Yini i-Propofol: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni Nokunye

I-Propofol iyimithi enamandla efakwa ngemithambo ekuvula ukulala okujulile, okulawulwayo ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Lolu ketshezi olumhlophe olufana nobisi lusebenza ngokushesha ukukwenza ungaqapheli ngokuphelele, okuvumela odokotela ukuthi benze ukuhlinzwa noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ngenkathi ungaqapheli kahle ukuthi kwenzakalani.

Uzothola i-propofol kuphela esibhedlela noma endaweni yezokwelapha lapho ochwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe bengaqapha ngokucophelela ukuphefumula kwakho nezimpawu ezibalulekile. Kuthathwa njengenye yezindlela zokubulala izinzwa eziphumelela kakhulu ezitholakalayo namuhla, okusiza izigidi zabantu ukuthi zihlinzwe ngokuphepha nangaphandle kobuhlungu.

Yini i-Propofol?

I-Propofol iyisibulali-zinzwa esisebenza ngokushesha esingaphansi kwezigaba zemithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-sedative-hypnotics. Ivela njengeketshezi eliqinile, elimhlophe elibukeka lifana nobisi, yingakho ochwepheshe bezokwelapha ngezinye izikhathi belibiza ngokuthi “ubisi lwe-amnesia.”

Le mithi isebenza ngokunciphisa umsebenzi kagesi wobuchopho bakho, empeleni ivali ukuqaphela kwakho okwesikhashana. Ngokungafani nezinye izibulali-zinzwa, i-propofol ayizakhi ezicutshini zomzimba wakho, okusho ukuthi uvuka ngokushesha uma ukufakwa kuyeka.

Lo muthi waqala ukuthuthukiswa ngeminyaka yawo-1970 futhi usuye waba yisisekelo somkhuba wanamuhla wokubulala izinzwa. Imiphumela yawo ebonakalayo kanye nephrofayili yokululama ebushelelezi yenza kube yindlela ekhethwayo yezinhlobo eziningi zezinqubo.

Isetshenziselwani i-Propofol?

I-Propofol isebenza ngezinhloso ezintathu eziyinhloko ezindaweni zezokwelapha: i-anesthesia ejwayelekile yokuhlinzwa, ukuthulisa izinqubo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ezigulini ezikunakekelwa okukhulu. Udokotela wakho uzokhetha i-propofol uma bedinga ukungaqapheli okuthembekile, okulawulekayo.

Ngezindlela zokuhlinzwa, i-propofol ikusiza ukuthi ulale ngokushesha futhi uhlale ungaqapheli ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kufaka phakathi yonke into kusukela ekuhlinzweni okuncane kwabantu abangaphandle kweziguli kuya ekuhlinzweni okukhulu njengokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo noma ukufakelwa izitho.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kokuxilonga, i-propofol inikeza ukuthuliswa kwengqondo noma ukuthuliswa okujulile kuye ngezidingo zakho. Izinqubo ezivamile zihlanganisa ukuhlolwa kwamathumbu amakhulu, ukuhlolwa kwesisu, imisebenzi ethile yamazinyo, kanye nokuhlolwa okuthile kokuthwebula okudinga ukuthi uhlale uzinzile.

Ezindaweni zokunakekelwa okukhulu, i-propofol ingasetshenziswa ezigulini ezidinga ukuhlala zithuliswe ngenkathi zise-ventilator. Lokhu kusiza ukunciphisa ukukhathazeka nokungakhululeki ngesikhathi sokwelashwa okunakekelwa okubucayi.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Propofol?

I-Propofol isebenza ngokuthuthukisa imiphumela yekhemikhali yobuchopho ebizwa nge-GABA, ngokwemvelo esiza ukuthulisa uhlelo lwakho lwezinzwa. Lapho i-propofol ikhuphula umsebenzi we-GABA, empeleni ibeka ubuchopho bakho esimweni esilawulwayo sokungazi.

