Yini i-Dronabinol: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Dronabinol iyinguqulo yokwenziwa ye-THC, inhlanganisela esebenzayo etholakala ku-marijuana, evunywe yi-FDA njengomuthi kadokotela. Iza ngesimo samaphilisi futhi isetshenziselwa ukusiza abantu ukuthi baphathe izimo ezithile zezokwelapha njengokucasuka okukhulu okuvela ekhemotherapy nokulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla ezimweni ezithile.

Lo muthi usebenza ngendlela ehlukile kune-marijuana yokuzilibazisa ngoba ukhiqizwa ngokucophelela, unikezwe umthamo oqondile, futhi unqunywe odokotela ngezinhloso ezithile zezokwelapha. Cabanga ngakho njengokuthatha izingxenye eziwusizo ze-cannabis bese uziguqula zibe ukwelashwa okulawulwayo, kwezokwelapha.

Yini i-Dronabinol?

I-Dronabinol empeleni i-THC yezokwelapha eyenziwe e-laboratory kunokuba ikhishwe esitshalweni se-cannabis. Isithako esisebenzayo sifana ncamashi nalokho okutholakala ngokwemvelo ku-marijuana, kodwa sikhiqizwa ngaphansi kwamazinga aqinile emithi.

Uzothola lo muthi uthengiswa ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo elithi Marinol, futhi uza njengamaphilisi e-gelatin athambile owathatha ngomlomo. Amaphilisi aqukethe inani eliqondile lesithako esisebenzayo esincibilikisiwe emafutheni e-sesame, okusiza umzimba wakho ukuthi uliwafake kahle.

Okuthatha i-dronabinol ngendlela ehlukile ukuthi iyinto elawulwayo ye-Schedule III, okusho ukuthi inokusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha okwamukelwe kodwa isadinga ukuqashwa ngokucophelela. Udokotela wakho uzodinga ukubhala incwadi kadokotela ekhethekile, futhi uzodinga ukulandela imihlahlandlela ethile lapho uyithatha.

Isetshenziselwani i-Dronabinol?

I-Dronabinol ikakhulukazi inqunyelwe izimo ezimbili eziyinhloko lapho ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingazange zinikeze ukukhululeka okwanele. Okokuqala ukucasuka okukhulu nokuhlanza okubangelwa yi-chemotherapy yomdlavuza, ikakhulukazi uma imithi ejwayelekile yokulwa nokucasuka ingasebenzi kahle ngokwanele.

Ukusetshenziswa kwesibili okuvunyelwe ukukhuthaza isifiso sokudla kubantu abane-AIDS abalahlekelwa isisindo esikhulu. Lesi simo, ngezinye izikhathi esibizwa nge-AIDS wasting syndrome, singaba yingozi empilweni, futhi i-dronabinol iyasiza ngokwandisa isifiso sokudla nokunciphisa isicanucanu esingase sivimbele ukudla.

Ezinye izinyanga zingase futhi zibhale i-dronabinol ngaphandle kwesitifiketi se-FDA kwezinye izimo ezinjengobuhlungu obungapheli, izinkinga zokulala, noma ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kwesifiso sokudla okuvela kwezinye izimo zezokwelapha. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kusetshenziswa akuvunyelwe ngokusemthethweni yi-FDA, ngakho udokotela wakho uzohlola ngokucophelela izinzuzo nezingozi ngaphambi kokuyincoma.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Dronabinol?

I-Dronabinol isebenza ngokusebenzisana nama-receptors akhethekile ebuchosheni bakho nasohlelweni lwakho lwezinzwa olubizwa ngama-cannabinoid receptors. Lawa ma-receptors ayingxenye yesistimu yemvelo yomzimba wakho yokulawula izinto ezinjengesifiso sokudla, imizwa, nesicanucanu.

Uma uthatha i-dronabinol, ibopha kula ma-receptors futhi ingasiza ekunciphiseni imizwa yesicanucanu nokwandisa isifiso sakho sokudla. Ithathwa njengomuthi onamandla ngokulinganisela, okusho ukuthi ingasebenza kahle kodwa futhi idinga ukulinganiswa nokugadwa ngokucophelela.

Imiphumela ivamise ukuqala phakathi kwemizuzu engama-30 kuya emahoreni amabili ngemva kokuyithatha, futhi ingahlala amahora ama-4 kuya kwangu-6. Umzimba wakho ucubungula umuthi ngesibindi sakho, yingakho kubalulekile ukuqapha uma unezinkinga zesibindi.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Dronabinol?

Kufanele uthathe i-dronabinol ngendlela enembile njengoba udokotela wakho ekunqumele ngayo, ngokuvamile izikhathi ezi-1 kuya kwezi-3 ngosuku kuye ngesimo sakho. Amaphilisi kufanele agwinywe wonke ngenkomishi yamanzi egcwele, futhi awudingi ukuwathatha nokudla, nakuba abanye abantu bekuthola kulula esiswini sabo uma benza kanjalo.

