Yini i-Methoxsalen (Topical): Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Methoxsalen iyikhambi elenza isikhumba sizwe ukukhanya olisebenzisa ngqo esikhumbeni sakho ukwelapha izimo ezithile zesikhumba njenge-vitiligo ne-psoriasis. Uma ihlanganiswe nokuchayeka ekukhanyeni kwe-ultraviolet okulawulwayo, lokhu kwelashwa okusebenzayo kungasiza ukubuyisela umbala ezindaweni ezimhlophe zesikhumba noma kunciphise izindawo eziqinile, ezinama-scaly ezibangelwa yi-psoriasis.

Lo muthi usebenza ngokwenza isikhumba sakho sizwe kakhulu kuma-wavelengths athile okukhanya, okuthi ngemva kwalokho kuqale izinqubo zokuphulukisa ezindaweni ezithintekile. Ngenkathi kungase kuzwakale kuyinkimbinkimbi, i-methoxsalen isisize abantu ukuthi baphathe izimo zesikhumba eziyinselele amashumi eminyaka uma isetshenziswa ngaphansi kokuqondiswa okufanele kwezokwelapha.

Yini i-Methoxsalen?

I-Methoxsalen iyinhlanganisela eyenzeka ngokwemvelo ebizwa ngokuthi i-psoralen evela ezitshalweni ezithile. Ingowesigaba semithi eyaziwa ngokuthi ama-ejenti e-photosensitizing, okusho ukuthi yenza isikhumba sakho siphendule ngokuqinile ekukhanyeni kwe-ultraviolet.

Ifomu elisebenzayo liza njenge-lotion noma isixazululo osisebenzisa ngqo ezindaweni ezithintekile zesikhumba sakho. Ngokungafani nemithi yomlomo ethinta umzimba wakho wonke, le nguqulo esebenzayo iqondisa kuphela izindawo ezithile lapho uyisebenzisa khona, okungasiza ekunciphiseni imiphumela emibi.

Udkt wakho ngokuvamile uzokunika lo muthi njengengxenye yokwelashwa okubizwa nge-PUVA therapy, ehlanganisa umuthi (P) nokuchayeka ekukhanyeni kwe-ultraviolet A (UVA) endaweni yezokwelapha elawulwayo.

Isetshenziselwani i-Methoxsalen?

I-Methoxsalen topical isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ukwelapha i-vitiligo, isimo lapho izindawo zesikhumba zilahlekelwa umbala wazo wemvelo futhi zibonakale zimhlophe noma zikhanya kakhulu kunesikhumba esizungezile. Kungasiza futhi ukuphatha izinhlobo ezithile ze-psoriasis, ikakhulukazi lapho ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingazange zinikeze ukukhululeka okwanele.

Nge-vitiligo, umuthi usebenza ngokusiza ukukhuthaza amaseli akhiqiza i-melanin (umbala wemvelo wesikhumba sakho) ezindaweni ezithintekile. Le nqubo ingasiza kancane kancane ukubuyisela umbala ezindaweni ezimhlophe, nakuba imiphumela ihluka kumuntu nomuntu futhi kuthatha isikhathi ukuthi ithuthuke.

Ekwelashweni kwe-psoriasis, i-methoxsalen isiza ukunciphisa ukukhula okusheshayo kwamaseli esikhumba okudala izindawo eziqine, ezinama-scaly. Inhlanganisela yomuthi nokuchayeka ekukhanyeni okulawulwayo kungasiza ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala futhi kuthuthukise ukubukeka kwesikhumba esithintekile.

Ezinye izinyanga zingase futhi zibhale i-methoxsalen kwezinye izimo zesikhumba ezizwela ekukhanyeni, kodwa lezi zindlela zokusebenzisa azivamile futhi zidinga ukuhlolwa ngokucophelela kwezinzuzo uma ziqhathaniswa nezingozi.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Methoxsalen?