Leli yimithi enamandla kakhulu esebenza ngokushesha. Ngaphakathi kwemizuzwana engama-30 kuya kwengama-60 yokujova, cishe uzozizwa ukozela bese ulahlekelwa ukwazi ngokuphelele. Imiphumela iyaphela ngokushesha uma ukumnika kuyeka, ngokuvamile kungakapheli imizuzu eyi-10 kuya kweyi-15.

Ngokungafani nezinye izidakamizwa zokubulala izinzwa oziphefumulayo, i-propofol iya ngqo egazini lakho nge-IV. Lokhu kuvumela udokotela wakho we-anesthesiologist ukuthi alawule ukujula kokuthuliswa kwakho ngokunembile ngokulungisa izinga lokumnika.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Propofol?

Ngeke uzithathele wena i-propofol - ngaso sonke isikhathi inikezwa ochwepheshe bezokwelapha abaqeqeshiwe ngomugqa we-IV esibhedlela noma esikhungweni sokuhlinzwa. Umuthi udinga ukuqapha okuqhubekayo kokuphefumula kwakho, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo, nomfutho wegazi.

Ngaphambi kwenqubo yakho, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizofaka i-IV catheter emthanjeni engalweni yakho noma esandleni sakho. I-propofol izolethwa ngale IV njengomjovo owodwa noma ukumnika okuqhubekayo, kuye ngokuthi inqubo yakho ithatha isikhathi esingakanani.

Udokotela wakho we-anesthesiologist uzobala umthamo oqondile ngokusekelwe esisindweni sakho, ubudala, umlando wezokwelapha, kanye nohlobo lwenqubo onayo. Bazoqala ukumnika futhi bakuqaphe eduze kuyo yonke inqubo.

Akudingeki ukuthi udle noma uphuze noma yini ekhethekile ngaphambi kokuthola i-propofol, kodwa ngokuvamile uzodinga ukugwema ukudla noketshezi amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kwalokho. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokunikeza imiyalelo ethile mayelana nokuthi uyeke nini ukudla nokuphuza.

Ngingayithatha isikhathi esingakanani i-Propofol?

Ubude besikhathi sokunikezwa kwe-propofol buxhomeke ngokuphelele kunqubo yakho yezokwelapha futhi kulawulwa ngudokotela wakho we-anesthesiologist. Ngezindlela ezimfushane, ungase uthole i-propofol imizuzu engu-15 kuya kwengama-30 nje, kuyilapho ukuhlinzwa okude kungase kudingeke amahora ambalwa okufakwa.

Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizoyeka ukufakwa kwe-propofol lapho inqubo yakho isiqediwe. Umuthi usuka ngokushesha ohlelweni lwakho, ngakho-ke ngokuvamile uzoqala ukuvuka phakathi nemizuzu engu-10 kuya kwengama-15 ngemuva kokuphela kokufakwa.

Ezindaweni zokunakekelwa okukhulu, ezinye iziguli zingase zithole i-propofol izinsuku noma ngisho namaviki, kodwa lokhu kudinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela kakhulu futhi kwenziwa kuphela uma kudingeka ngokwezokwelapha.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni ye-Propofol?

Abantu abaningi bayamukela kahle i-propofol, kodwa njengayo yonke imithi enamandla, ingabangela imiphumela emibi. Imiphumela ejwayelekile kakhulu yenzeka ngesikhathi noma ngemuva nje kokuphathwa futhi iqashwe eduze yithimba lakho lezokwelapha.

Ngesikhathi senqubo, ungase uhlangabezane nokwehla kwesikhashana kwengcindezi yegazi noma ukuphefumula okuhamba kancane, yingakho ukuqapha okuqhubekayo kubalulekile. Abanye abantu futhi banamaphutha amafushane okushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, kodwa lokhu ngokuvamile kulungiswa ngokushesha.

Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile ongase uyibone ngemuva kokuvuka ihlanganisa:

• Isicanucanu esincane noma ukuhlanza
• Isiyezi noma ukuzizwa ungazinzile
• Ikhanda
• Ukozela okungahlala amahora ambalwa
• Ukudideka kwesikhashana noma ukulahlekelwa yisikhombandlela
• Ubuhlungu noma ukusha endaweni ye-IV

Le miphumela ivame ukuba mnene futhi iyancipha njengoba umuthi usuka ohlelweni lwakho. Ithimba lakho lokululama lizokusiza ukuthi ulawule noma yikuphi ukungakhululeki.

Imiphumela emibi kakhulu ayivamile kodwa ingabandakanya ukusabela okukhulu komzimba, ukwehla okukhulu kwengcindezi yegazi, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula. Yingakho i-propofol inikezwa kuphela ezikhungweni zezokwelapha ezinemishini ephuthumayo etholakalayo.

Ngokuvamile, abanye abantu bangase bahlangabezane ne-propofol infusion syndrome, isimo esibi esingathinta inhliziyo nemisipha. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka kuphela ngama-infusion andisiwe, anezilinganiso eziphezulu futhi kuqashwe ngokucophelela ezindaweni zokunakekelwa okukhulu.

Ubani Ongafanele Athole I-Propofol?

Abantu abaningi bangathola i-propofol ngokuphepha, kodwa izimo ezithile zidinga ukuqapha okwengeziwe noma imithi ehlukile. Udokotela wakho we-anesthesiologist uzobukeza umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngokucophelela ukuze anqume ukuthi i-propofol ikulungele yini.

Abantu abanezinkinga ezinkulu zenhliziyo, ikakhulukazi labo abahluleka inhliziyo enkulu noma ingcindezi yegazi ephansi kakhulu, bangase badinge izindlela ezihlukile zokubulala izinzwa. I-Propofol inganciphisa okwesikhashana ingcindezi yegazi, okungase kube yinkinga kulaba bantu.

Uma wazi ukuthi unokungezwani komzimba ne-propofol, amaqanda, noma ubhontshisi wesoya, uzodinga imithi ehlukile. I-Propofol iqukethe i-lecithin yeqanda kanye namafutha kabhontshisi wesoya, ngakho ukungezwani komzimba kulokhu kudla ngezinye izikhathi kungabangela ukusabela.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe ngokuvamile bathola i-propofol kuphela uma izinzuzo zicacile ukwedlula izingozi, futhi ngokuvamile kuphela ezimweni eziphuthumayo. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizocabangela ngokucophelela ezinye izindlela eziphephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Abantu abanezimo ezithile ezingavamile zofuzo ezithinta ukusebenza kwemisipha bangase badinge izinyathelo zokuphepha ezikhethekile, njengoba i-propofol ngezinye izikhathi ingabangela izinkinga kulaba bantu.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Propofol

I-Propofol itholakala ngaphansi kwamagama amaningi omkhiqizo, nakuba inguqulo ejwayelekile isetshenziswa kakhulu. Igama lokuqala lomkhiqizo yi-Diprivan, ekhiqizwa yi-AstraZeneca.

Amanye amagama ebhrendi afaka i-Propoven, i-Fresofol, kanye ne-Recofol, kuye ngomenzi kanye nezwe. Kodwa-ke, izibhedlela eziningi nezikhungo zokuhlinzwa zisebenzisa i-propofol ejwayelekile, efana ngempumelelo nezinguqulo zamagama ebhrendi.

Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizosebenzisa noma iyiphi ifomula etholakala esikhungweni sabo. Zonke izinguqulo ze-propofol zisebenza ngendlela efanayo futhi zinezici zokuphepha ezifanayo.

Ezinye Izindlela Zokwelapha ze-Propofol

Imithi eminingana ehlukile ingahlinzeka ngemiphumela efana ne-propofol, futhi udokotela wakho we-anesthesiologist angakhetha lezi ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zakho ezithile noma izimo zezokwelapha. Enye nanye indlela enye inezinzuzo zayo kanye nezinto okufanele zicatshangelwe.

