Yini i-Methoxsalen: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Methoxsalen iyimithi kadokotela eyenza isikhumba sakho sizwele kakhulu emthunzini we-ultraviolet, isiza ukwelapha izimo ezithile zesikhumba njenge-psoriasis ne-vitiligo. Le ndlela eyingqayizivele isebenza ngokuhlanganisa imithi nokwelashwa okukhanyayo okulawulwayo ukusiza isikhumba sakho ukuthi silulame futhi sibuyisele umbala waso wemvelo noma sisuse izindawo ezinzima.

Ungase uzibuze ukuthi iphilisi lingasebenza kanjani nokukhanya ukwelapha izinkinga zesikhumba. Cabanga nge-methoxsalen njengomsizi olungiselela amaseli esikhumba sakho ukuthi aphendule kangcono kuma-wavelengths athile okukhanya kwe-UV, okudala ukwelashwa okuqondiwe okuye kwasiza abantu amashumi eminyaka.

Yini i-Methoxsalen?

I-Methoxsalen ingeyeqembu lemithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-psoralens, okuyizinhlanganisela ezenzeka ngokwemvelo ezandisa ukuzwela kwesikhumba sakho emthunzini we-ultraviolet A (UVA). Uma uthatha le mithi ngomlomo, ihamba ngegazi lakho futhi igxile kumaseli esikhumba sakho, iwenza ukuthi aphendule kakhulu ekwelashweni okukhanyayo.

Le mithi isetshenziswa njalo njengengxenye yokwelashwa okubizwa ngokuthi i-PUVA therapy, okusho ukuthi i-Psoralen kanye nokukhanya kwe-UVA. Udokotela wakho uzohlela ngokucophelela isikhathi semithi yakho nokwelashwa okukhanyayo okukhethekile ukuze kuzuzwe imiphumela engcono kakhulu ngenkathi ekugcina uphephile.

Isetshenziselwani i-Methoxsalen?

I-Methoxsalen iphatha izimo eziningana zesikhumba eziyinselele ezingazange ziphendule kahle kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha. Ukusetshenziswa okuvamile kakhulu yi-psoriasis enzima, lapho isiza ukunciphisa ukukhula okusheshayo kwamaseli esikhumba okudala izindawo eziqine, ezinama-scaly.

Ngaphandle kwe-psoriasis, le mithi ingasiza nge-vitiligo, isimo lapho izindawo zesikhumba zilahlekelwa umbala wazo wemvelo. Nazi izimo eziyinhloko i-methoxsalen engazisingatha:

• I-psoriasis eqinile emboza izindawo ezinkulu zomzimba wakho
• I-Vitiligo, ikakhulukazi uma ithinta izindawo ezibonakalayo njengezandla nobuso
• I-Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, uhlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba
• I-Mycosis fungoides, olunye uhlobo lwe-lymphoma oluthinta isikhumba

Udkt wakho ngokuvamile uzoncoma i-methoxsalen lapho ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingasebenzi kahle ngokwanele noma lapho isimo sakho sibi ngokwanele ukuthi kufaneleka le ndlela eqinile.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Methoxsalen?

I-Methoxsalen isebenza ngokwenza amangqamuzana esikhumba sakho azwele kakhulu ekukhanyeni kwe-UVA, okuthi ngemva kwalokho kuqale izinguquko eziwusizo endleleni amangqamuzana akho akhula futhi asebenza ngayo. Uma ihlanganiswe nokuchayeka ekukhanyeni okulawulwayo, kunganciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana esikhumba asebenzayo ngokweqile noma kusize ukubuyisela umbala ojwayelekile.

Lokhu kuthathwa njengokwelashwa okuqinile okulinganiselwe okudinga ukugadwa kwezokwelapha ngokucophelela. Umuthi ngokuyisisekelo usebenza njenge-photosensitizer, okusho ukuthi wenza isikhumba sakho siphendule ngokuqinile ekukhanyeni kunokujwayelekile. Lokhu kusabela okulawulwayo yikho okusiza ukwelapha isimo sesikhumba sakho, kodwa futhi kusho ukuthi udinga ukuqapha ngokwengeziwe ngokuchayeka elangeni.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Methoxsalen?

