Yini iLefamulin: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni Nokunye

ILefamulin iyisibulala-magciwane esisha esisetshenziswa odokotela ukwelapha izifo ezingamathambo ezingamathambo ezinzima uma usesibhedlela. Ingaphansi kwesigaba esikhethekile sezibulala-magciwane esibizwa ngokuthi ama-pleuromutilins, asebenza ngendlela ehlukile kunamanye ama-antibiotics owajwayele.

Lo muthi unikezwa ngqo emjondolo wakho nge-IV (intravenous) line. Ithimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lizokugada ngokucophelela ngenkathi uthola lokhu kwelashwa ukuze liqinisekise ukuthi lisebenza ngempumelelo nangokuphepha.

Yini iLefamulin Esetshenziselwa Yona?

ILefamulin yenzelwe ngqo ukwelapha i-community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP) kubantu abadala. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ilwa nezifo zamaphaphu okungenzeka ukuthi uzithole ngaphandle kwesibhedlela, kunokuba izifo ezithuthukiswa ngesikhathi sokuhlala esibhedlela.

Udokotela wakho angase akhethe i-lefamulin lapho amanye ama-antibiotics engasebenzi noma lapho amagciwane athile abangela umkhuhlane wakho wamaphaphu. Isebenza kahle ikakhulukazi ngamagciwane athile aqinile angamelana nezinye izindlela zokwelapha, okuhlanganisa ezinye izinhlobo ze-Streptococcus pneumoniae ne-Staphylococcus aureus.

Umuthi ugcinelwe izimo lapho udinga ukuhlala esibhedlela ukuze uthole ukwelashwa. Ithimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lizinquma ukuthi i-lefamulin iyisinqumo esifanele yini ngokusekelwe ekutheleleni kwakho okuthile nomlando wezokwelapha.

Isebenza Kanjani iLefamulin?

ILefamulin isebenza ngokuvimbela amagciwane ekwenzeni amaprotheni abawadingayo ukuze asinde futhi azale. Cabanga ngakho njengokuphazamisa imboni yokwenza amaprotheni amagciwane, okugcina kubangela ukuthi amagciwane ayingozi afe.

Lesi sibulala-magciwane sithathwa njengesiqinile ngokulinganisela futhi singaphansi kwesigaba esiyingqayizivele esisebenza ngendlela ehlukile kuma-penicillins noma amanye ama-antibiotics avamile. Ngenxa yokuthi inendlela ehlukile yokusebenza, ivame ukulwa namagciwane asemelana nezinye izindlela zokwelapha.

Imithi iqondise ama-ribosomes ngaphakathi kwamaseli e-bacterial, afana nemishini emincane eyakha amaprotheni. Uma i-lefamulin ivimba le mishini, amabhaktheriya awasebenzi kahle futhi amasosha akho omzimba angasusa kangcono ukutheleleka.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Lefamulin?

I-Lefamulin inikezwa kuphela ngomugqa we-IV endaweni yasesibhedlela, ngakho ngeke kudingeke ukhathazeke ngokuyithatha ekhaya. Umhlengikazi wakho uzoyinika ngqo emithanjeni yakho yegazi cishe imizuzu engama-60 (ihora elilodwa) njalo emahoreni ayi-12.

Akudingeki ukuthi ugweme ukudla noma iziphuzo ngenkathi uthola lo muthi. Eqinisweni, ukuhlala unamanzi kahle nokugcina ukudla okunomsoco kungasiza ukusekela ukululama kwakho ekuthelelekeni kwamaphaphu.

Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizokuqapha eduze ngesikhathi ngasinye sokufakwa. Bazohlola indawo yakho ye-IV njalo futhi baqaphele noma yiziphi izimpawu zokuphendula noma imiphumela emibi. Ukufakwa kancane kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umzimba wakho uyawubekezelela kahle umuthi.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Lefamulin?

