Yini i-Dofetilide: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Dofetilide iyikhambi elibhalwe ngudokotela elisiza ukubuyisela nokugcina ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuvamile kubantu abanezinhlobo ezithile zokushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile. Lo muthi ungowesigaba esibizwa ngokuthi imithi elwa nokungajwayeleki kwenhliziyo, esebenza ngokuthinta izimpawu zikagesi enhliziyweni yakho ukuyisiza ukuthi ishaye ngendlela eqhubekayo, ejwayelekile.

Uma udokotela wakho ekunikeze i-dofetilide, kungenzeka ukuthi unesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-atrial fibrillation noma i-atrial flutter. Lokhu kuyizifo ezivamile zokushaya kwenhliziyo lapho amagumbi aphezulu enhliziyo yakho eshaya ngokungajwayelekile noma ngokushesha kakhulu, okungakwenza uzizwe ukhathele, uphelelwe umoya, noma kubangele ukungakhululeki esifubeni.

Yini i-Dofetilide Esetshenziselwa Yona?

I-Dofetilide ngokukhethekile ibhalelwe ukwelapha izinkinga ezimbili eziyinhloko zokushaya kwenhliziyo: i-atrial fibrillation ne-atrial flutter. Lezi zimo zenzeka lapho izimpawu zikagesi emagumbini aphezulu enhliziyo yakho zingahleleki, okubangela ukuthi inhliziyo yakho ishaye ngokungajwayelekile noma ngokushesha kakhulu.

Udokotela wakho angase akubhalele i-dofetilide ukuguqula ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho okungajwayelekile kubuyele esigcawini esijwayelekile, inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-cardioversion. Umuthi ungasiza futhi ukugcina leso sigqi esijwayelekile uma sesibuyisiwe, uvimbela amaphethini angajwayelekile ukuthi abuye.

Lo muthi ngokuvamile ugcinelwe abantu abangazange basabele kahle kweminye imithi yokushaya kwenhliziyo noma lapho ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingafaneleki. Udokotela wakho wenhliziyo uzohlola ngokucophelela ukuthi i-dofetilide iyona yini ekufanele esimweni sakho esithile.

Isebenza Kanjani i-Dofetilide?

I-Dofetilide isebenza ngokuvimba iziteshi zikagesi ezithile emangqamuzaneni enhliziyo yakho ezibizwa ngokuthi iziteshi ze-potassium. Cabanga ngalezi ziteshi njengamasango alawula ukugeleza kwezimpawu zikagesi ngemisipha yenhliziyo yakho.

Ngokuvala lezi ziteshi, i-dofetilide yehlisa futhi ihlele umsebenzi kagesi emagumbini aphezulu enhliziyo yakho. Lokhu kusiza ukubuyisela iphethini kagesi ehleliwe enhliziyo yakho eyidingayo ukuze ishaye njalo futhi ngempumelelo.

Lokhu kuthathwa njengomuthi onamandla odinga ukuqashwa ngokucophelela. Imiphumela emsebenzini kagesi wenhliziyo yakho ibalulekile, yingakho udokotela wakho ezofuna ukukuqapha eduze lapho uqala lo muthi.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Dofetilide?

I-Dofetilide iza ngama-capsule ozowathatha ngomlomo, ngokuvamile kabili ngosuku ngezikhathi ezihlukaniswe ngokulinganayo. Udokotela wakho uzonquma isimiso esiqondile sokulinganisa ngokusekelwe ekusebenzeni kwezinso zakho kanye nesimo senhliziyo.

Ungathatha i-dofetilide ngaphandle noma ngaphandle kokudla, kodwa zama ukuyithatha ngendlela efanayo ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuze uvumelane. Gwinya ama-capsule wonke ngengilazi yamanzi egcwele. Ungagxobi, uhlafune, noma uvule ama-capsule, ngoba lokhu kungathinta indlela umuthi omuncwa ngayo.