Thatha i-methoxsalen ngendlela udkt wakho ayala ngayo, ngokuvamile amahora angu-1.5 kuya kwangu-2 ngaphambi kokwelashwa kwakho okuhleliwe kwe-UVA. Isikhathi sibalulekile ngoba umuthi udinga isikhathi sokujikeleza emzimbeni wakho futhi ufinyelele emangqamuzaneni esikhumba sakho ngaphambi kokuthi kuqale ukwelashwa ngokukhanya.

Njalo thatha lo muthi nokudla noma ubisi ukusiza ukunciphisa isisu esicasulayo futhi uthuthukise ukumuncwa. Ukudla okulula noma ukudla okulula kusebenza kahle, kodwa gwema ukudla okunzima, okunamafutha okungase kuphazamise indlela umzimba wakho osebenza ngayo umuthi.

Nakhu okufanele ukwazi ngokuthatha i-methoxsalen ngendlela efanele:

• Gwinya amaphilisi wonke ngamanzi amaningi
• Ungawachobozi, uwahlafune, noma uwavule amaphilisi
• Yithathe ngesikhathi esifanayo ngaphambi kokwelashwa ngakunye kokukhanya
• Yidla okuthile okulula cishe imizuzu engama-30 ngaphambi kokuthatha umuthi
• Gwema ijusi le-grapefruit, elingathinta indlela umzimba wakho osebenza ngayo umuthi

Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imiyalelo ethile mayelana nesikhathi, futhi kubalulekile ukuyilandela ngqo kokubili ukuphepha nokusebenza kahle.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Methoxsalen?

Ubude bokwelashwa nge-methoxsalen buhluka kakhulu kuye ngesimo sakho esithile nokuthi usabela kanjani emithini. Abantu abaningi badinga ukwelashwa izikhathi ezi-2-3 ngesonto amasonto amaningana noma izinyanga ukuze babone ukuthuthuka okukhulu.

Ngokuqanjwa, ungase udinge ukwelashwa okungu-15-25 ngaphambi kokuba isikhumba sakho sicace kakhulu. Ukwelashwa kwe-Vitiligo kuvame ukuthatha isikhathi eside, ngezinye izikhathi izinyanga ezi-6-12 noma ngaphezulu, ngoba ukubuyiselwa kombala kwenzeka kancane kancane. Udokotela wakho uzoqapha intuthuko yakho ngokucophelela futhi alungise uhlelo lokwelashwa njengoba kudingeka.

Lapho isimo sakho sithuthuka, ungase udinge ukwelashwa ngezikhathi ezithile zokugcina isikhumba sakho siphilile. Abanye abantu bangayeka ukwelashwa ngokuphelele, kanti abanye bayazuza emaseshini ngezikhathi ezithile ukuvimbela ukuqubuka.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni Ye-Methoxsalen?

Njengayo yonke imithi, i-methoxsalen ingabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba kungewona wonke umuntu oyitholayo. Imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ngokuvamile imnene futhi ilawuleka ngokunakekelwa okufanele nokuqapha.

Nansi imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ongase uyithole:

• Isicanucanu noma isisu esicasukile, ikakhulukazi uma ithathwa ngaphandle kokudla
• Ukuzwela okwandisiwe elangeni amahora angu-24-48 ngemva kokwelashwa
• Ukusha okuncane noma umuzwa wokuluma ngesikhathi sokwelashwa ngokukhanya
• Ubumnyama besikhashana bezindawo zesikhumba eziphathwayo
• Isiyezi noma ikhanda elibuhlungu kwabanye abantu

Lezi zinto ezilandelayo zivamise ukuthuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela ukwelashwa, futhi ithimba lakho lezempilo lingakusiza ukuthi uzilawule ngempumelelo.