Abantu abaningi bathola i-lefamulin cishe izinsuku ezi-5 kuya kweziyi-7, nakuba udokotela wakho ezoqoka isikhathi esiqondile esisekelwe ekutheni usabela kanjani ekwelashweni. Ezinye iziguli zingayidinga izinsuku eziyi-10 uma ukutheleleka kwazo kunenkani.

Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizobheka izimpawu zakho, umsebenzi wegazi, kanye nemisebe ye-X yesifuba ukuze libone ukuthi ukutheleleka kususa kahle kangakanani. Bazophinda bahlole izimpawu zokuthi umuthi uyasebenza, njengokuphefumula okungcono, ukwehla komkhuhlane, namazinga amandla angcono.

Noma ngabe uqala ukuzizwa ungcono ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, kubalulekile ukuqeda inkambo ephelele udokotela wakho ayalayo. Ukuyeka ama-antibiotics ngaphambi kwesikhathi kungavumela amabhaktheriya ukuthi abuye futhi abe ngamelana nokwelashwa.

Yini Imiphumela Emibi Ye-Lefamulin?

Njengayo yonke imithi, i-lefamulin ingabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba kungewona wonke umuntu oyitholayo. Imiphumela eminingi emibi iyaphathwa futhi ithimba lakho lezempilo lilungele ukukusiza nganoma yikuphi ukungakhululeki.

Nawa amanye amaphutha avamile ongase uwaqaphele ngenkathi wamukela i-lefamulin:

• Ukucasuka noma ukuzwa ukuthi isisu sakho asiphephile
• Ukuphuma isifo sohudo noma izitulo ezixekile
• Ukusabela endaweni ye-IV njengobubomvu, ukuvuvukala, noma ubuhlungu obuncane
• Ukucabuka kwekhanda
• Isiyezi noma ukuzwa ukukhathala
• Ushintsho ekuhlolweni komsebenzi wesibindi (udokotela wakho uzokuqapha lokhu)

Le miphumela evamile ngokuvamile imnene futhi ivame ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela umuthi. Abahlengikazi bakho bangahlinzeka ngezinyathelo zokunethezeka ukusiza ukuphatha noma yikuphi ukungakhululeki okuhlangenwe nakho.

Ngenkathi kungavamile, abanye abantu bangase bahlangabezane nemiphumela emibi kakhulu edinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha:

• Ukungezwani komzimba okukhulu ngokuqubuka, ukuvuvukala, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula
• Ushintsho olukhulu kumgqigqo wenhliziyo
• Ukuphuma isifo sohudo okukhulu okungase kubonise ukutheleleka kwesibili
• Ubuthakathaka obungavamile bemisipha noma ubuhlungu
• Izimpawu zezinkinga zesibindi njengokuphuzi kwesikhumba noma amehlo

Ithimba lakho lezempilo likuqapha ngokuqhubekayo, ngakho-ke lizobona ngokushesha futhi libhekane nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezikhathazayo. Unganqikazi ukutshela umhlengikazi wakho nganoma yiziphi izimpawu ezintsha noma eziqhubekayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zingase zibonakale zincane kangakanani.

Ubani Ongafanele Athole I-Lefamulin?

I-Lefamulin ayifanele wonke umuntu, futhi udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokuyibhala. Abantu abanezimo ezithile zenhliziyo noma labo abathatha imithi ethile bangase badinge ukwelashwa okuhlukile.

Udokotela wakho uzogwema ukubhala i-lefamulin uma unezimo ezithile noma izimo:

• Ukungezwani komzimba okwaziwayo ne-lefamulin noma ama-antibiotics afanayo
• Izifo ezithile zomgqigqo wenhliziyo (ukuqhubeka kwe-QT)
• Isifo sesibindi esibi kakhulu
• Ukukhulelwa noma ukuncelisa (ukuphepha akusungulwanga)
• Iminyaka engaphansi kwengu-18 (akufundelwanga ezinganeni)

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-lefamulin ingasebenzisana neminye imithi eminingi, ikakhulukazi leyo ethinta ukushaya kwenhliziyo noma ecutshungulwa yisibindi. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizobuyekeza yonke imithi yakho yamanje ukuze liqinisekise ukuthi i-lefamulin iphephile kuwe.