I-Methoxsalen isebenza ngokwenza amaseli esikhumba sakho azwela kakhulu ekukhanyeni kwe-ultraviolet A (UVA). Uma usebenzisa umuthi bese uveza indawo ephathwayo ekukhanyeni kwe-UVA, kuqala ukusabela okuthile ngaphakathi kwamaseli esikhumba sakho okungakhuthaza ukuphulukiswa.

Nge-vitiligo, le nqubo isiza ukwenza kusebenze ama-melanocyte alala (amaseli akhiqiza umbala) angase abe khona ezindaweni ezimhlophe. Ukwenza kusebenze ukukhanya kungakhuthaza la maseli ukuthi aqale ukukhiqiza i-melanin futhi, kancane kancane ibuyisele umbala ezindaweni ezithintekile.

Ekwelashweni kwe-psoriasis, inhlanganisela yomuthi nokukhanya isiza ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwamaseli esikhumba okusebenza ngokweqile okubangela izindawo eziqine, ezinama-scaly. Futhi kunciphisa ukuvuvukala ezindaweni ezithintekile, okunganikeza impumuzo ekulunyeni nokungakhululeki.

Lokhu kuthathwa njengokwelashwa okunamandla aphakathi nendawo okudinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela. Imiphumela ayisheshayo futhi ngokuvamile ithuthuka kancane kancane emasontweni amaningana kuya ezinyangeni zokwelashwa okuqhubekayo.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Methoxsalen?

Kufanele usebenzise i-methoxsalen ngendlela eqondile udokotela wakho ayalela ngayo, ngokuvamile ihora elingu-1-2 ngaphambi komhlangano wakho wokwelapha ngokukhanya okuhleliwe. Isikhathi sibalulekile ngoba imithi idinga isikhathi sokungena esikhumbeni sakho ngaphambi kokuchayeka ekukhanyeni.

Hlanza indawo ethintekile ngobumnene ngensipho namanzi ngaphambi kokusebenzisa imithi. Faka ungqimba oluncane, olulinganayo kuphela ezindaweni udokotela wakho azihlonzile, ugweme isikhumba esinempilo ngangokunokwenzeka. Geza izandla zakho kahle ngemva kokusebenzisa ngaphandle uma welapha izandla zakho.

Ngemuva kwalokho uzodinga ukuvakashela ihhovisi likadokotela wakho noma isikhungo sokwelapha esikhethekile ukuze uthole ukuchayeka kokukhanya kwe-UVA okulawulwayo. Ukwelashwa ngokukhanya kuvame ukuthatha imizuzu embalwa nje, kodwa isikhathi esiqondile sincike ohlotsheni lwesikhumba sakho nokuthi usabela kanjani ekwelashweni.

Ungalokothi uveze izindawo eziphathwayo elangeni noma eminye imithombo ye-UV ngaphandle kwemihlangano yakho yokwelashwa eqondisiwe. Le mithi yenza isikhumba sakho sizwele kakhulu ekukhanyeni, futhi ukuchayeka okungalawulwa kungabangela ukusha okukhulu.

Abantu abaningi abadingi ukuthatha le mithi nokudla ngoba isetshenziswa ngaphandle, kodwa landela noma yimiphi imiyalelo ethile udokotela wakho ayinikezayo mayelana nesikhathi nokulungiselela.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Methoxsalen?

Ubude bokwelashwa nge-methoxsalen buhlukahluka kakhulu kuye ngesimo sakho nokuthi usabela kahle kangakanani ekwelapheni. Abantu abaningi badinga ukwelashwa izikhathi ezi-2-3 ngesonto izinyanga eziningana ukuze babone imiphumela ebalulekile.

Nge-vitiligo, ungase udinge ukuqhubeka nokwelashwa izinyanga eziyi-6-12 noma ngaphezulu ukuze uzuze ukubuyiselwa kombala okungcono kakhulu. Abanye abantu babona ukuthuthuka kokuqala phakathi kwamasonto ayi-6-8, kanti abanye bangase badinge izinyanga eziningana ngaphambi kokubona izinguquko.

