yimiphi imibuzo mayelana nomuthi owutholayo.

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha i-Dextromethorphan ne-Quinidine

Njengamanje, i-dextromethorphan ne-quinidine iyona kuphela imithi evunywe yi-FDA ngokukhethekileyo yokwelapha i-pseudobulbar affect. Kodwa-ke, udokotela wakho angase acabange ezinye izindlela uma lo muthi ungakulungele noma unganikezi ukukhululeka okwanele.

Abanye odokotela bangase babhalele abanye abantu abanezifo zokucindezeleka ngaphandle kwesitifiketi ukusiza ngezimpawu ze-PBA. Ama-antidepressants e-Tricyclic afana ne-amitriptyline noma ama-selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) abonise ezinye izinzuzo ezifundweni zomtholampilo, yize bengavunyelwe ngokukhethekileyo ukwelapha i-PBA.

Izindlela ezingezona zemithi nazo zingaba usizo njengokwelashwa okwengezelelwe. Ukwelashwa kwenkulumo, ukwelulekwa, kanye namaqhinga okubhekana nezimo kungakusiza ukuthi ulawule izinselelo zomphakathi nezingokomzwelo eziza neziqephu ze-PBA.

Ukusebenza nodokotela wezinzwa noma udokotela wezifo zengqondo onolwazi nge-PBA kungakusiza ukuthi uhlole zonke izinketho ezitholakalayo. Bangakusiza ukuthi ulinganise izinzuzo nezingozi zezindlela ezihlukene ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho esithile kanye nezinye izimo zempilo.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukusebenza eduze nethimba lakho lezempilo ukuthola indlela yokwelapha ekusebenzela kahle. Unganqikazi ukubuza imibuzo noma ukuveza izinkathazo mayelana nohlelo lwakho lokwelapha.

Ingabe i-Dextromethorphan ne-Quinidine Ingcono Kunezinye Izindlela Zokwelapha i-PBA?

I-Dextromethorphan ne-quinidine njengamanje yikhambi eliyigolide lokwelapha i-pseudobulbar affect ngoba yiyo kuphela imithi evunywe yi-FDA ngokuqondile ngalesi simo. Izifundo zomtholampilo zikhombise ukuthi isebenza kahle kakhulu kune-placebo ekunciphiseni izigameko ze-PBA.

Uma iqhathaniswa nokwelashwa okungagunyaziwe njengama-antidepressants, le nhlanganisela ifundwe ngokuqondile futhi yafakazelwa ukuthi iyasebenza ku-PBA. Izivivinyo zomtholampilo zakhombisa ukuthi cishe ama-85% abantu abathatha imithi bathola ukuthuthuka okukhulu ezimpawini zabo ze-PBA.

Inzuzo yokuba nokwelashwa okuvunywe yi-FDA ukuthi ungaqiniseka ngobungozi bayo kanye nephrofayili yokusebenza kahle. Umuthi uye wahlolwa ngokuqinile ngokuqondile nge-PBA, ngokungafani nokunye ukwelashwa okusetshenziswa ngaphandle kwegunya.

Nokho,

Uma unomlando wezinkinga zenhliziyo, ungasacabangi ukuthi lo muthi awuphephile kuwe. Abantu abaningi abanezimo zenhliziyo bangawuthatha ngokuphepha ngokuqapha okufanele. Udokotela wakho wenhliziyo nodokotela oqokayo bangasebenzisana ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwakho.

Q2. Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngiphuzile Kakhulu I-Dextromethorphan ne-Quinidine Ngengozi?

Uma ngengozi uthatha ngaphezu komthamo oqokiwe, xhumana nodokotela wakho noma isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi ngokushesha. Ukuthatha umuthi omningi kakhulu kungaba yingozi, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yemiphumela ye-quinidine ehliziyweni lakho.

Izimpawu zokweqisa zingabandakanya isiyezi esikhulu, ukuquleka, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, noma ukudideka. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu ngemuva kokuthatha umuthi owengeziwe, funa ukunakekelwa kwezempilo eziphuthumayo ngokushesha.

Ungazami ukuzama ukwenza ngaphezulu ngokuqaqa umthamo wakho olandelayo. Kunalokho, landela isiqondiso somhlinzeki wakho wezempilo noma isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi mayelana nokuthi ungaluqala nini kabusha uhlelo lwakho lokulinganisa olujwayelekile.

Q3. Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngiphuthelwa Umthamo We-Dextromethorphan ne-Quinidine?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo, wuthatha ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, ngaphandle kokuthi sekuyisikhathi esiseduze somthamo wakho olandelayo ohleliwe. Kulokho, weqa umthamo ophuthelwe futhi uqhubeke nohlelo lwakho lokulinganisa olujwayelekile.

Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze wenze ngaphezulu ngomthamo ophuthelwe. Lokhu kungakhuphula ingozi yakho yemiphumela emibi, ikakhulukazi izinkinga zesigqi senhliziyo ezivela ku-quinidine eningi ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Uma uvame ukukhohlwa imithamo, cabangela ukusetha izikhumbuzi zocingo noma usebenzise umhleli wamaphilisi ukukusiza ukuthi uhlale uqhubeka. Ukulinganisa okuqhubekayo kubalulekile ekulawuleni okuzinzile kwezimpawu zakho ze-PBA.

Q4. Ngingayeka Nini Ukuthatha I-Dextromethorphan ne-Quinidine?

Akufanele uyeke ukuthatha lo muthi ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho kuqala. I-PBA ngokuvamile iyisimo esingamahlala-khona, futhi ukuyeka ukwelashwa ngokuvamile kusho ukuthi izimpawu zakho zizobuya.

Udkt wakho angase acabange ukunciphisa noma ukuyeka imithi uma isimo sakho sezindaba zemizwa sithuthuka, uma uhlangabezana nemiphumela engabekezeleleki, noma uma ezinye izimo zezempilo zenza ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo kungaphephile.

Uma udinga ukuyeka ukuthatha imithi, udokotela wakho cishe uzoncoma ukunciphisa kancane kancane umthamo wakho kunokuyeka kungazelelwe. Lokhu kusiza ekuvikeleni noma yimiphi imiphumela yokuhoxisa engaba khona futhi kuvumela ukuqapha ngokucophelela izimpawu zakho ze-PBA.

Q5. Ngingakwazi yini ukuphuza utshwala ngenkathi ngithatha i-Dextromethorphan ne-Quinidine?

Kufanele ugweme utshwala noma ululinganisele kakhulu ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi. Utshwala bungakhuphula imiphumela yokuthulisa ye-dextromethorphan futhi bungase futhi lithinte isigqi senhliziyo yakho, okungaba yingozi uma kuhlanganiswe ne-quinidine.

Uma ukhetha ukuphuza utshwala ngezikhathi ezithile, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nemikhawulo ephephile esekelwe kuphrofayili yakho yezempilo. Bangakunikeza isiqondiso esiqondene nesimo sakho kanye neminye imithi ongase uyithathe.

Khumbula ukuthi utshwala bungase futhi buqhubekise ezinye izimo zemizwa futhi bungase benze izimpawu zakho ze-PBA zibe nzima ukuphatha. Impilo yakho yonke nokulawulwa kwezimpawu kungase kuthuthuke ngokuncishiswa kokusetshenziswa kotshwala.