Uma unezinkinga zesibindi eziphakathi nendawo, udokotela wakho angase akwazi ukukuyala i-lefamulin kodwa uzokuqapha eduze futhi mhlawumbe alungise umthamo. Njalo yazisa ithimba lakho lezempilo ngayo yonke imithi, izithasiselo, kanye nemikhiqizo yezitshalo oyithathayo.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Lefamulin

I-Lefamulin itholakala ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo elithi Xenleta e-United States. Leli yigama eliyinhloko lomkhiqizo ozolibona kumarekhodi emithi esibhedlela kanye nemibhalo yomshuwalense.

Umuthi ukhiqizwa yi-Nabriva Therapeutics futhi musha emakethe, ngoba wavunywa yi-FDA ngonyaka ka-2019. Ngenxa yokuthi i-antibiotic entsha, izinguqulo ezivamile azikatholakali.

I-pharmacy yakho yesibhedlela cishe izobhekisela kuyo ngamagama ayo womabili ajwayelekile (lefamulin) negama lomkhiqizo (Xenleta) kumarekhodi akho ezokwelapha. Womabili la magama abhekisela emuthini ofanayo.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Lefamulin

Uma i-lefamulin ingakulungele, udokotela wakho unezinye izindlela eziningi eziphumelelayo zama-antibiotics atholakalayo ukwelapha umkhuhlane wamabhaktheriya. Ukukhetha kuncike ekuthelelekeni kwakho okuthile, umlando wezokwelapha, nokuthi uzithola kanjani kahle imithi ehlukene.

Ezinye izindlela ezivamile zokwelapha umkhuhlane wamabhaktheriya zihlanganisa:

• Ceftriaxone (i-antibiotic ye-cephalosporin)
• Azithromycin (i-antibiotic ye-macrolide)
• Levofloxacin (i-antibiotic ye-fluoroquinolone)
• Vancomycin (yezifo zamabhaktheriya ezingamelani)
• Linezolid (enye inketho yamabhaktheriya amelana)

Udokotela wakho uzokhetha enye indlela engcono kakhulu ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yamasiko ekhomba amabhaktheriya athile abangela ukutheleleka kwakho. Bazobuye bacabange ngomsebenzi wakho wezinso nesibindi, noma yikuphi ukungezwani komuthi, kanye neminye imithi oyithathayo.

Ngesinye isikhathi odokotela basebenzisa ukwelashwa okuhlanganisiwe, bekupha imithi emibili ehlukene yokubulala amagciwane ndawonye ukuqinisekisa ukuthi bamboza wonke amabhaktheriya angase abe khona. Le ndlela ivame ukusetshenziswa uma ugula kakhulu noma uma imbangela eqondile ye-pneumonia yakho ingacaci ngokushesha.

Ingabe i-Lefamulin ingcono kunezinye izibulala-magciwane?

I-Lefamulin akudingeki ukuthi

Kumele Ngenzeni Uma Ngithola Imiphumela Emibi Kakhulu?

Uma uthola imiphumela emibi kakhulu ngenkathi uthola i-lefamulin, tshela umhlengikazi wakho noma udokotela ngokushesha. Ngenxa yokuthi usesimweni somtholampilo, usizo lwezokwelapha luhlala lutholakala ukuze kusingathwe noma yiziphi izimpawu ezikhathazayo ngokushesha.

Ukuphendula okukhulu komzimba okungavamile kuyivelakancane kodwa kudinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Izimpawu zihlanganisa ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuvuvukala kobuso bakho noma umphimbo, noma ukuqubuka okusabalalele. Ithimba lakho lezempilo liqeqeshwe ukubona nokwelapha lezi zimphendulo ngokushesha.