Izikhathi zokwelashwa kwe-psoriasis zingaba mfushane, nabantu abaningi bebona ukuthuthuka phakathi kwamasonto ayi-4-8. Kodwa-ke, ukwelashwa kokulondoloza kungase kudingeke ukuvimbela izimpawu ukuthi zingabuyi.

Udokotela wakho uzohlola njalo inqubekela phambili yakho futhi alungise uhlelo lokwelapha njengoba kudingeka. Bazophinde baqaphele noma yimaphi imiphumela emibi futhi banqume ukuthi kufanele nini ukunciphisa imvamisa yokwelashwa noma ukuyeka ngokuphelele.

Ungalokothi uyeke ukwelashwa kungazelelwe ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho, ngoba lokhu kungathinta imiphumela yakho noma kubangele isimo sakho sibe sibi.

Yini Imiphumela Emibi ye-Methoxsalen?

Njengayo yonke imithi, i-methoxsalen ingabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba abantu abaningi beyibekezelela kahle uma isetshenziswa ngendlela efanele. Imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ihlobene nokwanda kokuzwela ekukhanyeni kanye nokusabela kwesikhumba endaweni yokwelashwa.

Nansi imiphumela emibi ongase ube nayo ngesikhathi sokwelashwa:

• Ububomvu nokusha okuncane endaweni yokufaka
• Ukuzwela okukhulu elangeni amahora angu-24-48 ngemva kokwelashwa
• Isikhumba esomile noma esixebukayo ezindaweni eziphathwayo
• Ubumnyama besikhashana besikhumba ezindaweni eziphathwayo
• Ukuluma okuncane noma ukugwaza ngesikhathi noma ngemva kokuchayeka ekukhanyeni

Lezi zindlela ezivamile zivame ukuthuthuka njengoba isikhumba sakho sizivumela ekwelashweni futhi ngokuvamile kulawuleka ngokunakekelwa okufanele nokuvikelwa elangeni.

Imiphumela emibi engathi sína ayivamile kodwa idinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nokusha okukhulu, ukuvela kwamabhamuza, noma izimpawu zokutheleleka ezindaweni eziphathwayo.

Ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kwe-methoxsalen ngemithi yokukhanya kungase kwandise ingozi yakho yomdlavuza wesikhumba, ikakhulukazi uma unesikhumba esilula noma umlando wokuchayeka elangeni ngokweqile. Udokotela wakho uzohlola ngokucophelela lezi zingozi ngokumelene nezinzuzo zokwelashwa esimweni sakho esithile.

Abanye abantu bangase futhi babe nokusabela komzimba ku-methoxsalen, okuhlanganisa ukuqubuka okukhulu, ukuvuvukala, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula. Lezi zindlela ezingavamile kodwa zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha eziphuthumayo.

Ubani Ongafanele Athathwe I-Methoxsalen?

I-Methoxsalen ayifanele wonke umuntu, futhi udokotela wakho uzohlola ngokucophelela ukuthi iphephile yini kuwe ngaphambi kokuyinika. Izimo ezithile zempilo nemithi kungenza lokhu kwelashwa kube yingozi kakhulu.

Akufanele usebenzise i-methoxsalen uma une-lupus, i-porphyria, noma ezinye izimo ezithile ezenza uzwe ukuzwela okukhulu emthunzini. Abantu abanomlando womdlavuza wesikhumba noma labo abathatha imithi eyandisa ukuzwela emthunzini kungenzeka badinge nokugwema lokhu kwelashwa.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe nabancelisayo akufanele basebenzise i-methoxsalen, njengoba ingalimaza ingane esakhula. Uma uhlela ukukhulelwa noma uncelisa, xoxa ngezinketho zokwelashwa ezingezinye nodokotela wakho.

Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-12 ngokuvamile akufanele zisebenzise le mithi, njengoba isikhumba sazo sizwela kakhulu futhi imiphumela yesikhathi eside ayifundisiswanga kahle ezigulini ezincane.

Abantu abanezimo ezithile zamehlo noma labo abathatha imithi ethile ethinta ukuzwela emthunzini bangase badinge izinyathelo zokuphepha ezikhethekile noma ukwelashwa okungafani.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Methoxsalen

I-Methoxsalen topical itholakala ngaphansi kwamagama amaningi omkhiqizo, i-Oxsoralen ingelinye elinye elivame ukunqunywa. Ikhemisi lakho lingase libe nezinhlobo ezivamile zomuthi, oqukethe isithako esifanayo esisebenzayo.

Amanye amagama omkhiqizo afaka i-Uvadex yokwelashwa okuthile okukhethekile, nakuba lokhu kungavamile ukusetshenziselwa ukwelashwa okujwayelekile kwe-vitiligo noma i-psoriasis. Umkhiqizo othile odokotela bakho abawunqumayo ungase uncike ekugxilweni okudingekayo kanye nomshwalense wakho.

I-Methoxsalen ejwayelekile ivame ukuba ngentengo ephansi futhi isebenza ngempumelelo njengezinhlobo zomkhiqizo. Udokotela wakho noma usokhemisi angakusiza ukuthi uqonde umehluko phakathi kwezinketho ezitholakalayo futhi ukhethe okufanele kakhulu isimo sakho.

Njalo sebenzisa uhlobo oluqondile namandla anqunywe udokotela wakho, njengoba amafomula ahlukene angase abe nokugxilisa okuhlukahlukene noma izithako ezingasebenzi ezingase zithinte imiphumela yakho yokwelashwa.

Ezinye Izindlela Zokwelapha ze-Methoxsalen

Uma i-methoxsalen ingakulungele noma inganikezi imiphumela eyanele, kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha ezitholakalayo ze-vitiligo ne-psoriasis. Enye indlela engcono kakhulu incike esimweni sakho esithile, uhlobo lwesikhumba, kanye nemigomo yokwelashwa.

Nge-vitiligo, ama-corticosteroids asekhanda afana ne-clobetasol noma i-betamethasone angasiza ukubuyisela umbala kwabanye abantu, ikakhulukazi uma esetshenziswa ekuqaleni kokuthuthukiswa kwalesi simo. Ama-calcineurin inhibitors afana ne-tacrolimus anikeza enye inketho enezinkinga ezimbalwa ezingemihle zesikhathi eside.

Ukukhanya kwe-Narrowband UV-B kunikeza enye indlela yokwelashwa kwe-PUVA engadingi imithi. Lokhu kwelashwa kungasebenza kokubili i-vitiligo ne-psoriasis ngenkathi kugwema ezinye izingozi ezihambisana ne-methoxsalen.

Ngokuqondile nge-psoriasis, ukwelashwa okusekhanda okufana nama-analogs e-vitamin D, ama-retinoids, noma amalungiselelo e-coal tar angase anikeze ukukhululeka. Imithi emisha ye-biologic nayo ingasebenza kakhulu nge-psoriasis emaphakathi nendawo.

Udokotela wakho wesikhumba angakusiza ukuthi uhlole lezi zinketho futhi unqume ukuthi iyiphi indlela engasebenza kangcono esimweni sakho ngasinye nezidingo zokuphila.

Ingabe i-Methoxsalen Ingcono Kune-Narrowband UV-B?

Kokubili i-methoxsalen ene-UVA (PUVA) kanye ne-narrowband UV-B therapy kungasebenza ekwelapheni i-vitiligo ne-psoriasis, kodwa ngamunye unamathuba ahlukile kanye nokubi. Ukukhetha okungcono kuncike esimweni sakho esithile, uhlobo lwesikhumba, kanye nezimo zakho siqu.