Ngesicanucanu nokuhlanza, udokotela wakho ngokuvamile uzoqala ngomthamo ophansi futhi angawunyusa kancane kancane ngokusekelwe endleleni ozosabela ngayo. Kungcono ukuthatha umthamo wakho wokuqala uma ungaphumula amahora ambalwa, njengoba ungase uzizwe unesiyezi noma ukozela ngenkathi umzimba wakho uzivumelanisa.

Gcina imithi yakho endaweni epholile, eyomileyo kude nobushushu nokukhanya. Yigcine esitsheni sayo sokuqala futhi uqinisekise ukuthi ivikelekile futhi ikude nezingane noma ubani ongayisebenzisa kabi. Ungalokothi wabelane nge-dronabinol yakho nabanye, ngisho noma benezimpawu ezifanayo.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Dronabinol?

Ubude besikhathi ozothatha ngaso i-dronabinol buqondene nesimo sakho sezempilo kanye nokuthi usabela kahle kangakanani ekwelashweni. Ukuqunjelwa okuhlobene ne-chemotherapy, ungase uyidinge kuphela ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwakho, kuyilapho ukukhuthaza ukudla kungase kudingeke ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside.

Udokotela wakho uzohlola njalo ukuthi ngabe imithi isasiza yini nokuthi ngabe izinzuzo zisaqhubeka zidlula noma yimaphi imiphumela emibi. Abanye abantu bayayidinga amasonto ambalwa nje, kanti abanye bangayithatha izinyanga noma isikhathi eside ngaphansi kokuqashwa kwezokwelapha okucophelelayo.

Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha i-dronabinol ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho kuqala, ikakhulukazi uma ubuthatha amasonto amaningana. Umzimba wakho ungase udinge isikhathi sokuzivumelanisa, futhi ukuyeka kungazelelwe kungadala izimpawu zokuhoxiswa njengokucasuka, izinkinga zokulala, noma ukubuyela kwezimpawu zakho zokuqala.

Yini Imiphumela Eceleni Ye-Dronabinol?

Njenganoma imuphi umuthi, i-dronabinol ingadala imiphumela emibi, yize kungewona wonke umuntu oyitholayo. Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile ihlobene nendlela umuthi othinta ngayo isimiso sakho sezinzwa futhi ngokuvamile iyathuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho uzivumelanisa.

Nansi imiphumela emibi ongase uyibone, iqala ngaleyo ejwayelekile:

• Isiyezi noma ukuzwa ukukhanya ekhanda, ikakhulukazi uma usukuma
• Ukozela noma ukuzwa ukhathele ngokungavamile
• Umlomo owomile
• Ukuzwa ujabule noma “uphezulu”
• Ukudideka noma ubunzima bokugxila
• Ukucasuka noma ukungakhululeki kwesisu
• Ikhanda
• Ubuthakathaka noma ukukhathala

Lezi zimo ezivamile ezibangelwa imithi ngokuvamile zincipha njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela imithi. Ukuphuza amanzi amaningi kungasiza ngomlomo owomile, futhi ukuthatha umthamo wakho uma ungaphumula kusiza ukuphatha isiyezi nokozela.

Kukhona futhi ezinye izimo ezingavamile kodwa ezinzima ezibangelwa imithi ezidinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha. Lokhu okungenzeka okungavamile kufaka phakathi izinguquko ezinzima zemizwa, ukucabanga okungamanga, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, noma izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile njengokuqubuka, ukuvuvukala, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula.

Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimo ezibangelwa imithi ezikukhathazayo noma eziphazamisa imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke, unganqikazi ukuxhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo. Bavame ukukwazi ukulungisa umthamo wakho noma isikhathi sokuthatha imithi ukuze banciphise lezi zimo ngenkathi usathola izinzuzo ozidingayo.

Ubani Ongafanele Athole i-Dronabinol?

I-Dronabinol ayiphephile kuwo wonke umuntu, futhi kunezimo eziningana ezibalulekile lapho kufanele ugweme le mithi. Okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma unomlando wokusebenzisa izidakamizwa, njengoba i-dronabinol ingaba umlutha.

Akufanele uthathe i-dronabinol uma unokungezwani komzimba ne-marijuana, i-THC, noma amafutha e-sesame (asetshenziswa kuma-capsules). Abantu abanezimo ezithile zenhliziyo, ikakhulukazi labo abake bahlaselwa yinhliziyo noma abanezinkinga zokushaya kwenhliziyo ezingazinzile, kufanele futhi bagweme le mithi.