Ngeminye imiphumela emibi kakhulu efana nobuhlungu besifuba, isiyezi esikhulu, noma izimpawu ezingavamile, umhlengikazi wakho uzokuhlola ngokushesha futhi axhumane nodokotela wakho uma kudingeka. Ungakhathazeki ngokuthi "ukuphazamisa" abasebenzi - bafuna ukwazi nganoma yiziphi izimpawu oziphilayo.

Ngingashintsha Ngisebenzise Ama-Antibiotics Omlomo Ngenkathi Ngithatha I-Lefamulin?

Njengamanje, i-lefamulin itholakala kuphela njengomuthi we-IV, ngakho-ke awukwazi ukushintshela ekuyithatheni ngomlomo. Kodwa-ke, udokotela wakho angase akushintshele ku-antibiotic ehlukile yomlomo uma isimo sakho sithuthuka ngokwanele ukuthi uphume esibhedlela.

Isinqumo sokushintshela kuma-antibiotics omlomo sincike ekutheni usabela kahle kangakanani ekwelashweni nokuthi uzinzile ngokwanele yini ukuthi ungahamba ekhaya. Udokotela wakho uzocabangela umkhuhlane wakho, ukuphefumula, nokuthuthuka okujwayelekile komtholampilo.

Uma ushintshela ku-antibiotic yomlomo, cishe kuzoba umuthi ohlukile ngokuphelele. Udokotela wakho uzokhetha okufanele ukuqhubeka nokwelashwa kwakho ekhaya.

Ngizokwazi Kanjani Ukuthi I-Lefamulin Iyasebenza?

Cishe uzoqala ukuqaphela ukuthuthuka ezimpawini zakho ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala zokwelashwa. Ukuphefumula kwakho kungase kube lula, umkhuhlane wakho kufanele uqale ukwehla, futhi cishe uzoqala ukuzizwa ungakhathali kangako futhi uzizwe sengathi ungumuntu wakho.

Iqembu lakho lezempilo lizolandela intuthuko yakho ngokuhlola njalo izimpawu zakho ezibalulekile, ukuhlolwa kwegazi, kanye nemisebe ye-X yesifuba. Bazokubuza nangemayelana nezimpawu zakho nokuthi uzizwa kanjani sekukonke.

Abantu abaningi babona ukuthuthuka okukhulu phakathi kwezinsuku ezi-3 kuya kwezi-5 ngemuva kokuqala i-lefamulin. Uma ungathuthuki njengoba bekulindelekile, udokotela wakho angase alungise uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa noma aphenye ezinye izimbangela ezingase zibe khona zezimpawu zakho.

Ngizodinga Ukunakekelwa Okulandelayo Ngemuva Kokwelashwa Nge-Lefamulin?

Yebo, cishe uzodinga ukunakekelwa okulandelayo ngemuva kokuqeda ukwelashwa kwakho nge-lefamulin. Lokhu kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukutheleleka kwakho kuqede ngokuphelele nokuthi uyalulama kahle emnene yakho.

Udokotela wakho ngokuvamile uzohlela ukuqokwa okulandelayo phakathi neviki elingu-1 kuya kweli-2 ngemuva kokuthi uphume esibhedlela. Bangase bayalele imisebe ye-X yesifuba ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amaphaphu akho ayelapheka kahle futhi bahlole umsebenzi wegazi lakho ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umsebenzi wesibindi sakho ubuyele kwesijwayelekile.

Abanye abantu bangase badinge ukulandelela okwengeziwe, ikakhulukazi uma babe nezinkinga noma bathatha isikhathi eside ukusabela ekwelashweni. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizohlinzeka ngemiyalelo ecacile mayelana nokuthi yini okufanele uyibheke ekhaya nokuthi nini okufanele ufune ukunakekelwa kwezempilo uma kudingeka.