I-PUVA therapy ene-methoxsalen ingasebenza kahle ezinhlotsheni ezithile ze-vitiligo, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinjengezandla nezinyawo lapho i-narrowband UV-B ingase ingaphumeleli khona. Ingase futhi ingene ekujuleni esikhumbeni, okungase kusize ezimweni ezinzima.

Noma kunjalo, ukwelashwa nge-narrowband UV-B akudingi imithi, okususa ingozi yemiphumela emibi ehlobene nemithi kanye nesidingo sokugwema ilanga ngemva kokwelashwa. Ngokuvamile kubhekwa njengokuphephile ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside futhi kungase kube lula kubantu abaningi.

I-Narrowband UV-B nayo ivame ukuba nemiphumela emibi embalwa iyonke futhi ingase ibe yindlela engcono uma unesikhumba esibucayi noma ukukhathazeka ngemiphumela yesikhathi eside ye-methoxsalen. Ivamise ukutholakala kalula emahhovisi e-dermatology.

Udermatologist wakho uzocabangela izinto ezinjengobubanzi besimo sakho, uhlobo lwesikhumba sakho, kanye nomlando wakho wokwelashwa ukuze akuncomele inketho efanelekayo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Methoxsalen

Ingabe i-Methoxsalen iphephile ku-Diabetes?

I-Methoxsalen ngokuvamile ingasetshenziswa ngokuphepha ngabantu abanesifo sikashukela, kodwa kudingeka ukuqapha okwengeziwe ngenxa yezinkinga ezingaba khona. Isifo sikashukela singathinta ukuphola kwamanxeba nokujikeleza kwegazi, okungase kwandise ingozi yezinkinga zesikhumba uma kwenzeka ukusha noma ukulimala ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.

Udokotela wakho uzodinga ukuqapha isikhumba sakho ngokusondelene ngesikhathi sokwelashwa futhi angase alungise izikhathi zokuchayeka ekukhanyeni ukuze anciphise ingozi yokusha. Ukulawulwa okuhle kukashukela wegazi kubaluleke kakhulu ngesikhathi sokwelashwa nge-methoxsalen, njengoba amazinga aphezulu e-glucose engase aphazamise ukuphola.

Uma une-diabetic neuropathy (ukulimala kwemizwa), ungase ungazizwa ubuhlungu noma ukusha kalula, okungaholela ekulimaleni kwesikhumba okukhulu ngaphambi kokuba ukubone. Tshela udokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi izinkinga ezihlobene nesifo sikashukela onazo.

Ngingenzani Uma Ngisebenzisa I-Methoxsalen Eningi Ngengozi?

Uma usebenzisa i-methoxsalen eningi kunaleyo ebekiwe, geza okweqile ngokushesha ngensipho namanzi. Ungazami ukuyisusa ngokukhuhla ngamandla, ngoba lokhu kungase kuphathe isikhumba sakho ngokuqhubekayo.

Xhumana nodokotela wakho noma isikhungo sokwelapha ngokushesha ukuze ubazise nge-overdose. Kungase kudingeke ukuthi balungise iseshini yakho yokwelapha ngokukhanya noma bayihlehlise ngokuphelele ukuze bavimbele ukusha okukhulu.

Gwema konke ukuchayeka elangeni nezibani eziqhakazile kuze kube yilapho uthola isiqondiso kumhlinzeki wakho wezempilo. Umuthi owedlulele ungenza isikhumba sakho sizwele kakhulu ekukhanyeni isikhathi eside kunokujwayelekile.

Uma uhlangabezana nokusha okukhulu, ukuvela kwamabhule, noma izimpawu zokusabela komzimba, funa ukunakekelwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo ngokushesha.

Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngingaphuthelwa Umthamo We-Methoxsalen?