Imiphumela emibi kakhulu ayivamile kodwa idinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha. Xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nalokhu:

• Ukuvuvukala okukhulu noma ukuqhekeka kwesikhumba sakho
• Izimpawu zokusha kwelanga okukhulu ngisho nokuchayeka elangeni okuncane
• Isicanucanu esiqhubekayo noma ukuhlanza
• Ushintsho olungavamile esikhumbeni noma ukukhula
• Izinkinga zamehlo njengokuzwela okukhulu ekukhanyeni noma izinguquko embonweni

Udokotela wakho uzokugada ngokucophelela ngesikhathi sokwelashwa ukuze abambe noma yiziphi izinkinga zisasekuqaleni futhi alungise ukwelashwa kwakho uma kudingeka.

Ubani Ongafanele Athathe I-Methoxsalen?

I-Methoxsalen ayiphephile kuwo wonke umuntu, futhi udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokuyibhala. Ezinye izimo zenza lokhu kwelashwa kube yingozi kakhulu, kanti ezinye zidinga ukuqapha okwengeziwe.

Akufanele uthathe i-methoxsalen uma une:

• Umlando womdlavuza wesikhumba, ikakhulukazi i-melanoma
• Isifo sesibindi esibi noma izinkinga zezinso
• Ama-cataracts noma ezinye izimo zamehlo ezingathi sína
• I-Lupus noma ezinye izimo ze-autoimmune eziqhubeka ngokuvezwa yilanga
• I-Albinism noma ezinye izimo ezenza uzwele kakhulu ekukhanyeni

Udokotela wakho uzosebenzisa ukuqapha okwengeziwe uma ukhulelwe, uncelisa, noma unomlando womndeni womdlavuza wesikhumba. Ubudala bungaba yisici futhi, njengoba abadala bengase bazwele kakhulu emithini kanye nokwelashwa ngokukhanya.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Methoxsalen

I-Methoxsalen itholakala ngaphansi kwamagama amaningi omkhiqizo, i-Oxsoralen-Ultra iyona evame ukubhalwa ngomlomo e-United States. Lo mkhiqizo uqukethe i-methoxsalen ku-capsule ye-gelatin ethambile eyenzelwe ukumuncwa okungcono.

Amanye amagama emikhiqizo afaka i-Oxsoralen (amaphilisi aqinile) kanye ne-8-MOP, nakuba lokhu kungase kungatholakali kakhulu. Ikhemisi lakho lingase futhi libe nezinhlobo ezivamile ze-methoxsalen, ezisebenza ngempumelelo njengezinhlobo ezinamagama.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Methoxsalen

Uma i-methoxsalen ingakulungele, ukwelashwa okuhlukahlukene okuhlukile kungasiza ekuphatheni i-psoriasis, i-vitiligo, nezinye izimo zesikhumba. Udokotela wakho angase ancome ukwelashwa okusebenzayo, ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ngemisebe, noma imithi emisha kuye ngesimo sakho esithile.

Nge-psoriasis, ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zifaka ama-corticosteroids asebenzayo, ama-analogs kavithamini D, noma imithi emisha ye-biologic eqondise izingxenye ezithile zesimiso sakho somzimba sokuzivikela. Ukwelashwa ngemisebe ye-Narrowband UVB kungenye inketho engadingi imithi nhlobo.

Ezinye izindlela ze-Vitiligo zifaka ama-immunomodulators asebenzayo, ama-corticosteroid creams, noma ukwelashwa okusha njengama-JAK inhibitors. Abanye abantu futhi bayazuza ekutateni izimonyo noma izimonyo zokufihla izindawo ezithintekile ngenkathi beqhubeka nokwelashwa okuhlukile.

Ingabe i-Methoxsalen Ingcono Kunezinye Izindlela Zokwelapha i-Psoriasis?

I-Methoxsalen enokwelashwa kwe-PUVA isebenza kahle kakhulu nge-psoriasis enzima, ngokuvamile isusa ama-75-90% ezilonda zesikhumba lapho ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingasebenzi. Kodwa-ke,

Umbuzo 1. Ingabe i-Methoxsalen iphephile kubantu abanezifo zenhliziyo?