I-Sevoflurane kanye ne-desflurane yizinto eziphefumulwayo ze-anesthetics ezingahlinzeka nge-anesthesia ejwayelekile ngaphandle kokudinga ukumnika nge-IV. La magesi aphefumulwa ngemaski futhi angaba izinketho ezinhle kubantu abanobunzima bokufinyelela i-IV.

Ukuze kuthuliswe ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, i-midazolam (Versed) ehlanganiswe ne-fentanyl inikeza enye indlela. Le nhlanganisela isebenza kancane kune-propofol kodwa ingasebenza kahle ngokulinganayo ezinqubweni eziningi.

I-Etomidate enye i-anesthetic ye-IV engase ikhethwe kubantu abanezinkinga zenhliziyo, njengoba ivame ukuba nomthelela omncane ekucindezelweni kwegazi kune-propofol.

I-Ketamine inikeza olunye uhlobo lwe-anesthesia futhi ingaba usizo ezinqubweni ezithile noma kubantu abangase bangasabele kahle ku-propofol.

Ingabe i-Propofol Ingcono Kunezinye Izinto Zokwelapha?

I-Propofol inezinzuzo eziningana eziyenza ithandwe phakathi kwabadokotela be-anesthesiologists, kodwa ukuthi 'ingcono' kuncike esimweni sakho ngasinye kanye nohlobo lwenqubo onayo. Enye nanye i-anesthetic inendawo yayo emithini yesimanje.

Izinzuzo eziyinhloko ze-Propofol zifaka ukuqala kwayo okusheshayo nesikhathi sokululama esheshayo. Uya ebuthongweni ngokushesha futhi uvuke unengqondo ecacile uma uqhathaniswa nezinye izinto zokwelapha. Lokhu kuyenza ibe yinhle ezinqubweni zokwelapha ezingaphandle lapho udinga ukuhamba ngosuku olufanayo.

Umuthi futhi ubangela isicanucanu nokuhlanza okuncane kunezinto eziningi zokubulala izinzwa, okuthuthukisa induduzo yakho ngesikhathi sokululama. Imiphumela yawo nayo iyabikezeleka kakhulu, okuvumela udokotela wakho wezinzwa ukuthi alawule izinga lakho lokuthuliswa ngqo.

Kodwa-ke, i-propofol akusona ngaso sonke isikhathi esikhethekile. Ngokuhlinzwa okude kakhulu, izinto zokubulala izinzwa eziphefumulwayo zingase zifaneleke kakhulu. Kubantu abanezifo ezithile zenhliziyo, eminye imithi ingase iphephe kakhulu.

Udokotela wakho wezinzwa uzokhetha umuthi ongcono kakhulu esimweni sakho esithile, ecabangela impilo yakho, inqubo, kanye nomlando wakho wezokwelapha.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Propofol

Ingabe i-Propofol iphephile Kubantu Abanezifo Zenhliziyo?

I-Propofol ingasetshenziswa ngokuphepha kubantu abanezifo zenhliziyo, kodwa idinga ukuqapha okwengeziwe nokulungiswa kwemithamo ngokucophelela. Umuthi unganciphisa okwesikhashana umfutho wegazi futhi wehlise izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo, okungase kukhathaze abantu abanezifo ezithile zenhliziyo.

Udokotela wakho wezinzwa uzosebenza eduze nodokotela wakho wenhliziyo ukuze anqume indlela ephephe kakhulu. Bangase bakhethe i-anesthetic ehlukile, basebenzise imithamo ephansi ye-propofol, noma banikeze eminye imithi yokusekela ukusebenza kwenhliziyo yakho ngesikhathi senqubo.

Abantu abaningi abanezifo zenhliziyo bathola i-propofol ngokuphepha nsuku zonke. Okubalulekile ukuba nodokotela wezinzwa onolwazi ongakuqapha eduze futhi alungise ukwelashwa njengoba kudingeka.