Ukuthatha imithamo yakho ngezikhathi ezifanayo nsuku zonke kusiza ukugcina amazinga aqhubekayo omuthi ohlelweni lwakho. Abantu abaningi bakuthola kuwusizo ukusetha izikhumbuzi zocingo noma bathathe imithamo yabo ngemisebenzi yansuku zonke ejwayelekile njengokudla.

Lapho uqala ukuthatha i-dofetilide, uzodinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela okungenani izinsuku ezintathu. Lokhu kuvumela ithimba lakho lezokwelapha ukuthi liqaphe isigqi senhliziyo yakho futhi lilungise umthamo wakho ngokuphepha njengoba umzimba wakho uzivumela emuthini.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Dofetilide?

Ubude bomuthi we-dofetilide buhluka kakhulu kumuntu nomuntu, kuye ngesimo sakho senhliziyo esithile nokuthi usabela kahle kangakanani emuthini. Abanye abantu bangase bayidinge izinyanga eziningana, kanti abanye bangase bayithathe iminyaka.

Udokotela wakho uzohlola njalo ukuthi ngabe umuthi usadingeka futhi uyasebenza yini kuwe. Bazocabangela izinto ezinjengokuthi isigqi senhliziyo yakho silawulwa kahle kangakanani, noma yimaphi imiphumela emibi oyitholayo, kanye nezinguquko empilweni yakho yonke.

Ungayeki ukuthatha i-dofetilide ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho kuqala. Ukuyeka kungazelelwe kungabangela ukuthi isigqi senhliziyo yakho esingajwayelekile sibuyele, okungaholela ezinkingeni ezingathi sína. Udokotela wakho uzokwenza uhlelo oliphephile uma udinga ukuyeka umuthi.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni Ye-Dofetilide?

Njengayo yonke imithi, i-dofetilide ingabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba kungewona wonke umuntu oyitholayo. Ukuqonda ukuthi yini okufanele uyibheke kukusiza ukuthi uhlale uphephile futhi uxhumane ngempumelelo nethimba lakho lezempilo.

Into ekhathaza kakhulu nge-dofetilide isigqi senhliziyo esingase sibe yingozi esibizwa ngokuthi i-torsades de pointes. Yingakho uzoqashwa eduze lapho uqala umuthi kanye nasezikhathini zokulungiswa komthamo.

Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile abantu abaningi abayitholayo ihlanganisa:

• Ikhanda
• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukungakhululeki
• Isiyezi noma ukukhathala
• Isicanucanu noma isisu esicasukile
• Ukukhathala noma ubuthakathaka
• Ukuphefumula
• Izimpawu ezinjenge-flu

Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuba mnene futhi zingathuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela umuthi. Kodwa-ke, kufanele njalo ubike noma yiziphi izimpawu ezintsha noma eziqhubekayo kudokotela wakho.

Imiphumela emibi engathi sína edinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha ihlanganisa:

• Isiyezi esikhulu noma ukuquleka
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okungajwayelekile
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu besifuba
• Ukuphefumula kanzima
• Ukuvuvukala emilenzeni yakho, emaqakaleni, noma ezinyaweni
• Ukukhathala okungajwayelekile noma ubuthakathaka

Uma uthola noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha noma funa ukunakekelwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo. Lokhu kungaba yizimpawu zenkinga enkulu yesigqi senhliziyo edinga ukwelashwa okusheshayo.

Ubani Ongafanele Athole I-Dofetilide?

I-Dofetilide ayiphephile kuwo wonke umuntu, futhi kunezimo eziningana ezibalulekile lapho lo muthi ungafanele usetshenziswe khona. Udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokuwubhala.

Akufanele uthathe i-dofetilide uma unesifo esibi sezinso noma uma izinso zakho zingasebenzi kahle. Njengoba izinso zakho zikhipha lo muthi emzimbeni wakho, ukusebenza kabi kwezinso kungabangela ukuthi amazinga ayingozi aqongeleleke.