Izimo zempilo yengqondo zidinga ukuqapha okukhethekile nge-dronabinol. Uma unomlando we-schizophrenia, i-bipolar disorder, noma ukucindezeleka okukhulu, le mithi ingase iqhubekisele phambili lezi zimo noma ibangele izigameko.

Ukukhulelwa nokuncelisa nazo izinto ezibalulekile okufanele zicatshangelwe. I-Dronabinol ingalimaza izingane ezisakhula futhi idlulela obisini lwebele, ngakho-ke ngokuvamile akunconywa ngalezi zikhathi ngaphandle uma izinzuzo zizinzile ngokusobala.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Dronabinol

Igama eliyinhloko lomkhiqizo we-dronabinol yi-Marinol, ekhona kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1980. Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu ukunconywa futhi luza ngamandla ahlukene ama-capsules e-gelatin athambile.

Kukhona nomkhiqizo omusha obizwa nge-Syndros, okuyifomu eliwuketshezi le-dronabinol olithatha ngomlomo usebenzisa i-syringe ekhethekile yomlomo. Lolu hlobo oluwuketshezi lungasiza abantu abanobunzima bokugwinya ama-capsules noma abadinga ukulungiswa okucacile kwemithamo.

Zombili izinhlobo ziqukethe isithako esifanayo esisebenzayo futhi zisebenza ngendlela efanayo, kodwa udokotela wakho angase akhethe enye ngaphezu kwenye ngokuya ngezidingo zakho nezimo zakho.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Dronabinol

Uma i-dronabinol ingakulungele, kunezinye izinketho eziningana udokotela wakho angazicabangela. Ukuze kuqede isicanucanu nokuhlanza, imithi efana ne-ondansetron (Zofran), i-prochlorperazine (Compazine), noma i-metoclopramide (Reglan) ivame ukusetshenziswa njengezinye izindlela.

Ukuze kuvuselelwe ukudla, udokotela wakho angase aphonse i-megestrol acetate (Megace), okuyihomoni eyenziwe ngendlela yokwenziwa engasiza ukwandisa ukudla nokuzuza isisindo. I-Mirtazapine, i-antidepressant, nayo ngezinye izikhathi isetshenziswa ngaphandle kwelebula ukuze kuvuselelwe ukudla.

Kukhona futhi i-nabilone (Cesamet), okungomunye umuthi we-cannabinoid wokwenziwa ofana ne-dronabinol kodwa onemiphumela ehlukile kancane. Abanye abantu bayayibekezelela enye kangcono kunenye.

Udokotela wakho uzokusiza ukuthi uhlole lezi ezinye izindlela ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho esithile, eminye imithi oyithathayo, kanye nokuphendula kwakho ngakunye ekwelashweni.

Ingabe i-Dronabinol ingcono kune-Ondansetron?

Noma ngabe i-dronabinol ingcono kune-ondansetron kuncike esimweni sakho ngasinye nokuthi yini oyelaphayo. I-Ondansetron (Zofran) ngokuvamile iyindlela yokwelashwa yokuqala yokuhlanza okubangelwa i-chemotherapy ngoba isebenza kahle kakhulu futhi inemiphumela emincane.

I-Dronabinol ngokuvamile igcinelwe amacala lapho imithi ejwayelekile yokulwa nesicanucanu efana ne-ondansetron inganikezanga ukukhululeka okwanele. Inenzuzo eyengeziwe yokuvuselela isifiso sokudla, okungenziwa yi-ondansetron.

Kodwa-ke, i-dronabinol inamathuba amaningi okuba nemiphumela emibi efana nesiyezi, ukudideka, nenjabulo, okutholakala abanye abantu bengakujabuleli. I-Ondansetron ivame ukubekezelelwa kangcono futhi ayithinti isimo sakho sengqondo.

Udkt wakho ngokuvamile uzoqala azame i-ondansetron kuqala, futhi uma ingasebenzi kahle ngokwanele, bangase bangeze i-dronabinol noma bayishintshele kuyo. Ukukhetha okungcono kuncike ezimpawini zakho ezithile, ezinye izimo zezokwelapha, nokuthi usabela kanjani emithini ngayinye.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Nge-Dronabinol

Ingabe i-Dronabinol iphephile kubantu abanezifo zenhliziyo?

I-Dronabinol idinga ukuqapha okukhethekile uma unezifo zenhliziyo, ikakhulukazi uma unezinkinga zenhliziyo ezingazinzile noma usanda kuba nesifo senhliziyo. Umuthi ungakhuphula izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho futhi ungase uthinte umfutho wegazi, okungase kube yinkinga kwezinye izimo zenhliziyo.

Uma unezifo zenhliziyo ezinzile, udkt wakho angase akwazi ukukuyala i-dronabinol kodwa uzokuqapha eduze. Bazofuna ukuqala ngomthamo ophansi futhi baqaphele noma yiziphi izimpawu zokuthi umuthi uthinta ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho noma umfutho wegazi.