Ngingenzani Uma Ngithola I-Propofol Eningi Ngengozi?

Akudingeki ukhathazeke ngokuthola i-propofol eningi ngengozi, njengoba ochwepheshe bezokwelapha abaqeqeshiwe kuphela abaphatha lo muthi ezindaweni ezilawulwayo zesibhedlela. Udokotela wakho wezinzwa ubala ngokucophelela umthamo wakho futhi akuqaphe ngokuqhubekayo kuyo yonke inqubo.

Uma i-overdose ingenzeka, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha linokufinyelela ngokushesha emishinini kanye nemithi yokusekela ukuphefumula kwakho nokujikeleza kwegazi. Baqeqeshwe ukubhekana nanoma yiziphi izinkinga ezingase zivele.

Umuthi unikezwa ngamaphampu anembile okufaka umuthi ngomgudu wemithambo yegazi asiza ekuvikeleni amaphutha ekulinganiseni imithi. Ukuphepha kwakho yinto eza kuqala, ngemihlahlo eminingi yokuphepha ekhona.

Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo we-Propofol?

Lo mbuzo awusebenzi ku-propofol ngoba akuyona imithi oyithatha ekhaya noma ngeshejuli ejwayelekile. I-Propofol inikezwa kuphela ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa emitholampilo noma ezikhungweni zokuhlinzwa.

Uma unohlelo lokuhlinzwa oludinga i-propofol, vele ulandele imiyalelo yakho yangaphambi kokuhlinzwa mayelana nokudla, ukuphuza, nokuthatha imithi yakho ejwayelekile. Fika ekuqokweni kwakho njengoba kuhleliwe.

Uma udinga ukuhlehlisa ukuhlinzwa kwakho, xhumana nehhovisi likadokotela wakho ukuze uhlele ukuqokwa okusha. I-propofol izonikezwa isesisha ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kwakho okuhlehlisiwe.

Ngingayeka nini ukuthatha i-Propofol?

Awulawuli ukuthi i-propofol imiswa nini - udokotela wakho we-anesthesiologist wenza lesi sinqumo ngokusekelwe ekuhlinzweni kwakho nasekuthuthukiseni kwakho. Umuthi uyekiswa lapho ukuhlinzwa kwakho noma inqubo yakho isiqediwe futhi kuphephile ukuthi uvuke.

Ukufakwa komuthi ngomgudu wemithambo yegazi kuvame ukuma kancane kancane kunokuthi konke ngesikhathi esisodwa, okukuvumela ukuthi uvuke ngokushelela. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizoqhubeka likuqapha njengoba umuthi uphela.

Ezindaweni zokunakekelwa okukhulu, isinqumo sokuyeka i-propofol sincike esimweni sakho sezokwelapha nentuthuko yokululama. Ithimba lakho lokunakekelwa okubucayi lizobona isikhathi esifanele sokunciphisa noma ukuyeka ukuthulisa.

Ngingashayela ngemva kokuthola i-Propofol?

Cha, akufanele ushayele okungenani amahora angu-24 ngemva kokuthola i-propofol. Noma ungase uzizwe uqaphile ngokushesha ngemva kokuvuka, umuthi ungathinta isikhathi sakho sokusabela nokwahlulela amahora amaningana.

Uzodinga umuntu ozokushayela ekhaya ngemva kwenqubo yakho futhi ahlale nawe amahora ambalwa. Izikhungo eziningi zezokwelapha zidinga ukuthi ube nomuntu omdala onomthwalo wemfanelo okuhambisayo ngaphambi kokuthi bakukhiphe.

Hlela ukuphumula usuku lonke, ugweme izinqumo ezibalulekile, ukusebenzisa imishini, noma ukusayina imibhalo yezomthetho kuze kube ngosuku olulandelayo. Ukucabanga kwakho nokuxhumana kuzobuyela kokujwayelekile, kodwa kuthatha isikhathi ukuthi yonke imiphumela iphele ngokuphelele.