I-Methoxsalen ingasetshenziswa ngokuphepha kubantu abanezifo zenhliziyo, kodwa udokotela wakho uzodinga ukukuqapha eduze. Umuthi ngokwawo awuyithinti ngokuqondile inhliziyo yakho, kodwa ukucindezeleka kokwelashwa kanye nokwenzeka kokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni okuvela ekwelashweni ngokukhanya kudinga ukuphathwa ngokucophelela.

Udokotela wakho wenhliziyo kanye nodokotela wesikhumba kufanele bahlele ukunakekelwa kwakho ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi yonke imithi yakho isebenza kahle ndawonye. Qiniseka ukuthi utshela bobabili odokotela ngayo yonke imithi yakho yenhliziyo, njengoba eminye ingakhuphula ukuzwela elangeni.

Umbuzo 2. Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngiphuzile i-Methoxsalen eningi ngengozi?

Uma ngengozi uphuza i-methoxsalen eningi kunaleyo ebekiwe, xhumana nodokotela wakho noma isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi ngokushesha, ngisho noma uzizwa kahle. Ukuphuza okuningi kungakwenza uzwele kakhulu ekukhanyeni futhi kukhulise ingozi yakho yokusha okukhulu.

Gwema konke ukukhanya kwelanga nezibani eziqhakazile zangaphakathi kuze kube yilapho uthola iseluleko sezokwelapha. Ungazami ukuzenza uhlanze ngaphandle uma utshelwe ngqo ukuthi wenze kanjalo ngumhlinzeki wezempilo.

Umbuzo 3. Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo we-Methoxsalen?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo we-methoxsalen, ungaqali ukuwuthatha sekwephuzile noma uzame ukuwulungisa. Njengoba lo muthi uhlelelwe ama-aphoyintimenti akho okwelashwa ngokukhanya, ukuphuthelwa umthamo kusho ukuthi uzodinga ukuhlela kabusha iseshini yakho yokwelashwa.

Xhumana nehhovisi likadokotela wakho ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze uhlele kabusha kokubili umuthi nokwelashwa ngokukhanya. Ungalokothi uthathe umthamo ophindwe kabili ukuze ubambe, ngoba lokhu kungaba yingozi.

Umbuzo 4. Ngingayeka nini ukuphuza i-Methoxsalen?

Ungayeka ukuphuza i-methoxsalen lapho udokotela wakho enquma ukuthi izinhloso zakho zokwelashwa zifeziwe futhi isimo sesikhumba sakho silawulwa kahle. Lesi sinqumo kufanele senziwe ngaso sonke isikhathi kanye nethimba lakho lezempilo kunokuba uwedwa.

Kubantu abaningi, ukwelashwa kuqhubeka kuze kube yilapho izilonda zesikhumba zicaca kakhulu noma ukuphinda umbala kufinyelela ezingeni elanelisayo. Udokotela wakho uzobe esexoxa ukuthi ngabe udinga ukwelashwa kokugcina noma ngabe ungasayeka ngokuphelele.

Q5. Ngingasebenzisa yini i-Sunscreen ngenkathi ngithatha i-Methoxsalen?

Kufanele usebenzise i-sunscreen njalo ngenkathi uthatha i-methoxsalen, kodwa isikhathi sibalulekile. Ezinsukwini zokwelashwa, ungafaki i-sunscreen ezindaweni ezelashwayo kuze kube ngemva kweseshini yakho yokwelapha ngokukhanya, njengoba kungaphazamisa ukwelashwa.

Ngakho konke okunye uketshezi lomzimba wakho nasezinsukwini ezingezona zokwelashwa, sebenzisa i-sunscreen ebanzi eno-SPF okungenani ongu-30. Isikhumba sakho sizoba sensitive kakhulu ekulimaleni kwelanga amahora angu-24-48 ngemva kokwelashwa ngakunye, ngakho-ke ukuvikelwa elangeni kubalulekile ekuvikeleni ukusha nokulimala kwesikhumba isikhathi eside.