Hypertension Treatment

A reading of 130/80 mmHg or higher on repeated measurements meets the current clinical threshold for hypertension. Readings between 120–129 systolic with normal diastolic are classified as elevated — a stage that benefits from lifestyle intervention before medication is needed.

For stage 1 hypertension without high cardiovascular risk, lifestyle changes — weight loss, sodium reduction, increased physical activity, limiting alcohol — can meaningfully lower blood pressure. Medication is typically recommended when lifestyle measures are insufficient or risk is elevated.

Hypertension is often called the "silent killer" because it rarely causes noticeable symptoms until complications develop. Regular monitoring is the only reliable way to detect it — which is why blood pressure screening is a routine part of clinical care.

Frequency depends on your readings and treatment status. At-home monitoring — particularly morning and evening readings — provides more accurate data than occasional in-office checks and helps guide treatment decisions between visits.

Side effects vary by class. ACE inhibitors can cause a dry cough. Calcium channel blockers may cause ankle swelling. Diuretics can affect electrolyte levels. Beta-blockers may cause fatigue. Most are well tolerated — your clinician will match the medication to your full health picture.