Yini i-Rimabotulinumtoxinb: Ukusetshenziswa, Umthamo, Imiphumela Eceleni nokuningi

I-Rimabotulinumtoxinb ngumuthi kadokotela oqukethe i-botulinum toxin uhlobo B, iphrotheni ehlanzekile ephumuza imisipha esebenza ngokweqile okwesikhashana. Ungase uyazi kangcono ngegama layo lomkhiqizo, i-Myobloc, futhi ingeyomndeni ofanayo wemithi ne-Botox, nakuba isebenzisa olunye uhlobo lwe-botulinum toxin.

Lo muthi usebenza ngokuvimba izimpawu zemizwa ezitshela imisipha yakho ukuthi iqine. Uma ifakwe ngqo emsipheni othile, inikeza ukukhululeka ekuqineni kwemisipha okubuhlungu futhi ingasiza ekunciphiseni ukujuluka ngokweqile ezingxenyeni ezithile zomzimba wakho.

Isetshenziselwani i-Rimabotulinumtoxinb?

I-Rimabotulinumtoxinb iphatha i-cervical dystonia, isimo sezinzwa lapho imisipha entanyeni yakho namahlombe iqina ngokuzenzakalela. Lesi simo sibangela ukuthi ikhanda lakho lijike noma liphenduke libe yizikhundla ezingakhululekile, ngokuvamile okuhambisana nobuhlungu obukhulu nobunzima emisebenzini yansuku zonke.

Lo muthi uvunyelwe futhi ukwelapha ukujuluka okukhulu kwangaphansi kwengalo (i-axillary hyperhidrosis) lapho ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingasebenzi ngempumelelo. Udokotela wakho angase acabangele lokhu kwelashwa uma ama-antiperspirants avamile, imithi kadokotela, noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingazange zinikeze ukukhululeka okwanele.

Ngezinye izikhathi, abahlinzeki bezempilo basebenzisa i-rimabotulinumtoxinb kwezinye izimo ezihlobene nemisipha, nakuba lokhu kungabhekwa njengokusebenzisa ngaphandle kwelebula. Udokotela wakho uzoxoxa ukuthi lo muthi ulungele yini isimo sakho esithile nezimpawu.

Isebenza kanjani i-Rimabotulinumtoxinb?

I-Rimabotulinumtoxinb isebenza ngokuvimba okwesikhashana ukukhululwa kwe-acetylcholine, isithunywa samakhemikhali esitshela imisipha yakho ukuthi iqine nini. Cabanga ngayo njengokunqamula okwesikhashana umugqa wokuxhumana phakathi kwemizwa yakho nemisipha.

Lo muthi ubhekwa njengomuthi oqinile futhi oqondiswe kakhulu. Ngokungafani nemithi edliwayo ethinta umzimba wakho wonke, i-rimabotulinumtoxinb ithinta kuphela imisipha ethile lapho ifakwe khona, okusiza ukunciphisa imiphumela emibi kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho.

Imiphumela ngokuvamile iqala phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa kuya emavikini amabili ngemuva kokujova futhi ingahlala noma yikuphi kusuka ezinyangeni ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha. Njengoba umuthi ushoda kancane kancane, ukuxhumana kwemizwa kubuya kancane, futhi umsebenzi wemisipha uqala kabusha amaphethini awo angaphambilini.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Kanjani I-Rimabotulinumtoxinb?

I-Rimabotulinumtoxinb ihlala inikezwa njengomjovo ngqo emsipheni othintekile ngumhlinzeki wezempilo oqeqeshiwe. Awukwazi ukuthatha lo muthi ekhaya noma ngomlomo - idinga ukuphathwa ngobuchwepheshe endaweni yezokwelapha.

Ngaphambi kokuqokwa kwakho komjovo, akudingeki ukuthi uzile noma ugweme ukudla, yize odokotela abathile bencoma ukugwema utshwala amahora angama-24 ngaphambi kwalokho. Ungadla ngokujwayelekile futhi uthathe imithi yakho ejwayelekile ngaphandle kokuthi udokotela wakho ekutshele ngokuqondile ngenye indlela.