Uma uphuthelwa ukusebenzisa i-methoxsalen ngaphambi kweseshini yokwelapha ngokukhanya ehleliwe, ungazami ukubamba ngokuyisebenzisa sekwephuzile. Isikhathi phakathi kokusetshenziswa nokuchayeka ekukhanyeni sibalulekile kokubili ukuphepha nokusebenza kahle.

Xhumana nehhovisi likadokotela wakho noma isikhungo sokwelapha ukuze uhlehlise iseshini yakho. Bangakunikeza iseluleko ngesikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuqokwa kwakho okulandelayo nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini ukulungiswa eshedyulini yakho yokwelapha okudingekayo.

Ungalokothi usebenzise i-methoxsalen bese uziveza elangeni noma kweminye imithombo ye-UV engalawulwa ukuze ubuyisele iseshini ephuthelwe. Lokhu kungabangela ukusha okukhulu noma ezinye izinkinga.

Gcina umkhondo weshedyuli yakho yokwelapha bese usetha izikhumbuzi zokusiza ukugwema ukuphuthelwa imithamo yesikhathi esizayo. Ukuqina kubalulekile ekutholeni imiphumela engcono kakhulu ekuphatheni kwakho.

Ngingayeka Nini Ukuthatha I-Methoxsalen?

Kufanele uyeke kuphela ukwelashwa nge-methoxsalen ngaphansi kwesiqondiso sikadokotela wakho, njengoba ukuyeka ngaphambi kwesikhathi kungakuvimbela ekutholeni imiphumela engcono kakhulu. Abantu abaningi badinga izinyanga eziningana zokwelashwa okuqhubekayo ukuze babone ukuthuthuka okukhulu.

Udokotela wakho uzohlola njalo inqubekela phambili yakho futhi anqume ukuthi ufike nini enzweni eliphezulu lokwelashwa. Nge-vitiligo, lokhu kungasho ukufeza ukubuyiselwa kombala okwanelisayo, ngenkathi nge-psoriasis, kungasho ukufeza isikhumba esicacile noma esicishe sicace.

Abanye abantu bangase badinge ukwelashwa kokulondoloza ngisho nangemva kokuthi ukwelashwa kwabo kokuqala kuqediwe. Udokotela wakho uzokwenza uhlelo lwesikhathi eside olulinganisela ukugcina imiphumela yakho nokuqeda izingozi ezingaba khona.

Uma uhlangabezana nemiphumela emibi ebalulekile noma ungaboni ngcono ngemva kwezinyanga eziningana, xoxa ngezindlela zokwelapha ezingezinye nodokotela wakho kunokumane uyeke ukuthatha i-methoxsalen.

Ngingasebenzisa yini i-Sunscreen ngenkathi ngithatha i-Methoxsalen?

Kufanele ugweme konke ukuchayeka elangeni amahora angu-24-48 ngemva kokwelashwa nge-methoxsalen, ngisho nangokusebenzisa i-sunscreen. Umuthi wenza isikhumba sakho sizwele kakhulu emthunzini we-UV, futhi ngisho ne-sunscreen ephezulu ye-SPF ingase inganikezi ukuvikelwa okwanele.

Uma udinga ukuphuma ngaphandle ngesikhathi esibucayi, gqoka izingubo ezivikelayo ezimboza izindawo eziphathwe ngokuphelele, kanye nesigqoko esibanzi kanye nezibuko zelanga. Hlala ezindaweni ezinomthunzi ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ngemva kokuthi isikhathi sokuqala esibucayi sidlula, ungaqhubeka nokusebenzisa i-sunscreen, kodwa khetha umkhiqizo obanzi one-SPF okungenani engama-30. Udokotela wakho angase ancome izinhlobo ezithile ze-sunscreen ezisebenza kahle kubantu abasebenzisa ukwelashwa ngokukhanya.

Ukuvikelwa elangeni kwesikhathi eside kubaluleke kakhulu kubantu abaye bathola ukwelashwa kwe-PUVA, njengoba ukwelashwa kungase kwandise ingozi yakho yomdlavuza wesikhumba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.