Abantu abanezimo ezithile zenhliziyo kufanele bagweme i-dofetilide, okuhlanganisa nalabo abane:

• Isikhathi eside se-QT ku-ECG yabo
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo okukhulu
• Ukuvinjelwa okuphelele kwenhliziyo ngaphandle kwe-pacemaker
• Izinhlobo ezithile zokuphazamiseka kwesigqi senhliziyo

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-dofetilide ingasebenzisana ngendlela eyingozi neminye imithi eminingi. Akufanele uyithathe uma usebenzisa ama-antibiotics athile, imithi elwa nesikhunta, noma eminye imithi ethinta isigqi senhliziyo.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe noma abancelisa ngamabele kufanele baxoxe ngezingozi nezinzuzo nodokotela wabo, njengoba ukuphepha kwe-dofetilide ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungaqinisekiswanga kahle.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Dofetilide

I-Dofetilide iyatholakala ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo elithi Tikosyn e-United States. Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu olubhalwe ngemithi.

Njengamanje, azikho izinhlobo ezivamile ze-dofetilide ezitholakala emakethe yase-US. Lokhu kusho ukuthi cishe uzothola umuthi wegama lomkhiqizo lapho umuthi wakho ogcwaliswa.

Njalo qiniseka ukuthi ikhemisi lakho likunikeza umuthi oqondile odokotela bakho abaku-oda. Uma unemibuzo mayelana nomuthi owutholayo, unganqikazi ukubuza usokhemisi wakho ukuze ucaciselwe.

Ezinye Izindlela Zokwelapha ze-Dofetilide

Uma i-dofetilide ingakulungele noma ingasebenzi kahle, udokotela wakho unezinye izinketho eziningana zokusiza ukulawula isigqi senhliziyo yakho. Ukukhetha kuncike esimweni sakho esithile, ezinye izinkinga zempilo, nokuthi usabele kanjani ekwelashweni kwangaphambilini.

Eminye imithi elwa nokungahambi kahle kwenhliziyo engase icatshangelwe ihlanganisa i-amiodarone, i-flecainide, i-propafenone, ne-sotalol. Ngamunye walaba usebenza ngendlela ehlukile futhi unohlu lwawo lwezinzuzo nemiphumela engemihle engaba khona.

Ukwelashwa okungasebenzisi imithi kuyatholakala nakwabanye abantu. Lokhu kungabandakanya i-electrical cardioversion, lapho ukushaqeka kagesi okulawulwayo kubuyisela isigqi esijwayelekile, noma i-catheter ablation, inqubo ecekela phansi izindawo ezincane zezicubu zenhliziyo ezibangela isigqi esingajwayelekile.

Udokotela wakho wenhliziyo uzosebenza nawe ukuthola indlela engcono kakhulu yokwelapha esekelwe esimweni sakho, ecabangela izinto ezinjengobudala bakho, impilo yonke, nezintandokazi zokwelapha.

Ingabe i-Dofetilide ingcono kune-Amiodarone?

Kokubili i-dofetilide ne-amiodarone ziyimithi esebenzayo yokwelapha isigqi senhliziyo esingajwayelekile, kodwa zisebenza ngendlela ehlukile futhi zinezinzuzo nobubi obuhlukile. Akukho noyedwa ongcono kunomunye.

I-Dofetilide ivame ukuba nemiphumela emincane yesikhathi eside ethinta izitho ezinjengamaphaphu, isibindi, kanye nendlala yegilo, okungaba yizinkinga nge-amiodarone. Kodwa-ke, i-dofetilide idinga ukuqapha okucophelelayo komsebenzi wezinso futhi ingaqalwa kuphela esibhedlela.

I-Amiodarone ivame ukusebenza kahle ezinhlotsheni ezithile zezinkinga zesigqi senhliziyo futhi ingasetshenziswa kubantu abanezimo zenhliziyo ezinzima kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ingabangela imiphumela emibi yesikhathi eside, ikakhulukazi uma isetshenziswa isikhathi eside.