Inqubo yokujova ngokuvamile ithatha imizuzu eyi-15 kuya kwengama-30, kuye ngokuthi mingaki imisipha edinga ukwelashwa. Udokotela wakho uzosebenzisa inaliti encane ukujova umuthi ezindaweni ezithile emsipheni othintekile, eqondiswa ulwazi lwabo lwe-anatomy futhi ngezinye izikhathi isizwe ukukhuthazwa kukagesi ukuthola izindawo ezifanele.

Ngemuva komjovo, ngokuvamile ungabuyela emisebenzini ejwayelekile ngokushesha. Kodwa-ke, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukugwema ukuzivocavoca okukhulu noma ukulala phansi amahora ambalwa ukusiza umuthi ukuthi uhlale emsipheni okuhloswe ngawo.

Kufanele Ngiyithathe Isikhathi Esingakanani I-Rimabotulinumtoxinb?

Imiphumela ye-rimabotulinumtoxinb yesikhashana, ngakho-ke uzodinga imijovo ephindwayo ukuze ugcine izinzuzo. Abantu abaningi bathola imijovo njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu kuya kwezine, yize isimiso sakho esithile sincike ekutheni umzimba wakho usabela kanjani emuthini.

Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi izimpawu zabo zibuyela kancane kancane ezinyangeni eziningana, kanti abanye baqaphela ukubuyela okungazelelwe kwemizwa yemisipha noma ukujuluka. Udokotela wakho uzosebenza nawe ukuthola isikhathi esifanele sokujova kwakho okulandelayo ngokusekelwe ekutheni izimpawu zakho ziqala nini ukubuyela.

Akukho usuku oluqondile lokuphela kwalolu hlobo lwelashwa. Abantu abaningi baqhubeka nokuthola imijovo iminyaka eminingi njengengxenye yokulawula isimo sabo esingamahlalakhona. Udokotela wakho uzohlola njalo ukuthi ngabe imithi iyaqhubeka yini isebenza futhi iphephile esimweni sakho.

Yiziphi Imiphumela Eceleni ye-Rimabotulinumtoxinb?

Abantu abaningi bayakwazi ukumelana ne-rimabotulinumtoxinb kahle, kodwa njengayo yonke imithi, ingabangela imiphumela emibi. Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile ivame ukuba mnene futhi yesikhashana, yenzeka endaweni yokujova noma eduze kwayo.

Nansi imiphumela emibi ongase uyithole, iqala ngaleyo ejwayelekile:

• Ubuhlungu, ukulimala, noma ukuvuvukala endaweni yokujova
• Ikhanda elingase lithathe izinsuku ezimbalwa
• Izimpawu ezinjenge-flu ezihlanganisa umkhuhlane omnene noma ubuhlungu bomzimba
• Ubuthakathaka besikhashana emisipheni ejovwe
• Umlomo owomile, ongabonakala kakhulu ngemijovo yentamo
• Ubunzima bokugwinya (i-dysphagia) lapho welapha imisipha yentamo

Le miphumela emibi ejwayelekile ngokuvamile iyanyamalala ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kuya emavikini futhi ngokuvamile ayidingi ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha ngaphandle kwezinyathelo zokunethezeka eziyisisekelo.

Imiphumela emibi engavamile kodwa ebucayi ingenzeka, yize ithinta ngaphansi kwabantu abangu-5% abathola lo muthi:

• Ubunzima obukhulu bokugwinya noma ukuphefumula
• Ubuthakathaka obubanzi bemisipha ngaphandle kwendawo yokujova
• Ushintsho lombono noma umbono ophindwe kabili
• Ukuphendula okubi kakhulu komzimba okuhlanganisa ukuqubuka, ukuluma, noma ukuvuvukala
• Ubunzima bokukhuluma noma izinguquko zezwi

Uma uhlangabezana nanoma iyiphi yale miphumela emibi ebucayi, xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngokushesha noma funa ukunakekelwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo.