Njalo tshela udkt wakho nganoma yiziphi izinkinga zenhliziyo ngaphambi kokuqala i-dronabinol, futhi uxhumane nabo ngokushesha uma uzwa ubuhlungu besifuba, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, noma ukuphefumula okungavamile ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi.

Ngingenzani uma ngiphuzile i-Dronabinol eningi ngengozi?

Uma ngengozi uphuza i-dronabinol eningi, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala uzolile futhi ufune usizo lwezokwelapha uma uzwa izimpawu ezikhathazayo. Ukweqisa ngokuvamile kubangela izinguqulo ezinamandla zemiphumela emibi ejwayelekile kunokuba kube nezinkinga ezisongela impilo.

Ungase uzwe isiyezi esikhulu, ukudideka, ukukhathazeka, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, noma ukucabanga okungelona iqiniso. Thola indawo ephephile yokuhlala noma yokulala, futhi ucele othile ahlale nawe uma kungenzeka. Ungazami ukuqhuba imoto noma usebenzise imishini.

Xhumana nodokotela wakho, isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi, noma izinsiza eziphuthumayo uma unezimpawu ezinzima noma ungaqiniseki ngokuphepha kwakho. Bangakunikeza isiqondiso futhi bakuqaphe kuze kube yilapho imiphumela iphela, okuthatha amahora ambalwa.

Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngeqa Umthamo We-Dronabinol?

Uma weqa umthamo we-dronabinol, yithathe ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula, ngaphandle uma sekuseduze isikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo. Kuleso simo, weqa umthamo owuqeqile bese uqhubeka nohlelo lwakho lokuthatha imithi olujwayelekile.

Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ulungise umthamo owuqeqile, ngoba lokhu kungandisa ingozi yakho yemiphumela emibi noma ukweqisa umthamo. Uma uvame ukukhohlwa imithamo, cabangela ukusetha izikhumbuzi ocingweni lwakho noma usebenzise umhleli wamaphilisi.

Uma uthatha i-dronabinol ngenxa yesicanucanu esihlobene ne-chemotherapy, ukweqa umthamo kungasho ukuthi uzwa isicanucanu esiningi kunokujwayelekile. Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uma unenkinga yokugcina uhlelo lwakho lokuthatha imithi noma uma ukweqa imithamo kuthinta izimpawu zakho kakhulu.

Ngingayeka Nini Ukuthatha I-Dronabinol?

Kufanele uyeke kuphela ukuthatha i-dronabinol ngaphansi kwesiqondiso sikadokotela wakho, ikakhulukazi uma ubulokhu uyithatha njalo amasonto amaningana noma izinyanga. Umzimba wakho ungenza ujwayele imithi, futhi ukuyeka kungazelelwe kungase kubangele izimpawu zokuhoxisa.

Udkt wakho ngokuvamile uzonciphisa umthamo wakho kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kunokuyeka konke ngesikhathi esisodwa. Lokhu kusiza ukunciphisa imiphumela yokuhoxisa engaba khona njengokucasuka, izinkinga zokulala, ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla, noma ukubuyela kwezimpawu zakho zokuqala.

Isikhathi sokuyeka sincike esimweni sakho sezokwelapha kanye nemigomo yokwelashwa. Ukuze uthole isicanucanu esihlobene ne-chemotherapy, ungasayeka lapho umjikelezo wakho wokwelashwa uphela, kuyilapho ukukhuthaza ukudla kungase kudingeke ukuhlolwa kwesikhathi eside ukuze kunqunywe isikhathi esingcono sokuyeka.

Ngingashayela Ngenkathi Ngithatha i-Dronabinol?

Akufanele ushayele noma usebenzise imishini ngenkathi uthatha i-dronabinol, ikakhulukazi uma uqala ukuthatha imithi noma lapho umthamo wakho ulungiswa. Umuthi ungabangela isiyezi, ukozela, ukudideka, nezikhathi zokuphendula ezihamba kancane ezenza ukushayela kube yingozi.

Noma ngabe uzizwa ulungile, i-dronabinol ingaphazamisa ukwahlulela kwakho nokuxhumana ngezindlela ongase ungaziqapheli. Imiphumela ingahlala amahora amaningi ngemuva kokuthatha umthamo wakho, ngakho-ke hlela ngokufanele futhi ulungiselele ezinye izindlela zokuthutha.

Abanye abantu bangase bakwazi ukushayela ngokuphepha uma sebeke bathatha umthamo ozinzile isikhashana futhi bazi ukuthi umuthi ubathinta kanjani, kodwa lesi sinqumo kufanele senziwe ngaso sonke isikhathi ngokubonisana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo futhi kusekelwe ekuphenduleni kwakho komuntu ngamunye emuthini.