Udokotela wakho wenhliziyo uzocabangela isimo sakho senhliziyo esithile, umsebenzi wezinso, eminye imithi, nempilo yonke lapho ekhetha phakathi kwalezi zinketho. Umuthi “ongcono” ngumuthi ophephe kakhulu futhi osebenza kahle esimweni sakho.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Dofetilide

Ingabe i-Dofetilide iphephile kubantu abanenhliziyo ehlulekayo?

I-Dofetilide ingasetshenziswa kubantu abanenhliziyo ehlulekayo elula noma emaphakathi, kodwa idinga ukuqapha okwengeziwe. Udokotela wakho uzohlola ngokucophelela ukuthi izinzuzo zidlula yini izingozi esimweni sakho.

Uma unesifo senhliziyo esibi, i-dofetilide ngokuvamile ayinconyelwa ngoba ingase yenze isimo sakho sibe sibi. Udokotela wakho wenhliziyo uzocabangela ukusebenza kwenhliziyo yakho, okulinganiswa ngezivivinyo ezinjenge-echocardiogram, ngaphambi kokukuyalela lo muthi.

Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngiphuzile i-Dofetilide eningi ngengozi?

Uma ngengozi uphuza i-dofetilide eningi kunaleyo oyiyalelwe, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha noma uye egumbini eliphuthumayo eliseduze. Ukuphuza okuningi kungabangela izinkinga eziyingozi zesigqi senhliziyo ezidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Ungalindi ukubona ukuthi uzizwa kahle yini. Ukweqisa kwe-dofetilide kungabangela ukungajwayeleki okukhulu kwesigqi senhliziyo okungenzeka kungabangeli izimpawu ekuqaleni kodwa kungase kube yingozi ekuphileni. Letha ibhodlela lomuthi wakho nawe ukuze abasebenzi bezokwelapha bakwazi ukubona kahle ukuthi yini nokuthi ungakanani oyiphuzile.

Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo we-Dofetilide?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo we-dofetilide, uyithathe ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, ngaphandle uma sekuseduze isikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo ohleliwe. Kulokho, weqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uthatha umthamo wakho olandelayo ngesikhathi esijwayelekile.

Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ulungise umthamo ophuthelwe, ngoba lokhu kungakhuphula ingozi yakho yemiphumela emibi engathí sina. Uma ungaqiniseki ngesikhathi noma uphuthelwe imithamo eminingi, xhumana nodokotela wakho noma usokhemisi ukuze uthole isiqondiso.

Ngingayeka nini ukuphuza i-Dofetilide?

Kufanele uyeke kuphela ukuphuza i-dofetilide ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela wakho. Udokotela wakho wenhliziyo uzonquma ukuthi kuphephile nini ukuyeka umuthi ngokusekelwe esigqini senhliziyo yakho, impilo yonke, nokuphendula ekwelashweni.

Abanye abantu bangase bakwazi ukuyeka i-dofetilide ngemva kokuba isigqi senhliziyo yabo sizinzile isikhathi esithile, kanti abanye bangase badinge ukuqhubeka beyiphuzela isikhathi eside. Udokotela wakho uzokwenza uhlelo oluphephile lokuyeka umuthi uma ungasadingeki.

Ngingakwazi yini ukuphuza utshwala ngenkathi ngiphuzela i-Dofetilide?

Kungcono ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala ngenkathi uthatha i-dofetilide, njengoba utshwala bungathinta ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho futhi bungase busebenzisane nemithi. Xoxa ngokusebenzisa kwakho utshwala nodokotela wakho ukuze uqonde ukuthi yini ephephile kuwe.

Utshwala bungase futhi benze ngcono eminye imiphumela engemihle ye-dofetilide, njengokugajuka noma ukuzwa ukukhanya ekhanda. Uma ukhetha ukuphuza, kwenze ngokulinganisela futhi uqaphele ukuthi uzizwa kanjani, ikakhulu uma uqala ukuthatha imithi.