Ezimweni ezingavamile, i-botulinum toxin ingasakazeka ngaphezu kwendawo yokujova futhi ibangele izimpawu ezifana ne-botulism emzimbeni wakho wonke. Lokhu kwenzeka kubantu abangaphansi kuka-1% futhi kufaka izimpawu ezinjengobuthakathaka obukhulu bemisipha, ubunzima bokuphefumula, noma izinkinga ngombono nenkulumo. Ngenkathi lokhu kungavamile kakhulu, kubalulekile ukuqaphela lezi zimpawu futhi ufune ukwelashwa ngokushesha uma zenzeka.

Ubani Ongafanele Athathe I-Rimabotulinumtoxinb?

I-Rimabotulinumtoxinb ayiphephile kuwo wonke umuntu, futhi udokotela wakho uzobukeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokuncoma lokhu kwelashwa. Akufanele uthole lo muthi uma unokungezwani komzimba ne-botulinum toxin noma yiziphi izithako ezisetshenziswayo.

Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha zenza i-rimabotulinumtoxinb ibe yingozi. Udokotela wakho cishe uzokweluleka ukuthi ungathathi lokhu kwelashwa uma une:

• Ukutheleleka okusebenzayo endaweni yokujova ehleliwe
• Izifo ze-Neuromuscular ezifana ne-myasthenia gravis noma i-Lambert-Eaton syndrome
• Izifo zokuphuma igazi noma uma uthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi
• Izinkinga ezinkulu zokuphefumula noma ubunzima bokugwinya

Ukukhulelwa nokuncelisa kufuna ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile. Ngenkathi kungekho bufakazi obuqinisekile bokuthi i-rimabotulinumtoxinb ilimaza izingane ezisakhula, odokotela bavame ukuncoma ukuyigwema ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngaphandle kwalapho izinzuzo zicacile ukwedlula izingozi.

Uma uthatha imithi ethile, kungadingeka ukuthi udokotela wakho alungise uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa. Ama-antibiotics afana nama-aminoglycosides, ama-muscle relaxants, kanye neminye imithi ethile ingasebenzisana ne-rimabotulinumtoxinb futhi yandise ingozi yemiphumela emibi.

Amagama Omkhiqizo we-Rimabotulinumtoxinb

Igama lomkhiqizo le-rimabotulinumtoxinb yi-Myobloc, ekhiqizwa yi-Solstice Neurosciences. Lolu okwamanje wukuphela komkhiqizo we-rimabotulinumtoxinb othengiswayo e-United States.

I-Myobloc iza ngamavial asetshenziswa kanye aqukethe izinhlobo ezahlukene zomuthi. Udokotela wakho uzokhetha amandla afanele ngokuya ngesimo sakho esithile kanye nemisipha ephathwayo.

Ngokungafani neminye imikhiqizo ye-botulinum toxin, i-Myobloc ayidingi ukuhlanganiswa noma ukuxutshwa ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa. Iza isilungele ukujovwa, okungenza inqubo yokulungiselela iqonde ngqo kubahlinzeki bezempilo.

Ezinye Izindlela Zokwelapha ze-Rimabotulinumtoxinb

Eminye imikhiqizo eminingi ye-botulinum toxin iyatholakala uma i-rimabotulinumtoxinb ingakulungele. Enye indlela eyaziwa kakhulu yi-onabotulinumtoxinA (Botox), esebenzisa i-botulinum toxin uhlobo A esikhundleni sohlobo B.

Eminye imikhiqizo ye-botulinum toxin uhlobo A ihlanganisa i-abobotulinumtoxinA (Dysport) kanye ne-incobotulinumtoxinA (Xeomin). Ngenkathi le mithi isebenza ngendlela efanayo ne-rimabotulinumtoxinb, inezindlela ezahlukene zokwakheka futhi ingasebenza kahle noma ingasebenzi kahle kwabanye abantu.

Ngezindlela zokwelapha ezingezona ze-botulinum toxin, izinketho zakho zokwelapha zincike esimweni sakho esithile. I-Cervical dystonia ingase iphathwe ngemithi yomlomo efana nama-muscle relaxants, imithi elwa nokuhlaselwa, noma ngisho nezinqubo zokuhlinzwa ezimweni ezinzima. Ukujuluka ngokweqile ngezinye izikhathi kungalawulwa ngama-antiperspirants kadokotela, imithi yomlomo, noma izinqubo ezinjenge-miraDry.

Udokotela wakho uzokusiza ukuthi uhlole lezi zindlela zokwelapha uma i-rimabotulinumtoxinb ingakunikezi impumuzo eyanele noma uma uhlangabezana nemiphumela engemukeleki.

Ingabe i-Rimabotulinumtoxinb Ingcono Kune-Botox?

Noma ngabe i-rimabotulinumtoxinb ingcono kune-Botox kuncike ekuphenduleni kwakho komuntu ngamunye kanye nesimo sezempilo esithile. Yomibili le mithi iyimikhiqizo ye-botulinum toxin esebenzayo, kodwa isebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-toxin futhi ingasebenza ngendlela ehlukile emzimbeni wakho.

Abanye abantu basabela kangcono ku-rimabotulinumtoxinb (uhlobo B toxin) kunaku-Botox (uhlobo A toxin), ikakhulukazi uma bekhulelwe ukumelana nemikhiqizo yohlobo A. Ukuqala kwesenzo kungase futhi kwehluke kancane, nabanye abantu beqaphela imiphumela ngokushesha ngomkhiqizo owodwa kunomunye.

Ngokuqondile i-cervical dystonia, womabili amakhambi abonise ukusebenza kahle okufanayo ezifundweni zomtholampilo. Ukukhetha kuvame ukwehla ekuphenduleni kwakho ngakunye, ulwazi lukadokotela wakho ngomkhiqizo ngamunye, kanye nezinto ezibonakalayo njengezindleko nokumbozwa komshuwalense.

Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi uqonde ukuthi iyiphi inketho engase ibe ngcono esimweni sakho, futhi ungase uzame ngisho nemikhiqizo yomibili ngezikhathi ezihlukene ukuze ubone ukuthi iyiphi esebenza kangcono kuwe.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Rimabotulinumtoxinb

Ingabe i-Rimabotulinumtoxinb iphephile kubantu abanesifo sikashukela?

I-Rimabotulinumtoxinb ngokuvamile iphephile kubantu abanesifo sikashukela, futhi ukuba nesifo sikashukela akukuvimbeli ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuthola lokhu kwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, udokotela wakho uzofuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isifo sakho sikashukela silawulwa kahle ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nemijovo.

Abantu abanesifo sikashukela bangase babe nengozi ephakeme kancane yokutheleleka noma ukuphola kancane ezindaweni zokujova, ngakho-ke umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo angase athathe izinyathelo ezengeziwe. Bangase futhi bakuqaphele eduze ngemva kwemijovo ukuze baqaphele noma yiziphi izindlela ezingavamile.

Ngingenzani uma ngiphuthelwa ngengozi ngisebenzisa i-Rimabotulinumtoxinb eningi kakhulu?

Njengoba i-rimabotulinumtoxinb inikezwa kuphela ochwepheshe bezempilo, ukweqisa ngengozi akunakwenzeka kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, uma uthola imithi eningi kakhulu, okukhathazayo okuyinhloko kungaba ubuthakathaka bemisipha obukhulu noma ukusabalala kwemiphumela emsipheni obungahlosiwe ukwelashwa.

Uma ubona ubuthakathaka obungavamile bemisipha, ubunzima bokuphefumula, noma izinkinga zokugwinya ngemva komjovo, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha noma funa ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo. Lokhu kungaba yizimpawu zokuthi umuthi uthinte imisipha eminingi kunokuba bekuhloswe.

Alukho oluthile oluqondile lwe-rimabotulinumtoxinb, ngakho ukwelashwa kuzogxila ekuphatheni izimpawu nokunikeza ukunakekelwa okusekelayo ngenkathi imiphumela yomuthi incipha kancane kancane ezinyangeni eziningana.

Kufanele Ngenzeni Uma Ngedlula Umthamo We-Rimabotulinumtoxinb?

Uma udlula i-aphoyintimenti yomjovo oluhleliwe, xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuze uhlele kabusha ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Isikhathi somjovo wakho olandelayo sincike ekutheni izimpawu zakho zibuyela nini nokuthi sekudlule isikhathi esingakanani kusukela ekwelashweni kwakho kokugcina.

Ungase uqaphele ukuthi imisipha yakho eqinile noma ukujuluka ngokweqile kubuyela kancane kancane njengoba imiphumela yomjovo wangaphambilini incipha. Lokhu kuvamile futhi kulindelekile, futhi ukuthola umjovo wakho olandelayo kuzosiza ekubuyiseleni ukulawulwa kwezimpawu.

Ungazami ukwenza umthamo odluliwe ngokuthola imithi eyengeziwe e-aphoyintimentini yakho elandelayo. Udokotela wakho uzonquma umthamo ofanele ngokuya ngezimpawu zakho zamanje nokuthi sekudlule isikhathi esingakanani kusukela emjovweni wakho wokugcina.

Ngingayeka Nini Ukuthatha I-Rimabotulinumtoxinb?

Ungayeka ukuthola imijovo ye-rimabotulinumtoxinb nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, futhi azikho izimpawu zokuhoxisa noma imiphumela eyingozi evela ekuyekeni umuthi. Kodwa-ke, izimpawu zakho zokuqala zizobuya kancane kancane njengoba imiphumela yomuthi incipha ezinyangeni eziningana.

Abanye abantu bakhetha ukuyeka ukwelashwa uma isimo sabo esingaphansi sithuthuka, uma bethuthukisa imiphumela engamukeleki, noma uma bethola ukwelashwa okuhlukile okusebenza kangcono kubo. Abanye bangase bathathe ikhefu ekwelashweni ukuze babone ukuthi izimpawu zabo zishintshe kanjani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ngaphambi kokuyeka ukwelashwa, xoxa ngesinqumo sakho nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo. Bangakusiza ukuthi uqonde okulindelekile njengoba umuthi uphelelwa amandla futhi bangase baphakamise ezinye izindlela zokwelapha uma kudingeka.

Ngingakwazi yini ukuzivivinya ngemva kokuthola imijovo ye-Rimabotulinumtoxinb?

Odokotela abaningi batusa ukugwema ukuzivivinya okunzima emahoreni ambalwa okuqala ngemva kokuthola imijovo ye-rimabotulinumtoxinb. Lokhu kuqapha kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umuthi uhlala emisipheni okuhloswe ngayo kunokuthi usakazekele ezindaweni eziseduze.

Imisebenzi elula efana nokuhamba ivamise ukuba kahle ngemva nje kokuqokwa kwakho komjovo. Ngokuvamile ungaqala kabusha umkhuba wakho wokuzivivinya ojwayelekile ngosuku olulandelayo imijovo yakho, nakuba kufanele ulalele umzimba wakho futhi ugweme imisebenzi ebangela ubuhlungu ezindaweni zomjovo.

Uma uthola imijovo ye-cervical dystonia, qaphela ikakhulukazi ngemithambo ebandakanya intamo yakho nemisipha yamahlombe uze wazi ukuthi umuthi ukuthinta kanjani. Udokotela wakho angakunikeza isiqondiso esiqondile esisekelwe emisipheni ekhona ezelashwe kanye nesimo sakho ngasinye.